Acacia Research Corporation

Good day, and welcome to the Acacia Research First Quarter 2024 Financial Results Conference Call. At this time, all participants are on a listen-only mode. After management's prepared remarks, there will be a question-and-answer session. I would now like to turn the call over to Rob Fink. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Operator. Thank you, everyone, for joining us today. Hosting the call today are MJ McNulty, Chief Executive Officer, and Kirsten Hoover, Interim Chief Financial Officer. Before beginning, I'd like to remind you that the information provided during this call may contain forward-looking statements relating to current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about future events that are forward-looking as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act 1995. These forward-looking statements generally relate to the company's plans, objectives, and expectations for future operation and are based on the current estimates and projections, future results, or trends. Actual results may differ materially from those projected as a result of certain risks and uncertainties. For a discussion of such risks and uncertainties, please see the risk factors as described in Acacia's annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, both of which are filed with the SEC. I would also like to remind everyone that a press release disclosing the financial results was issued this afternoon just after the close of market. The release may be accessed on the company's website under the press release section of the investor relations tab at acaciaresearch.com. With all that said, I'd now like to turn the call over to MJ. MJ, the call is yours.

Thanks very much, Rob. In the short time since our last call, we've continued to execute on our capital allocation strategy. We've realized gains from our IP monetization business and cash flows from Printronics. and have deployed capital into our new oil and gas business. Our focus continues to be twofold. First, growing cash flow and earnings from our current businesses, and second, continuing to evaluate opportunities to acquire new businesses into our platform. Our team has been busy identifying opportunistic situations where our research, execution, and operating partners can drive attractive earnings and book value for share growth. As it relates to the specifics, In terms of sources of capital, our IP monetization business generated $13.6 million in growth settlements and patent license agreements in the first quarter. These agreements further bolster our position to pursue additional licensing agreements and settlements, and our team is advancing discussions with other potential licensees. The Wi-Fi 6 patent portfolio continues to represent a lucrative opportunity for periodic cash events, and we believe there's significant incremental value in these patents. Additionally, we continue to evaluate potential additional capital investment into this business to acquire new patent portfolios when we believe there are attractive risk-reward opportunities. Also, as you will recall, Acacia acquired Printronics operating business in October of 2021. At the time we acquired the business, we believed it represented an attractive price relative to the cash flow able to be generated and recognized there would be some level of operational and strategic restructuring required. Beginning in early 2023, this team began the detailed work of putting the restructuring in motion by replacing the Printronics management team and bringing an operating advisor into the business to formulate and execute on continuous improvement and efficiency initiatives, including significant cost rationalizations. These initiatives are bearing fruit. We've now transitioned Printronics from consuming approximately $3.8 million in cash during the LTM period ended March 31, 2023 to generating approximately $6.8 million in cash during the LTM period ending March 31, 2024. We further defined and implemented the business's value proposition and go-to-market strategy for both printers and our high-margin consumables business. We're pleased with the progress of Printronics and believe its dual hardware and consumables business model, combined with its streamlined operating structure, represent a nice source of cash flow for Acacia. Turning to our capital allocation initiatives, early in the second quarter, Benchmark, our oil and gas business unit, closed its first significant acquisition, purchasing an attractive group of assets in Texas and Oklahoma. With the closing of the new acquisition now behind us, our experienced team at Benchmark has begun implementing its operational improvement plan. As we've stated previously, operational improvements are a meaningful part of our strategy. Our goal is to acquire mature, long-lived assets and deploy various field enhancements, including artificial lift optimization, a more active well maintenance program, and reopening previously closed wells. Benchmark's core strategy is improving the production and efficiency of its assets to maximize cash flow. As a reminder, this acquisition significantly expands the benchmark portfolio, adding approximately 140,000 net acres and approximately 470 operated producing wells in the Western Anadarko Basin throughout the Texas Panhandle and Western Oklahoma, including meaningful exposure to the emerging Cherokee development play via both operated acreage and non-operated arrangements with best-in-class operators. As we mentioned before, we like these assets because of their liquids-rich nature, being predominantly oil-based, with a production base of approximately 6,000 barrels of oil equivalent per day, exhibiting a low decline profile. Kirsten will discuss the financial results for benchmarks specific to the first quarter before we close the transaction. And I would highlight that in our next earnings, you should begin to see the significant benefits we expect from the platform in terms of revenue and free cash flow generation. We expect the consolidated benchmark entity to generate approximately $50 million in asset-level cash flow over the next 12 months at current strip pricing. As a reminder, Acacia owns 73.5% of benchmark energy pro forma for the transaction. Consistent with our risk management approach, upon closing, benchmark implemented hedges for over 70% of its operated oil and gas production for the next three years at attractive price levels. protecting a significant portion of the returns we underwrote when we signed the deal in February. With Benchmark's additional scale, we've been able to bring on additional hedging counterparties that not only help us achieve the best pricing, but also allow us to diversify risk. Taking this acquisition into account, Acacia has approximately $400 million in capital to deploy into new acquisitions. We believe the oil and gas business represents an attractive complement to our acquisition initiatives, in industrials, technology, and healthcare, where we also continue to evaluate operating businesses to add to our portfolio. Overall, the M&A environment is encouraging for the Acacia strategy, and we're seeing a strong pipeline of both public and private opportunities that fit well within our desired characteristics. While Acacia is less reliant on leverage for returns than our financial buyer counterparts, the lending environment appears to be opening up, and we have seen traditional banks starting to reemerge after being on the sidelines for the last year. This will allow us to be opportunistic in utilizing leverage as we evaluate total cost of capital in each acquisition we make. In the public markets, while valuations generally remain elevated, we're searching for and finding opportunities that are not well understood or where we believe our ownership can unlock significantly more value. We're continuing to see more situations where the market is creating attractive opportunities for buyers willing to do the fundamental work to understand the situation and find value. As a result of these activities this quarter, our book value per share at March 31st, 2024 was $5.89 per share compared to $5.90 per share at December 31st, 2023. Excluding an additional accrual of $6.2 million related to the AIP matter, which is discussed in greater detail in our 10Q, our adjusted book value per share on March 31st, 2024 would have been $5.95 a share. As a reminder, the AIP matter relates to an ongoing legal matter involving a profits interest plan adopted by prior members of management and the board in 2017. The profits interest plan granted a profit interest in Veritone 10% warrants, certain members of management and the board as compensation for services rendered. Importantly, those members of management and the board separated from Acacia in 2018 and 2019, and the Veritone 10% warrants were exercised in 2020 and 2021. As we mentioned before, book value per share is a metric we follow closely and is the primary metric on which our team's compensation is based. We believe this creates very close alignment with our shareholders. Finally, I'd like to note that the Board of Directors has nominated Michelle Feldman, an accomplished executive with more than three decades of experience in real estate, finance, and investing, to serve as an independent director for election at the company's annual meeting of stockholders. to be held on May 21, 2024. Michelle is set to fill the vacancy left by Katherine Wolonick, who has served as an independent director since January 2019, and who is not standing for reelection for her term, which is set to expire at the annual meeting. I'd like to thank Katherine for her service to Acacia during a period of transition. Her voice and counsel have been invaluable, and on behalf of Acacia and our shareholders, I'd like to express our gratitude. Ms. Fellman brings strong board and operating expertise to Acacia, having served on several public and private company boards. She currently serves on the board of directors of Cushman and Wakefield, chairing the nominating and governance committee, and serving as a member of the compensation committee. In addition, she recently completed her term as an advisory director at Invescorp, a leading provider and manager of alternative investment products. She also served as a trustee of the Parker's Group, a global private equity firm where she was chair of the Investment Oversight Committee and a member of the Audit Committee and the Compensation and Governance Committee. More on Ms. Fellman's impressive background and experience can be found in our proxy materials located in the filings and financial section of our website. We're confident that Ms. Fellman's deep and relevant industry expertise, as well as her experience on public company boards, will be invaluable to Acacia going forward. I'd now like to turn the call over to Kirsten to discuss our first quarter results.

Thank you, MJ. Our GAAP book value at March 31st, 2024 was $589.6 million, or $5.89 per share. Excluding the impact of the additional accrual of $6.2 million related to the AIP matter MJ discussed earlier, Our book value per share at March 31, 2024 would have been $5.95 per share. Printronics generated $2.8 million in cash during the quarter, reflecting the changes and process improvements to optimize operational efficiencies that have taken place over the past year. We expect Printronics to continue to generate free cash flow on an annual basis. Benchmarks operating income during the quarter was 0.2 million, which included 0.4 million of non-cash depreciation, depletion, and amortization, and does not reflect 0.8 million of realized derivative gains. Now let me turn to the first quarter results. Total revenues were 24.3 million compared to 14.8 million in the same quarter last year. Let me break this down between our operating segments. The intellectual property business generated 13.6 million in licensing and other revenue during the quarter, compared to 4.2 million in the same quarter last year, reflecting an increase in the number of license agreements executed quarter over quarter and higher average license fees. Printronics, our industrial operations business, generated 8.8 million in revenues during the quarter, compared to 10.6 million in the same quarter last year. Benchmark, our energy operations, which we acquired on November 13th, 2023, generated 1.9 million in revenue in the quarter, which excludes gains on hedging contracts of 0.8 million. As a reminder, in April, We closed Benchmark's first acquisition following Acacia's initial investment. Results from this acquisition will be reported beginning in our second quarter. Pro forma for the acquisition, we will own 73.5% of this subsidiary. General and administrative expenses were $12.4 million compared to $12 million in the same quarter of last year. with the increase due to the increase in variable performance-based compensation costs for the intellectual property segment, partially offset by a decrease in parent legal fees and a decrease in Printronics G&A. Operating loss was 2.1 million compared to an operating loss of 9.3 million in the same quarter of last year. with the decrease due to higher revenues generated in the IP business. Printronics contributed 1.2 million in operating income, which included 0.7 million of non-cash depreciation and amortization expense. Benchmark contributed 0.2 million in operating income, which included 0.4 million in non-cash depreciation and depletion expense. Gap net loss attributable to Acacia Research Corporation was $0.2 million or zero cents per share compared to gap net income attributable to Acacia of $9.4 million or a loss of seven cents per diluted share in the first quarter of last year. Diluted earnings per share adjusts the numerator used in the basic earnings per share computation for the fair value adjustments on warrant and embedded derivative liabilities resulting in a diluted net loss attributable to common stockholders. Excluding the impact of the additional accrual relating to the AIP matter, which represented six cents earnings per share, our earnings per share for the first quarter of 2024 would be six cents per share. As of March 31, 2024, our NOL totaled approximately $18 million. We will continue to evaluate the most efficient ways to maximize this asset. Turning now to the balance sheet. Cash, cash equivalents, and equity securities at fair value totaled $461.7 million at March 31, 2024. compared to $403.2 million at December 31, 2023. Equity securities without readily determinable fair value totaled $5.8 million at March 31, 2024, unchanged from December 31, 2023. Investment securities representing equity method investments, net of non-controlling interest, totaled $19.9 million at March 31, 2024, unchanged from December 31, 2023. Acacia owns 64% of Malin J1, which results in a 26% ownership stake in Viomet Pharmaceuticals for Acacia. The company currently carries no parent debt, having paid off its senior secured notes on July 13, 2023. and $13 million in non-recourse debt at benchmark as of March 31, 2024. We continue to believe that cash per share is an important metric for measuring our progress. As of March 31, 2024, our cash per share stood at $4.39 per share. More details on these results have been made available in the press release that was issued this afternoon and in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q, which we will file with the SEC later today. With that, we'd be pleased to take your questions.

Certainly. The floor is now open for questions. If you have any questions or comments, please press star 1 on your phone at this time. We ask that while posing your question, you please pick up your handset if listening on a speakerphone to provide optimum sound quality. Please hold just a moment while we poll for questions. Your first question is coming from Brett Reese with Jannie Montgomery Scott. Please pose your question. Your line is left.

Hi, MJ. Hi, Kirsten. Hey, Brett. How you doing? I'm good. I'm good. I just have a couple of questions to get my arms around the, you know, the bench investment. Benchmark? Yeah, benchmark. Sorry. Okay. So we basically have laid out 67 million for the 73.5% interest we have in it. Do we value it or market at 67 million? You know, I'm just wondering why the book value after this investment, you know, did not, you know, move, move up.

Yeah. I mean, so that's a great question, Brett. So it is, it is valued. Well, two points. The $67 million for the second acquisition of Benchmark, remember the first we made in November, and we invested roughly $10 million for half the company, is marked a cost. The second investment, which is the much larger of the two, which we closed this year, was actually closed in April. So it's not yet reflected in the numbers because it wasn't a first quarter event, but you'll start to see that in the second quarter. But broadly, how we think about it when you do see it in the second quarter is we're taking cash and we're investing it into those assets. And with those assets marked at cost, there's a little bit of expense that goes against it for deal-related expenses. you shouldn't see a material appreciation of book value because you're trading cash for an asset. So you're just moving around the asset side of the balance sheet.

Okay, I appreciate that. Now, somewhere in my notes, at the benchmark company level, it was anticipated or expected to generate $45 million in EBITDA or operating cash flow. Do you recall this number?

Yeah, that's what we mentioned on our last call. It was cash flow at the asset level, which is effectively, yeah.

All right. So we're entitled to 73.5% of that $45 million. And then what we don't know is what the SG&A on benchmark is going to be. I'm just trying to get a handle on what, or maybe you can just, Shortcut.

Yeah.

So, I mean, what, what, what, what do we own with benchmark and, and, you know, so we can begin to feel, get a sense of valuation.

Yeah. So we own with benchmark. We are in a company called benchmark benchmark owns two assets. They own the first asset that we bought half of, and they own the second asset, which we closed subsequent to the end of the quarter. which pro forma for our investment and our partner's equity investment into that, we will own 73 and a half percent of the combination of those two assets. Okay. Which is roughly together on a pro forma basis, $50 million of earnings, of which 73 and a half percent would be net to our stake.

Okay. Now, That's aspirational, the $50 million in earnings. How long do you think it'll take to gear up to achieve that?

So you're not going to see it all in 2024 because we closed the larger of the two acquisitions in April. But that is at current oil and gas prices. And recall, we're hedged three years out, 70% on the strip. And so you'll start to see those numbers roll through on a monthly basis. They will ramp because they'll come into our financial statements on a monthly and quarterly basis. Right. But the company is running at that level of earnings today.

Right. And so monthly, well, 0.735 times 50 million divided by 12. I mean... Eventually, we're going to see $2.5 million, $3 million of cash flow come to us from this investment?

Every month. You'll see it quarterly, Brett, but yes, every month, that's roughly the amount of cash flow that will be generated from this investment.

Okay. why don't you do some more of this stuff?

Uh, well, look, I mean, that's, you know, it's, we, we, we joke and laugh about it, but those are the types of opportunities that we're looking for. And so, you know, our strike zone is very tight in terms of risk management and risk reward. And we, we, we do not want to be, uh, in oil and gas company. Um, We want to have a diversified portfolio, but we're looking at other opportunities in other industries where the profile is similar to this. And so those are the types of acquisitions that we're looking to add into our portfolio. Right, right.

Now, one last one, a little change in direction. Last conference call, you mentioned strong pipeline of opportunities outside of oil and gas. Another quarter has passed and we've not seen you pull the trigger on any of it. And then you said earlier in your comments, deals and bank credit is loosening up. Does this make it more likely you can get a deal or less likely?

Look, the way I would answer that question is to say that we're not looking to buy companies for the sake of buying companies. We're looking to buy companies where we can have a really nice risk-reward profile associated with them. And the volume of M&A will be dictated by the types of opportunities we see. We are seeing a lot of things that are quite interesting right now. We're looking at things that are off the run. We're looking at things that others don't understand. And in, in these types of transactions, we have counterparties and we need to negotiate to a point where both counterparties are willing to transact. And that's our job is to find those opportunities and get to a point where we can transact at a price and on terms that are attractive to our shareholders. And so we're, you know, we're, we're not, we're not looking to do an acquisition a month. We're looking to do an acquisition when that acquisition makes sense collectively for all of us to preserve and grow our capital waste.

Right. One last one. If the macroeconomic backdrop is this Ballyhooed soft landing or on the alternative, you know, we have a hard landing. Would a hard landing make it more likely you can get a deal outside of oil and gas done?

I don't think it hurts, and it really just depends on the particular companies that we are seeing that we like and think there's opportunity in and who owns the companies and what the situation is. But we're not looking to make macro-related bets. Um, if, if we have a hard landing historically, that has been a very good time to buy companies. If you have conviction around the cycle. And so we are not calling the macro picture. We're not waiting for a recession. We're not assuming that the market will continue to be in a Goldilocks phase indefinitely. It's really a, it's a case by case situation. And as I mentioned earlier, each of the companies that we're looking at is very idiosyncratic.

Great. Thank you for answering all my questions. I will drop back in queue. Thank you.

Yeah, of course.

Thanks, Brett.

Nice to hear from you.

Once again, if you do have any remaining questions or comments, please press star one at this time. Your next question is coming from a private investor, Ron Heller. Please pose your question. Your line is live.

Can you go through the cash on the balance sheet again? I think we went from $400 million and I heard two numbers, 439 and 460. Can you clarify that?

Yeah. Hey, Kirsten, you want to take that one? Sure. One sec.

So, yeah, the 439 is our cash and cash equivalents as of the end of March. And then the 460 includes our cash and equity securities.

And that's up from the previously reported 400 million. Can you tell me what the delta is on that?

Sure. We had some receivables as of the end of December from our IP group that were all collected in the quarter. That was really the biggest driver of the increase. Oh, sorry, excuse me. And also, as we mentioned, in the fourth quarter, we recorded an unrealized gain on our ERIX investment for the forward sale contract that we had. That closed also in the quarter and turned to cash.

Yeah, so, Ron, if you take the December 31st cash number, add the cash receipts from the intellectual property business, and the ERIC sale, which moved from a marketable security to cash with a slight gain associated to the 1231 marketable security number when we actually converted it into cash. That's how you get to the numbers that Kirsten is talking about. And then the other number that I mentioned is pro forma for the funding of the second benchmark acquisition will have approximately $400 million in of cash and securities, but liquid marketable securities that we can use to go deploy into other acquisitions.

Okay, two more questions. Back in November of 2023, the company announced a buyback of stock. No obligation to buy stock back, but I think it was $20 million not to exceed 5 million shares. Has the company bought any stock back to date?

We have not bought any stock back yet, Ron.

Okay, and did the company intend to buy stock back back when they made the announcement in the fourth quarter? And if so, why hasn't the company bought any stock back, considering it's been, in some cases, a 30% discount to book value?

You know, I appreciate you asking the question. You know, we're evaluating it on a consistent basis. And we're seeing a lot of opportunities to deploy cash and acquisitions. So we, you know, when we think it's opportunistic, we'll buy stock back. And if we don't think it's opportunistic or it's less opportunistic than making acquisitions, then we use cash to make acquisitions.

One footnote, one question regarding the lot of time and releases, time and conversation with CC and the release has been on book value per share. And is my math correct that if you did buy stock back or any company bought stock back at a significant discount that it would, by definition, increase the book value per share?

As a general theory, yes, that is correct. The magnitude at which this buyback increases book value per share is attractive. But, again, we have attractive ways to deploy the capital.

Thank you. Of course.

Your next question is coming from Adam Eagleston with Formidable Asset Management. Please pose your question. Your line is live.

Hey, I'm Jake Eagleston. How are you today? Hey, Adam. How's it going? Hi.

Good, good. Doing well. Ron beat me to the punch on the buyback question, but would love to hear a little bit more or just echo his sentiment about that being seen as the cost of capital, so to speak. And I hope that's the way you and the board are looking at it. In terms of the legacy, you don't talk much about those. They're sort of orphaned at this point. Any impetus by management to divest those or do something with them? Is there a market out there for those assets?

Yeah, I appreciate you asking the question, and you're right. We didn't mention it in the transcript. I would use the term non-core as opposed to orphan maybe because we do work with that. That's pretty hard. And hence, the goal is to create liquidity on those assets. And as you know, there are two biotech companies. The overwhelming majority of the value there is two biotech companies. And we are actively working to create liquidity in those positions.

Got it. Great. And that's a good segue, actually, as we think about the market opportunities out there. You mentioned biotech, and there's clearly a lot of carnage in that space. Is there any opportunity in that orphan biotech space, and again, apologies for the pejorative term, but with regard to some publicly traded biotechs that are subcash, et cetera, or is that one of those cliched kind of too hard facts as you think about the public market opportunities?

I mean, I think the answer to the question is a little bit in between the two kind of goalposts you put out there. I would say in the past we have evaluated some of the net bets in the pharmaceutical world. One of the issues is without control, you can't really affect the change or the trajectory of the cash burn, which gives us a little bit of heartburn. And then with the control, you're effectively taking technology risk, and that's not really the business. That we've set out to be, and we were looking for companies with durable earnings and so there is potential alpha in those names. I'm, I'm candidly not sure that we're the right. People with the right folks on staff and and experience to to be able to pick that horse. And so while it is alluring. From evaluation standpoint for us. We don't, you know, we don't know. We're not exactly sure how we create value out of those opportunities as opposed to just betting on a horse.

Got it. I'm sure that's fair. Thanks for taking the call.

Yeah, of course.

Your next question is coming from Todd Seltzer with 88 Management. Please pose your question. Your line is left.

Thank you. Congratulations on a solid quarter. Quick question. When I look at the income statement... You know, we're sitting with $400 million large, and I know T-bills and money market accounts are yielding in the area 5%, which should generate somewhere around $5 million a quarter. Where do we see any income generated from our liquidity on our income statement? Kirsten, do you want to take that one?

Yeah, you'll see that in the other operating or other income and expense, and there's a line interest income and other. It's $4.9 million for the quarter.

Great. Okay, appreciate that, Kristen. Okay. Okay, MJ, keep up the good work with the team. We appreciate you and thank you.

Yeah, thanks, Todd.

Terry Peterby, no further questions in queue at this time. I would now like to turn the floor back over to NJ for any closing remarks.

Thanks for everyone's participation here today. Thanks for paying attention. And we appreciate the questions and the conversations. And most importantly, we appreciate the idea flow that we get from you all because you're an investor and in us, but we're all in the same business in certain ways. And so we love to hear the ideas that come our way from you all. And we'll talk to you next quarter.

Thank you, everyone. This does conclude today's conference call. You may disconnect your phone lines at this time and have a wonderful day. Thank you for your participation.