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Operator
Thank you for standing by. This is the conference operator. Welcome to the Ballard Power Systems first quarter 2022 results conference call. As a reminder, all participants are in listen-only mode and the conference is being recorded. After the presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To join the question queue, you may press star then 1 on your telephone keypad. Should you need assistance during the conference call, you may signal an operator by pressing star and zero. I would now like to turn the conference over to Kate Charlton, Vice President, Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Kate Charlton
Thank you, Operator, and good morning. Welcome to Ballard's first quarter 2022 Financial and Operating Results Conference Call. With us on today's call are Randy McEwen, Ballard's CEO, and Paul Dobson, Chief Financial Officer. We will be making forward-looking statements that are based on management's current expectations, beliefs, and assumptions concerning future events. Actual results could be materially different. Please refer to our most recent annual information form and other public filings for our complete disclaimer and related information. We will keep our prepared remarks relatively brief to allow sufficient time for questions. I'll now turn the call over to Randy.
Ballard
Thanks, Kate, and welcome everyone to today's conference call. We join today's call with the continued confidence in our industry backdrop and a growing global commitment to the energy transition. Our climate crisis, coupled with the recent reprioritization on energy security, are forcing administrations into action. The European Commission is taking clear action to boost hydrogen technology scale-up and deployment. As a continuation to the repower EU announcement earlier this year, which outlined plans to quadruple the EU's previously planned hydrogen supply by 2030, the Commission last week announced plans to increase its annual electrolyzer manufacturing capabilities tenfold by 2025. This would increase annual green hydrogen production from 1.7 gigawatts to 17.5 gigawatts. We view this as an accelerant to support the adoption of fuel cell electric vehicles across Europe. In the first quarter, Ballard delivered $21 million in revenue, a 19% increase from Q1 2021, while also securing new orders totaling $27.8 million. This activity reflects an increase in our order backlog to $99.8 million at the end of Q1. Our order intake was largely driven by increased customer activity in Europe in both truck and bus markets. Ballard's focus remains on the large Addressable markets of medium and heavy-duty mobility, including bus, truck, rail, and marine, as well as select stationary power generation markets. These are the applications where our hydrogen fuel cell technology has the strongest value proposition. I'll briefly talk through our Q1 progress and highlights in key applications and regions. We continue to see strong customer engagement in European and U.S. bus markets. driven by repeat orders from key customers including New Flyer and Solaris. As of the end of Q1, Ballard has deployed fuel cells across 17 different European countries and approximately half a dozen US states. We anticipate increased market expansion as European countries roll out strategies and policies to support energy security and decarbonization. In the U.S., the federal government increased low-no funding for bus fleet operators to $1.1 billion, six times that of the previous year, to support zero-emission bus rollout. In the truck market, we continue to make progress with our partnerships. Today, at the ACT Expo in California, Linamar and Ballard announced the unveiling of our concept hydrogen-powered Class II truck chassis. The technology demonstration platform will be showcased this week and displayed in a Ram 2500 truck chassis. Testing on the new platform is underway and will continue in 2022 and 2023. Our development program with Mahle continues on schedule, with integration of Ballard's fuel cell module and testing on the concept engine ongoing and expected to continue throughout the year. Ballard also continues to invest and partner with geographically diverse vehicle integrators to adjust different market demands and stages of maturity in the truck sector. Today, we announced we've entered into a strategic collaboration with Wisdom Motor, Temple Water Group, and Bravo Transport Services, which is Hong Kong's largest transit operator, to accelerate the adoption of commercial fuel cell buses in Hong Kong. owner of Bravo Transport, together with Ballard, co-invested in funding for Wisdom, a company that designs and manufactures zero-emission commercial vehicles. These funds will support Wisdom's expansion and development of its hydrogen zero-emission fuel cell truck, bus, and special vehicle offerings for international markets. Wisdom's hydrogen vehicle product lines will exclusively deploy Ballard's leading PAM fuel cell technology, with modules supplied by the Weichai Ballard Joint Venture in China. As we discussed on the Q4 earnings call, we continue to look at new routes to market to accelerate adoption, leveraging parallel go-to-market strategies by partnering with both OEMs and Tier 1s on the one hand and vehicle integrators on the second. This collaboration, announced today with Wisdom, is our first investment in a vehicle OEM and positions us to participate in the growing Hong Kong market while supporting demand for products from the Weichai-Ballard joint venture. In rail, we expanded our scope of work with CP in Canada. Ballard will support the expansion of CP's hydrogen locomotive program from one to three locomotives with expected delivery later this year. In Europe, Siemens Mobility completed the production of the purpose-built 400-kilowatt Muriel Plus H train and last week announced its first rollout. The train and its new infrastructure are intended to replace multiple-unit diesel trains in commuter and regional transport and bring rail-related CO2 emissions to zero. As a two-car train, the Muriel Plus H has an operating range of up to 800 kilometers as powerful as its electric multiple-unit counterpart, and a top speed of 160 kilometers per hour. One key element needed to make hydrogen technology competitive with diesel fuel in daily operation is a fast refueling process. Deutsche Bahn, who has been identified hydrogen trains as an important technology in achieving climate neutrality, has developed a new method that for the first time enables a hydrogen train to be refueled as fast as a diesel-powered train. The fast refueling of hydrogen trains will make the technology competitive in daily operation, particularly the demanding timing of regional passenger service. The Morale will begin operational testing on rail this year and is expected to enter demonstration service in Bavaria in 2024. We continue to see exciting momentum in the marine market, specifically in our current target markets of coastal and inland applications. In the quarter, we saw growth in our maritime customer base as we received orders from new customers and a project expansion with an existing customer. We also announced DNV type approval of our FC Wave module just after quarter end. This marks a significant milestone for us as Ballard is the first to receive type approval for a hydrogen fuel cell from DNV. This classification removes a significant roadblock in helping the marine industry deploys zero emission technologies and meet global emission reduction targets. This lengthy and technically onerous approval process gives confidence in our product safety, performance, and durability for marine applications and will accelerate our customer approval time for proposed maritime projects deploying Ballard's fuel cell engines. In off-road, a key milestone was also announced by Anglo American, launching the world's first hydrogen-powered mining truck. The first of four 290-ton class hydrogen fuel cell mining trucks has now been launched at their Molokwana platinum mine in South Africa. Each mining truck employs a 2 megawatt hydrogen battery hybrid drivetrain, including 800 kilowatts of fuel cell power. Each of these trucks, when operating with a diesel drivetrain, use 3,000 liters of fuels per day. Converting these trucks to green hydrogen results in a significant reduction in fossil fuel consumption and emissions, particularly when extrapolated amongst full mining fuel cell truck deployments. As a part of this project, on-site green hydrogen production, storage, and refueling infrastructure has been developed, including the largest electrolyzer in Africa and a solar plant to support the operation of the haul truck. Years in the making, this key project milestone is illustrating the importance of hydrogen in decarbonizing heavy-duty mobility and help companies like Anglo achieve their carbon neutrality goals. With a goal of carbon neutrality at their operations by 2040 and haul truck diesel emissions accounting for about 10% to 15% of their total Scope 1 emissions, Anglo plans to expand this initial pilot of four trucks to the entire fleet of 40 trucks at the mine over the coming years. In stationary power generation, we increased our revenue 450% from Q1 last year. For select stationary power applications, we're able to leverage our FC Wave technology. While initially designed for the marine market, our FC Wave module is also being deployed in multiple stationary power applications. Increased demand from the stationary power market resulted in the largest number of FC modules shipped in a quarter. Now looking at other key geographic regions. Sales in the European market remained strong, accounting for 45% of our quarterly revenue. In North America, we continue to see an increase in sales, up 47% from Q1 2021. Strength in both Europe and North America is primarily driven by follow-on orders from key bus customers. In Q1, we saw a decrease in revenue contribution from China compared to Q1 last year. The lack of policy clarity for the implementation of the demonstration city clusters is being exacerbated by COVID restrictions and lockdowns. As has been widely reported, many areas of China are seeing another wave of COVID. The recent lockdown in Shanghai and other key centers across the country have impacted business. While our manufacturing facility in Weifeng has not been shut down, day-to-day business operations amongst companies and governments are seeing significant delays. We're also experiencing shipment delays on our supply chain, but are working to mitigate the impact. We continue to evaluate opportunities for Ballard and the Weichai-Ballard joint venture to further strengthen our long-term positioning across the coastal regions in the near term and post-subsidy in the long term. We've also noted an increase in interest and opportunity in emerging markets outside of Europe, North America, and China. Following the end of the quarter, we signed an MOU with Doosan Fuel Cell to accelerate fuel cell bus adoption with initial market focus in South Korea. Doosan, active in developing solid oxide fuel cells for stationary and marine applications, recognizes PEM fuel cells as a technology of choice for mobility applications and a new growth engine for their organization. Under the MOU, Doosan will integrate Ballard's PEM fuel cell stacks in its hydrogen fuel cell bus powertrain in South Korea, with an aim to have fuel cell buses on the road in the next two years. Doosan is an experienced and capable organization with strong market position in Korea, opening a new geographic opportunity for Ballard with a strong partner. Doosan's decision to utilize Ballard's PEM technology is a strong endorsement of our industry-leading position capabilities underpinned by leading on-the-road experience. We continue to deploy, develop, and prioritize strategic partnerships to expand our market penetration and accelerate the adoption of fuel cells across our medium and heavy-duty mobility and stationary power market opportunities, shifting to more color on our financials. In Q1, we experienced continued downward pressure on our gross margin. This compression is consistent with our 2022 plan, reflecting expected changes in our revenue mix, selling prices, and cost structure. On revenue mix, we have a heavier weighting of module product sales, including some new modules that are early volume production. On selling prices, we've been pricing certain low-volume customer pilot projects based on securing platform wins with strategic accounts. On cost, fixed overhead costs are elevated as we invested in advanced manufacturing and production capacity expansion. Like others, we've also seen some inflationary cost pressures in our supply chain and freight costs. While we expect compressed gross margins in the near term, we're confident in margin expansion in the mid to long term, driven by important progress on our product cost reduction program. Also, as higher production volumes and customers transition from pilot projects to commercial deployments, and we continue our progress on our product development cost reduction program, we expect to see concurrent gross margin expansion. We ended the quarter with a strong balance sheet and cash position of $1.1 billion. Last quarter, we initiated 2022 guidance on total operating costs and capital expenditures to provide clarity on our capital allocation plans and priorities. Our guidance remains unchanged and on track to spend between $140 and $160 million in total operating expenses this year, and between $40 to $60 million in capital expenses. Our strategy is to invest ahead of the curve in talent, technology, products, capabilities, and customer experience. We believe this will position the company for significant market share as the adoption of hydrogen accelerates over the coming years. And on the technology and operational front, we continue to make important progress on our three-by-three stack cost reduction plan and remain on track to achieve our 2024 target. Corporate development work continues to be a strategic priority in 2022. We are evaluating potential acquisitions, investments, and partnerships to improve our competitive positioning, expand our product portfolio and solutions across the value chain, simplify and enhance customer experience, accelerate fuel cell adoption target markets, and facilitate business scaling. Ballard's business model is designed to leverage our core fuel cell technology across multiple large and attractive, adjustable applications in medium and heavy-duty mobility, including our key use cases in bus, truck, rail, marine, and off-road, as well as stationary power market opportunities. We believe this business model will provide us with a long-term scale and unit volume advantage, which will translate to a cost advantage and complement Ballard's technology leadership and vertical integration. We believe this business model provides Ballard with a compelling revenue scaffolding effect, as well as diversification and resiliency in our revenue streams for the long term across products, applications, regions, and customers. So where are we today? Ballard sits at the convergence of highly supportive drivers with a disruptive fuel cell technology. We see a context with powerful market drivers, increasingly supportive policies, the continued and expected growth of secure and low-cost renewables, an encouraging outlook for the adoption of green hydrogen, growing market and customer engagement as all stakeholders lean into the energy transition, improving customer economics given higher costs for carbon-based fuel, platform wins and progress on pilot projects with strategic accounts across all of our verticals, growing fuel deployments, leading fuel data, complementary strategic partnerships, and a strong balance sheet supporting our increased investments. It's an exciting context as we continue to make important progress across our business to fully realize our purpose to deliver fuel cell power for a sustainable planet and create value for our stakeholders, including shareholders, customers, and employees. And with that, I'll turn the call back to the operator for questions.
Operator
Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. To join the question queue, you may press star, then one on your telephone keypad. You will hear a tone acknowledging your request. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing any keys. To withdraw your question, please press star, then two. We ask that all questioners please keep asking one question and one follow-up. We will pause for a moment as callers join the queue. The first question comes from Rupert Mayer with National Bank.
Rupert Mayer
Please go ahead. Rupert, your line is now open.
Rupert
Rupert Mayer Sorry, technical difficulties. With the wisdom deal that you announced today, can you talk about how that's come together? And is there an existing relationship between Wei Chai and this group?
Ballard
Yeah, Rupert, thanks for the question. It's actually an interesting context on how this came together. So, you know, effectively, we've been looking at the Hong Kong market for some time. And as you know, actually, in your own personal experience previously, Rupert, the Hong Kong market has been looking at hydrogen fuel cell technology for 25 years. Spending time with the Hong Kong transit operators there, including Bravo, we were introduced to Wisdom as a company that would be very well positioned to be a supplier of fuel cell buses to the Hong Kong market. Through that introduction, with Temple Water as now effectively a controlling shareholder, both of Bravo and as Wisdom, we saw this opportunity to really embed Ballard fuel cell technology into these platforms that will be designed for buses and trucks by Wisdom for international markets, including Hong Kong. And I think we'll see very important progress in the Hong Kong market in the coming 12 to 24 months.
Rupert
So is Weichai involved directly in this other than, say, through the Ballard-Weichai joint venture?
Ballard
Yeah, so this is a company, Wisdom, that manufactures their buses in China. And the founders of the company have prior experience in the Weichai organization. So they're well known to Weichai. And I think this is a great opportunity for the Weichai-Ballard joint venture to have the opportunity through Ballard to effectively see product moving into international markets.
Rupert
All right, just one final follow-up on this. What's the timeline on this? Do they have any expectations for, say, first deliveries of prototypes and then potential commercial deployment?
Ballard
Yeah, we'll wait for Wisdom to take the lead on their public disclosure, but you'll see, I think, an important demonstration project in 2022.
Alex
Excellent. I'll leave it there. Thank you. Yeah, excellent. Thank you.
Operator
The next question comes from Aaron McNeil with TD Securities. Please go ahead.
Aaron McNeil
Hey, morning, all. Thanks for taking my questions. Quick question on one of your bus partners. They recently announced a big reduction to their full-year EBITDA guidance and cited issues like shortages of microprocessors. I guess I'm just wondering, is this microprocessor issue pervasive across all of your bus customers, or do you see it as an isolated incident? And additionally, like, when do you typically recognize revenues, and will this, you know, shortage impact your near-term revenue?
Ballard
Yeah, Aaron, thanks for the question. First of all, I think it's important to understand that whether it's bus, truck, rail, marine, all the applications, you know, there are supply chain impacts impacting all verticals. And certainly, Paul and I just spent a couple of weeks in Europe and met with a number of bus OEMs as well as customers in other verticals. And on the bus side, you know, there were two key takeaways for me. One was the very strong sentiment that we were seeing from those OEMs. for the adoption of fuel cell buses. They're selling both battery electric and fuel cell electric typically, and they're seeing growing demand for fuel cell buses based on real world experience from some of the transit operators. And I would say the sales activity are at record levels for these bus OEMs as they look to deploy zero emission, and particularly fuel cells. So that came through very loud and clear with all of the bus OEMs that we met. The second thing we heard was that they were all struggling with the supply chain. And it's not just microprocessors. It's even in some cases could be hoses or a very modest part of the bill of material of their bus that we're having impact on delivery schedules. The second part of your question in terms of, you know, when do we recognize revenue? We typically, for bus customers, recognize revenue when we ship the product and the ownership of that asset turns over to that customer. So, you know, I would say that there have been delays in the bus market on a couple of fronts. One is just the, we've seen ongoing delays for transit operators to conclude their tendering processes and their government funding arrangements. And then as the bus OEMs look to deploy, a number of them have had challenges on the timing of the projects with the supply chain. And this could be exacerbated when you look at what's happening in China currently. And many of these customers of ours do have components that they're procuring from China.
Aaron McNeil
Understood. Randy, this is kind of an oddball question, so bear with me. But you mentioned the trend toward the heavier weight of product sales. It just seems like in general... As this industry moves closer to commercialization, your partners and collaborators are less likely to fund your development initiatives through the technology solutions revenue pathway like we've seen in the past with Audi and Weichi. We've also seen you invest more in R&D. My question really revolves around whether or not this revenue stream is a relic of the past or if we might see it come into play in the future? And is it deliberate on your part to sort of maintain control over the intellectual property? Or is it just a decreased willingness of your partners to fund the R&D?
Ballard
Yeah, Aaron, I think you're touching on a couple of key points. So one is we made a conscious decision to invest strategically and own the IP and be able to sell that technology to a number of customers. rather than have it being owned by one customer and restricting market opportunities. So that's a strategic choice. I do think we're going to see opportunities in what I'll call later stage markets. For example, aerospace, where, you know, we don't see near-term deployments of that type of technology. So those are the type of opportunities where I think you can see TS activities being engaged. But I think the trend clearly is towards Ballard moving to a situation where the revenue is dominated and heavily weighted by product sales. And that's always been the plan. And I think the transition of TS as a smaller percentage of revenue will also see a transition of the TS revenue to newer later stage markets as well.
Aaron McNeil
Okay, perfect. That's all for me. I'll turn it over.
Alex
Yeah, thank you, Aaron.
Operator
The next question comes from Craig Sher with Tuhi Brothers. Please go ahead.
Craig Sher
Good morning. So, Rupert covered a lot on the wisdom field. Do you have any indication of total prospective investment size from Ballard?
Ballard
Yeah, I'm not sure whether Wisdom will be announcing anything in terms of the size of the investment round that they're completing and things like valuation, et cetera. For us, this is not a material investment, and we're a minority investor here in Wisdom.
Craig Sher
Gotcha. And you made reference to stationary power sales picking up. I guess your FC Wave is moving into that market. It looked to be the best quarter in some time. Do you see this foreshadowing more material, actual commercial traction, not just does this work, but potential to have stationary power lead the charge on the top line over the next 18 months?
Ballard
Yeah, great question, Craig. And I think there's a couple of things I'd highlight about stationary power. the opportunity for us to get more leverage off the same technology and products that we're designing for these medium and heavy duty motive applications with strong value proposition. So we like that aspect of the business model. The second thing about stationary power is that there can be very large deployments of stationary power. So we do see, as we move out to 2025 and 2030, stationary power becoming a significant standalone revenue and profit stream for us in the future. So I do think what we'll see, because stationary projects can be relatively lumpy or large in scale moving forward, we will see some volatility, I think, quarter to quarter in the stationary power market segments. But I think the trend we've seen here recently is indicative of new market opportunities where we can deploy this technology. And there's a number of market segments in stationary power that are now looking at hydrogen fuel cells really for the first time. So I think it's pretty exciting for us to have this business model. And I think it will contribute significant aggregate revenue, but it will vary quarter to quarter.
Rupert Mayer
Great. Thank you.
Operator
The next question comes from Leo Mariani with KeyBank. Please go ahead.
Leo Mariani
Hey, guys. I wanted to follow up a little bit on some of the comments around the margins. Historically, I guess Ballard has had, you know, pretty decent, you know, gross margins and kind of posted the negative margin here, you know, really for the first time in many years. I think maybe that caught me a little by surprise here, and can you maybe just talk a little bit more about your strategy Sounds like you're kind of selling, you know, some of your products, you know, below cost in order to kind of grab, you know, market share. And maybe just talk about, like, is that something that's more of a short-term strategy where you do it for a couple quarters and you think that as we get to the end of the year or next year that kind of flips and you'll start seeing better margins? Just maybe explain that a little bit.
Ballard
Charlie, hi. It's Paul here. So, yeah, there's a couple of – a few different dynamics happening, some of which we've mentioned in some – perhaps not, but really the change in revenue, the revenue mix, more towards products and away from TS, you know, that is having some downward pressure on the margin. TS margins, you know, it's got a much higher contribution margin than power products traditionally. So that's having an effect. There's also pressure on the contribution margin in both actually power products and TS as well from some supply chain, higher labor costs, Inflationary pressure, higher materials costs, freight in costs. We've talked about these in prior quarters. We're still seeing some of that. I think the team is actually doing quite a good job managing, and we're building some inventory, qualifying new suppliers to help manage through that. So we've seen some lead times and delivery times get pushed out a little bit, and some costs rise, but not by huge amounts. So the team's doing a really good job there. But overall, the biggest impact is really the impact of higher fixed overheads. And that increased by about $2.4 million from Q1 2021, which is about 11 points of gross margin. So that is quite consistent with what we've disclosed before about spending overall and spending ahead of the growth curve to scale up production in anticipation of higher volumes. So that's consistent with the guidance we've given on on higher spending. So we're seeing, you know, going into the gross margin, more upfront investment in people processes in some of our key operational areas to support that growth in advanced manufacturing, in operations, and in some facilities as well. So that's really the biggest thing. That's half of that sort of increase in fixed overhead. The other half of the fixed overheads is the The non-recurrence, not receiving COVID subsidies, which we received in Q1 last year. There's also a small amount of some rent sub-leases, which haven't been renewed as well. And that's really the other half. And then there's also a little bit of increased depreciation for more spending on fixed assets. So, you know, that's, as Randy mentioned in his remarks, all of that was as expected. And so given those kind of trends and drivers and that increased investment, we're expecting the gross margin percentage to, sort of being the single digits this year. And so the expansion, we're quite confident, is going to come when we see higher sales volumes. And so those costs spread over higher sales. And so we would be confident that that is going to occur as sales and volumes ramp up.
Ballard
Leo, maybe just to address your question on the customer side, and I think it's important to understand kind of where we are as an industry. Lots of 50 countries now that have hydrogen strategies and roadmaps, but that hasn't translated to clear policy nudges and levers for early adopters to see a value proposition. So there's a gap in the cost structure today and the value proposition in low volumes. And normally, what we've seen in solar and wind and even battery electric in a number of markets, is that there have been policy levers that help support early adopters to get their deployments out. And we haven't seen the hydrogen strategies translate yet to those levers. It'll happen, but it hasn't happened yet. And so we've consciously, over the last six months, as we've looked at platform wins and securing customers, key brand customers that dominate the verticals that they're in. We've consciously made decisions to work with our customers who have lean economics on these projects to get these projects onto the road, have their end users experience this technology, have the OEM design their platforms around Ballard fuel cell technology, whether that's in bus, truck, rail, or marine, And as we do that, you know, we've seen pricing pressure in order to make that happen. So a very conscious decision on our part to do that. I think it's going to benefit us long-term with these platform wins. We, as we've said many times before, believe that once we're in these platforms, we're very sticky.
Leo Mariani
Okay. That's a very good caller for sure. And then just with respect to, you know, kind of the revenue trend here, Would you all generally expect maybe your first quarter revenue to kind of be the low for the year and you think it kind of slowly creeps up as we get into the second half or anything you can sort of comment on kind of qualitatively about your revenue direction?
Ballard
Yeah, I think the history really over the last 10 years supports that. We typically have a lower portion of revenue in H-1 and a higher portion, usually 40, 60, something like that. We're going to see something similar here this year, I think, based on the data points we have. But certainly, we'll provide additional color at the end of Q2 to see if there's any shift in that.
Rupert Mayer
Okay. Thanks, guys.
Alex
Great. Thank you.
Operator
The next question comes from Jonathan Lemers with BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Jonathan Lemers
Good morning. Randy, on the Linnemar Ballard concept vehicle shown at the ACT Expo this week, what needs to happen next before the partnership can begin a commercial relationship with an OEM to produce vehicles?
Ballard
Yeah, great question. I think this is a pretty important expo, the ACT Expo in Long Beach. this week where we're going to highlight that Linnemar Ballard Concept Class 2 powertrain in the Ram 2500 chassis. We see that there's a market opportunity for high utilization, light duty Class 2 trucks, and particularly those that return to base and can use centralized depot refueling. We're thinking here about work trucks for towing and hauling and piling, etc. And so I think Linamar has taken a very good look at this market opportunity and is also investing in technology like its conformable hydrogen storage tank technology that's being integrated into this platform. I think what we're going to see is, you know, testing in 2022 and 2023, sharing of that testing with OEMs, with Linamar and the OEM, particularly led by Linamar, and started to look at getting some of these products into the customer hands and looking to design the Linamar Ballard concept class two powertrain into a number of different vehicle platforms. That's going to take a number of years. Vehicle OEMs, if you look at kind of the design cycle, it's not something that we'll see a quick turnaround. But I think this is a longer term market opportunity that we see as very attractive and importantly, with a partner that's very committed.
Rupert Mayer
Okay, that's clear. Thank you.
Operator
The next question comes from Michael Glenn with Raymond James. Please go ahead.
Michael Glenn
Hey, Randy. You've spoken in the past about a revenue inflection point for the business taking place, say, 2024 and beyond. When you look at everything taking place right now, influenced your own view on when we should think about that revenue inflection taking place?
Ballard
Yeah, so Michael, I think that revenue inflection point, we've seen a number of factors that further support and strengthen that inflection point outlook. When I think about what's happening across all the verticals, bus, truck, rail, marine, now stationary applications that we're seeing in some off-road markets, Some of these customers and pilot projects and opportunities are progressing the way we had always contemplated. I'll give you the example of Siemens, where for three and a half years, we've been working very closely to develop this fuel cell engine for the Siemens Murillo Plus H train. It's now launched, and we'll see more activity from Siemens this year on that front. You know, at the InnoTrans conference, they'll be actually visually demonstrating this train. So I think it's a very, you know, I would say representative sample of the progress that we expected to see across the different verticals. So we do see the, you know, end users with high interest. I can tell you in the truck market, the end user demand is, you know, much more intense. than the vehicle OEMs in terms of the investment they're making. So that's why we're collaborating with these truck upfitters and early stage partners to accelerate market adoption. So yeah, the long, you know, that's the long version. The short version is yes. We see this inflection point occurring in that 2024, 2025 timeframe with a very steep growth curve through 2030. So this is very exciting, in my opinion. And I think the fact that we see this occurring across multiple verticals and multiple geographies with a variety of blue chip customers provides a lot of support to that foundation.
Michael Glenn
And just to go speak about competition a bit, there have been quite a few companies pursuing fuel cell development programs. So, for example, you spoke about the Doosan. Can you talk about what that process was like? How many companies you were competing with in terms of aligning yourselves with Doosan? And was that process, did you see a real step up in competition versus prior processes you've been a part of?
Ballard
Yeah, so Michael, I think all of these different verticals that we're talking about, the vehicle OEMs are very sophisticated. So, you know, Think about CP as an illustrative example as an end user, or think about the CAT Microsoft project, or think about Siemens that I just referred to, or partners in marine like ABB. Almost all the customers we're working with are very sophisticated and do their homework and diligence on the technology and test product and look at the data on field deployments. Doosan is very sophisticated on fuel cells, and we're very excited about this partnership with Doosan. And, yeah, they went through their process assessing Ballard technology against others. You know, I think we'll let them comment publicly on, you know, any more details on that process. But what I'd say is for us is that this provides a lot of leverage because Doosan is effectively going to be using stacks that we're already designing and manufacturing for our own fuel cell engines. So they'll be designing their engines and the control strategy for their engines in the Korean market bus market around our stack technology. So it gives us a lot of leverage and it opens a new geographic market. And I think there'll be lots of other opportunities for Ballard and Doosan to collaborate based on, I think, very strong Goodwill that's being developed between the two companies. So, you know having them as a strong partner in that Korean market And them validating through a very structured disciplined process the Ballard technology and field experience I think speaks volumes to where they see us But it you know to your point it is increasingly a competitive market. We believe we have a lead and And we're working hard to extend that lead with improved technology and lower cost.
Rupert Mayer
Thanks.
Operator
The next question comes from Samir Joshi with HC Wainwright. Please go ahead.
Samir Joshi
Hey, Andy. Hey, Bob. In the press release, I think you talk about development of next generation fuel stacks and engines for different target markets. Can you speak a little bit more on to that? Are these developments at the stack level, module level? What are the developments here?
Ballard
Yeah. So, you know, we continue to make investments in existing stack and module platforms while we're also designing next-generation stacks and next-generation modules for these markets that we've talked about, these verticals of bus, truck, rail, and marine. And where we see the ability to use that same stack technology in different verticals, for example, off-road, for example, stationary power, we look for that leverage additionally. So we're just talking here about higher performing products in most cases, actually higher power output products as well. And we're focused on all the things we always have been. So that's high power density, high efficiency, the different power ranges across these different market segments and getting leverage off those power ranges across the market segments. and more standardized product, including more standardized balance of plant components, things like compressors, humidifiers, et cetera. So that's what we're working on, and we see a product roadmap, which I think we'll share more on later this year in our investor and analyst day, that will position us very strongly across these verticals and across these geographies.
Samir Joshi
Got it. Thanks for that. And then just one on revenues. I think you have around 64.5 or 65 million of your backlog that you expect to deliver this year. Is there any chance that you may be able to accelerate or are there risks of delays because of various issues in Europe?
Ballard
Yes, Sameer, we see both. We certainly see opportunities to accelerate the order book for deliveries this year. We also see some delays, potential risks as well. So we'll see how the next quarter and the next, you know, before our call for Q2, we can provide some update there. But both, I think on the puts and takes, we'll have more to say at the end of Q2. But right now, clearly there are accelerant opportunities and clearly there are some risk opportunities as, you know, projects invariably are taking longer. And just on that front, I would highlight the supply chain. The lead times for a number of materials have moved out significantly. This isn't just for us, you know, across the industry, but also for our customers and their vehicle platforms. So I think that's going to be an important fact to watch over the next, you know, three to four months.
Rupert Mayer
Okay.
Samir Joshi
Thanks for that.
Rupert Mayer
I'll take my other questions offline. Thanks.
Alex
Thanks, Samir.
Operator
The next question comes from Rob Brown with Lake Street Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Rob Brown
Hi, Rani. My question's on the CP Rail project expansion. How is that sort of, you know, what's the expansion kind of trying to address and what drove that expansion and sort of how's the next steps on that project development?
Ballard
Yeah, good morning, Rob. Thanks for the question. And so when we started out with CP, they started out looking at what I'd call, you know, line freight locomotives, actually transporting goods on long lines. What they've added is two additional, I'll call them market segments, so switchers and shunters. So they now have three different locomotives, all diesel powered, that they're transitioning to hydrogen fuel cell technology. And so I think it'll be important in 2022 and 2023 as they validate that technology in these three different locomotive designs to look for an opportunity to start displacing what would typically be a diesel refurbishment with a hydrogen fuel cell refurbishment. So that's kind of the expansion. And CP has a very high level commitment to look at how to decarbonize. You know, I would say that the number one GHG emission profile they have, and that's the use of diesel fuel. So we're very excited about this market opportunity, and I believe this is a market that can only be served by hydrogen fuel cells.
Rupert Mayer
Thank you for that.
Rob Brown
And then in terms of the EU market development, I know you've got your partners and you're working toward things, but when do we sort of start to see the next steps in terms You know, demonstration vehicles and then ultimately OEM kind of product rollouts. How does that timeline look at this point?
Ballard
Yeah, great question. We're seeing pretty significant activity, I would say, on bus, truck and rail. I think you'll see developments this year in terms of additional market opportunities and, you know, translating to order book. What I think is really exciting is the very strong posture from the bus OEMs and their long-term market opportunity, as well as near-term, some projects that we're seeing that have over 100 fuel cell buses being planned for deployment. So we do see this moving to hundreds and thousands in the sales pipeline and eventually to the order book and eventually to revenue. And again, that posture that we're seeing is stronger than it's ever been. So we're very encouraged by what we're seeing on the market front. And similarly on the truck market, I think in 2022 and 2023, you're going to see a number of, you know, first time fuel cell truck deployments in Europe with Valor Technology with a number of different partners there. So we're pretty excited about the market opportunity on the truck side. That's going to take longer than the bus market to move to scale. But, you know, we've got to get these demonstration projects out. And I think you'll see more announcements from Ballard and partners on this front in 2022. Great. Thank you for that.
Rupert Mayer
I'll turn it over. Thanks, Rob.
Operator
Once again, if you have a question, please press a star, then one. The next question comes from Alex Kenya with Wolf Research. Please go ahead.
Alex Kenya
Thanks, and good morning. Just a question, maybe thinking about the European opportunities here. I know that they're due for a, I guess, a more detailed update on this repower EU strategy that they kind of came out with a couple months ago. Are there things that are most important to you that we should be looking at or most focused on with respect to maybe the hydrogen components of that policy statement?
Ballard
Yeah. So, Alex, a couple of points. This repower EU plan for affordable, secure, and sustainable energy has some very interesting levers in there, not just around hydrogen, but also around acceleration of permitting of renewable energy projects. And you just think about the trend of the adoption of renewable energy. Obviously, this has scaled significantly over the last decade. But it's still, I would say, very low volume compared to what we're going to see going forward. And so renewable energy in many jurisdictions is the lowest cost new electric power going on to grids. It's supporting the greening of grids and supporting the opportunity for electrification and mobility as well for battery electric. So I think, you know, the opportunity on renewable energy is critically important. Of course, you need high volume storage to support renewable energy. And we see hydrogen playing a very key role there. What I would say about the repower EU on the hydrogen front is that the hydrogen accelerator program to accelerate the adoption of green hydrogen In my mind, we've been talking over the last year really about somewhere around 100, maybe even 150 gigawatts of green electrolysis-based hydrogen production by 2030. The 2025 numbers would have been fairly modest. What we're seeing is an acceleration for 2025. In my mind, the most important variable that can help the adoption of fuel cell vehicles in volume is access to low-cost green hydrogen. And the developments here are very encouraging, and I've been saying this for some time to investors, that I believe we will see green hydrogen production at volumes much higher than are contemplated and planned currently, just given the level of activity that's occurring across the hydrogen industry globally. And that's going to decarbonize industrial applications, decarbonize some energy market opportunities, but I think going to provide a lot of green hydrogen capacity for the deployment of fuel cell vehicles in Europe. So in my mind, that's the most important lever that we can see is to remove this chicken and egg conundrum that's been talked about for 20 years. And of course, we're focused primarily on applications where you have return to base or centralized depot refueling. But the opportunity for long haul truck where you have fueling corridors that will be required and the support for green hydrogen production and the support for build out of hydrogen refueling infrastructure, I think will support that longer truck market, freight truck market that we're very excited about as well.
Alex
Great. Thank you very much.
Operator
This concludes the question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Randy McEwen, CEO, for enclosing remarks.
Ballard
Great. Thank you all for joining us today.
Alex
And Paul, Kate, and I look forward to speaking with you next quarter. Thanks again.
Operator
This concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines. Thank you for participating and have a pleasant day.
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