Colony Bankcorp, Inc.

Good morning ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Colony Bank 3 quarter 2023 conference call. At this time all lines are in listen only mode. Following the presentation we will conduct a question and answer session. If at any time during this call you require immediate assistance please press star 0 for the operator. This call is being recorded today October 26, 2023. I will now like to turn the conference over to the Director-General and Chief Financial Officer. Please go ahead.

Thanks Sergio. Before we get started I would like to go through our standard disclosures. Certain statements we make on this call could be constituted as forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Current prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees for future performance but involve known and unknown risk and uncertainty. Factors that could cause these differences include but are not limited to pandemic variations of the company's assets, businesses, cash flows, financial condition, prospects, and other results of operations. I would also like to add that during our call today we will reference both our earnings release and our quarterly investor presentation, both of which were filed yesterday. So please have those available to reference. And with that I will turn the call over to our Chief Executive Officer, Heath Fountain.

Thanks Derek. I want to thank everyone for being on the call today and for your interest in Colony. We're pleased with our results for the third quarter as we continue to navigate a challenging and changing economic environment. Our earnings increased over last quarter as we began to see the results of many strategic initiatives we've been working on over the past several quarters and will continue to work on in the quarters to come. I'm going to share an overview of the activity from the quarter and then hand it over to who's going to go into more detail on the results. Our net interest income for the quarter increased as we continued to diligently navigate the way we price loans and manage our customer relationships on the deposit side. We also saw a full impact of some earlier strategies such as the hedging we put in place in Q2 which has positively benefited our interest expense. We're glad to share that our non-interest incomes increased quarter over quarter and it represents about 33% of our total revenue. We've seen increases in our newer complementary lines of business as well as increases in deposit related charges and fees. We remain focused on growing our complementary lines of business and feel it's important to diversify our non-interest income sources especially with those that are less sensitive to the rate in economic environments. There's certainly been some slowdown in our mortgage division driven by the current rate environment and we continue to make changes there to our staffing and product mix in order to achieve break even there. We're really proud of our non-interest expense efforts. Non-interest expenses declined half a million dollars from last quarter. Teams worked really hard over the past several quarters to reduce expenses in order to be more complementary to the moderate growth projections and we're seeing the impact of those efforts. Even though we're mindful of the expenses and we do look at that alongside our long term strategies and we've been able even with the expense initiatives to continue to invest in technology and infrastructure that will benefit our customers now and in the future. This past quarter we went live with a new data warehouse and API technology that will allow us to better manage and use our data. It will also allow us to integrate other platforms and fintech products with our core. We think this is a big step forward in our long term innovation strategy and it's going to have positive impacts on how we serve our customers, how we market our products and enhance our operations and profitability. We also continue to look for opportunities to add to our team through strategic hires where it will enhance long term strategy even while we have seen decreases in our overall staffing levels. Asset quality remains strong. We saw a decrease in non performing loans from the prior quarter. Our provision was up this quarter and our net chargeoffs were up primarily due to a few SBA loans from our SPSL division where the portion of the loan that's not government guaranteed was charged off. We mentioned this last quarter that we were seeing some weakness there and of course our portfolio is primarily variable rate loans and so they've seen the most increases quickly in their payments. This is an area where we may see some small chargeoffs going forward but really it was a small number of loans impacted and our team is doing a good job of managing those. Our loan growth slowed from the previous quarter to annualized rate of about 6%. A lot of the growth came from consumer, particularly marine RV during this season, the summer buying season. We expect that our loan portfolio growth for this and our overall portfolio to continue to slow for the next few quarters. Our total deposits were down a little from last quarter and historically we've seen a slight dip in the third quarter. Our deposit base is very diversified. We have a slide on that in the investor presentation but we do see some seasonality from municipalities as they spend down during the year and from our rural customer base in agriculture as we see the activity there and we would generally expect both of those segments to increase in the fourth quarter as agricultural producers sell crops and as municipalities see property tax payments come in. Our total deposits are still up for the whole year despite being down for the quarter. They're up about 4% for the whole year. Our margin was flat quarter over quarter, actually increased one basis point. The repricing of deposits has slowed but the environment remains competitive and we will continue to see our overall cost of funds increase. While we stayed flat our modeling shows we could see still a potential for another 5 to 10 basis points of margin compression over the next quarter or two. So with that I'm going to turn it over to Derek to go over the financials in a little more detail.

Thanks Heath. I'll begin with our earnings for the quarter. Net income increased about $502,000 quarter over quarter and when we compared to the prior quarter we saw net interest income increased $440,000, non-interest income increased $766,000, and non-interest expense declined by $551,000. Interest income increased during the quarter as we remained focused on loan pricing relative to our funding costs. While growth in some areas has slowed we did see growth in consumer loans especially in our marine and RV division through the summer buying season. As Heath mentioned we do expect that marine RV lending to slow as we move into the end of the year and out of that traditional buying season. We've also had some repricing on loans as they renew which has also helped a little. Interest expense on deposits also increased during the quarter as competition on deposit pricing still remains strong and we also continue to see some mix in rate changes on existing deposits. Where we saw improvement on the interest expense side is with our FHLB borrowing. Average balances for the quarter were down compared with last quarter and we also had a full quarter of the hedging strategy we put into place at the end of Q2 which has helped us both from the initial positive carry on the swaps and the hedge against the increase in borrowing rates that we've seen recently. We did see an increase in the end of quarter FHLB balances which I will discuss here in a minute when I talk about deposits and funding. With non-interest income, the increase in non-interest income during the quarter is a product of several different components. On slide 16 and 17 in the investor presentation we show a representation of how the mix has changed over the recent years and recent quarters. From deposit relationship related income the net increase in service charges and interchange fees was about $244,000 for the quarter. The non-interest income component from our SPSL division increased about $163,000 during the quarter. Mortgage division income did decrease by $284,000 as we see slowing in that industry due to the rate environment. The colony insurance division saw a revenue increase of $66,000 and non-interest income from colony wealth advisors increased $26,000 and merchant services income increased $10,000 during the quarter. All other non-interest income increased about $564,000 and some of that was one-time items. So for the next quarter and going forward we don't expect quite that same level of increase and really we kind of see this non-interest income remaining flat or even slightly down in some areas. With non-interest expense we have been focused on operation efficiency and managing expenses throughout the year. The decline in non-interest expenses quarter over quarter is a result of those efforts. Our net NIE to assets was .96% in the fourth quarter of 2022 and we've since seen that number decline with our third quarter this year being at .42% on an operating basis. So a lot of improvement there. Total non-interest expenses for the quarter were ,881,000 and ,661,000 excluding some final severance expenses from our reduction in portion initiative. We still feel comfortable with our expected run rate around ,000,000 a quarter and remain focused on managing expenses to align with our strategy in the current environment. Provision expense totaled ,000,000 for the quarter. Net loan charge-offs were $898,000 which is up from $200,000 in the prior quarter. On last quarter's call we mentioned the possibility of seeing some charge-offs from SBA loans and these charge-offs were on the non-government guaranteed portion of a limited number of loans and that totaled a net of $714,000. Non-performing loans decreased quarter over quarter by about 17% and we still feel good about the overall credit quality in the portfolio. Total loans increased about $25.1 million which is less than the previous quarter as we continue to see slowdown in overall growth there. As we previously mentioned a lot of the growth came from the consumer loans in the Marine RV division. We expect overall loan growth to continue to slow over the next few quarters. Total deposits decreased $36 million during the quarter. This is related to the seasonality of a small portion of our deposits particularly the municipal and government deposits as well as some agricultural type deposits as Heath mentioned earlier. And historically, you know, looking back especially pre-COVID we see a small dip in the third quarter as these uni-deposits and ag-deposits kind of run off but then see increases in the fourth quarter as property tax payments come in and as crops are sold by some of our rural agricultural type deposits. Our FHLB borrowings increased $30 million during the quarter and this was really towards the end of the quarter. This was a short-term advance and we expect this to be repaid as we see those municipal funds come in during the fourth quarter. Taking a look at the margin, we've seen some stability that has kept our increases in liability costs more aligned with our earning asset increases. This led to margin essentially being flat quarter over quarter. I don't think we're necessarily out of the woods yet and we remain disciplined on pricing any new loans or renewals relative to our current funding costs and the expectation of any increases in those cost of funds going forward. There's still many factors that could cause margin to decline a little more before we see it start to increase. Overall, liquidity remains robust and we outlined the various sources of liquidity on slide 15 in the presentation. We have over $1.3 billion in total liquidity and liquidity sources available. We didn't have any discount window or other Federal Reserve borrowings at the end of the quarter and did not have any outstanding borrowings from any of our Fed funds lines. With investments, we haven't seen a lot of activity in the securities portfolio throughout the year. We've deployed the cash flow elsewhere on the balance sheet and primarily to fund our loan growth. We continue to evaluate the portfolio and market conditions to assess the possibility of some restructuring there in the securities portfolio and then redeploying some of those proceeds. These funds could be redeployed to achieve a better position from both an earnings and ALM perspective. Some of the important factors that we consider or look at as part of just evaluating any type of restructure in a securities portfolio, really the market conditions are reasonable, earned back under a couple of years, no loss that's greater than a portion of our quarterly earnings as to not erode capital and then understanding the best use of those proceeds. One last comment about taxes for the quarter. There was a little increase in our tax rate from the prior quarters. We've been close to 18 to 19% ETR and that moved up to around 22% for Q3. This is a result of increased TEPHRA disallowance related to our tax for the municipal, which is driven by an increase in our overall cost of funds. So going forward, we expect a range of about 20 to 22% on that as we see that increase slightly just related to that TEPHRA disallowance. And now I will turn it over to Dee to discuss our banking and business line.

Thanks, Derek. First, I want to touch on a few things on the banking side of the house. As Heath and Derek mentioned, we are seeing long growth slow. We expect that to continue over the next several quarters. We really are seeing very little volume at all on the commercial real estate side. Really, that's more of a result of the pricing in today's market to maintain, to make sure that we can maintain a proper margin as well as there's just a generally slowing demand with the increase in borrowing costs in the marketplace. We have not really changed any of our underwriting standards there. We've made pretty consistent throughout the cycle. So I guess my point there would end up being it's not a credit driven slowdown. It's really more of an environment and pricing slowdown. The long growth we are seeing is coming from RV and Marine, as Heath and Derek both mentioned, and as well, the funding up of consumer residential construction loans as those houses are continuing to be built. We have implemented a number of efforts to see our fee income increase, some on the consumer side, as well as some fees on the treasury side as well for the business customers. We did see some of that benefit this quarter, but we would expect to see a greater benefit during the first quarter and going forward. So I think that should be a positive for us going forward. We are having success and winning new business on the treasury side. We've actually reduced the overall team through part of our expense initiatives, but we have been able to add back a couple of strong producers that have come from larger, more regional banks that have strong relationships and are giving us opportunities to get in front of some really good, significant customers. Our bankers are also focused on deepening the relationships. This has helped us, as you have seen, and I'll talk a little bit more on that on slide seven, but it's helped us drive more revenue with merchant service business and also with our insurance businesses. In addition to that, our branches have made a lot of progress in the referral and sales activity, which we are very proud of. Our bankers are also focused on staying in touch with our long customers. We're reviewing the business performance of all of our major relationships and proactively addressing any weaknesses that we see, but as Heath stated earlier, we still feel confident about where we stand from the overall credit on our own portfolio. As you can see on slide seven, we have continued to focus on getting our startup lines profitable. RV Marine, with the growth there, has reached profitability this quarter. Our merchant team is very close and is continuing to make progress there monthly as we have great additions to new customers on a daily and weekly basis, so that trajectory looks good going forward. In addition, the Alabama team is making great progress on the environment where the growth has been more limited. The profitability there is either going to be driven through increasing loans, deposits, of course, or as we continue to manage expenses diligently for the overall company. If you look at the height of that investment, we have improved $500,000 on a quarterly improvement or $2 million on an annualized basis from the height of our investment in these startups. We expect to see continued progress to the performance on all of these business lines. I do want to take a minute and touch on mortgage and SBSL. First, from an operational perspective on mortgage, we continue to focus on break even during this environment. As Derek touched on earlier, we did have a small loss for the quarter, but we are actively adjusting staffing levels to be in line with current demand. We have also changed several of our product offerings and removed a few as we continually evaluate what works in today's environment with the elevated interest rates for both our customers and for the bank. Pricing is important. Our focus mainly today is on the secondary market and the prices, making sure we are pricing loans that can be sold to the secondary market. We've pretty much eliminated the portfolio products and the construction firm product at this point with the exception of very strong customer relationships where we need to take care of those long-term colony customers. We think mortgage is important to our long-term success as a community bank, so we are committed to it. We are just very actively managing it in today's environment to make sure there's not an overall drag on performance. Our SBSL division, we're working on building and implementing a system for the smaller dollar 7A loans. Our hope is that that should be in place during the fourth quarter. We will be able to see some positives in the fourth quarter, but really starting into the first quarter of next year, we will see some good revenue generation from that. We have seen slowing from the larger loan demand, as you can imagine with the floating rates that go with the SBSL portfolio. It has slowed demand. So that is part of our moving focus to those smaller 7A loans as well. We did see, as we stated earlier, a decrease in classified and criticized loans from the prior quarter in SBSL, and we had a decrease in non-performing loans from the prior quarter as well. The one, as we talked about earlier, from a charge-off standpoint in SBSL, it was from a few smaller loans that we had talked about last quarter. I think there was a good improvement there from a quarter over quarter of what we are seeing coming negatively into the pipeline. I'll stop there and hand it back over to Heath.

Thanks, Dean. Appreciate those comments. That really wraps up our prepared remarks, and with that, we'll call on Sergio to open the line up for questions.

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now begin the question and answer session. Should you have a question, please press star 1. If you want to withdraw your question, please press star 2. Your questions will be poled in the order they are received. If you are using a speakerphone, please lift the handset before pressing any keys. One moment, please, for your first question. Your first question comes from Fedy Stuclan from Jany Montgomery Scott. Please go ahead. Hey, good morning, gentlemen.

Just wanted to start with the incremental cost of raising new deposits today. What are new deposits coming on at, and how much variation do you see among different parts of your program?

Yeah, that's a good question. I think it's changed over the course of the quarter. I think, you know, the beginning of the quarter, we were seeing a little bit less pressure on deposits and a little less competitive compared to the prior quarter. But as we got towards the end of the quarter, and I would say into the environment we're in today, it's moved probably from needing to be in the high fours to bring in new business to in the low fives to bring in new business on the deposit side. So we have seen that move up a little bit towards the end of the quarter, but that's sort of the area we are at to bring in new money.

Understood. And along those same lines as we appear to be near the end of the hiking cycle potentially, how are you thinking about cycle to date total deposit betas? I think I've pegged that around 29% today. Could we see that rise into the mid-30s just as there's a little bit of catch-up on deposits? Or do you think you're more or less near the peak on deposit costs?

No, I think we're going to see that continue to rise. I mean the unknown there, right, is what we may or may not see the Fed continuing to do. Assuming we level out into this higher for longer, somewhere around now, I think that we could see rates stabilize, but if we get increases, we're going to see that continue to move up some. So it's pretty hard to predict, but I guess as we look at the beta, when we look towards the end of the quarter, we're up to the high 30s cycle. Today, and so I think we will see that creep up a little more if rates stabilize, just the catch-up of getting rates to where they need to be.

That makes sense. Switching gears, Heath, I know you talked about expense initiatives, some technology investments, do hires, and you had some good information on the deck, it seems like there's some near-term expenses should stay flat or maybe come down a little bit, we'll just see. But can you talk about longer term over the course of 24, what we should expect in terms of an expense growth rate for the year? Should we look at something low single digits, mid single digits, just trying to think about net net, how much we see expenses potentially rise over the course of the year?

Yeah, sure. And so, obviously, expense management is really on our radar, the biggest piece there being the headcount piece of that, and we've seen good progress there. As we go into next year and our budgeting and our discussions, we've talked a lot about we've got to manage the inflation costs on our current team that we have in place relative to overall expenses and find ways to continue to improve that and manage that. I think you'll see expenses flatten out and then we'll look to continue to maintain a... When they start going back up, because they will at some point, you'll see low single digit type increases, except if we have the opportunity to generate revenue. And so, we're really focused on that net non-interest expense to average assets, which Derek mentioned that we drove down from... I think it actually at one point peaked a little over to under to like 142 on an operating base and so there's some moving pieces there that we have to consider, right? Like on the mortgage side, that could improve as we continue to adjust there. But we'd also look to add on any other revenue generating lines of business we can if we can get an immediate pickup to net NIE to assets. And so, with our non-interest side, non-interest or complementary lines of business, those are going to add non-interest expense obviously, but improve that net NIE to assets. So, on the expense side, I think it will start creeping up a little bit at some point next year, but I think we can continue to improve that net NIE to assets a little bit. And then at some point, we're going to get to a place where mortgage will level off in the environment and you could see that improve. It'll increase total expenses, but it'll help us improve that net NIE to assets. So, that's where we're really focused on that net NIE to assets. So, I hope that helps you kind of understand how we're thinking about it.

No, that's very helpful. Just one last question for me. As you look to slow loan growth, do you think over the course of 24, you could potentially look at reducing the level of brokerage over time and replace that with core deposits, maybe giving you a little bit of tailwind in the back of the year on some deposit costs, assuming we have a Fed pause?

Yeah, we definitely want to get work on that mixture. And so, that's something as we look at between loan growth slowing and the cash flow off the loan portfolio and off the investment portfolio, opportunities to knock out some higher cost funding. Anything we do on the high end, we try to keep short as we can so that we have opportunities to pay that off. I guess the other thing to think about that, as Derek mentioned, we continue to look for opportunities to restructure. And obviously, with incremental borrowing costs where they are, any kind of restructure that we could look at doing a likely candidate for the proceeds of that would be borrowing costs.

Understood. Thanks for the call, guys. Thank you, Teddy.

Thank you. Your next question comes from David Bishop from the HOPD group. Please go ahead.

Yeah, thank you. Good morning,

gentlemen.

Hey, Derek. Just curious, I saw the slide deck in terms of some of the future initiatives to drive profitability. I know on the long-term objectives, and maybe it's unanswerable at this standpoint, but getting the five complementary lines of business to that $1 million in net income, is that going to be a function for some of these, just a volume to take advantage of scale in some of these segments? Just curious, what's the biggest driver to get you to, or what has to happen to get to this $1 million level?

Sure. So, when you look at what we're doing on the merchant side, on the insurance side, on the wealth side, those three lines of business, those are more dependent on the referral network from the bank. Those lines of business are what I would call infant stage at Colony. We've only really within the last quarter or two, had the ability from our CRM and data perspective to get information out in front of our bankers, and going into the next few quarters, the ability to take that data and actually do proactive marketing with it. And so I mentioned our data warehouse and our API connections. So, the ability to take our internal data and be able to use that to cross-sell and to market to our current customers has really been more on a manual basis than an automated basis. So, we haven't even really scratched the surface of opportunity there. So, you've got those three lines that are very early on in their ability to produce income and aren't at those levels. And then, with SBA, our SPSL group and mortgage, those are groups that were producing income above those obviously everybody knows about the challenges on the mortgage side. That will level out at some point and we will be able to get there. And then, on the SPSL, as Dee mentioned, we did pull back a little bit this quarter in profitability, but a lot of that was related to those charge-offs coming from the SPSL group. And so, that's a group that should easily be over those levels consistently. So, that's kind of the areas that we're focused on. And there's a lot of upside opportunity for those areas, especially that are dependent on the bank referrals. And we're just, like I said, just beginning to scratch the surface on the opportunity there.

God, that's great color. And then, Steve, maybe just from a holistic standpoint, and Dee mentioned the pullback in lending from a conservatism, just a band, not credit. Just curious as you look out, do you think this environment is a low single-digit growth, -single-digit growth environment as you put on your forecasting hat?

Yeah, I think continuing to see slowdown, but growth for the remainder of the year. And again, obviously, as you're forecasting, you've got to think about a lot of things out of our control with the Fed and the economy. But if kind of things outlook stays similar to now, I could see it being flat or even maybe slightly negative into the first part of next year from a loan perspective. So, that's kind of where we think it'll go.

Got it. And then just, I know, Dee, you mentioned a little bit of a delay in terms of a launch of the Alabama LPO. Just curious, maybe, what's driving that lag? Just giving a, you know, it's typically thought of as a pretty robust market. Is it just the market-conditioned interest rates? Just curious, maybe an update what you're seeing in terms of loans and deposits in that market?

Yeah, the Birmingham, if you really look at its profitability there, is going to be driven through acquisition of deposits and through loan growth. And again, it's a base environment. It's not market-driven, but it's an environment of slowdown. I'll say the team over there has done a good job in bringing on C&I customers' loan relationships that go with that. I'm sorry, I didn't hear you. It's just a bit of a swallowing of the long side. And you have to be a little

bit

more sensitive about that.

Dee, you were cutting out a little bit, but I'll just add to that comment, Dave. I think, you know, when we started those initiatives, you know, the expectations were to grow loans faster than we have. I would again repeat what I said earlier. We really haven't changed our credit metrics, but our desire, you know, from a pricing perspective and a willingness to, you know, concede on pricing is not there in this environment. And so it just, you know, between that and between the customer side, you know, not as much activity. So the real estate side's just pretty much gone. It just takes longer to develop deposit and C&I type relationships. Our team's really doing a great job over there. We are very committed and happy about that from a long-term perspective. It's just the will take a little longer. And we've reduced some on the expense side from that to match the growth expectations as well.

Right. Do you have the dollar amount of loans outstanding at quarter end?

We do. We put that in our earnings release. I believe it's about 40 something million, 45 million at the end of the quarter. And, you know, that, if you look at that, you know, it increased significantly as we first got going, you know, third quarter last year going from seven to 21, then to 41. And then since then, it's been slower, 41 to 44 to 45. So just a little bit slower to 23 at this point.

Perfect. Appreciate the color.

Yep. Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, as our reminders, will you have a question? Please press star one. There are no further questions at this time. You may proceed.

All right. Well, thank you again, everyone, for being on the call. Thank you for your support of Colony Bank Corps. We appreciate you being on the call and look forward to talking to you soon. That concludes our call.

Thanks. Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes your conference call for today. We thank you for participating and ask that you please disconnect your lines. Thank you.