Dave Inc.

Good afternoon, everyone, and thank you for participating in today's conference call to discuss Dave's financial results for the first quarter ended March 31st, 2026. Joining us today are Dave's CEO, Mr. Jason Wilk, and the company's CFO and COO, Mr. Kyle Bauman. By now, everyone should have access to the first quarter, 2026 earnings press release, which was issued today after the market closed. The release is available in the investor relations section of Dave's website at investors.dave.com. This call will also be available for webcast replay on the company's website. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question, please press star 1-1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1-1 again. Certain comments made during this conference call and webcast are considered forward-looking statements under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties, as well as assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are also subject to other risks and uncertainties that are described from time to time in the company's filings with the SEC, Do not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements which are being made only as of the date of this call. The company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements except as required by law. The company's presentation also includes certain non-GAAP financial measures, including adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted net income, non-GAAP gross profit, non-GAAP gross margin, adjusted earnings per share, and compensation expense excluding stock-based compensation as supplemental measures of performance of our business. All non-GAAP measures have been reconciled to the most directly comparable GAAP measures in accordance with SEC rules. You will find reconciliation tables and other important information in the earnings press release and Form 8K furnished with the SEC. I would now like to turn the call over to Dave's CEO, Mr. Jason Wilk. Please go ahead.

Good afternoon and thank you all for joining us.

2026 is off to a strong start at Dave. Revenue grew 47% year over year to $158.4 million and adjusted EBITDA grew 57% to $69.3 million at a 44% margin. On the strength of this print and what we're seeing thus far in Q2, we are raising full year guidance across all three dimensions. There are three key takeaways I want every investor to take away from this call. The first is credit performance resulting from Cash AI v5.5 drove our lowest Q1 loss rate on record. Our 28 days past due metric, which we believe investors should use to assess true credit performance at Dave, is down to 1.69%, marking a one basis point improvement year on year and down 85 basis points from three years ago. This result underscores how much control we have over our credit outcomes as a result of years of significant investment and training in our models. The second is we once again demonstrated the durability of our growth algorithm to sustain mid-teens member growth and low double-digit ARPU growth. Despite the usual Q1 seasonal tax refund season and expanded refunds compared to years past, we were still able to grow ARPU 24% year-over-year and multi-transacting members by 18%. We now have a total of 2.99 million MPMs, which is still a small fraction of the overall 185 million customer TAM and we believe we're still early in our journey to drive incremental ARPU. Lastly, we launched our new pay-in-for-credit product. We officially put our newest product in the hands of a small group of members to trial. I want to congratulate the team on their hard work for reaching this milestone. Turning to our growth pillars, starting with member acquisition, we added 695,000 new members in Q1, up 22% year-over-year, at a customer acquisition cost of $18. That CAC is flat year over year and improved 11% sequentially, which is better than expected given Q1 is typically our most challenging quarter for marketing efficiency due to tax refund dynamics reducing credit demand. Our gross profit payback period improved in nearly three months in Q1, which gives us increasing confidence to continue scaling member acquisition throughout 2026. Moving to our second pillar, engagement through extra cash. Originations reached $2.1 billion, up 37% year-over-year, driven by growth in MTMs and average origination size. MTMs grew 18% as a result of improving conversion and reactivation alongside strong retention rates. Average extra cash size increased 10% due largely to impacts from Cashier ID 5.5, which was deployed in late Q3 of last year. Sequentially, origination size was moderately lower at 212, reflecting the impact of higher tax refunds late in the quarter. That dynamic has already begun to reverse. Average size rebounded to 214 in April. We expect origination sizes to improve with continued V5.5 model optimizations and the forthcoming V6 model that we expect to begin testing within the next couple of months. Moving to our third pillar, deepening engagement. Dave's debit card spend was $534 million in Q1, up 9%. Growth here continues to be attributed to the natural synergy of Extra Cash and DaveCard, as there have been no new initiatives aimed at debit volume growth, while we focus our efforts on new credit products to drive deeper engagement. Before turning it over to Kyle, I want to provide a few strategic updates, starting off with our new Pay-In-For card product, which we're officially calling DaveFlex. DaveFlex is designed as a responsible alternative to traditional credit cards, with balances paid back in up to four simple installments aligned with your paycheck date. No compound interest, no late fees, and no credit check. We believe this product is competitively positioned against the predatory fees of subprime credit cards and the heavy friction associated with BNPL since DaveFlex can be used at any online or offline merchant without the need to reapply with each use. DaveFlex supports each element of our growth pillars as we expect it to be a driver of customer acquisition, expand our credit capabilities, and deepen engagement of existing members. Importantly, DaveFlex uses Cash AI to power 100% of the underwriting, giving us a meaningful edge over incumbent credit card products that rely on FICO, which we believe will lead to greater customer access and superior credit performance. As promised, we began testing DaveFlex with existing members last month. Early engagement has been encouraging, and we plan to share more once we have more data on performance. We do not expect DaveFlex to contribute meaningful revenue in 2026, and it is not embedded in our guidance. Our focus this year is to test, learn, and optimize member lifetime value before scaling in 2027. We believe products like Extra Cash and Dayflex, which leverage short-duration credit to drive share of wallet, is what really differentiates Dayflex from our scaled neobank competitors. The bulk of our roadmap is stacked on our responsible short-duration credit initiatives, which we believe will further enable us to achieve our medium-term growth algorithm. As such, we have updated our strategic statement to better capture our focus. which is the day of the U.S. Neobank pioneering innovative credit products for everyday Americans. Next, regarding our partnership with Coastal Community Bank, which remain on track to begin transitioning extra cash receivables to the new off-balance sheet funding structure this summer, which will begin unlocking meaningful liquidity and reduce our cost of capital. Lastly, on the DOJ matter, we have no material update and continue to vigorously defend our position. In closing, 2026 is off to a tremendous start, We are executing well against our stated growth algorithm and credit performance is excelling. I want to thank our team who make all this possible. With that, I will turn the call to Kyle.

Thanks, Jason, and good afternoon, everyone. Q1 was a strong start to the year, marked by durable revenue growth, disciplined marketing investment, and continued strong credit performance. Together, those factors drove another quarter of outsized adjusted EBITDA and EPS growth and support the guidance raised we are announcing today. our eighth consecutive quarter of increasing guidance on all metrics. Today, I will cover the key drivers underlying the quarter, credit and provision mechanics, an update on capital allocation, and our revised outlook. For a more detailed review of our KPIs, please refer to the earnings supplement on our IR website. Revenue was $158.4 million, representing 47% growth year-over-year. Growth was driven by 18% MTM growth and 24% ARPU expansion, both ahead of our medium-term growth algorithm. Underneath those headline numbers, new member conversion, dormant member reactivation, and retention all contributed, and repeat originations from members with an average tenure of close to two years continue to anchor the book. For those newer to the Dave story, Q1 is seasonally our softest quarter. driven by tax refunds which temporarily reduced demand for extra cash. As a result, the number of extra cash disbursements declined 5% sequentially, consistent with the range we have observed in every Q1 since 2021. This was the primary driver of the 3% sequential decline in revenue. Average extra cash size was down modestly from $214 to $212 sequentially, reflecting higher than normal tax refunds per member. It is worth noting that Q1 of last year benefited from the step-up in extra cash approval limits we implemented as part of our fee model transition. Both average origination size and disbursement volume have rebounded in April, and we expect continued expansion in Q2 and beyond. In terms of forward-looking color on top-line drivers, in addition to the optimism we have about the potential impact of Cash AI v6.0, We also have a series of initiatives aimed at improving average origination sizes, monetization rates, and therefore ARPU in the near term. The first is removing our $15 fee cap for new members, which enables more members to achieve higher limits now that the risk is appropriately monetized. Second, we addressed a common member pain point, where if you hadn't utilized your entire extra cash limit, the additional amount wasn't accessible within that pay period. This new feature, which we are calling Second Draw, solves that problem and enables members more flexibility, which we believe should help with overall credit utilization and therefore average origination size. Second Draw is now available to all eligible members as of last month. Now turning to credit and provision. As Jason noted, the underlying credit picture continued to improve meaningfully in the first quarter. Our 28 day pass due rate of 1.69% was a Q1 record, improving both sequentially and year over year, even with originations up 37%. This was the first quarter we have seen DPD improve year over year since transitioning to the new fee model. When we moved to that structure, we deliberately expanded the credit box while Cash AI iterated. Three quarters of optimization later, loss rates are back below where we started. That momentum has continued into Q2 and should expand upon rolling out Cash AI v6.0 over the coming months. On provision for credit losses, the sequential increase was mechanical and calendar-driven. The underlying book performed 10% better than Q4 on a 28 DPD rate basis. The metrics that incorporate credit performance, DPD rate, net monetization rate, and revenue per origination net of losses all improved sequentially and year-over-year, which we believe is the more meaningful signal. Consistent with the expectation we set last quarter, Q1 ended on a Tuesday, typically the intra-week peak in outstanding receivables. Higher extra cash balances at the measurement date mechanically drive a higher loss reserve, even when the underlying loss content on those receivables is trending lower. Had Q1 ended on the prior Friday, the provision would have been approximately $5 million lower and non-GAAP gross margin would have been approximately 75%. Importantly, because Q1 already absorbed the elevated reserve with that Tuesday watermark, we do not expect Q2 ending on a Tuesday to adversely impact provision in the same way it did in Q1. Furthermore, Q3 and Q4 ending on a Wednesday and Thursday, respectively, should provide a tailwind for loss provision as a percentage of originations and gross margin in those periods. Non-GAAP gross profit was $114.4 million, up 37% year-over-year. Non-GAAP gross margin was 72%, which is consistent with the low 70s framework we guided to in March, and we expect Q1 to represent the low point for the year. Given the improving DPD trend and more favorable calendar dynamics ahead, we now expect non-GAAP gross margin to expand into the mid-70s for the balance of the year. In terms of marketing, Q1 was our seasonal low by design. We moderated investment given the typical softness and extra cash demand during tax refund season. For the balance of 2026, we plan to expand marketing spend above fourth quarter 2025 levels while maintaining our discipline on investment returns. On fixed costs, compensation expense grew 1% year over year and 11% sequentially. We typically see a modest bump in Q1 related to seasonally elevated payroll taxes. Additionally, we began making targeted investments in product development headcount as previously communicated. To size that investment, we expect to move from under 300 employees as of the end of last year to around 325 by the end of this year, representing an annualized incremental expense of approximately $10 million. we continue to run a highly efficient platform with what we believe is one of the strongest revenue per employee businesses in the industry. As revenue scales throughout the balance of the year, we expect operating leverage to continue to build thereafter. Following it all together, adjusted EBITDA was 69.3 million, up 57% year over year at a 44% margin. That is approximately 300 basis points of year over year margin expansion and consistent with our commitment to deliver ongoing annual EBITDA margin improvement. GAAP net income was $57.9 million, up 101%. Adjusted net income was $52.3 million, up 61%, and adjusted diluted EPS was $3.64, up 64%, reflecting the combined benefit of operating performance and the reduction in share count from Q1 repurchases. Given that our share repurchases in Q1 occurred entirely in March, Q2 will begin to experience a full quarter's benefit of their impact. In terms of capital allocation, Q1 was a meaningful quarter for per share value accretion. We deployed $194.9 million into share repurchases and restricted stock unit net settlements, reducing our basic share count from $13.6 million at year end of 2025 to $12.7 million at the end of Q1. a reduction of approximately 6% sequentially. In early March, we completed $200 million zero-coupon convertible notes offering, generating 175.7 million of net proceeds. We simultaneously repurchased $70 million of common stock in a privately negotiated transaction with the convertible note holders and continued buying shares in the open market for the remainder of the quarter. We have approximately 113.3 million in remaining capacity under our share repurchase authorization, which we expect to continue to utilize opportunistically. Our capital priorities remain the same. First, invest in organic growth where we are generating returns that are multiples of our cost of capital. Second, operationalize the coastal funding structure. Third, return capital through share repurchases using our excess cash. when risk-adjusted returns exceed those of alternatives. Our objective is simple. We intend to allocate capital to maximize value for shareholders, and Q1 was a strong proof point of us doing it at scale. We remain on track to transition extra cash receivables to the Coastal Off-Balance Sheet funding structure this summer. At full implementation, we expect to unlock over $200 million in incremental liquidity, reduce our cost of capital, and repay our existing credit facility. As a reminder, the fees paid to Coastal under this arrangement will be recognized as an operating expense that will burden non-GAAP gross profit and gross margin, but will be added back for adjusted EBITDA purposes. Now turning to guidance. Based on Q1 results and the trajectory we see in the business, we are raising 2026 guidance across all three metrics. We now expect full year revenue of $710 to $720 million. representing growth of approximately 28% to 30%. Additionally, we are raising adjusted EBITDA guidance to 305 to 315 million. Lastly, we are raising adjusted diluted EPS to a range of $16.25 to $16.75, up from $14 to $15. This represents year-over-year growth of approximately 43% to 47% on a tax rate adjusted basis, reflecting both strong operating performance and the meaningful reduction in share count from Q1 repurchases. All figures assume a 23% effective tax rate. The execution we have demonstrated over the last several years, consistently raising guidance while improving credit and scaling originations, has carried into 2026. Cash AI continues to sharpen. Our competitive position continues to strengthen, and we believe we have a clear and executable path to deliver on our medium-term growth algorithm while creating outside shareholder value. With that, we will conclude our prepared remarks. Operator, please open the line for questions.

Thank you. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 1-1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1-1 again. One moment for questions. And our first question comes from Andrew Jeffrey with William Blair. You may proceed.

Thanks. I appreciate the time this afternoon, guys. I wanted to ask about, Jason, maybe your comments around focusing on engagement, particularly in the context of Dave Card volume, the growth of which deceled a little bit this quarter. It sounds like that's less, at least of a near-term focus for you in terms of engagement as you turn your eyes to to Flex and Cash AI 6.0. I wonder if you could just kind of unpack that a little bit for us.

Yeah, sure. Thanks for the question. So, look, when I think about deepening engagement, specifically through card, we believe have a much differentiated offering through the Dave Flex product, just given our advantages in underwriting, but also the fact there's just far less friction associated with winning card spend when we're provisioning credit versus asking someone to switch their direct deposit. we found there's very little differentiation amongst all the skilled neobanks on debit card offerings. And therefore, we're going to maintain the natural synergy between extra cash and the debit card to drive natural volume there. But we do think there's a massive opportunity with Dave Lex to make that a skilled product and be a real differentiator amongst our peers.

Okay. Yeah, I look forward to that product rolling out. And one follow-up, if I may, just Where do you think over time engagement goes? You got about a 20% MTM to MAU attached this quarter somewhere in that neighborhood. Where can that go and over what period of time? And I assume that could be a pretty important ARPU driver along with some of the other initiatives you called out on the call today.

Well, I guess stated on the call, I think we're doing really well against our stated growth algorithm, which is to grow MTMs mid-double digits and ARPU low-double digits. I mean, we're doing very well there, exceeded both those targets within the quarter. And as I mentioned, a lot of room to run, getting work 2.99 million MTMs against the total 100 million member TAM. And we just know that from a sort of credit share of wallet, there's a tremendous opportunity for us to continue to do more for this customer and And extra cash is largely used for non-discretionary expenses. And while we think there's still a ton of room to run with that product to drive more MTMs and optimize that product for more ARPU, just think the opportunity with things like Dayflex to drive more of that discretionary spending to win more of the daily engagement and expand into that credit wallet, just a huge opportunity.

I appreciate that. Thank you.

Yeah, thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Ryan Tomasella with KBW. You may proceed.

Thanks, everyone. Following up on the flex pay and for product, maybe if you could just give us an update on higher thinking about monetization rates relative to extra cash, as well as the credit component, how that might compare given the higher advance rates, higher advance limits and longer duration. And then, you know, as a follow-up on that, I think the intention you've mentioned is to focus initially on existing customers for the Pan 4 product. But as you lean into more external growth eventually, do you think that you can maintain that sub $25 or so CAC level or might higher LTVs on that product justify a step up in CAC for the Flex product? Thanks.

Sure. Well, answering the last question, we've said pretty repeatedly we're not focused on the lowest dollar cap. We look at the best and most attractive returns. And so we'd expect to spend against flex acquisition where we see positive returns that we like. It's too early to tell on cap given we're not actually testing in market for new users at this point, but we do anticipate testing this year to understand how it does with paid advertising and what kind of growth algorithm we can have for that product in 2027. As far as the economics, we are in market testing a higher monthly fee than extra cash. And then we plan to have a, we are in market testing a per swipe transaction fee with that product as well. No late fees, no compound interest on the product. You can apply with no credit check using Cash.ai. I think one thing we are willing to share right now is that everything so far in the adoption points to incrementality with regards to total originations per customer, meaning we are seeing natural synergy between this product and with extra cash. And so there should be some, you know, definitely ARPU lift is what we're seeing. It's what we expected with the product, given how we've seen people interact with BNPL within our customer cash flow data, but nonetheless still positive to see the initial signs are there and our hypothesis is turning out to be true there.

Great. And then one of your large neobank peers has signaled a renewed push into the cash advance space, I believe with a modestly lower cost product. They're also expanding into the enterprise earn wage access category. Curious if you've seen any measurable impact there from those competitive dynamics. And if you can just give us your thoughts on whether the enterprise EWA category competes with the direct-to-consumer cash advance product and generally how you view that strategy as a potential, you know, tack on to today's product pipeline at some point. Thanks.

Well, look, we still view our ability to underwrite external primary accounts via Plaid to be a differentiator amongst our scaled neobank competitors, which require a direct deposit into their account to access credit. We've said before that we believe the TAM of people willing to connect a bank account to get access to credit is far wider than those willing to switch their bank account. And therefore, we think that it's hard to compare the product from apples to apples because even if that product may be slightly cheaper, there's a massive tax on the user in the sense that they have to switch their direct deposit, which has a lot of friction. When I think about the enterprise opportunity, it's certainly an interesting opportunity differentiated way to acquire customers, but it's a very different value prop. And that this is customers being able to access their earned wages every single day. We look at Dave as the ability to capture a much larger, larger paycheck before at the beginning of your pay period to go cover things like rent or gas or groceries. And so the use case is different. And we do view those to be pretty complimentary products. Those enterprise businesses have been around for a decade plus and We just haven't seen anyone really crack significant scale there, and it certainly has had no bearing or impact on our business.

Great. Thank you, guys.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Joseph Baffey with Canaccord. You may proceed.

Hey, guys. Good afternoon. Terrific results once again here in the quarter. Congrats. I thought maybe we'd look at Maybe look at customer acquisition through a little bit of a different lens here. Obviously, there's sales and marketing spend for customer acquisition. Just wanted to kind of also drill down into your credit algo and how much of a factor that is in driving. As that continues to improve and you're on Cash AI 6.0, how much that is a driver in customer acquisition, because obviously, you know, if someone applies, you know, they may or may not get approved. And, you know, how that really kind of is part of, you know, growth in MTMs. And I'll have a quick follow-up.

Yeah. Thanks, Jimmy. As mentioned, the quarter was better than expected from a marketing perspective. I mean, CAC was fantastic. came in less than we thought it was going to, which we thought was impressive given the elevated tax refunds that we did see. And that just gives us more confidence given the shrinking payback periods that we have a lot of confidence going into the rest of the year to continue to deploy marketing dollars efficiently and at scale. With regard to Cash AI v6, I wouldn't think about it in the terms of this is going to approve more customers that otherwise would be rejected. It's more so the people that we do approve are able to get incremental credit from there. And we do see that benefit conversion, which helps with CAC from a first-time credit active perspective. And so one of the things we mentioned or that Kyle mentioned on the call was removing that fee cap for new customers. We're already seeing the benefits there of it resulting in more customers getting approved for higher amounts. And that has compounding effects on first-time conversion, retention, et cetera. And it's just incremental to LTV and marketing spend all around.

Sure. And then just to follow up on that.

Let me just jump in and add something real quick there. I mean, everything that Jason said is true, but it also applies to the overall book. And so the better that we can get with underwriting LTV and improvements that we expect from Cache AI v6 that all those benefits and higher limits and therefore a better value prop increases customer retention and reactivation as well and supports overall customer growth. And so it's both new users and existing user benefits that we expect to see as we continue to make improvements on Cache AI.

Sure, that makes sense. And then maybe just, you know, on removing that B cap, how much price sensitivity was there? And, you know, maybe kind of drill down a little bit more on your thoughts there on removing that would be helpful. Thanks.

Joe, I'll pass it to Kyle on that one.

Yeah, I mean, Joe, I think we've seen over the last couple of years is we've made pricing optimizations that you know, as we move on price and therefore increase spreads, we're able to open up the credit box and that sort of increase in limit and value prop is, you know, much more valuable to the customer than the incremental costs associated with it. And so that's the same dynamic that we're seeing play out here with eliminating the fee cap as we can, you know, generate the incremental spread there with the removal of that cap and therefore increase the limits, we're seeing benefits to conversion, as Jason mentioned. So all facts and kind of data points over the last couple of years speak to that dynamic where limit matters more than price. And we're trying to find the sweet spot there at all times to maximize the customer experience while ensuring that we are compensated well enough for the incremental risk that we're taking on.

Great. Congrats again on the quarter, guys. Thank you.

Thanks, Joe. Thank you. Our next question comes from Devin Ryan with Citizens Bank. You may proceed.

Thanks so much. Jason and Kyle, congrats on the strong quarter here. Just want to touch on capital. Obviously, the offering this quarter bought back a lot of stock and With the coastal transition coming, that's $200 million of liquidity. When we think about kind of the uses of liquidity and kind of excess cash, you obviously can pay down the existing facility. Beyond that, should we just think about kind of free cash generation as just being pegged towards buybacks, or is there anything else we should be thinking about with that? Because obviously beyond the $200 million, you're generating another couple hundred million dollars or more a year as well, so a lot of capacity there.

Thanks, Devin. I'll pass it to Kyle on that one.

Hey, Devin. Look, I think you keyed in on the point there. I mean, the company at this point is substantially free cash flow generative. We're unlocking a significant amount of capital with the migration to the coastal funding arrangement, and that gives us a lot of dry powder from a capital allocation perspective. And as I mentioned in my remarks, you know, we continue to see share purchases as a very attractive way for us to continue to deploy capital. You know, that's at the sort of top of the list from a capital allocation, you know, prioritization perspective. And we have looked at various M&A opportunities over time, and we'll continue to evaluate that landscape if there's anything that's, you know, overall additive to our strategy. But I would say, by and large, very much oriented towards share purchases for use of excess cash.

Got it. Thanks, Kyle. And then just another follow-up here on extra cash. Obviously, you're strong demand against what's typically kind of a seasonally softer quarter. And it seemed like this year was actually even a heavier tax refund season than prior years. So I think, you know, kind of the results are even more notable against that backdrop. So can you just talk about some of the trends that you saw with your customers? Were there any new factors driving demand? Was it just all cash? you know, kind of cash AI55, you know, expanding the credit box and kind of doing what it does? Or were there other factors? And then also, what does that imply for kind of a snapback into the second quarter once we move beyond some of these seasonal dynamics? I heard, obviously, what you guys said in the prepared marks, but any other color there would be helpful as well. Thank you.

Yeah, thanks, Kevin. For your point, we mentioned that there's been a snapback in April with respect to average origination size. But as far as Q1, obviously we have a massive data set with over 7 million customer-connected accounts we can peer into to understand what's happening with the economy with respect to our consumer. And we're just seeing everything pretty consistent. Income's holding up. If anything, income is up a little bit year over year. Spending's pretty flat year over year. No evidence of trade-down behavior. Been in a call-out restaurant, has been getting some share of food and drink spent at the expense of groceries. but no signs of increasing credit or leverage. And as we saw, we have record Q1 performance, and investors really take that away as a big positive for the business and shows the strength of CashEye and how in control we are of our credit box.

And maybe I'll jump in with just one more sort of anecdote there, Devin. I mean, if you look back to the sort of sequential trend, whether that's on ARPU or the amount of extra cash originations per MTM. The Q1-26 versus Q4-25 trend was very similar to what we saw in years past. Last year was a little different given that we had introduced the new fee model and the higher thresholds in Q1, so that obfuscated some of that impact. But this Q1 largely mirrored the last several years before last year. And so it was pretty much business as usual for us and very much in line with expectations from tax refunds.

Okay. Thanks for the extra call. Thank you.

Our next question comes from Jeff Cantwell with C4 Research. You may proceed.

Okay. Thanks. Can you tell us what provision expense would have been in the quarter if not for the timing impact? How much was that impact this quarter? Could it be besides that? And then assuming the macro remains fairly steady, should we expect to see that normalized from here? Or is there anything else to flag if you look out to the remainder of this year?

Thanks. Thanks, Jeff. I'll let Cal take that one.

Hey, Jeff. Thanks for the question. So as I mentioned, you know, in the remarks, the provision dynamic, from, say, the quarter closing on a Wednesday versus the prior Friday was about a $5 million swing to gross profit. So that's, I think, a pretty strong indicator of what it would have looked like as the provision as a percentage of originations. You know, it would have brought the gross margins back into the mid-70s. Look, I think we tried to do our best to signal this impact coming in Q1. We know about these sort of calendar dynamic swings obviously well ahead of time and gross margin performance was still well within our expectations of the low 70s. We do expect Q1 to represent the low watermark for the year and expect gross margins to be in the mid-70s for the rest of the year. And then in terms of overall credit performance, we would expect that to, you know, on a DPD rate basis to be at least as good as we were last year, if not better. So I think all signs point to, you know, improving gross margins and, you know, all else equal timing dynamics aside, provision as a percentage of originations coming down. Got it. Got it.

And then I'm looking at CAC this quarter, it was $18. That's, down a couple of dollars versus the previous quarter and flat versus last year. I guess my question is that when you think about the pay in the forward card, just given the competitive dynamics of that space, the BNPL space, is there any reason to suspect that you're contemplating changes in CAC in order to drive new customer growth from that channel? Or how should we be thinking about CAC in the context of the new product launch?

Thanks, Jeff. As I mentioned with the other questions here, we're going to invest in growth and FlexCard where we see positive economics and returns. So if that comes at a higher CAC than $18, it doesn't really matter to us because we're solving for returns, not for lowest dollar CAC. And so we're very interested to see what the returns look like from a competitive landscape. While BNPL is quite competitive at the merchant checkout, a direct-to-consumer offering where you can actually buy buy now, pay later, whatever you want without the need to reapply is not that competitive. And so we were excited to start to penetrate that TAM and be one of the first to have scaled advertising against that message. A lot of the paying for card type competitor products are largely cross-sold products and people that were already acquired through BNPL channels. And given our advantages within Cash AI to underwrite new customers based on cash flow data, as well as our advantages in having a strong brand with very skilled marketing channels and messages. We feel confident that there's a lot of opportunity there. And I think I mentioned this on previous calls, but we really think that target here to disrupt is subprime credit cards, which is monetizing customers on being late with late fees, compound interest. And this product is the exact opposite with responsible credit offering and payments tied back to your future paycheck dates with no late fees. And so excited to get this out there and think there's a lot of opportunity to make this a marketing machine.

Okay, Greg. Thanks very much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Hal Ghosh with B Riley Securities. You may proceed.

Hey, guys, could you just give us maybe a hint on where you think share count will be for maybe the next couple quarters with all the buyback activity and the timing of it?

Thanks, Hal. I'll let Kyle get in on that one.

Thanks, Hal. We're not providing any specific guidance on the buybacks at this point. You know, of note, I would say, you know, our revised guidance on adjusted EPS does not contemplate buybacks, you know, for the duration of the year. But as I alluded to earlier, I would expect us to continue to be forward leaning on the buyback with the excess cash that we're generating. So, yeah, no specific numbers there for you, but I would expect some impact from future repurchases if things continue to sort of play out the way that we expect them to.

And perhaps maybe if you could remind us maybe how much you've given your Cash flow underwriting, what percentage of your customers are using BNPL? Maybe the other prominent, you know, six to seven logos that are out there in the United States. Do you have kind of a rough number? What percentage of your active customers are using BNPL?

Hey, Hal. We see around 50% of people engage with it at some point during a quarter, and so we know the demand is there. and early signs that we've, as I mentioned earlier in the questions here, that we are seeing this as an incremental credit opportunity with respect to origination sizes, given that's how we already see people use BNPL today. And so we like the ability to see the opportunity to displace that BNPL activity. But importantly, our customers are either not approved for subprime credit cards or they are having a terrible experience because they're massively overpaying in fees, you know, Credit card interest rates in the U.S. are being collected over $100 billion a year. Credit card late fees over $20 billion. And just like Dave was invented to disrupt traditional $30-of-a-dollar overdraft fees, we see the opportunity here to really change an industry. And so just a lot of excitement. We don't really think about it being directly competitive with the existing BNPL, given the merchant checkout, heavy friction, et cetera, if that makes sense.

That's terrific. The key takeaway on Flex is that you'll probably be the only BNPL company that has payments triggered on paydays because the other BNPLs, they don't know when they get paid. Is that right?

That's right.

Yeah.

Okay.

Terrific. All right.

Great job. And how same goes for subprime credit card companies too. They're just leveraging antiquated FICO models for underwriting. They're all collecting on the exact same day. And we can be highly customized here, knowing what your paycheck date is given the income visibility and prediction algorithms with cash AI gives us a huge advantage. And when you are underwriting a customer like we are, the everyday American consumer collecting on their right paycheck date is a huge advantage for settlement efficiency.

Excellent. Thanks, guys.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Jacob Steffen with Lake Street Capital Markets. You may proceed.

Hey, guys. Appreciate you taking the questions. I want to ask a little bit on dormant reactivation. You guys kind of talked about that being one of the drivers of the MTM growth this quarter. Can you help us kind of, you know, piece out what's driving the reactivation, cash AI or, you know, re-engagement marketing? And as kind of a follow-up to that, is there a way to frame maybe how large the reactivation cohort was as a percentage of Q1 MTM ads?

Thanks, Jacob. I'll pass it to Kyle on that one.

Hey, Jacob. So in terms of the size of that opportunity, it's about 11.5 million dormant customers that we have to sort of continue the opportunity to drive re-engagement and reactivation with. And the interesting data point there is we grew total members by about 17% and are growing MDMs faster than that. So I think that just kind of speaks to the you know, the activation of the base that we've been able to kind of chip away at, you know, over time through these reactivation initiatives, you know, it's lifecycle marketing, it's improvements to cash AI and the value prop of, you know, our limits relative to other alternatives out there to increase consideration when people are coming back into the category. That's really big for us. It's promotions. I mean, it's a whole sort of, slew of different initiatives that the team's been driving to increase that reactivation number, and it continues to be a really important part of the MTM mix. We don't quantify that portion of the overall MTMs in a given period, but again, it's a very valuable customer pool that we have to fish in on a regular basis and an important part of the the MTM growth story that we're super focused on.

Okay. And maybe as a second follow-up, you know, as it relates to the removal of the $15 fee cap, can you just remind us the MTMs, those are essentially grandfathered into the old fee cap, the $15 fee cap, and, you know, any reactivated members of essentially, would they be subject to removal of the cap, or how does that work?

The removal of the fee cap would only apply to new customers who are onboarding onto Dave for the first time. So, you know, that's where the focus of this fee change is. You know, again, we don't quantify how big that portion is of the MTM base, but we would expect it to be you know, supportive of incremental ARPU throughout the year as more and more of those new customers become a bigger portion of the overall MTM base over time.

Okay. So just to clarify, anything over and above the 14.5 million total members essentially would be on the new fee cap or the no fee cap model? Correct. Got it. Appreciate it, guys. Nice quarter.

Thank you.

Thank you. This concludes the conference. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.