Ferroglobe PLC

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Ferraglobe's third quarter 2025 earnings call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question and answer session and instructions will be given at that time. As a reminder, this conference call may be recorded. I would now like to turn the call over to Alex Rottenen, Ferroglobe's Vice President of Investor Relations. You may begin.

Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining Ferroglobe's third quarter 2025 conference call. Joining me today are Marco Levy, our Chief Executive Officer, and Beatriz Garcia-Cos, our Chief Financial Officer. Before we get started with some prepared remarks, I'm going to read a brief statement. Please turn to slide two at this time. Statements made by management during this conference call that are forward looking are based on current expectations. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those forward looking statements can be found in Ferroglobe's most recent SEC filings and the exhibits to those filings, which are available on our website at ferroglobe.com. In addition, this discussion includes references to EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted gross debt, adjusted net debt, and adjusted diluted earnings per share, among other non-IFRS measures. Reconciliation of non-IFRS measures may be found in our most recent SEC filings. Marco.

Thank you, Alex, and thank you for joining us today. We appreciate your continued interest in Fairgold. As we have discussed in previous quarters, 2025 has been marked by significant challenges stemming from unfair trade practices in both the U.S. and the EU. After taking proactive measures to create a more level playing field, we are now beginning to see meaningful progress. Regulators are taking actions, and we are confident these measures will improve the balance in our markets and positioned Ferroglobe for a much stronger performance in 2026. Starting with the US, on April 24th, we filed a trade case in the US regarding unfairly priced imports of silicon metal against Angola, Australia, Laos, Norway, and Thailand. On September 23rd, the US Department of Commerce issued preliminary countervailing duties against four of those countries that subsidized silicon metal production with the following assessments. Australia, 41.3%, Laos, 240%, Norway, 16.9%, and Thailand, 31.3%. For the more, on September 26, the U.S. Department of Commerce issued preliminary anti-dumping duties on Angola and Laos of 68.5% and 94.4% respectively. Additional preliminary anti-dumping determinations are expected by the end of the year for Australia and Norway. Initially, these anti-dumping measures were scheduled to be announced on November 21st. But due to the U.S. government shutdown, they are likely to be delayed. In parallel with U.S. action, the European Commission launched a safeguard investigation on December of last year covering silicon metal, silicon-based alloys, and manganese alloys. The final decision is expected by November 18. A favorable outcome would represent a significant step forward for the industry and for Ferroglo. and it would secure the EU's sustainable access to critical and strategic materials, which are required for infrastructure and defense industries. We remain optimistic about the results of this investigation. From a process perspective, the final implementation of safeguards requires approval from at least 15 of the 27 EU member states, and by states representing at least 65% of the population. It is important to note that it is unclear at this time which of our products would be included in the safeguards and how these will be implemented. Next, I will provide an update on our partnership with Corsair. They continue to make great strides in the development of silicon nanotechnology for next generation batteries for EVs and other applications. Recently, Corshell began shipping commercial scale 60 ampere EV pilot batteries to leading automotive OEMs for testing, a major step toward commercialization. The production ramp remains unscheduled with consistently high yield and quality underscoring the scalability of their process. Another advantage is that Corshell's silicon-rich anode technology removes the reliance on graphite, of which over 90% is produced in China, paving the way for a fully domestic supply chain for EV batteries. Corshell also expects to achieve commercial deployment of advanced battery systems used in robotics and defense applications in early 2026, a significant milestone that validates the potential of silicon anodes in high-performance batteries. I also want to congratulate Jonathan Tan and his team at Core Shell for winning the Startup World Cup in October, a global competition featuring over 100 regional events across more than 20 countries. This recognition highlights the impressive progress the company has made in advancing cutting-edge battery materials. Finally, as we continue to expand our collaboration with Corshell, we have finalized a joint development agreement and expect to establish a long-term supply agreement for high-quality silicon metal in the near future, positioning Ferroglobe to play a key role in the growing market for advanced battery materials as EV adoption accelerates. On the operational side, I am pleased to announce that we recently signed a new multi-year energy agreement in France, effective January 1st, 2026, guaranteeing us a very competitive energy price. In addition to low energy costs, the contract provides us with flexibility to operate our plants for up to 12 months a year, a significant benefit compared to our current agreement. This will simplify our S&OP process, inventory management, and improve working capital, as well as costs through higher fixed cost assertion. Next slide, please. A combination of soft demand and aggressive imports into the EU resulted in declining volumes and revenues in the third quarter. Overall volumes in our main segments were down 21% from the prior quarter. However, despite a 19% decline in revenues, we generated $80 million in adjusted EBITDA, only slightly below the second quarter, and improved free cash flow. Next slide, please. Moving to our segment update, I'll start with silicon metal on slide five. The silicon metal market remains extremely challenging in Europe with significant predatory imports from China, roughly doubling in the first eight months of this year. The EU should not allow imports of silicon metal designated as a critical and strategic material by the EU to have unfettered access to the European market. Because of this dynamic, we were forced to idle all our silicon metal plants in Europe starting at the end of September. As a result of these imports and weak demand, our third quarter shipment in EU declined by 51% compared to the second quarter. North American volumes remain stable despite soft demand. Within the silicon metal segment, the chemical sector continues to be negatively affected by the oversupply of imported siloxane from China into Europe and the US. Siloxane is used in the production of silicones. Index prices saw an uptick from the second quarter in both the US and the EU. However, the year-to-date index in Europe is down by 28% while the US index is flat. Looking forward, We believe the preliminary US anti-dumping and countervailing duties are a positive indicator of what the final measures will resemble and are expected to marketly improve the US market dynamics in 2026. The chemical demand is still expected to remain challenging due to siloxane imports in the EU and to the lesser extent in the US. Next slide, please. After a strong second quarter, silicon basal alloys volumes declined across all regions, with Europe decreasing by 15%, followed by the US being down 10%. Overall, the volumes increased by 19% due to soft demand. This was particularly noticeable in Europe, whereas low restart of post-holiday steel production resulted in a nearly 5% decline in the third quarter compared to the same period of the last year. The pricing environment deteriorated in the third quarter with the U.S. and European indexes declining by 5% and 6% respectively. For the year-to-date period, the weakness in European steel production continued to wait on the index, which is down 10%. The U.S. index is flat year-to-date. Tea production is forecasted to increase by 3.2% in 2026 in Europe. Combined with expected safeguards, this sets the stage for much stronger market conditions next year. We expect similar trends in North America based on conversation with our customers and a steady 2.2% projected growth in North American tea production. Overall, we are optimistic that 2026 will be a strong year for total silicon-based alloys sales for FerroGlobe. Next slide, please. Moving to manganese-based alloys. Following the multi-year high shipments in the second quarter, our manganese segment remains solid in the third quarter, despite the volume decline of 21%. This is more a result of an exceptional second quarter which benefited from delayed shipments carried over from the first quarter in our cost-competitive position. Another factor continuing to constrain the manganese segment is the increased shipments into Europe from India, Malaysia, and Georgia. Manganese alloys index prices softened in the second quarter by 7.3% respectively for ferromanganese and silicon manganese. We anticipate manganese demand recovering in 2026 with expected 3.2% steep production growth in Europe and the announcement of safeguards later this month. I would now like to turn the call over to Beatriz Garcia-Cos, our CFO, to review the financial results in more detail. Beatriz?

Thank you, Marco. Please turn to slide nine for a review of the income statement. Third quarter sales declined 19% sequentially to $612 million, while raw material costs declined 29%. As a result, raw materials as a percentage of sales declined from 65% to 58%, mainly due to lower energy costs in Europe. The quarter-over-quarter sales decline was driven by lower volumes across the three product categories. with silicon metal, silicon-based alloys, and manganese-based alloys declining 25%, 19%, and 21%, respectively. Volume declines were partially offset by higher average selling prices, which increased by 1%, 2%, and 1% for silicon metal, silicon-based alloys, and manganese-based alloys, respectively. Adjusted EBITDA decreased 15% from the prior quarter to $18 million versus $22 million in Q2. Adjusted EBITDA margin improved slightly to 5.9%, driven by cost improvement in the silicon metal and silicon-based alloy segment. This was partially offset by the manganese segment. Next slide, please. Moving to product segment breaches. Silicon metal revenue declined 24% sequentially to $99 million in Q3, driven by a 25% decrease in shipments to 34,000 tons, partially offset by a 1.2% increase in average selling prices to $2,950. Volume decline was driven by weak demand and dumping of Chinese silicon metal in the European region, as Marco mentioned earlier. Silicone metal adjusted EBITDA increased 81% to $12 million, compared to $7 million in Q2, with margins increasing to 12% up from 5% in the prior quarter. The margin improvement was driven primarily by lower energy costs in Spain and lower overall costs in North America. Next slide, please. Silicon-based alloys revenue declined 17% to $92 million, driven by a 19% sequentially decrease in volumes to 43,000 tons, partially offset by a 2% increase in average selling prices to 2,149 per ton. Adjusted EBITDA increased significantly to $12 million in the third quarter, up to 73% from $7 million in the second quarter. Margins expanded to 13% compared to 6% in the prior quarter. The improvement in adjusted EBITDA and margins was a result of lower energy costs in Spain and cost improvement in France. This was partially offset by higher production costs in the US and South Africa. Next slide, please. Manganese-based alloys Revenue declined 21% to $84 million versus $106 million in the prior quarter. The decline was primarily due to a 21% reduction in volumes to 70,000 tons, partially offset by a 1% increase in average selling prices to $1,214. Adjusted EBITDA in the third quarter was $4 million, versus $17 million in the prior quarter, a decrease of 74%. Adjusted EBITDA margins declined to 5% versus 16% in the prior quarter. This margin contraction was primarily driven by lower fixed cost absorption in Spain and higher raw material costs in France and Norway. Next slide, please. During the third quarter, we generated $21 million in operating cash flow, a 33% increase over the prior quarter. The improvement reflected a $17 million reduction in working capital on a cash flow basis. Energy rebate improved to $16 million from $7 million in the second quarter, while the change in taxes and others was largely due to profit-sharing agreements based on 2024 results. Capital expenditures total $19 million versus $15 million in Q2. Despite the challenging market conditions, we generated positive free cash flow in the third quarter. We expect a substantial release of working capital in the fourth quarter due to our focus on inventory management and early island of production in France. Next slide, please. During the third quarter, we maintain a strong balance sheet while continuing our dividend program. We are declaring a fourth quarter dividend of 1.4 cents per share in line with the previous quarter. It will be paid on December 29th to shareholders of record on December 22nd. We end the quarter with a slight net debt position of $5 million compared to a positive net cash position of $10 million in Q2. Adjusted gross debt increased marginally from $125 million in the second quarter to $127 million in the third quarter, while total cash declined from $136 million in Q2 to $122 million in Q3. Our year-to-date CAPEX was $48 million. At this time, I will turn the call back to Marco.

Thank you, Beatriz. Before opening the call to Q&A, I'd like to provide key takeaways from today's presentation. We expect trade measures in the U.S. and the EU to improve the business environment significantly in 2026. The U.S. ferro-silicon case combined with tariffs and the silicon metal cases' preliminary determinations are encouraging, positioning us well in North America. The EU safeguards are expected to be announced later this month, and we are optimistic they will have a similar impact in Europe. CoreShell is making significant advancements with its silicon anode battery technology and has begun shipments from the pilot battery plant and expects to begin commercial deliveries to robotic and defense-related applications in early 2026. The pilot plan battery production is progressing well with high yields and consistent quality. We continue to focus on cash flow generation and maintaining a solid balance sheet. We expect to deliver meaningful working capital improvements in the fourth quarter as we continue to see benefits from our S&OP process. We signed a very competitive multi-year energy agreement in France, which provides us the flexibility to produce throughout the year. Operator, we are ready for questions.

Thank you. If you wish to ask a question, you will need to press star 1, 1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1, 1 again. We will take our first question. And your first question comes from the line of Nick Giles from B Reilly Securities. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Thank you, operator. Good morning, everyone. Guys, appreciate the update this morning. The market obviously remains challenging, but it seems like action to date is offering some support and there could be more coming. Can you just speak to the demand signals you're seeing today and really how you're thinking about 2026, just from a volume perspective across each product category and region. It would be great to get your thoughts.

Yeah, good morning, Nick. Let me start talking about Europe. I think that the demand in Europe will be stimulated by protection of the supply chains the EU has decided to protect. Decisions have been made on steel very recently where they have further safeguarded European production and pending decisions of course are related to our products and to aluminum. So for me the secret of establishing demand in Europe is linked first to protection and clarity on all these points. But we expect, like I mentioned in my speech, demand is still going up. And this will drive, in our opinion, quite significant additional demand of manganese alloys and ferro-silicon. Talking about silicon metal in Europe, I think that The major news is related to the intention of Germany to apply, as of January 1st, a new tariff on energy that is really going to boost the productivity of chemicals, steel, and aluminum players. And this will drive some recovering in silicon metal on top of the other elements that I have mentioned. Talking about North America, we are on one side of the puzzle by the fact that the utilization rate of steel mills in the U.S. has gone up only 1% in spite of the measures, the protective measures of Mr. Trump. The expectations from statistics is that demand for steel is going to go up next year. And we see that our order portfolio is getting much more robust in ferro-silicon in 2026. We already have this evidence. Talking about silicon metal, I think that the decisions that have been made on the case until now will help mainly some price restoration. Volumes related to the five countries involved is less than 10% of the actual demand. The other key element that is going to drive demand of silicon metal in the US is going to be related to whatever action the government is going to take on imports of xyloxane from China. So overall, Nick, the scenario seems to be favorable, but there are a lot of decisions that can influence either or demand for next year.

Marco, I really appreciate all that detail. My next question was just about operations and specifically costs. I think you've been really successful in past years of improving productivity and that flowing to the bottom line. It seems like there were some operational efficiencies targeted already, but I guess my question is how much more could be made and what would be the impact to EBITDA and cash flow?

Yeah. Of course, under the current conditions, Since the beginning of the year, we have been focusing on cash. As you know, last quarter of last year, we started implementing global S&OP. The target was improving in the first year our working capital to operate the company by at least $50 million. We have already reached $55 million by the end of the third quarter. and we expect to continue this effort to improve the way we operate our company. On cash, as you heard from Beatriz, we have reduced the amount of capex that we spend. We expect to be close to 60 million this year versus the 80, 85 million of the previous years. Of course, we never sacrifice on EH&S, but of course, we need to watch and be selective on how we spend capex, especially considering that some of our plans are not operating at this stage. On cost, there are two main initiatives. We have been implementing hiring freeze since the beginning of the year for new positions. And we've been extremely selective in replacing positions that got in the company. And the other, so every new hiring is approved by me. Either a secretary or an executive. So this is a fact. And the other fact is that we, of course, we are on continuous control on discretionary spending, and these are the main areas where we are focused on.

Got it. No, thanks for that. Maybe just one more if I could. You know, if we're to try and look further down the road when market conditions may have improved, You know, how are you thinking about capital allocation? Could we see increased shareholder returns? You've talked about growth in the past, but obviously there's been, you know, we've been kind of in a cyclical trough for maybe longer than anticipated. So just would be great to get an updated view on both of those fronts.

Thank you, Nick. This is Beatrice speaking. I think the answer is yes, we're going to be considering share buybacks, I think we have been showing a proven approach to take debt. We reiterate that it's not our intention at the moment to take debt to do any shareholder buyback, but as we progress in our ADD episodes, as you mentioned, when market conditions are different, of course, we're going to be resuming our share buyback program and always focus on this opportunistic approach. We continue to believe that our share price is as evaluated. So, of course, we're going to be continuing with our program at the right time.

Got it. Very clear. Well, Beatriz, Marco, and the rest of the team, thanks for the update and continued best of luck. Thank you.

Thanks, Nick. Thank you. Once again, if you wish to ask a question, please press star 1, 1 on your telephone. We will take our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Martin Englert from Seaport Research Partners. Please go ahead. Your line is open.

Hello. Good day, everyone. Hi, Martin.

Hey, Martin.

Hey. I wanted to touch on the weakness in chems, which was called out in the press release, and you discussed a bit on the call. But I'm curious, for silicon metal volumes into the chems market, what did you see across the U.S. and the EU kind of year on year in 3Q, and what has that been trending like year to date?

I missed one word of the question. Silicon metal into?

Chemical sector? Yeah, silicon metal into the chemical sector, what's been going on year on year to date within the US and then the EU.

Yeah, yeah. If you talk about Europe, the key thing is related to the decision of one of the major players to switch from producing their own products starting from silicon metal in Europe to buy siloxane from China. And this is one of the major players. So silicon metal demand has gone down. The other key factor is is the impact of the polysilicon industry in Asia and the collapse of the industry there has caused significant losses of volume of the European player with supplying polysilicon to Asia and as a consequence lower volumes of purchased in Europe. The third element of course is demand that is not improving. And the fourth element is the massive increase of imports of silico metal in Europe coming from China and Angola on top of the robust imports from Norway. So this is a quick snapshot of Europe. Talking about the United States we understand that Excluding now most of the other clinic chemical players have suffered in terms of in terms of demand and like I say massive imports of of of siloxane from from China the When you look at the volumes of silicon metal, you will see a significant increase of imports of silicon metal into the U.S. from Brazil. And based on our understanding, these imports are mainly due to a significant improvement of the productivity of the assets of Dow Chemical. So the chemical has increased the captive use of silicon metal. So these are the main factors in the chemical business that I can report today.

Okay, I appreciate the detailed update there. That's helpful. And I'm sorry, I missed this in the prior remarks, but are you anticipating trade action within the US and or EU on siloxane?

Well, of course, well, it's not up to me to decide. But I think there is a burning platform, both in US and Europe, to consider taking some actions on siloxane. The problem is that as much as I know is that you have a number of grades of siloxane and this doesn't make the anti-dumping initiative so easy, but I cannot talk more as we are not talking about our products. Overall for me, if you take the United States, it makes sense to block China on silicon metal, but then if you don't block them on siloxane or silicon, well, the overall measure on silicon metal doesn't make too much sense.

Okay. All right. I appreciate the detail there. Thank you. And on the EU safeguards, if whatever the outcome is, if you feel if it's not sufficient to deal with the market dynamics and the lost market share with imports. I guess I'm curious, what are the next steps and is it something that could be, what are your next steps as a company then? And then is it something that can be revisited with the European Commission and how would that timing look if that's even a possibility?

Well, everything can be revisited with the European Commission, but we don't have time. We don't have time for that and I'm really confident that some decisions are going to be made by November 18. Now, if your question is what if measures are not announced or they are not sufficient, I appreciate your language. The plan is we are ready to announce severe and supported strong anti-dumping actions which in case would be specific on china for silicon metal on india on all the manganese product mix and kazakhistan on ferro silicon we have not launched these anti-dumping cases in Europe because we have been dancing since May this year under the expectations that safeguards were going to announce in Europe. But our reaction is going to be immediate if we don't see measures announced. And then it depends on what gets announced. uh and then we will that we will have to consider what to do with our uh with our asset footprint but this is uh this is the second step um any in the scenario where the

safeguards would not be sufficient for over the near term and additional action would be taken to potentially temporarily idle assets. I know there are many for silicon metal that are currently idle, but I guess cash costs potentially associated with that. And then anything, think about like ongoing recurring, just fixed costs that would continue on a quarterly basis.

yeah yeah i mean i i answered before the question of nick at this stage our cost actions are focused on iron phrase and discretionary spending um we have partial unemployment measures applied in france as you know as of the end of september we are not producing uh silicon metal in in france so These are the measures on cost that we are implementing right now.

Okay. I appreciate all the detail and considering the low volumes of cost performance is actually rather good for the quarter. So congratulations on that front and good luck. Thank you.

Thank you, Martin.

Thank you, Martin. Thank you. This concludes today's question and answer session. I'll now hand the call back to Marco Levy for closing remarks. Thank you.

We are optimistic that 2026 will bring a more robust market environment as the trade measures are implemented and trade uncertainties diminish. Thank you again for your participation. We look forward to updating you on the next call in February. Have a great day.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.