LPL Financial Holdings Inc.

Good afternoon, and thank you for joining the second quarter 2023 earnings conference call for LPL Financial Holdings, Inc. Joining the call today are our President and Chief Executive Officer, Dan Arnold, and Chief Financial Officer and Head of Business Operations, Matt Audet. Dan and Matt will offer introductory remarks, and then the call will be open for questions. The company would appreciate if analysts would limit themselves to one question and one follow-up each. The company has posted its earnings press release and supplementary information on the investor relations section of the company's website, investor.lpl.com. Today's call will include forward-looking statements, including statements about LPL financials, future financial and operating results, outlook, business strategy and plans, as well as other opportunities and potential risks that management foresees. Such forward-looking statements reflect management's current estimates or beliefs and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or the timing of events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. For more information about such risks and uncertainties, the company refers listeners to the disclosures set forth under the caption forward-looking statements in the earnings press release, as well as the risk factors and other disclosures contained in the company's recent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. During the call, the company will also discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures. For reconciliation of such non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP figures, please refer to the company's earnings release, which can be found at investor.lpl.com. With that, I will now turn the call over to Mr. Arnold.

Thank you, Tanya, and thanks to everyone for joining our call today. Over the past quarter, our advisors continue to provide their clients with personalized financial guidance on the journey to help them achieve their life goals and dreams. To help support that important work, we remain focused on our mission, taking care of our advisors so they can take care of their clients. This quarter, we continue to see the appeal of our model grow due to the combination of our robust and feature-rich platform, the stability and scale of our industry-leading model, and our capacity and commitment to invest back into the platform. As a result, we continue to make progress toward our vision of becoming the leader across the advisor-mediated market. In that spirit, we remain focused on helping advisors and enterprises solve challenges and capitalize on opportunities better than anyone else, and thereby serve as the most appealing player in the industry. With respect to our performance, we delivered another quarter of solid results, while also continuing to make progress on the execution of our strategic plans. I'll review both of these areas, starting with our second quarter business results. In the quarter, total assets increased to 1.2 trillion. This continued solid organic growth was complemented by higher equity markets. With respect to organic growth, second quarter organic net new assets were 22 billion, representing 7.4% annualized growth, or approximately 8% when adjusted for seasonal taxing. This contributed to organic net new assets over the past 12 months of 84 pages, representing approximately an 8% organic growth rate. In Q2, recruited assets were 19 billion, which represents a quarterly record excluding periods when onboarding large enterprises. This outcome was driven by the ongoing enhancements to our model, as well as our expanded addressable market. Looking at same store sales, Our advisors remain focused on serving the clients and delivering a differentiated experience. As a result, our advisors are both winning new clients and expanding wallet share with existing clients, a combination that drove solid same-store sales in Q2. With respect to retention, we continue to enhance the advisor experience through the delivery of new capabilities and technology, as well as the evolution of our service and operations function. As a result, asset retention for the second quarter and over the last 12 months was approximately 99%. Our second quarter business results led to solid financial outcomes, $3.94 adjusted EPS, an increase of 76% from a year ago. Let's now turn to the progress we made on our strategic plan. Now, our long-term vision has become a leader across the advisory center market, which for us means being the best at empowering advisors and enterprises to deliver great advice to their clients and to be great operators of their businesses. To bring this vision to life, we are providing the capabilities and solutions that help advisors deliver personalized advice and planning experiences to their clients, and at the same time, through human-driven, technology-enabled solutions and expertise, we're supporting advisors in their efforts to be extraordinary businessmen. Doing this well gives us a sustainable path to industry leadership across the advisor experience, organic growth, and market share. Now, to execute on our strategy, we organize our work around two primary categories. Horizontal expansion, where we look to expand the ways that advisors and enterprises can affiliate, such that we can compete for all 300,000 advisors in the advisor-mediated market. And vertical integration, where we focus on providing capabilities that solve for a broader spectrum of advisor needs, and in doing so, create durable, differentiated value. With that as context, let's start with our efforts around horizontal expansion. This work involves meeting advisors and enterprises where they are in the evolution of the business by creating flexibility in our affiliation model so they can design the perfect practice for themselves and for their clients. As a result, this component of our strategy helps contribute to solid growth in our traditional markets while also expanding our adjustable markets through our new affiliation. Now, over the quarter, we saw strong recruiting in our traditional independent markets, reaching a new quarterly high of approximately $14 billion in assets. At the same time, due to the appeal of our model and the efficacy of our business development We maintained our industry-leading win rates while also expanding the breadth and depth of our pipeline. With respect to our new affiliation models, strategic wealth, employee, and our enhanced RAA offering, we delivered our strongest quarter to date, recruiting roughly $4 billion in assets in Q2. Now, in each of these models, we continue to experience growing demand and expanding pipeline, which positioned them for increased contribution for organic growth. Looking ahead, we expect to carry this recruiting momentum into Q3 for both our traditional independent market and our new affiliation. Now, as a complement to our organic growth, we also recently announced the planned acquisition of Crown Capital, a California-based firm with approximately 260 advisors and 6.5 billion client assets. This transaction will give Crown Capital's advisors access to our differentiated capabilities, technology, and service. We look forward to onboarding them early next year. With respect to large enterprises, we recently onboarded Bank of the West and are on track to onboard Commerce Bank in August. Looking ahead, we are encouraged by our growing momentum and strong pipeline across the broader enterprise market, including in our traditional bank and credit lines. Now shifting to our vertical integration efforts, Here, we are focused on delivering value-added capabilities, services, and technology that extend across an advisor's end-to-end business, all for the purpose of helping them differentiate when in the marketplace and run thriving business. In that spirit, this quarter we launched a new performance optimization solution called Practice Hub. This capability delivers comprehensive data in a structured format, so advisors can better understand their performance on an absolute and relative basis. And over the coming months, we will further expand the functionality by enabling it to generate personalized insights around additional services, technology, and solutions we offer in order to help advisors enhance the overall performance of the practice. Over time, we see practice hub becoming a key tenet of our advisor experience, leveraging the power of artificial intelligence to operate as a co-pilot for our advisors. And while we're still in early innings, we're excited about the growth opportunities that this innovation unlocks and how it will serve as an additional leverage point to help advisors run thriving businesses. Now in a separate play within our vertical integration strategy, we continue to expand and enhance our services portfolio and are encouraged by the evolving appeal of our value proposition and the seasoning of this business. As a result of demanding Q2, the number of advisors utilizing our services group continued to increase. We ended the quarter with approximately 3,500 active users, up roughly 30% year over year. As we work with advisors to increase the utilization of existing services, we're also continuing to create new services, such as our tax planning solution, which is part of our broader suite of comprehensive advice and planning services. This new solution helps enable tax-intelligent advice that can deliver material savings to clients and help further differentiate advisors' value practices. This service is receiving positive early feedback and demand in the marketplace, while also unlocking interesting synergies with our existing services portfolio. Now, as we continue to evolve our services portfolio, we are leveraging our structured approach to innovation in order to address the needs of our broader advisor base. In that spirit, we are creating streamlined versions of existing solutions to help advisors who may have less complex practices. Examples of these solutions include CFO's Essentials, Digital Marketing, and Payroll, all of which are progressing through our innovation pipeline. As we move forward, we remain focused on enhancing and expanding our services portfolio to better support our advisors in enterprises and to drive growth. In summary, In the second quarter, we continued to invest in value proposition for advisors and their clients, while driving growth and increasing our market leadership. As we look ahead, we remain focused on executing our strategy to help our advisors further differentiate when in the marketplace, and as a result, got long-term shareholder value. With that, I'll turn the call over to Matt.

Thank you, Dan, and I'm glad to speak with everyone on today's call. In the second quarter, we remained focused on serving our advisors, growing our business, and delivering shareholder value. This focus led to strong organic growth in both our traditional and new markets, and we continued to build momentum in our liquidity and succession offering. In addition, we entered into an agreement to acquire the wealth management business of Crown Capital, onboarded Bank of the West earlier this month, and are preparing to onboard Commerce Bank later this quarter. We accomplished all of this while continuing to invest in our industry-leading value proposition. So as we look ahead, we continue to be excited by the opportunities we have to help our advisors differentiate and win in the marketplace. Now let's turn to our second quarter business results. Total advisory and brokerage assets were $1.2 trillion, up 6% from Q1, as continued organic growth was complemented by higher equity marks. Total organic net new assets were $22 billion, or a 7.4% annualized growth rate. Our Q2 recruited assets were $19 billion, which prior to large enterprises was a new record. This included $4 billion of recruited assets from our new affiliation models, which is also a new record. Looking ahead to Q3, our momentum continues, and we are on pace to deliver another strong quarter of recruiting. As for our Q2 financial results, The combination of organic growth, rising interest rates, and expense discipline led to adjusted EPS of $3.94. Looking at gross profit, it was $990 million, down 30 million or 3% sequentially. As for the components, commission advisory fees net of payout were $218 million, up $3 million from Q1, primarily driven by organic growth and higher advisories. In Q2, our payout rate was 86.7%, up about 50 basis points from Q1 due to typical seasonality. Looking ahead to Q3, we anticipate our payout rate will increase to 87.5%, driven by typical seasonality as well as the onboarding of Commerce Bank and Bank of the West. With respect to client cash revenue, it was $396 million, down $42 million from Q1, driven by a sequential decline in cash balances. Looking at overall client cash balances, they ended the quarter at $50 billion, down $5 billion from Q1. The primary driver of the decrease was typical April seasonality, when the majority of quarterly advisory fees and tax payments hit. As we moved beyond April, the pace of declines moderated in both May and June. Within our ICA portfolio, the mix of fixed rate balances increased to roughly 60%, within our target range of 50% to 75%. Our ICA yield averaged 322 basis points in the quarter, up two basis points from Q1, as the increase in short-term rates was partially offset by a decline in higher-yielding floating rate balances. As for Q3, based on where client cash balances and interest rates are today, we expect our ICA yield to decline by a few basis points, as the mixed impact of lower floating rate balances is partially offset by the benefit of higher short-term interest rates. As for service and fee revenue, it was $123 million in Q2, up $4 million from Q1, primarily driven by strong organic growth. Looking ahead to Q3, we expect service and fee revenue to increase by a few million sequentially, driven by revenues from our National Advisor Conference. Moving on to Q2 transaction revenue, it was $47 million, down $2 million sequentially due to decreased trading volume. As we look ahead to Q3, we expect transaction revenue to be relatively flat with Q2. Now let's turn to expenses starting with core G&A. It was $337 million in Q2. Looking ahead, given our strong levels of organic growth and the variable costs associated with supporting that growth, we are increasing the lower end of our 2023 core G&A range by $10 million. We now expect our 2023 Core G&A to be in a range of $1,345,000 to $1,307,000. To give you a sense of the near-term timing of the spend, in Q3, we expect Core G&A to increase by $5 to $10 million sequentially. Moving on to Q2 promotional expense, it was $107 million, up $5 million sequentially, primarily driven by increased transition assistance resulting from strong recruiting, and large enterprise onboard. In Q3, we expect promotional expense to increase to approximately $125 to $130 million, primarily driven by conference spend, as we will host our largest advisor conference of the year next week, as well as the onboarding of two large enterprises, Bank of the West and Commerce Bank. Looking at share-based compensation expense, with $17 million in Q2, down $1 million from Q1, In Q3, we expect share-based compensation expense to be roughly flat sequentially. Turning to depreciation and amortization, it was $58 million in Q2, up a modest $2 million sequentially, given it was a low-deployment quarter. Looking ahead to Q3, our plans for technology spend have not changed, but we expect more deployments in the quarter. As a result, we expect depreciation and amortization to be roughly $65 million. Regarding capital management, our balance sheet remains strong. We ended Q2 with corporate cash of $325 million, up $91 million from Q1. Our leverage ratio was 1.2 times, down from 1.3 times in Q1, driven by a combination of our continued growth and a higher interest rate environment, both of which have meaningfully improved our earnings power. I would also note that earlier this month, we increased the size of our parent revolver from $1 billion to $2 billion. Given the significant growth of our business in recent years, the added capacity enables us to operate comfortably within our target range of 1.5 to 2.5 tons and leaves us well-positioned to capitalize on growth opportunities. As for capital deployment, our framework remains focused on allocating capital aligned with the returns we generate, investing in organic growth first and foremost, pursuing M&A where appropriate, and returning excess capital to shareholders. In Q2, we allocated capital across our entire frame. We continue to invest to drive and support organic growth. Specific to our liquidity and succession offering, momentum is building and we continue to have a solid pipeline. To date, we've closed 15 deals for approximately $200 million, including four deals for around $50 million in Q2. With regards to capital return, we increased our share of purchases to $350 million in Q2, as we took advantage of the pullback in our share price. As we look ahead to Q3, we plan to repurchase $250 million of our shares, consistent with our plan to execute on our $2 billion authorization over two years. To summarize, our balance sheet is strong, and we are well positioned to drive value through our capital allocation framework. In closing, we delivered another quarter of strong business and financial results. As we look forward, we remain excited about the opportunities we see to continue investing to serve our advisors, grow our business, and create long-term shareholder value. With that, operator, please open the call for questions.

Certainly. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 1-1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1-1 again. Please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up each. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. And one moment for our first question. And our next first question will come from Alex Bloestein of Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.

Hey, good afternoon, everyone. Thanks for the question. Dan, why don't we start with the kind of broader discussion around organic growth? We've obviously seen a very steady improvement in recruited assets from you guys over the last few quarters, 2Q of north of $18 billion. I think that was a record outside of the larger kind of enterprise recruitment that we've done. So maybe a little bit of color on what are you seeing on the ground in terms of various affiliation options that are driving this improvement, and how does this inform your net new asset growth expectations for the rest of the year?

Yeah, thanks, Alex. So look, as a jumping off point, as you said, we saw 7.4% growth during the quarter. And I think prior to seasonal tax payments, you get closer to the 8%. And look, we also saw that momentum build over the last three quarters where growth has nearly doubled. three preceding quarters, excluding the impact of large enterprise. So as you said, and quite accurately, there's really strong momentum in that traditional independent model and in our new affiliation models. Drivers of Q2 results or outcomes, I think you've got to look at the 1% attrition rate 99% retention rates and look at that as a really solid and consistent outcome over the past three quarters. And then that's complemented by the strong recruiting inside the quarter that we talked about. I think if you look then into Q3, as we go sort of short term out into the next quarter, you saw good solid momentum building throughout the quarter across, again, additional models and the affiliation models. So we expect to see that momentum pull into Q3. And then that certainly then is complemented by the larger enterprises that are being onboarded in third quarters. So that sets up what we think is a fairly interesting and solid quarter of growth. It's driven both by recruiting as well as low retention rates. And then we're also seeing that steady contribution from same-store sales especially in a marketplace where we've got higher rates and equity markets moving up. Advisors are getting on the scenes in terms of capital, as you see, and net buys and sells. And so we think that sets up well as we look forward to the rest of the year. I hope that gives you some insight.

I got you. Thanks. And, Matt, a follow-up for you just around cash dynamics. So you guys are currently, I think, at about 60% fixed portion of the ICA portfolio, sort of well inside your long-term range, but that's been largely a function of outflows that are coming out of the variable balances. So as you look at the maturity ladder here over the next, call it 12 months or so, and assuming the curve will stay kind of in line with the forward rate, what is your appetite to maybe reinvest some of these balances into floating rates and to be at the lower range of your 50% to 75% allocation fixed. And then within that, maybe just a quick update on where July balance is then as well. Thanks.

I think that was two follow-ups, Alex. Two, but we'll hit them. We'll hit them for you. So on the target range, I think we feel good where we are, which is right in the middle of the range at 60%. And I think you know this well, but just to reiterate, we did a lot of work on setting that target range and to be a range that we're comfortable with in a range of interest rate environments and primarily focused on stability of earnings and not trying to be clairvoyant on picking spots and moments to invest when we think the curve's good from an interest rate standpoint. So really like where we're positioned, I think the specific of your point, as those balances mature, we would intend to maintain that middle of the range. So I don't think we need to move, but to the extent your question was, when things mature, would you redeploy them? That would be, yes, that would be our perspective today. But it's really about being right in the middle of that range and being comfortable with that spot. I'd highlight, too, the environment for placing those cash-free balances from a fixed rate has continued to improve. So the demand's there. The pricing has improved, meaning the spread above whatever term you are on the curve has We see a similar thing on the floating rate side. So we've got a good environment to place those deposits to the extent that we want to do so. But the headline is we like where we are on the fixed rate. As far as how are things going in July, I'd say the headline is consistent with the broad advisor-investor engagement we've been seeing, as well as the seasonality you would typically see in the month one of a quarter. So specifically on those cash balances, we have advisory fees primarily hit in the first month of the quarter. Those are about $1.1 billion. So that will reduce cash in the month of July. And then beyond that, we've seen, again, continued strong levels of investor engagement, continued elevated levels of net buying activity. I'd say consistent with the pace in Q2. If you look at our trends there, we really peaked on net buying in Q1. So July is looking more like the pace that we saw in Q2. And I think the cash balance declines themselves coming from that just continue to moderate, lower than we saw earlier in the year. And I think so far we're in July. It's about a $600 million decline above the advisory fees of $1.1 billion. And maybe just to put that in context, when you look at the pace of decline we've seen since the moderation, which would be starting in May, it's about one-fifth the pace of decline that we saw earlier in the year, earlier in the year being January to April. So we're seeing that moderation. Balance is still coming down slightly, but a much, much, much slower pace. And while we're talking July, I know you didn't ask about it, but I'll give you an answer to a fourth question you didn't ask, which is how's organic growth going in the month of July. And kind of building on Dan's comments, the momentum, especially from a recruiting standpoint, just continues into July that we saw in the first and second quarter. So prior to bringing on Bank of the West, We're tracking in the 6% to 6.5% organic growth zone for July, which compare that to July of last year, which was in the low 4% range. So it's a nice improvement there. And then just under $5 billion of assets for Bank of the West will come on in July. When you add that, we're looking at organic growth of around 11% per month. So taking a step back, we described July as just the momentum we saw in Q2 just continuing in a real positive way.

Perfect. Well, thank you for all that.

And one moment for our next question. And our next question will be coming from Devin Ryan of JMP Securities. Your line is open, Devin.

Thanks so much. Just want to start on the enterprise channel. Obviously, LPL now has a number of large validating wins there and you know, data that's built here with partners that you can now show to potential partners in the future. And so I'd just love to talk about how the narrative has changed with enterprises where you can really explicitly show them the value prop. And at the same time, it seems like the bar just around regulatory and scale is just only moving higher and higher for enterprises to operate their own broker-dealer. So I'd just love to maybe hash that out a little bit and then what that means, if anything, for your pipeline there. Thanks.

Well, your hypothesis is right. Obviously, as the business model has seasoned in and we have the clients who have experienced real results, the evolution of the dialogue is sort of a natural one, as you suggested. And I think, so first and foremost, you start out with capabilities and make sure that hypothetically they're going to enhance the economics and They're going to streamline and enhance the client experience. They're going to create a more scalable model and a more competitive one for even attracting and obtaining better advisors. And then I think if you can ultimately make sure that you've got the capabilities to do that and you can pull through those results, then that creates then the opening and the white space to focus more time on then how do you help them to grow that business, go through the expansion of advisors and their practices as well as . And I think that's sort of the rhythm that we're finding, where you produce those positive outcomes of enhanced risk management, operational efficiency, and enhanced economics. And now we're in that stage of very intentional working to help them pro-organize their ultimate results within their wealth management programs and platforms. I think the other thing that we've been able to do through this season is completely reimagine and transform the onboarding or change management effort to bring these programs onto the platform. That's always somewhat of an obstacle to work through any time as part of the value proposition. And I think the easier, the lower we can make that hurdle, and then with the experience of being able to reference prior outcomes, that certainly then is helping, I think, streamline not only make the model more appealing, but also make it sort of more reachable, accessible, right? And so that's where we are in the dialogue is being able to use those outcomes to have a dialogue with larger enterprises, traditionally the banks, but also expanding that value proposition outside of just banks to that broader enterprise-wide marketplace. And so as we do that, It's a longer sales cycle, but the pipeline continues to grow, and we feel really confident as we go forward that this is a durable contributor to organic products.

Okay. Thanks, Dan. Appreciate the call there. Just a follow-up on some of the technology initiatives. So, I think last year you guys spent $270 million on on technology that's clearly growing again this year, and that's going to be many multiples of really the vast majority of your peers. And so I'd love to just maybe dig in a little bit deeper, and if you can, frame just the degree and importance of kind of this technology differentiation that you think you're building at LPL from those peers, and you touched on

ai dan in the prepared remarks um and an application there so just kind of interplay with that and maybe how you think about ai applications just more broadly to improve the experience for advisors and also help reduce costs at the firm over time thanks yeah absolutely so we do think that the quality of the capability set or if you think about that vertical integration concept that we've described to you we think that is one of the most important elements creating model and driving organic . So with that as context, then we think investing in that vertical integration strategy or reinvesting in that platform to enhance capabilities is a significant priority and should allocate capital appropriately to that priority. So if I gave you a bit of a framework to think about where we invest there, I'd give it to you over six elements. One would be the end-client experience, so that's the advisor. Helping them with holistic advice to continue to enrich one of the key elements of the art of being a financial advisor is quality of advice. The third one is the wealth management platform, how they solve the needs of clients and execute on their advice. And then the other three elements are more about helping them operate successful and thriving business. So think about flexibility to building the perfect practice for them. That's where you get the affiliation models. That's where you also get the investment in business services portfolio that we've been talking a lot about. That's where you also get the investment in operating. We want to make sure that we create a scalable and efficient platform in which all of these advisors can practice on. And then ultimately, I think you've got an investment for overall service. Those are the six categories, if you will. I call them commercial categories. We're in the context of needs for our clients that we're investing both technology, capital for technology purposes, and then also non-technology investing. Think about services. And if we're creating this integrated platform It creates better workflows and better services wrapped around that technology that ultimately help these advisors to create advisors and run thriving businesses. And we think that's a winning formula to continue to create a more appealing platform that drives more successful outcomes for advisors. With respect to your question around AI and where we sprinkle that in in terms of that investment, Well, on the operating platform itself and within our service model, we're already using AI, both in terms of, think about robotics, machine learning as a way to scale predictable and doable operating processes. We're using AI in terms of enhancing the efficacy of our data analytics and determining Nesfix actions associated with our risk management efforts within our operating platform. We've created new digital capabilities that are now taking as much as 15% to 20% of the volume that has traditionally come into our service model to help folks with a better digital experience to incorporate some AI into that. And I think with generative AI, where you get into using AI for more creative activities, we see the... Interesting opportunity to continue to enhance both the advisor and the investor experience. Uberchance personalization. I think also we see it as an opportunity to create efficiency in our own model, where you think about those creative jobs. Take marketing, take engineers, take, again, in service and operations, and you begin to really think about enhancing the scale of the model. So that's the reason we invest. It gives you a little flair for kind of how we're allocating that investment and then how we're beginning to explore and utilize AI. We've been using it for a couple of years, but I think with this new generative AI or then AI, it opens up some interesting possibilities. We're just in the early innings of imagine. We like to ask and challenge ourselves, imagine if you could create AI as an additional team member for every single practice. It's just a highly efficient, scalable team. And that's a pretty cool and interesting thing to solve. I hope that helps.

Yeah, very helpful. Thanks so much. Appreciate it.

And one moment for our next question. Our next question will come from Steven Schubach of Wolf Research.

Your line is open.

Hey, good afternoon. This is Michael Anagnostakis on First Steven. I did want to start off going back maybe to the organic growth side. Certainly nice to see the ramp there through the end of the quarter. I did want to ask on a competitive dynamics. A larger independent player is planning to undergo a rather substantial restructuring effort. Looks like some of the resulting attrition has been a relatively significant contributor to your recruiting year to date. Can you help us size how significant of a tailwind that's been, and how sustainable is this source of organic growth?

Yeah, so look, I think if you look at the marketplace, right, and what you're really getting at is how do we think about sizing of the marketplace? And at least up through second quarter growth, If you look at the opportunity set, advisor movement has largely remained pretty flat at around 5% turnover for the last year, which is a lower level movement than historical norms, as you well know. That said, there has been a mixed shift in that sort of turnover where we're seeing positive movement or more positive movement in the traditional independent market. And there's been a slowdown from the wires. As we look out and look forward at some of what competition is doing, whether it be through integrations, restructurings, et cetera, those things can create more turnover in the marketplace. And we think we are well positioned across all of our different affiliation models. to make sure that we can capitalize should that opportunity increase and more turnover occur in the marketplace that we're well positioned to capitalize and win a much greater share of that opportunity that may emerge. So we do think about structurally our opportunity, but we're always trying to position for different market opportunities that may emerge within that structural strategy.

Very helpful. And then just switching over to expenses, understanding it's a bit early maybe to be thinking about 2024. As we think about rate cuts coming down the pike and the strong organic growth you're seeing, how should we be thinking about core G&A growth beyond 23? It sounds like 4% to 5% is the first building block to run the business, but how much incremental investment should we be anticipating?

Yeah, I mean, I think we're, as you could imagine, we're in the midst of planning for 24 right now, and we'll share our thinking on it later in the year as we typically do. But I think to your question, and maybe just highlight a little bit of how we're approaching it, which is, as we normally do, is focusing first on the investments really to drive and support organic growth, and at the same time making sure that we're delivering appropriate and compelling operating leverage, and really balancing those two things. And I think When you look at 23, the macro environment provided an opportunity for us to accelerate investments that we otherwise would have done in 24 and beyond. And that was driven by the opportunity that that macro presented. So I think when we're planning for 24, it will all depend on what that macro outlook looks like. Of course, there's a scenario, as you described, that rates could start to come down. So we will certainly factor that in. And we've got I think our history demonstrates we've got the flexibility to adjust based on that environment, and we've also got, I think, the confidence to invest in things where we have the confidence they're going to drive growth. So we'll focus on balancing those things, and we'll share more color on those plans as we typically do at our year-end earnings call. But the headline would be our principles and our approach are going to remain the same.

Great. And if I could just squeeze a quick housekeeping one in here, tax rate was elevated during the quarter. What drove that? And if you could provide an update on what the go-forward outlook for tax, that would be helpful. Thank you.

Yeah, I think about tax rate just as a kind of a core normalized tax rate in the 26% to 27% zone. We've been running below that for a while, primarily from tax benefits from employee stock sales and deductions that have come from that. And there were just fewer in the quarter. And that's why I kind of moved back up to that closer to that normalized 26, 27. So I think all else equal, if you're looking for a placeholder for going forward, I think 26 to 27% is the best way to go.

Thanks so much.

And one moment for our next question. And our next question will be coming from Dan Fannin of Jefferies. Your line is open.

Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my question. In addition to strong organic growth, you've also been active on the inorganic side. So I was hoping you could talk about just the pipeline and conversations and how we should think about inorganic uses of or for growth as we think about the remainder of this year and kind of the current backdrop of what's out there.

Yeah, so as we go forward, we'll continue to use M&A as a complement to our organic growth. So no change there, as you suggested. And I think, look, as we, in order to do that or execute well on that, we're consistently assessing the marketplace and the landscape and are typically focused on three categories of opportunity. The first are transactions to grow in our markets. where we can capitalize on our market leadership and add scale. In those cases, we're able to create value for the advisors and those practices when they transition onto our platform. And, you know, we look across the landscape of, oh, think about anywhere from smaller broker-dealers and RIAs upward. Examples of that is Vinnie Scattergood, Waddell & Reed, and of course, most recently, Crown Capital. So again, I think we remain focused on the marketplace. We do think there will be ongoing consolidation, and we remain positioned to explore those opportunities. I think a complement to that, we also look to places or transactions that could add capabilities, right, where we can create value for advisors and and ultimately help them drive efficiency into their practices or enhance growth. Anytime we think about that type of transaction, we'll, of course, look at it through the lens of, you know, build, buy, or partner. As capabilities and transactions include Advisory World and Blaze, and those have both, we continue to really evolve how we think about investing back into those capabilities and how they ultimately create value in unintended places when we originally did those transactions. So we like that type of opportunity. And then finally, the third is just deploying capital against the liquidity and succession needs that are out in the marketplace. And certainly this gives us a pathway to put capital work that meets our discipline return thresholds and solving a really important question for advisors in the marketplace in a rather differentiated or unique way. And we've got... a continued opportunity internally with respect to helping higher advisors that are already on our platform with that question, and we're beginning to see external exploration as well as how we help advisors that are on our platform with that type of need. So that's the framework. That's kind of where we've got our focus, and we continue to assess the marketplace for those opportunities when they come.

Thanks. That's helpful. And then, Matt, just to follow up on the promotional spend guide, the step-up which you cited associated with the onboarding as well as the conference, can you separate out that so we get a sense of kind of the economics associated with some of these larger onboarding enterprise customers?

Yeah, I'll directionally. I mean, I think when you look at the guide for Q3, it's really driven by three factors. Conference timing is the biggest. Second is onboarding of the two large enterprises, and third is really supporting organic growth. So I think when you look at conference spend, that first bucket, that is the biggest driver. As a reminder, it's our largest conference. It happens in Q3 every year. We've got over 8,000 attendees coming, which is a new record for us, which we're excited about. the engagement from our clients and their guests and being in person with us. So it's our largest conference and the largest that that conference has been. So that's the biggest component of the sequential change. Now, we do have two large enterprises that we are onboarding in one quarter, right? So that would typically be elevated, both Bank of the West and Commerce. And then the last thing I would hit is just overall recruiting momentum. When you look at The strong quarters we had in Q1 and Q2 and the strength of our pipeline coming into Q3, the related transition assistance that would come from that would also be a driver. But broadly, that first bucket conference is going to be the largest piece of it.

Great. Thank you.

And one moment for our next question. And our next question will come from Michael Cypress of Morgan Stanley.

Your line is open.

Great. Thanks. Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the question. You guys have had some early success with your newer RAA-only models. I was hoping you could talk about your competitive positioning there, how your offering and pricing differs from others in the marketplace on the RAA-only model. And as you look out over the next 12 to 24 months, what sort of enhancements, you know, that you might be able to make to that offering to further accelerate growth from here?

Yeah, thanks for the question, Michael, and happy to provide some color on our enhanced RIA model. So, the headline is, look, the RIA market, as you know, is large and fast-growing, which presents an interesting strategic opportunity. So, we have been investing to position ourselves for a outside share gains there. And, you know, how we think about allocating those investments, well, first and foremost, it's created a differentiated offering in the marketplace. And while at the same time improving our awareness that, you know, we are a competitive and credible alternative to more of the incumbents in the marketplace. So as we do this, our right to win continues to increase, and we believe that positions as well. As we go forward, both in the near term and the long term, I think if I gave you a little bit more color as you asked on sort of how we think about enhancing the value proposition, certainly the flexibility in our model to handle all assets in a more integrated way on our platform continues to be an advantage. Certainly then that's complemented by the vertical integration strategy where we're able to provide value not just at the traditional level, clearing custody level within the ecosystem, but also with respect to technology operating platforms, wealth management platforms, all the way down into, if you think about the business services that we've been innovating over the past three years. And so it's an end-to-end values play that we think makes for the most interesting differentiation or RAs that are out there so they don't have to go build that, or if they have built that stuff and have operated it in an inefficient way or one that doesn't add value, we can do it in a more efficient, effective way. We think that's an appealing angle to take to the marketplace. And then finally, as we grow in both the results, the solutions, the success, and then greater awareness for our presence in the marketplace. We think most of things position as well to continue to drive growth from here. And I think we've seen good progress over the last year and a half. We're encouraged by that.

Great. And just a follow-up question on the centrally managed assets that continues to grow in line with the rest of the business holding steady about 15% of advisory assets, it looks like. So I hope you could talk about some of the initiatives As you think about expanding penetration of centrally managed assets there, how are you thinking about building out the product set here as you look out over the next year or two?

Yeah, it's a really interesting question. As you said, there's some cool opportunities, we think, to continue to enhance the feel of that model and reduce the cost in both that combination ultimately, I think, drives greater and greater utilization. with the evolution of models-based practices, our continued ability to enhance our platform that really sets up for that efficient models-based practice and even then partnering with our sponsors to integrate their capabilities within that models marketplace is where some cool innovation and work is going on. That not only adds value for our advisors, it also creates value for our sponsors that then create economic opportunities for us. I think as you look at continued, what I might call, value for an end investor, think self-indexing or individual indexing and or tax overlay. And I think we're deploying some of those capabilities in the second half of this year. to just further strengthen the value of the advice that the advisor's providing to their clients, but also to the extent that we can do that in the centrally managed platform in a highly efficient and integrated way for the advisor, creates greater appeal and usage of the model. And then finally, just the expansion of the investment content available there. We've really expanded our SMAs this year. On the equity side, we're adding income SMAs in the second half of this year, and so we're Ultimately, that turns it into a true UMA, which will only drive further utilization. So, those are the ways we think about some of the ways of enhancing the capabilities to continue to drive the appeal of that model and thus the greater utilization.

Great. Thank you. And one moment for our next question. Our next question will be coming from Kyle Voigt of KBW.

Kyle, your line's open.

Hi, good evening. Maybe a few follow-ups for me. Matt, you hit record EBITDA margins in the first half of the year at 54%. I guess my question's not as much about 2024, but more of a longer-term question about margins. If we think about LPLA continuing to kind of gain scale and drive growth over the coming years, Do you think there's still significant operating leverage left in the model from where you sit today, 54%? And if so, can you kind of help quantify how you think about those longer-term incremental margins?

Yeah, I mean, I think when you – if you look at margins, and history here is very helpful, and the macro environment, interest rate environment, of course, is going to inform those. But I think when you've looked historically, I think not only at us but our industry, when you're in periods where – interest rates are near their lows, like running in the, which we in our recent past, of course, have seen, when you're running with margins in the 35, 40% range, you're doing somewhat well in that environment. When you're in an environment like we're in now, with interest rates high, getting up to that 50% and above, I think is just running at a good level as well. And I think those are just good bookends to think about in general. I think as far as, you know, what we can deliver in the future, I think ultimately, It's going to be connected to our ability to deliver a compelling value proposition to clients, our ability to continue to expand and grow across our affiliation models as we get scale in each of those areas. We're able to balance delivering not only a great experience for those clients, but also doing it in an efficient way that allows us to deliver earnings to the bottom line and always balancing how much of that to then reinvest. to drive further growth from here. So I think the opportunity, if we're successful in all those areas, is indexing to the macro environment point that I made to most certainly drive more operating leverage. And I think ultimately the balance and judgment about how much of that to reinvest to further expand our value proposition and further drive growth is judgment calls that we'll make. But I think the opportunity is there if we're successful.

TAB, Mark McIntyre:" understood, thank you, and then just to follow up on the on the cash discussion, you know you've previously noted that 4% as being around a floor level on cash as a percentage of assets. TAB, Mark McIntyre:" It sounds like you're now slightly below that 4% level in July today, but it seems that you said you're continuing to see that slowing cash declines, excluding those fee billings. TAB, Mark McIntyre:" I just wanted to reconfirm whether anything has changed at all from an advisor behavior standpoint over the past months or quarters. that would lead to a different view in terms of defining that floor level of cash at around 4%?

No, I mean, I think keep in mind month one of any quarter, you typically see a cash balance decline. But I think as we maybe take a step back and the nature of the cash that we have in these accounts is largely operational. It's typically small balances for rebalancing, paying fees, facilitating customer withdrawals. And I think when we just look at our experience, when clients are fully deployed into the market, cash does typically bottom out at those levels required to manage the account. And that's typically met a natural for around 4%. And I think when we look at the market we're in now, I think it's fair to say that advisors and their clients are especially engaged when you've got a strong fixed income market that we've been in for quite some time that's now getting coupled with a strengthened equity market. And that's leading to net buying activity in levels that are roughly double historical levels. So I think as we sit here, at least looking at the end of the quarter, which is where I'd focus at roughly 4% of AUM, I think that the dynamics of our cash and the transactional nature hasn't changed. I think we're getting pretty close to what we would think would be full levels of deployment and kind of reaching a point of natural resistance on moving much lower from Now, could it go below 4%? Of course. But I think based on what we see in our analysis, we don't think it would go below 4 by a substantial amount.

Understood. Thank you.

And one moment for our next question. And our last question will come from Brennan Hawkin of UBS.

Brennan, your line's open.

Good afternoon, guys. Thanks for sneaking me in. I just got one left. Most of mine have been asked and answered. Any way or guidance you can provide for thinking about how the upcoming deals, the deals that you've announced and we have coming down the pike could impact the payout rate? I know in the past, sometimes some of the deals have had an impact. Anything coming from these upcoming deals?

Yeah, and you're talking about the large enterprise onboarding, Bank of the West and Commerce?

Exactly.

Yeah. Yeah, I think as a general point, those larger enterprises have a higher payout rate. We have a lower, from an AUM standpoint, we've got an advantage in serving them from a scale standpoint on the cost side. So operating margins are always compelling on those. But yes, the payout rate would all else equal go up. So if we I did get a little color on payout rate for next quarter at 87.5%, and that would be driven by a handful of things, but primarily the seasonal build and the production bonus, but also bringing on those large enterprises that in general have a higher payout than the average.

Okay, so the 87.5% would fully bake in the impact of those two deals.

No, it would be the following quarter would because they're going to be joining during the quarter, but it's just as a headline point when we bring on large enterprises. They'll typically buy stuff to pay out a little bit, not dramatically, but a little bit.

Got it. Thanks a lot.

And I'm showing no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back to Dan Arnold for closing remarks.

And thanks to everyone for taking the time to join us this afternoon. We look forward to speaking with you again next quarter. Goodbye.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect. you Thank you. Thank you. Good afternoon and thank you for joining the second quarter 2023 earnings conference call for LPL Financial Holdings, Inc. Joining the call today are our President and Chief Executive Officer, Dan Arnold, and Chief Financial Officer and Head of Business Operations, Matt Audet. Dan and Matt will offer introductory remarks and then the call will be open for questions. The company would appreciate if analysts would limit themselves to one question and one follow-up each. The company has posted its earnings press release and supplementary information on the investor relations section of the company's website, investor.lpl.com. Today's call will include forward-looking statements, including statements about LPL financials, future financial and operating results, outlook, business strategy and plans, as well as other opportunities and potential risks that management foresees. Such forward-looking statements reflect management's current estimates or beliefs and are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results or the timing of events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements. For more information about such risks and uncertainties, the company refers listeners to the disclosures set forth under the caption forward-looking statements in the earnings press release, as well as the risk factors and other disclosures contained in the company's recent filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. During the call, the company will also discuss certain non-GAAP financial measures, For reconciliation of such non-GAAP financial measures to the comparable GAAP figures, please refer to the company's earnings release, which can be found at investor.lpl.com. With that, I will now turn the call over to Mr. Arnold.

Thank you, Tanya, and thanks to everyone for joining our call today. Over the past quarter, our advisors continue to provide their clients with personalized financial guidance on the journey to help them achieve their life goals and dreams. To help support that important work, we remain focused on our mission, taking care of our advisors so they can take care of their clients. This quarter, we continue to see the appeal of our model grow due to the combination of our robust and feature-rich platform, the stability and scale of our industry-leading model, and our capacity and commitment to invest back into the platform. As a result, we continue to make progress toward our vision of becoming the leader across the advisor-mediated market. In that spirit, we remain focused on helping advisors and enterprises solve challenges and capitalize on opportunities better than anyone else, and thereby serve as the most appealing player in the industry. With respect to our performance, we delivered another quarter of solid results, while also continuing to make progress on the execution of our strategic plans. I'll review both of these areas, starting with our second quarter business results. In the quarter, total assets increased to $1.2 trillion. This continued solid organic growth was complemented by higher equity markets. With respect to organic growth, second quarter organic net new assets were $22 billion, representing 7.4% annualized growth, or approximately 8% when adjusted for seasonal taxing. This contributed to organic net new assets over the past 12 months of 84 pages, representing approximately an 8% organic growth rate. In Q2, recruited assets were 19 billion, which represents a quarterly record excluding periods when onboarding large enterprises. This outcome was driven by the ongoing enhancements to our model, as well as our expanded addressable market. Looking at same store sales, Our advisors remain focused on serving the clients and delivering a differentiated experience. As a result, our advisors are both winning new clients and expanding wallet share with existing clients, a combination that drove solid same-store sales in Q2. With respect to retention, we continue to enhance the advisor experience through the delivery of new capabilities and technology, as well as the evolution of our service and operations functions. As a result, asset retention for the second quarter and over the last 12 months was approximately 99%. Our second quarter business results led to solid financial outcomes, $3.94 adjusted EPS, an increase of 76% from a year ago. Let's now turn to the progress we made on our strategic plan. Our long-term vision has become a leader across the advisor center market, which for us means being the best at empowering advisors and enterprises to deliver great advice to their clients and to be great operators of their businesses. To bring this vision to life, we are providing the capabilities and solutions that help advisors deliver personalized advice and planning experiences to their clients. And at the same time, through human-driven, technology-enabled solutions and expertise, we're supporting advisors in their efforts to be extraordinary businessmen. Doing this well gives us a sustainable path to industry leadership across the advisor experience, organic growth, and market share. Now, to execute on our strategy, we organize our work around two primary categories. Horizontal expansion, where we look to expand the ways that advisors and enterprises can affiliate, such that we can compete for all 300,000 advisors in the advisor-mediated market. And vertical integration, where we focus on providing capabilities that solve for a broader spectrum of advisor needs, and in doing so, create durable, differentiated value. With that as context, let's start with our efforts around horizontal expansion. This work involves meeting advisors and enterprises where they are in the evolution of the business by creating flexibility in our affiliation model so they can design the perfect practice for themselves and for their clients. As a result, this component of our strategy helps contribute to solid growth in our traditional markets while also expanding our adjustable markets through our new affiliation. Now, over the quarter, we saw strong recruiting in our traditional independent markets, reaching a new quarterly high of approximately $14 billion in assets. At the same time, due to the appeal of our model and the efficacy of our business development We maintained our industry-leading win rates while also expanding the breadth and depth of our pipeline. With respect to our new affiliation models, strategic wealth, employee, and our enhanced RAA offering, we delivered our strongest quarter to date, recruiting roughly $4 billion in assets in Q2. Now, in each of these models, we continue to experience growing demand and expanding pipelines, which position them for increased contribution for organic growth. Looking ahead, we expect to carry this recruiting momentum into Q3 for both our traditional independent market and our new affiliations. Now, as a complement to our organic growth, we also recently announced the planned acquisition of Crown Capital, a California-based firm with approximately 260 advisors and $6.5 billion in client assets. This transaction will give Crown Capital's advisors access to our differentiated capabilities, technology, and service. We look forward to onboarding them early next year. With respect to large enterprises, we recently onboarded Bank of the West and are on track to onboard Commerce Bank in August. Looking ahead, we are encouraged by our growing momentum and strong pipeline across the broader enterprise market, including in our traditional bank and credit lines. Now shifting to our vertical integration efforts, Here, we are focused on delivering value-added capabilities, services, and technology that extend across an advisor's end-to-end business, all for the purpose of helping them differentiate when in the marketplace and run thriving business. In that spirit, this quarter we launched a new performance optimization solution called Practice Hub. This capability delivers comprehensive data in a structured format, so advisors can better understand their performance on an absolute and relative basis. And over the coming months, we will further expand the functionality by enabling it to generate personalized insights around additional services, technology, and solutions we offer in order to help advisors enhance the overall performance of the practice. Over time, we see practice hub becoming a key tenet of our advisor experience, leveraging the power of artificial intelligence to operate as a co-pilot for our advisors. And while we're still in early innings, we're excited about the growth opportunities that this innovation unlocks and how it will serve as an additional leverage point to help advisors run thriving businesses. Now, in a separate play within our vertical integration strategy, we continue to expand and enhance our services portfolio and are encouraged by the evolving appeal of our value proposition and the seasoning of this business. As a result of demanding Q2, the number of advisors utilizing our services group continued to increase. We ended the quarter with approximately 3,500 active users, up roughly 30% year over year. As we work with advisors to increase the utilization of existing services, we're also continuing to create new services, such as our tax planning solution, which is part of our broader suite of comprehensive advice and planning services. This new solution helps enable tax-intelligent advice that can deliver material savings to clients and help further differentiate advisors' value practices. This service is receiving positive early feedback and demand in the marketplace, while also unlocking interesting synergies with our existing services portfolio. Now, as we continue to evolve our services portfolio, we are leveraging our structured approach to innovation in order to address the needs of our broader advisor base. In that spirit, We are creating streamlined versions of existing solutions to help advisors who may have less complex practices. Examples of these solutions include CFO's essentials, digital marketing, and payroll, all of which are progressing through our innovation pipeline. As we move forward, we remain focused on enhancing and expanding our services portfolio to better support our advisors in enterprises and to drive growth. In summary, In the second quarter, we continued to invest in value proposition for advisors and their companies, while driving growth and increasing our market leadership. As we look ahead, we remain focused on executing our strategy to help our advisors further differentiate when in the marketplace, and as a result, have long-term shareholder value. With that, I'll turn the call over to Matt.

Thank you, Dan, and I'm glad to speak with everyone on today's call. In the second quarter, we remained focused on serving our advisors, growing our business, and delivering shareholder value. This focus led to strong organic growth in both our traditional and new markets, and we continued to build momentum in our liquidity and succession offering. In addition, we entered into an agreement to acquire the wealth management business of Crown Capital, onboarded Bank of the West earlier this month, and are preparing to onboard Commerce Bank later this quarter. We accomplished all of this while continuing to invest in our industry-leading value proposition. So as we look ahead, we continue to be excited by the opportunities we have to help our advisors differentiate and win in the marketplace. Now let's turn to our second quarter business results. Total advisory and brokerage assets were $1.2 trillion, up 6% from Q1, as continued organic growth was complemented by higher equity marks. Total organic net new assets were $22 billion, or a 7.4% annualized growth rate. Our Q2 recruited assets were $19 billion, which prior to large enterprises was a new record. This included $4 billion of recruited assets from our new affiliation models, which is also a new record. Looking ahead to Q3, our momentum continues, and we are on pace to deliver another strong quarter of recruiting. As for our Q2 financial results, The combination of organic growth, rising interest rates, and expense discipline led to adjusted EPS of $3.94. Looking at gross profit, it was $990 million, down 30 million or 3% sequentially. As for the components, commission advisory fees net of payout were $218 million, up $3 million from Q1, primarily driven by organic growth and higher advisories. In Q2, our payout rate was 86.7%, up about 50 basis points from Q1 due to typical seasonality. Looking ahead to Q3, we anticipate our payout rate will increase to 87.5%, driven by typical seasonality as well as the onboarding of Commerce Bank and Bank of the West. With respect to client cash revenue, it was $396 million, down $42 million from Q1, driven by a sequential decline in cash balances. Looking at overall client cash balances, they ended the quarter at $50 billion, down $5 billion from Q1. The primary driver of the decrease was typical April seasonality, when the majority of quarterly advisory fees and tax payments hit. As we move beyond April, the pace of declines moderated in both May and June. Within our ICA portfolio, the mix of fixed rate balances increased to roughly 60%, within our target range of 50% to 75%. Our ICA yield averaged 322 basis points in the quarter, up two basis points from Q1, as the increase in short-term rates was partially offset by a decline in higher-yielding floating rate balances. As for Q3, based on where client cash balances and interest rates are today, we expect our ICA yield to decline by a few basis points, as the mixed impact of lower floating rate balances is partially offset by the benefit of higher short-term interest rates. As for service and fee revenue, it was $123 million in Q2, up $4 million from Q1, primarily driven by strong organic growth. Looking ahead to Q3, we expect service and fee revenue to increase by a few million sequentially, driven by revenues from our National Advisor Conference. Moving on to Q2 transaction revenue, it was $47 million, down $2 million sequentially due to decreased trading volume. As we look ahead to Q3, we expect transaction revenue to be relatively flat with Q2. Now let's turn to expenses starting with core G&A. It was $337 million in Q2. Looking ahead, given our strong levels of organic growth and the variable costs associated with supporting that growth, we are increasing the lower end of our 2023 core G&A range by 10 million. We now expect our 2023 Core G&A to be in a range of $1,345,000,000 to $1,307,000,000. To give you a sense of the near-term timing of the spend, in Q3, we expect Core G&A to increase by $5 to $10 million sequentially. Moving on to Q2 promotional expense, it was $107 million, up $5 million sequentially, primarily driven by increased transition assistance resulting from strong recruiting, and large enterprise onboard. In Q3, we expect promotional expense to increase to approximately $125 to $130 million, primarily driven by conference spend, as we will host our largest advisor conference of the year next week, as well as the onboarding of two large enterprises, Bank of the West and Commerce Bank. Looking at share-based compensation expense, with $17 million in Q2, down $1 million from Q1. In Q3, we expect share-based compensation expense to be roughly flat sequentially. Turning to depreciation and amortization, it was $58 million in Q2, up a modest $2 million sequentially, given it was a low-deployment quarter. Looking ahead to Q3, our plans for technology spend have not changed, but we expect more deployments in the quarter. As a result, we expect depreciation and amortization to be roughly $65 million. Regarding capital management, our balance sheet remains strong. We ended Q2 with corporate cash of $325 million, up $91 million from Q1. Our leverage ratio was 1.2 times, down from 1.3 times in Q1, driven by a combination of our continued growth and a higher interest rate environment, both of which have meaningfully improved our earnings power. I would also note that earlier this month, we increased the size of our parent revolver from $1 billion to $2 billion. Given the significant growth of our business in recent years, the added capacity enables us to operate comfortably within our target range of 1.5 to 2.5 tons and leaves us well-positioned to capitalize on growth opportunities. As for capital deployment, our framework remains focused on allocating capital aligned with the returns we generate, investing in organic growth first and foremost, pursuing M&A where appropriate, and returning excess capital to shareholders. In Q2, we allocated capital across our entire frame. We continue to invest to drive and support organic growth. Specific to our liquidity and succession offering, momentum is building and we continue to have a solid pipeline. To date, we've closed 15 deals for approximately $200 million, including four deals for around $50 million in Q2. With regards to capital return, we increased our share of purchases to $350 million in Q2, as we took advantage of the pullback in our share price. As we look ahead to Q3, we plan to repurchase $250 million of our shares, consistent with our plan to execute on our $2 billion authorization over two years. To summarize, our balance sheet is strong, and we are well positioned to drive value through our capital allocation framework. In closing, we delivered another quarter of strong business and financial results. As we look forward, we remain excited about the opportunities we see to continue investing to serve our advisors, grow our business, and create long-term shareholder value. With that, operator, please open the call for questions.

Certainly. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 1-1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1-1 again. Please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up each. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. And one moment for our first question. And our next first question will come from Alex Bloestein of Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.

Hey, good afternoon, everyone. Thanks for the question. Dan, why don't we start with a kind of broader discussion around organic growth? We've obviously seen a very steady improvement in recruited assets from you guys over the last few quarters, 2Q of north of $18 billion. I think that was a record outside of the larger kind of enterprise recruitment that we've done. So maybe a little bit of color on what are you seeing on the ground in terms of various affiliation options that are driving this improvement, and how does this inform your net new asset growth expectations for the rest of the year?

Yeah, thanks, Alex. So look, as a jumping off point, as you said, we saw 7.4% growth during the quarter. And I think prior to seasonal tax payments, you get closer to the 8%. And look, we also saw that momentum build over the last three quarters, where growth has nearly doubled. three preceding quarters, excluding the impact of large enterprise. So as you said, and quite accurately, there's really strong momentum in that traditional independent model and in our new affiliation models. Drivers of Q2 results or outcomes, I think you got to look at the 1% attrition rate or 99% retention rates and look at that as a really solid and consistent outcome over the past three quarters. And then that's complemented by the strong recruiting inside the quarter that we talked about. I think if you look then into Q3, as we go sort of short-term out into the next quarter, you saw good solid momentum building throughout the quarter across, again, additional models and the affiliation models. So we expect to see that momentum pull into Q3. And then that certainly then is complemented by the larger enterprises that are being onboarded in third quarters. So that sets up what we think is a fairly interesting and solid quarter of growth. It's driven both by recruiting as well as low retention rates. And then we're also seeing that steady contribution from same-store sales especially in a marketplace where we've got higher rates and equity markets moving up. Advisors are getting on the screens in terms of capital, as you see in our net buys and sales. And so we think that sets up well as we look forward to the rest of the year. I hope that gives you some insight.

I got you. Thanks. And, Matt, a follow-up for you just around cash dynamics. So you guys are currently, I think, at about 60% fixed portion of the ICA portfolio, sort of well inside your long-term range, but that's been largely a function of outflows that are coming out of the variable balances. So as you look at the maturity ladder here over the next, call it 12 months or so, and assuming the curve will stay kind of in line with the forward rate, what is your epithet to maybe reinvest some of these balances into floating rates to be at the lower range of your 50% to 75% allocation fixed. And then within that, maybe just a quick update on where July balance is then as well. Thanks.

I think that was two follow-ups, Alex. Two, but we'll hit them. We'll hit them for you. So on the target range, I think we feel good where we are, which is right in the middle of the range at 60%. And I think you know this well, but just to reiterate, we did a lot of work on setting that target range and to be a range that we're comfortable with in a range of interest rate environments and primarily focused on stability of earnings and not trying to be clairvoyant on picking spots and moments to invest when we think the curve's good from an interest rate standpoint. So really like where we're positioned, I think the specific of your point, as those balances mature, we would intend to maintain that middle of the range. So I don't think we need to move, but to the extent your question was, when things mature, would you redeploy them? That would be, yes, that would be our perspective today. But it's really about being right in the middle of that range and being comfortable with that spot. I'd highlight, too, the environment for placing those cash-free balances from a fixed rate has continued to improve. So the demand's there. The pricing has improved, meaning the spread above whatever term you are on the curve has We see a similar thing on the floating rate side, so we've got a good environment to place those deposits to the extent that we want to do so. But the headline is we like where we are on the fixed rate. As far as how are things going in July, I'd say the headline is consistent with the broad advisor-investor engagement we've been seeing, as well as the seasonality you would typically see in the month one of a quarter. So specifically on those cash balances, we have advisory fees primarily hit in the first month of the quarter. Those are about $1.1 billion. So that will reduce cash in the month of July. And then beyond that, we've seen, again, continued strong levels of investor engagement, continued elevated levels of net buying activity. I'd say consistent with the pace in Q2. If you look at our trends there, we really peaked on net buying in Q1. So July is looking more like the pace that we saw in Q2. And I think the cash balance declines themselves coming from that just continue to moderate, lower than we saw earlier in the year. And I think so far we're in July. It's about a $600 million decline above the advisory fees of $1.1 billion. And maybe just to put that in context, when you look at the pace of decline we've seen since the moderation, which would be starting in May, it's about one-fifth the pace of decline that we saw earlier in the year, earlier in the year being January to April. So we're seeing that moderation. Balance is still coming down slightly, but a much, much, much slower pace. And while we're talking July, I know you didn't ask about it, but I'll give you an answer to a fourth question you didn't ask, which is how's organic growth going in the month of July? And kind of building on Dan's comments, the momentum, especially from a recruiting standpoint, just continues into July that we saw in the first and second quarter. So prior to bringing on Bank of the West, We're tracking in the 6% to 6.5% organic growth zone for July, which compare that to July of last year, which was in the low 4% range. So it's a nice improvement there. And then just under $5 billion of assets for Bank of the West will come on in July. When you add that, we're looking at organic growth of around 11% per month. So taking a step back, we described July as just the momentum we saw in Q2 just continuing in a real positive way.

Perfect. Well, thank you for all that.

And one moment for our next question. And our next question will be coming from Devin Ryan of JMP Securities. Your line is open, Devin.

Thanks so much. Just want to start on the enterprise channel. Obviously, LPL now has a number of large validating wins there and you know, data that's built here with partners that you can now show to potential partners in the future. And so I'd just love to talk about how the narrative has changed with enterprises where you can really explicitly show them the value prop. And at the same time, it seems like the bar just around your regulatory scale is just only moving higher and higher for enterprises to operate their own broker dealer. So just love to maybe hash it out a little bit and then what that means, if anything, for your pipeline there. Thanks.

Well, your hypothesis is right. Obviously, as the business model has seasoned in and we have the clients who have experienced real results, right, the evolution of the dialogue is sort of a natural one, as you suggested. And I think, so first and foremost, you start out with capabilities and make sure that hypothetically they're going to enhance the economics They're going to streamline and enhance the client experience. They're going to create a more scalable model and a more competitive one for even attracting and gaining better advisors. And then I think if you can ultimately make sure that you have the capabilities to do that, and you can pull through those results, then that creates then the opening and the white space to focus more time on then how do you help them to grow that business, go through the expansion of advisors and more practices as well as . And I think that's sort of the rhythm that we're finding, where you produce those positive outcomes of enhanced risk management, operational efficiency, and enhanced economics. And now we're in that stage of very intentional working to help them pro-organize their ultimate results within their wealth management programs and platforms. I think the other thing that we've been able to do through this season is completely reimagine and transform the onboarding or change management effort to bring these programs onto the platform. That's always somewhat of a obstacle to work through any time as part of the value proposition. And I think the easier, the lower we can make that hurdle, and then with the experience of being able to reference prior outcomes, that certainly then is helping, I think, streamline not only make the model more appealing, but also make it sort of more reachable, accessible, right? And so that's where we are in the dialogue is being able to use those outcomes to have a dialogue with larger enterprises, traditionally the banks, but also expanding that value proposition outside of just banks to that broader enterprise-wide marketplace. And so as we do that, It's a longer sales cycle, but the pipeline continues to grow, and we feel really confident as we go forward that this is a durable contributor to organic products.

Okay. Thanks, Dan. Appreciate the call there. Just a follow-up on some of the technology initiatives. So, you know, I think last year you guys spent $270 million on on technology. Um, that's clearly growing again this year, and that's going to be many multiples of really the vast majority of your peers. And so love to just, um, maybe dig in a little bit deeper, and if you can, frame just the degree and importance of kind of this technology differentiation that you think you're building at LPL from those peers. And you touched on AI, Dan, in the prepared remarks and application there. So just kind of interplay with that and maybe how you think about AI applications just more broadly to improve the experience for advisors and also help reduce costs at the firm over time.

Thanks.

Yeah, absolutely. So we do think that all of the of the capability set, or if you think about that vertical integration concept that we've described to you, we think that is one of the most important elements of creating a human model and driving organic growth. So with that as context, then we think investing in that vertical integration strategy or reinvesting in that platform to enhance capabilities is a significant priority and should appropriately relevant to that priority. So if I gave you a bit of a framework to think about where we invest there, I'd give it to you over kind of six elements. One would be the end plan experience, so that's the advisory. Helping them with holistic advice to continue to enrich one of the key elements of the art of being a financial advisor is quality of advice. Third one is the wealth management platform. How they solve the needs of clients and execute on their advice. And then the other three elements are more about helping them operate successful and thriving business. So think about flexibility to building the perfect practice for them. That's where you get the affiliation models. That's where you also get the investment in business services portfolio that we've been talking a lot about. That's where you also get the investment in operating. We want to make sure that we create a scalable and efficient platform that all of these advisors can practice on. And then ultimately, I think we've got an enhancement of overall service needs. Those are the six categories that we will, I call them commercial categories, or in the context of needs for our clients. that we're investing both technology, capital for technology purposes, and then also non-technology investing. Think about services. And if we're creating this integrated platform that creates better workflows and better services wrapped around that technology that ultimately help these advisors to create advisors and run thriving businesses, then we think that's a winning formula to continue to create a more appealing platform that drives more successful outcomes for . With respect to your question around AI and where we sprinkle that in, in terms of that investment, along the operating platform itself and within our service model, we're already using AI, both in terms of think about robotics, machine learning as a way to scale predictable and viewable operating processes. We're using in terms of enhancing the efficacy of our data analytics and determining Nespex action associated with our risk management efforts within our operating platform. We've created new digital capabilities that are now taking as much as 15% to 20% of the volume. It has traditionally come into our service model to help folks with a better digital experience that incorporates some AI into that. And I think with generative AI, where you get into using AI for more creative activities, we see the interesting opportunity to continue to enhance both the advisor and the investor experience, uber chance personalization. I think also we see it as an opportunity to create efficiency in our own models, where you think about those creative jobs, take them marketing, take engineers take, again, in service and operations, and you begin to really think about enhancing the scale of the model. So that's the reason we invest. It gives you a little flair for kind of how we're allocating that investment and then how we're beginning to explore and utilize AI. We've been using it for a couple of years, but I think with this new generative AI or then AI, it opens up some interesting possibilities. In the early innings of Imagine, we like to ask and challenge ourselves, imagine if you could create AI as an additional team member for every single practice that's just a highly efficient, scalable team. That's a pretty cool and interesting thing to solve. I hope that helps.

Yeah, very helpful. Thanks so much. I appreciate it.

And one moment for our next question. Our next question will come from Steven Schubach of Wolf Research.

Your line is open.

Hey, good afternoon. This is Michael Anagnostakis on First Steven. I did want to start off going back maybe to the organic growth side. Certainly nice to see the ramp there through the end of the quarter. I did want to ask on a competitive dynamics. A larger independent player is planning to undergo a rather substantial restructuring effort. Looks like some of the resulting attrition has been a relatively significant contributor to your recruiting year to date. Can you help us size how significant of a tailwind that's been and how sustainable is this source of organic growth?

Yeah, so look, I think if you look at the marketplace, right, and what you're really getting at is how do we think about sizing of the marketplace? And at least up through second quarter growth, If you look at the opportunity set, advisor movement has largely remained pretty flat at around 5% turnover for the last year, which is a lower level movement than historical norms, as you well know. That said, there has been a mixed shift in that sort of turnover where we're seeing positive movement or more positive movement in the traditional independent market. And there's been a slowdown from the wires. As we look out and look forward at some of what competition is doing, whether it be through integrations, restructurings, et cetera, those things can create more churn or more turnover in the marketplace. And we think we are well positioned across all of our different affiliation models. to make sure that we can capitalize should that opportunity increase and more turnover occur in the marketplace, that we're well-positioned to capitalize and win a much greater share of that opportunity that may emerge. So we do think about structurally our opportunity, but we're always trying to position for different market opportunities that may emerge within that structural strategy.

Very helpful. And then just switching over to expenses, understanding it's a bit early maybe to be thinking about 2024. As we think about rate cuts coming down the pike and the strong organic growth you're seeing, how should we be thinking about core G&A growth beyond 23? It sounds like 4% to 5% is the first building block to run the business, but how much incremental investment should we be anticipating?

Yeah, I mean, I think we're, as you could imagine, we're in the midst of planning for 24 right now, and we'll share our thinking on it later in the year as we typically do. But I think to your question, and maybe just highlight a little bit of how we're approaching it, which is, as we normally do, is focusing first on the investments really to drive and support organic growth, and at the same time making sure that we're delivering appropriate and compelling operating leverage, and really balancing those two things. And I think When you look at 23, the macro environment provided an opportunity for us to accelerate investments that we otherwise would have done in 24 and beyond. And that was driven by the opportunity that that macro presented. So I think when we're planning for 24, it will all depend on what that macro outlook looks like. Of course, there's a scenario, as you described, that rates could start to come down. So we will certainly factor that in. And we've got I think our history demonstrates we've got the flexibility to adjust based on that environment, and we've also got, I think, the confidence to invest in things where we have the confidence they're going to drive growth. So we'll focus on balancing those things, and we'll share more color on those plans as we typically do at our year-end earnings call. But the headline would be our principles and our approach are going to remain the same.

Great. And if I could just squeeze a quick housekeeping one in here, tax rate was elevated during the quarter. What drove that? And if you could provide an update on what the go-forward outlook for tax, that would be helpful. Thank you.

Yeah, I think about tax rate just as a kind of a core normalized tax rate in the 26% to 27% zone. We've been running below that for a while, primarily from tax benefits from employee stock sales and deductions that have come from that. And there were just fewer in the quarter. And that's why I kind of moved back up to that closer to that normalized 26, 27. So I think all else equal, if you're looking for a placeholder for going forward, I think 26 to 27% is the best way to go.

Thanks so much.

And one moment for our next question. And our next question will be coming from Dan Fannin of Jefferies. Your line is open.

Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my question. In addition to strong organic growth, you've also been active on the inorganic side. So I was hoping you could talk about just the pipeline and conversations and how we should think about inorganic uses for growth as we think about the remainder of this year and kind of the current backdrop of what's out there.

Yeah, so as we go forward, we'll continue to use M&A as a complement to our organic growth. So no change there, as you suggested. And I think, look, as we, in order to do that or execute well on that, we're consistently assessing the marketplace and the landscape and are typically focused on three categories of opportunity. The first are transactions to grow in our markets. where we can capitalize on our market leadership and add scale. In those cases, we're able to create value for the advisors and those practices when they transition onto our platform. And, you know, we look across the landscape of, oh, think about anywhere from smaller broker-dealers and RIAs upward. Examples of that is Vinnie Scattergood, Waddell & Reed, and of course, most recently, Crown Capital. So again, I think we remain focused on the marketplace. We do think there will be ongoing consolidation, and we remain positioned to explore those opportunities. I think a complement to that, we also look to places or transactions that could add capabilities, right, where we can create value for advisors and and ultimately help them drive efficiency into their practices or enhance growth. Anytime we think about that type of transaction, we'll, of course, look at it through the lens of, you know, bill buy or partner. As capabilities in transactions include advisory world and Blaze, and those have both, we continue to really evolve how we think about investing back into those capabilities and how they ultimately create value in unintended places when we originally did those transactions. So we like that type of opportunity. And then finally, the third is just deploying capital against the liquidity and succession needs that are out in the marketplace. And certainly this gives us a pathway to put capital work that meets our discipline return thresholds in solving a really important question for advisors in the marketplace in a rather differentiated or unique way. And we've got continued opportunity internally with respect to helping higher advisors that are already on our platform with that question, and we're beginning to see external exploration as well as how we help advisors that are on our platform with that type of need. So that's the framework. That's kind of where we've got our focus, and we continue to, you know, assess the marketplace for those opportunities when they want.

Thanks. That's helpful. And then, Matt, just to follow up on the promotional spend guide, the step-up which you cited associated with the onboarding as well as the conference, can you separate out that so we get a sense of kind of the economics associated with some of these larger onboarding enterprise customers?

Yeah, directionally. I mean, I think when you look at the guide for Q3, it's really driven by three factors. Conference timing is the biggest. Second is onboarding of the two large enterprises, and third is really supporting organic growth. So I think when you look at conference spend, that first bucket, that is the biggest driver. As a reminder, it's our largest conference. It happens in Q3 every year. We've got over 8,000 attendees coming, which is a new record for us, which we're excited about. Just the engagement from our clients and their guests and being in person with us. So it's our largest conference and the largest that that conference has been. So that's the biggest component of the sequential change. Now, we do have two large enterprises that we are onboarding in one quarter, right? So that would typically be elevated, both Bank of the West and Commerce. And then the last thing I would hit is just overall recruiting momentum. When you look at The strong quarters we had in Q1 and Q2 and the strength of our pipeline coming into Q3, the related transition assistance that would come from that would also be a driver. But broadly, that first bucket conference is going to be the largest piece of it.

Great. Thank you.

And one moment for our next question.

Our next question will come from Michael Cypress of Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Great. Thanks. Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the question. You guys have had some early success with your newer RAA-only models. I was hoping you could talk about your competitive positioning there, how your offering and pricing differs from others in the marketplace on the RAA-only model. And as you look out over the next 12 to 24 months, what sort of enhancements, you know, that you might be able to make to that offering to further accelerate growth from here?

Yeah, thanks for the question, Michael, and I'm happy to provide some color on our enhanced RIA model. So, the headline is, look, the RIA market, as you know, is large and fast-growing, which presents an interesting strategic opportunity. So, we have been investing to position ourselves for outside share gains there. And, you know, how we think about allocating those investments, well, first and foremost, it's created a differentiated offering in the marketplace. And while at the same time improving our awareness that, you know, we are a competitive and credible alternative to more being in the marketplace. So as we do this, our right to win continues to increase, and we believe that positions as well. As we go forward, both in the near term and the long term, I think if I gave you a little bit more color as you asked on sort of how we think about enhancing the value proposition, certainly the flexibility in our model to handle all assets in a more integrated way on our platform continues to be an advantage. Certainly then that's complemented by the vertical integration strategy where we're able to provide value not just at the traditional level, clearing and custody level within the ecosystem, but also with respect to technology operating platforms, wealth management platforms, all the way down into, if you think about the business services that we've been innovating over the past three years. And so it's an end-to-end values play that we think makes for the most interesting differentiation or RAs that are out there, so they don't have to go build that, or if they have built that stuff and have operated it in an inefficient way or one that doesn't add value, we can do it in a more efficient, effective way. We think that's an appealing angle to take to the marketplace. And then finally, as we grow in both the results, the solutions, the success, and then greater awareness for our presence in the marketplace, we think those things position as well to continue to drive our growth from here. And I think we've seen good progress over the last year and a half and are encouraged by that.

Great. And just a follow-up question on the centrally managed assets that continues to grow in line with the rest of the business holding steady about 15% of advisory assets, it looks like. So I hope you could talk about some of the initiatives As you think about expanding penetration of centrally managed assets there, how are you thinking about building out the product set here as you look out over the next year or two?

Yeah, it's a really interesting question. As you said, there's some cool opportunities, we think, to continue to enhance the feel of that model and reduce the cost in both that combination ultimately, I think, drives greater and greater utilization. with the evolution of models-based practices, our continued ability to enhance our platform that really sets up for that efficient models-based practice and even then partnering with our sponsors to integrate their capabilities within that models marketplace is where some cool innovation and work is going on. That not only adds value for our advisors, it also creates value for our sponsors that then create economic opportunities for us. I think as you look at continued, what I might call, value for an end investor, think self-indexing or individual indexing and or tax overlay. And I think we're deploying some of those capabilities in the second half of this year. to just further strengthen the value of the advice that the advisor is providing to their clients, but also to the extent that we can do that in the centrally managed platform in a highly efficient and integrated way for the advisor creates greater appeal and usage of the model. And then finally, just the expansion of the investment content available there. We've really expanded our SMAs this year. On the equity side, we're adding income SMAs in the second half of this year, and so it's Ultimately, that turns it into a true UMA, which will only drive further utilization. So, those are the ways we think about some of the ways of enhancing the capabilities to continue to drive the appeal of that model and thus, for greater utilization.

Great. Thank you. And one moment for our next question. Our next question will be coming from Kyle Voigt of KBW.

Kyle, your line's open.

Hi, good evening. Maybe a few follow-ups for me. Matt, you hit record EBITDA margins in the first half of the year at 54%. I guess my question's not as much about 2024, but more of a longer-term question about margins. If we think about LPLA continuing to kind of gain scale and drive growth over the coming years, Do you think there's still significant operating leverage left in the model from where you sit today, 54%? And if so, can you kind of help quantify how you think about those longer-term incremental margins?

Yeah, I mean, I think when you – if you look at margins, and history here is very helpful, and the macro environment, the interest rate environment, of course, is going to inform those. But I think when you've looked historically, I think not only at us but our industry, when you're in periods where, interest rates are near their lows, like running in the, which we in our recent past, of course, have seen, when you're running with margins in the 35, 40% range, you're doing somewhat well in that environment. When you're in an environment like we're in now, with interest rates high, getting up to that 50% and above, I think is just running at a good level as well. And I think those are just good bookends to think about in general. I think as far as, you know, what we can deliver in the future, I think ultimately, It's going to be connected to our ability to deliver a compelling value proposition to clients, our ability to continue to expand and grow across our affiliation models as we get scale in each of those areas. We're able to balance delivering not only a great experience for those clients, but also doing it in an efficient way that allows us to deliver earnings to the bottom line and always balancing how much of that to then reinvest. to drive further growth from here. So I think the opportunity, if we're successful in all those areas, is indexing to the macro environment point that I made to most certainly drive more operating leverage. And I think ultimately the balance and judgment about how much of that to reinvest to further expand our value proposition and further drive growth is judgment calls that we'll make. But I think the opportunity is there if we're successful.

TAB, Mark McIntyre, understood Thank you and then just to follow up on the on the cash discussion, you know you've previously noted that 4% as being around a floor level on cash as a percentage of assets. TAB, Mark McIntyre, It sounds like you're now slightly below that 4% level in July today, but it seems that you said you're continuing to see that slowing cash declines, excluding those fee billings. TAB, Mark McIntyre, I just wanted to reconfirm whether anything has changed at all from an advisor behavior standpoint over the past months or quarters. that would lead to a different view in terms of defining that floor level of cash at around 4%?

No. I mean, I think keep in mind month one of any quarter, you typically see a cash balance decline. But I think as we maybe take a step back and the nature of the cash that we have in these accounts is largely operational. It's typically small balances for rebalancing, paying fees, facilitating customer withdrawals. And I think when we just look at our experience, when clients are fully deployed into the market, cash does typically bottom out at those levels required to manage the account. And that's typically met a natural for around 4%. And I think when we look at the market we're in now, I think it's fair to say that advisors and their clients are especially engaged when you've got a strong fixed income market that we've been in for quite some time that's now getting coupled with a strengthened equity market. And that's leading to net buying activity in levels that are roughly double historical levels. So I think as we sit here, at least looking at the end of the quarter, which is where I'd focus at roughly 4% of AUM, I think that the dynamics of our cash and the transactional nature hasn't changed. I think we're getting pretty close to what we would think would be full levels of deployment and kind of reaching a point of natural resistance on moving much lower from Now, could it go below 4%? Of course. But I think based on what we see in our analysis, we don't think it would go below 4 by a substantial amount.

Understood. Thank you.

And one moment for our next question.

And our last question will come from Brennan Hawkin of UBS. Brennan, your line is open.

Good afternoon, guys. Thanks for sneaking me in. I just got one left. Most of mine have been asked and answered. Any way or guidance you can provide for thinking about how the upcoming deals, the deals that you've announced and we have coming down the pike could impact the payout rate? I know in the past, sometimes some of the deals have had an impact. Anything coming from these upcoming deals?

Yeah, and you're talking about the large enterprise onboardings, Bank of the West and Commerce?

Exactly.

Yeah. Yeah, I think as a general point, those larger enterprises have a higher payout rate. We have a lower, from an AUM standpoint, we've got an advantage in serving them from a scale standpoint on the cost side. So operating margins are always compelling on those. But yes, the payout rate would all else equal go up. So if we I did get a little color on payout rate for next quarter at 87.5%, and that would be driven by a handful of things, but primarily the seasonal build and the production bonus, but also bringing on those large enterprises that in general have a higher payout than the average.

Okay, so the 87.5% would fully bake in the impact of those two deals.

No, it would be the following quarter would because they're going to be joining during the quarter, but it's just as a headline point when we bring on large enterprises. They'll typically buy stuff to pay out a little bit, not dramatically, but a little bit.

Got it. Thanks a lot.

And I'm showing no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back to Dan Arnold for closing remarks.

And thanks to everyone for taking the time to join us this afternoon. We look forward to speaking with you again next quarter.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.