Universal Display Corporation

Good day, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Universal Display Corporation's fourth quarter and full year 2024 earnings conference call. My name is Sherry and I will be a conference moderator for today's call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded for replay purposes. I would now like to turn the call over to Darice Lewis, Senior Director of Investor Relations. Please proceed.

Thank you and good afternoon, everyone. Welcome to Universal Display's fourth quarter earnings conference call. Joining me on the call today are Steve Aitkinson, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Brian Millard, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Before Steve begins, let me remind you today's call is a property of Universal Display. Any redistribution, retransmission, or rebroadcast of any portion of this call in any form without the express written consent of Universal Display is strictly prohibited. Further, this call is being webcast live and will be made available for a period of time on Universal Display's website. This call contains time-sensitive information that is accurate only as of the date of the live webcast of this call, February 20, 2025. During this call, we may make forward-looking statements based on current expectations. These statements are subject to a number of significant risks and uncertainties, and our actual results may differ materially. These risks and uncertainties are discussed in the company's periodic reports filed with the SEC and should be referenced by anyone considering making any investments in the company's securities. Universal Display disclaims any obligation to update any of these statements. Now, I would like to turn the call over to Steve Avermsen.

Thanks, Darius, and welcome to everyone on today's call. As we look back on 2024, we are pleased to report record revenues and record earnings. Revenue was $648 million, operating income was $239 million, and net income was $222 million, or $4.65 per diluted share. Ryan will take you through the details momentarily. 2024 was a solid growth year for us. We cultivated our global partnerships, which included new long-term multi-year agreements with Visionox, strengthened our leadership position in the Olin ecosystem, and made significant advancements in our operational, strategic, and R&D roadmaps. Amid a dynamic market landscape, shifting consumer demands, and a rapidly evolving global economy, we continue to execute and embrace the opportunities that drive our innovation, growth, and industry-leading position. Since the inception of our company 30 years ago, we have been at the forefront of the Olin industry. Innovation is the foundation of everything we do. It drives us to push the boundaries of what is possible and to continuously explore new and better ways to solve the challenges of today and tomorrow. Our steadfast commitment to innovate and forge new paths has enabled us to stay ahead of the curve and anticipate the needs of the growing Olin market. We have repeatedly traversed a complex path from idea to lab, lab to fab, and fab to high-volume commercial production. Leveraging three decades of pioneering know-how and trade secrets, our team of scientists, engineers, and technicians are continuously inventing, developing, and delivering next generation phosphorescent reds, greens, yellows, and hosts to meet the evolving needs of our customers, the display industry, and the consumer electronics market. Regarding blue, we believe we are closer than ever and that the commercialization of phosphorescent blue will represent a significant leap forward in Olin technology. We understand the excitement as well as the expectations surrounding it. I want to reassure you that we are on the right path and we are confident in our ability to deliver. The journey has been challenging, as all trailblazing breakthroughs are, and our teams continue to work tirelessly. While not yet at the finish line, we are excited about the strides we are making and continue to believe that the additional time needed to introduce the commercial phosphorescent blue into the market will be measured in months and not years. Once commercialized, we believe that our phosphorescent blue can increase the energy efficiency of an OLED display by up to 25%. As consumer products continue to evolve with advanced features such as connectivity and artificial intelligence, we believe that panel makers and OEMs can leverage the increased efficiency in various ways, such as adding more functionality and performance to a device without sacrificing battery life. Phosphorescent blue is slated to be a game changer for the industry, for consumers, and for us. Looking to 2025 and beyond, we are excited about the opportunities ahead. OLEDs are continuing to proliferate across the consumer electronics landscape from smartphones to IT and automotive to TVs and more. According to Omdia Research, OLED market growth is expected to rise substantially over the next five years. After reaching more than 50% of the smartphone market in 2024, OLED smartphone displays are expected to grow from 784 million units to 952 million units in 2029. OLED IT displays are expected to nearly quadruple from 20.2 million units in 2024 to 77.6 million units in 2029. The OLED monitor market, though still in its early stages, already counts gamers among its earliest adopters due to OLED's fast response times, high refresh rates, and superior image quality. Units are forecasted to more than double, from 2 million units in 2024 to 5.1 million units in 2029. The automotive market holds immense potential as car makers are starting to turn to OLEDs for both interior and exterior applications, driven by demand for enhanced aesthetics, functionality, and safety. The flexibility of OLEDs allows for curved, thin, and lightweight form factors. Additionally, with a shift toward EVs, the adoption of energy-efficient OLED panels aligns perfectly with EVs' low power consumption needs. OLED automotive displays are expected to approximately quadruple from 2.6 million units in 2024 to 10.6 million units in 2029. And don't forget the exterior, where OLEDs are making their way into automotive lighting, including tail lights and turn signals. And on the large panel front, OLED TVs are forecasted to grow from 6.8 million units in 2024 to 7.9 million units in 2029. We believe that the continued proliferation of OLEDs, especially in the nascent medium-sized market, is driving a new multi-year capex cycle. We continue to estimate that year-end 2025 installed OLED capacity, as measured in square meters, will increase by approximately 10% over year-end 2023. These forecasts include initial equipment installs from Samsung's $3 billion investment, and the first phase of BOE's $9 billion investment for the respective new Gen 8.6 fabs. Looking beyond this year, additional investments in new OLED capacity are expected with phase 2 of BOE's Gen 8.6 fab, VisionOx's new $7.7 billion facility, and expected projects that are still in the works. As of today, approximately $20 billion has been committed to building new Gen 8.6 OLED capacity. A new and exciting OLED fab investment cycle has begun, and we believe it will fuel the next leg of the growth for the industry and for us. Before I hand the call over to Brian, I would like to go over the next phase for OVJP technology. In December, we announced the appointment of global technology veteran John John Mayer, the CEO of our new Singaporean subsidiary, Universal Vapor Jet Corporation, which encompasses OVJP. While we continue to believe that OVJP can be a cutting-edge technology for large area manufacturing, OLED investments are expected to center on the medium area IT market for the next few years. As a result, John John and his team are exploring new market verticals where our dry vapor jet printing technology may be an enabling platform. On that note, let me turn the call over to Brian.

Thank you, Steve. I'm pleased to report that 2024 was a record-breaking year of exceptional financial performance. We achieved 12% -over-year growth, achieving an all-time high of $648 million in revenue. By segment, material sales were $365 million. Royalty and license revenues were $267 million, and ADESIS revenues were $15 million. Our 2024 revenues included a cumulative catch-up adjustment of $11 million, consistent with 2023. 2024 total gross margins were 77% for the year, flat from 2023. 2024 operating expenses were $260 million, compared to $224 million in 2023. The fourth quarter of 2024 included $8.9 million of restructuring costs related to the planned closure of the OVJP California location and related reorganization that impacted EPS by $0.15. Our 2024 operating income was $239 million, which translates into operating margins of 37%. 2024 net income was $222 million, or $4.65 per diluted share. In 2024, we recorded $7.2 million of foreign currency exchange losses related to a tax receivable denominated in Korean won that impacted EPS by $0.12. This Korean FX loss and the OVJP restructuring charges resulted in a combined $0.27 reduction in full year 2024 EPS. We ended the year with $928 million in cash, cash equivalents, and investments. Moving on to our fourth quarter results, revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $162 million, up 3% from $158 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Fourth quarter 2024 and 2023 revenue included a cumulative catch-up adjustment of $5 million. Material sales were $93 million in the quarter, compared to $82 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Green emitter sales, which include our yellow-green emitters, were $67 million in the fourth quarter of 2024, which compares to $63 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Red emitter sales were $25 million, which compares to $18 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. As we've discussed in the past, material buying patterns can vary quarter to quarter. Fourth quarter royalty and license fees were $64 million, compared to the prior year's period of $73 million. The DISA's revenue for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $4.6 million, compared to $3.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Fourth quarter cost of sales was $37 million, translating into total gross margins of 77%. This compares to $36 million and total gross margins of 77% in the fourth quarter of 2023. Fourth quarter operating expenses, excluding cost of sales, were $72 million. This compares to $58 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. Operating income was $52 million in the fourth quarter of 2024, translating into operating margin of 32%. This compares to the prior year period of $65 million and operating margin of 41%. Due to the previously mentioned OVJP restructuring costs, fourth quarter 2024 operating margins were negatively impacted by approximately five percentage points. The fourth quarter 2024 income tax rate was 17%. Net income for the fourth quarter of 2024 was $46 million, or $0.96 per diluted share. This compares to the fourth quarter of 2023's $62 million, or $1.29 per diluted share. The OVJP restructuring charges and Korean FX loss resulted in a combined $0.26 reduction to Q4 EPS. Now turning to our 2025 outlook. We expect our 2025 revenues to be in the range of $640 million to $700 million. We estimate that our 2025 ratio of to royalty and licensing revenues will be in the ballpark of 1.4 to 1. Total gross margins are expected to be approximately in the range of 76 to 77%. Operating expenses are expected to grow at a low single digit percentage rate year over year, with R&D expected to remain flat, while SG&A expenses are expected to increase 10 to 15%. 2025 operating margins are expected to be in the range of 35 to 40%. We expect the effective tax rate for 2025 to be approximately 19%. And lastly, we are pleased to announce that the Board of Directors has approved an increase to our quarterly cash dividend. A dividend payment of 45 cents per share will be paid on March 31, 2025 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 17, 2025. The dividend increase reflects the confidence on our robust future growth opportunities, expected continued to cash flow generation, and commitment to return capital to our shareholders. With that, I'll turn the call back to Steve.

Thanks, Brian. At UDC, we pride ourselves on pushing boundaries, exploring new frontiers, and delivering solutions that redefine what's possible. As we look forward to 2025 and beyond, the road ahead is filled with immense opportunity. Across the oil industry, product roadmaps are broadening, and leading display makers are investing in new fabs to meet the growing oil demand, especially in the medium-sized panel market. The coming years are poised to bring meaningful new oil capacity, new oil products, and new oil adoptees. As a pioneer and leader in the ecosystem, we are well positioned to continue supporting our customers and enabling the industry's demand for higher performance and increased functionality in consumer products with our broadening portfolio of energy-efficient, high-performing phosphorescent materials and OLED technologies. I would like to thank each of our employees for their drive, desire, dedication, and heart in elevating and shaping Universal Display's accomplishments and advancements. We are committed to being a leader in the OLED ecosystem, achieving superior long-term growth, and delivering cutting-edge technologies and materials for the industry, for our customers, and for our shareholders. And with that, operator, let's start the Q&A.

Thank you, Mr. Emerson. We will now be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 to remove yourself from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up the handset before pressing the star keys. One moment while we poll for questions. Our first question is from Brian Lee with Goldman Sachs. Please proceed.

Hey, everyone. Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the questions. I wanted to start off with Blue because I know Blue is obviously a key focus. And as you said, Steve, at the outset of the call, it's getting closer than ever. You originally updated the Blue timeline in the language, months, not years. I think on the August call, we're sitting here now late February, it's still months, not years. I mean, if we kind of dial back to when you first started using that terminology, it would presumably mean months, not years is before the end of calendar 2025. Are you willing to commit to that type of finite a timeline? Are you starting the clock over here in February, months, not years, where months from here could actually be early 26?

Yeah. Hey, Brian. Yeah. So back in August, as you said, when we on our Q2 call did announce that we thought it was going to be months, not years, that was months, not years of a delay beyond 2024. So you previously said we expected in 2024 to have commercial performance of our Blue material. So, you know, we're now here in February. So we think this is, you know, kind of month two, so to speak, off of that timeline. As Steve said in his remarks, we continue to be very pleased the progress that we're making and continue to believe that we're on the right path. Just need more time to work internally as well as with our customers to bring into commercialization.

Okay, fair enough. We'll keep tracking the progress on that. I guess question for you, Brian, maybe just on kind of the modeling for this year, I appreciate all the movie pieces, always helpful to get all those line items. Last year was kind of one of the more linear revenue growth years we've seen for you guys. There was not a lot of seasonality from first half to second half. Honestly, like all the quarters were somewhat in the same revenue ballpark. As we think about your $640 to $700 million revenue guidance for the four year 25, like is seasonality coming back to a more normal cadence in 25? As we think about first half, second half trends, you know, Q1 being kind of low point for the year, or are there reasons, drivers, you know, product cycles, etc, that you have visibility into that would suggest 25 looks again like 24?

Yeah, it's a good question. As you said, you know, we typically have had second half orientation to our revenues and our plan for this year does, you know, does have second half being stronger than first half. At the same time, I think there's just a number of different macro uncertainties this year that may cause that to shift. But based on the plan we have as of now, it does look like second half is stronger.

Okay, great. And then last one, and I'll pass it on. I think last quarter, you guys had mentioned a little bit of inventory. I believe it was related to China. I don't know if that was LLG China or just other China manufacturers. Can you kind of update us on, you know, what you see out there in terms of inventory status? Is that all clear into the early part of 25? Are you seeing any drag from that to start the year? Thank you guys.

Yeah, the comment that we made back on the Q3 call about inventory was that we had, you know, anticipated that Q4 was going to be not as strong as it ended up being. We thought our customers may bring some of their inventory levels down heading into the end of the year. I think as of now, we've seen, you know, fairly normal inventory levels. We haven't seen anything out of the ordinary, you know, one direction or another at this point.

Great.

Thank you.

Thanks Brian. Question is from Scott Searle with Russ Capital Partners. Please proceed.

Hey, good afternoon. Thanks for taking the questions. Nice job to end up here with record results. Hey, Steve, in terms of looking at your customers, I guess following up on Brian's question, it doesn't sound like there's a tremendous amount of inventory that's out there with those customers. I'm wondering if you could elaborate on that a little bit looking through the geographic mix. It doesn't seem like there were any major pre-vies or otherwise ahead of potential tariffs. So I'm wondering, you know, if you could just clarify that, the sequential progression that you would expect from December into March for materials and how the geopolitical situation, particularly from a tariff standpoint, is expected to impact you guys in 25?

Yeah, so on inventory, Scott, we, you know, as I said, we had expected Q4 was going to be a bit light than it ended up, lighter than it ended up being because we had expected inventory drawdown heading into the end of the year. As of now, we've seen, you know, fairly normal inventory patterns, normal buying patterns from our customers. You know, as I said, though, there is a lot of uncertainty this year in terms of, you know, macro factors and how that might weigh in, tariffs being one of them. And as it relates to tariffs, I mean, we, you know, have been in the business for three decades, you know, have been doing global trade for that period of time and our experience in, you know, how to successfully navigate and deal with it. But, you know, we're not immune from it either. So it's something that we plan for both in terms of how we source materials in our supply chain, as well as our own manufacturing footprint. Having Shannon in our footprint is certainly, you know, beneficial from a global trade perspective. So it's something that we're planning for and monitoring, but, you know, that's about as much as we can share at this point.

Gotcha. That's helpful. And maybe to follow up in terms of the 25 guidance, 640 to 700 million, I'm wondering if you could articulate the swing factors at the lower end of the range to the higher end of the range. I know it's only middle of February at this point in time, but also if you're not including that, I think your past policy has not been to include it in your assumptions. I'm just kind of wondering if the co-resolve pattern is all in that sense.

Yeah, so on the factors for the range, you know, we certainly have a base case that's within the range and upside and downside opportunities off of that, just based on really consumer demand, as well as, you know, development work at our customers and how that might fluctuate both on red, green and blue. As it relates to blue, we do have blue in our revenue guidance, but it's, not projecting significant growth off of this year, because we do anticipate it's really going to be a development quantity this year, which development quantities a little bit can go a long way as it relates to development. It also tends to be fairly variable quarter to quarter in terms of development quantities that our customers need to advance their blue work.

Okay. Lastly, if I could, just from a capacity addition standpoint, I think you said 10% by the 25 versus the end of 23, but there are quite a large number of fabs that are expected to ramp into production, I think in the second half of 26. I know you probably won't get out ahead of your skills in terms of providing projection to 26, but at this point in time, would you expect to see an inflection in terms of the growth beyond double digits or beyond 10% as we get into 26 from a capacity standpoint? Thanks.

Yeah, I think as you said, we're not in a position right now to 26 guidance other than to say, certainly these new fabs that are being constructed at Samsung, BOE and VisionOx are all positive signs for the years ahead, especially as it relates to the OLED IT market. Great. Thank you. Thanks, Scott.

Our next question is from Mehdi Hussini with SIG. Please proceed.

Yes, thanks for taking my question. A couple of follow-ups for me. On the blue topic, can you help me understand the depth and diversity of the customers that are evaluating? Is that just limited to your largest customer or are various customers from different regions are actually evaluating the blue?

Hi Mehdi. So we're working with multiple customers across multiple regions on blue. So that's about as much as I can share.

Sure. Sure. And just to, for us to better understand the milestones and the thought process, when you say you are months away from commercialization, not years, is that across the board or is there any customer that is ahead of others?

Yeah, we can't speak to our customers' progress other than to say, you know, the months, not years is UDC achieving a commercial design win of blue, of our blue material with a customer.

Okay. And then on the last one for me on, I should have stick in with the blue topic. Was there, is there anyone who can help me understand the R&D revenue associated with blue that you're able to generate? I'm assuming that you're still able to generate a little bit of revenue from the host. So if I just take your material revenue, the rest outside of emitter, how much of R&D blue is included?

So we had $4.6 million of blue sales in 2024 and that was a combination of emitter and host revenues. The majority being emitters, but we have been selling hosts in the past. So that's a good question. Thank you. Thanks.

Our next question is from James with Needham and Company. Please proceed.

All right. Thanks. Don't know if you're going to be in a position to answer this either, but just with respect to the timeline for blue, can you say whether you are in discussions regarding a blue license agreement with your largest customer or do you just anticipate this occurring once you have a commercial design to talk about?

Yeah, I can't talk about the status of any negotiations other than to say, you know, we're always talking to our customers about, you know, a lot of different things on blue and other, you know, red and green as well.

Okay. Brian, just with respect to the 25 guidance, is there any unusual variations in pricing for your materials versus 2024 or is this the guide mainly just a function of the weak, uncertain consumer electronics outlook or maybe a combination of both?

Yeah, there's not a significant, you know, price pressure. We don't, our customer contracts, we don't really have any new agreement, new significant agreements that are up this year. And, you know, we do have, so it's not, there's not significant ASP pressure in 2025. It tends to be more, you know, the latter being, you know, just general demand environment and what that might look like that might drive the higher the low end.

Thank you. Our next question is from Krish Sankar with TD Cowan. Please proceed.

Hi, thanks for taking my questions. This is Stephen calling on behalf of Krish. First one, if I could, on sort of the smartphone end market. Thanks for some of the color earlier in the prepared remarks about, I guess, the estimated number of smartphones to use OLED displays in coming years. Just kind of curious for those targets that you mentioned, or you said market projections, do you anticipate sort of a linear progression in terms of the rising penetration rates or might there be, might that be a bit more weighted towards the outer or later parts of that forecast period, just given some of the market share dynamics between mid-tier and entry-tier hands-on phones in the market?

Yeah, I think it's hard to predict, you know, the exact, you know, slope of the curve or linearity of it, other than to say, you know, OLED smartphones right now, greater than 50% penetrated. In our IR deck, we do have, you know, a deck that projects some data from Omnia of what they're saying some of the penetration rates might be over the next few years. So that's, you know, a guidepost that we look to regularly in terms of the progress. But, you know, certainly all the premium smartphones today are OLEDs, you know, many of the mid-tier and, you know, we're seeing even some of the low-end smartphones adopt OLED displays. So there's opportunity across, you know, all segments of the smartphone market and we expect OLEDs to continue to gain further adoption in that market.

Got it, thanks. And a quick follow-up on operating expenses. So Brian, you mentioned that SG&A would be up this year. Kind of curious, like what are some of the drivers for that? And I guess looking a little further out, is that dynamic going to sort of refer back to more normalized, like both R&D and SG&A growing kind of in tandem going forward after that?

Yeah, this is, I think, you know, a little bit of a one-time step up, so to speak. I mean, we have, you know, a very lean organization. We've always operated that way. We will continue to do that. But there's certain areas that we want to, you know, put additional resource behind to make sure we're prepared for the growth in the next few years, as well as, you know, to some degree as well. We're looking at our local support in Asia for our customers and making sure that we're supporting them as much as we can locally. So there's, you know, some element of SG&A that's going to that effort.

Got it. If I could squeeze one more in, also about sort of operating costs, just with the OVJP operations restructuring and movement of the operations to Singapore, I was curious, like, are you able to quantify what that cost savings is by moving operations to Singapore compared to in California? And any thoughts on sort of like timeline to mature revenues from a strategic standpoint for that business? Thanks.

Yeah, so it is a net savings, the move from California to Singapore. And, you know, that's part of the reason why our R&D expense is projected to be flat in 2025 off of 24 is because of the fact that there are some savings due to winding up the California location. In terms of revenues for OVJP and UVJC, which is our Singapore subsidiary, you know, too early to really put any poster other than to say we're very happy to have Chandra and the new leadership on board there and, you know, feel very optimistic about, you know, their prospects going forward.

Okay, thank you.

Thanks.

As a reminder, to star one on your telephone keypad, if you would like to ask a question, our next question is from Martin Yang with Oppenheimer and Company. Please proceed.

All right, thank you for taking my question. A quick follow up on the previous speaker regarding OPEX. Is there any other cuts or incremental savings on R&D other than OVJP for 2025?

No, OVJP, Martin stands out as the, you know, significant area that we're, you know, just I think it's really just a pivot and a, you know, kind of realignment of our efforts there. And, you know, we're setting up a team in Singapore. It's going to be a, you know, smaller team than what we had in California. And, you know, that's really the big area that's have changed in 2025.

Thanks, Brian. My next question is around this year's guidance. How much of your outlook regarding new install capacity by the end of 25? How much of that is a factor in your guidance, more specifically in your annual revenue growth?

A relatively small piece of it relates to, you know, the growth that may be needed for that. I mean, it's not a significant component of the growth in 25 off of 24.

Thank you. My last question is just confirm your comment on Blue. When you initially said Blue's delay is in months, not years, essentially that's clock start ticking in your original intention start ticking from the beginning of 25 or end of 24?

That's right. So we went back in August when we said we thought it was going to be, you know, a delay of months and not years, that delay was beyond 2024. So, you know, kind of started a month ago, so to speak. So this is, it was really, as you recall, our prior, you know, expectation and communication had been that we thought in 24, we would have commercial performance of Blue. And, you know, this now is really, you know, months and not years beyond 24.

Thank you, Brian. That's it for me.

Thanks.

Our final question is from at if Malik with City, please proceed.

Hi, thank you for taking my questions. Brian, your materials sales, they grew like 14% last year and and you see maybe a 4% type growth this year. So mark deceleration. Can you just help us out? How did the market do last year, the LED materials market last year and what are your expectations for the market this year?

Yeah, so we are projecting, you know, slower growth in 25. You know, 23 was also, you know, a down year. So, you know, it's a little bit of a, the reason why the growth rate in 24 was as high as it was, was also coming off of a fairly lower base in 2023. And I think, you know, if you look at the industry growth rate and what, you know, capacity demand is this year, you know, -6% thereabouts is kind of what a lot of the analysts of all the industry are projecting in terms of square area growth. And if you look at our business historically, because of customer efficiencies, as well as volume price dynamics, and otherwise, you know, our growth rates have typically been, you know, just shy of the overall industry growth for those reasons. And so we think our guidance range is, you know, fairly in line with what the industry is projecting.

Got it. And on the blue emitter, is your understanding that you are, you guys are going to be sole sourced on that or there is competition that's also competing for blue?

Yeah, we believe that all paths to high efficiency blue go through our materials. And so that's our position. We don't believe there's anything competitive to us.

Great. And then lastly, you know, China semiconductor market, they're doubling down on materials on the semiconductor side. And, you know, the question comes up with investors in terms of what you're seeing in terms of competition from local China material suppliers on these emitter materials. Can you update us what you see there?

It is, you know, certainly the Chinese market has been one where there are a number of local players on the material side that, you know, have come up in the last few years. And it's something we monitor very closely. Many of them are focused on areas of the OLED stack that are not competitive to us. There are some that are, you know, trying to compete in our space. We continue to believe that due to our long standing customer relationships, the quality of our materials, our vast patent portfolio that, you know, we will continue to be the leader, you know, for the foreseeable future in the space.

Great.

Thanks. Thanks, Dr.

Thank you. This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Brian Miller for any additional or closing remarks.

Thank you for your time today. We appreciate your interest and support.

Thank you. This will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time and thank you for your participation.