Photronics, Inc.

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Photronics Q2 2021 Earnings Results Conference Call. At this time, all the participants are in a listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session, and instructions will follow at that time. If anyone should require assistance during the conference, please press star, then zero on your touchtone telephone. As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded Wednesday, May 26, 2021. I would now like to turn the conference over to Troy Dewar, Vice President of Investor Relations.

Thank you, Whitney. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to our review of Photronix 2021 Second Quarter Financial Results. Joining me this morning are Peter Curlin, our Chief Executive Officer, John Jordan, our Chief Financial Officer, and Chris Proggler, our Chief Technology Officer. The press release we issued earlier this morning along with the presentation material which accompanies our remarks are available on the investor relations section of our webpage. Comments made by any participants on today's call may include forward-looking statements that include such words as anticipate, believe, estimate, expect, forecast in our view. These forward-looking statements are based upon a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that are difficult to predict. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied, and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking information. At this time, I will turn the call over to Peter.

Thank you, Troy, and good morning, everyone. Our Q2 performance was strong as we achieved record revenues with growth across both IC and FPD. The one exception was mainstream FPD, where customers continue to focus on current LCD production rather than releasing new displays. This had little to no impact on our business because our FPD capacity was sold out, predominantly making higher value masks for AMOLED and LTPS mobile displays. Business across the semiconductor and display industries was strong for nearly all participants in Q2, driven by wafer starts and or capital equipment investment. The photo mass market has joined the party as design activity as well as installation of new manufacturing lines drove an uptick in demand. We expect this will continue, and our position as the largest merchant photo mass manufacturer should enable us to continue to invest and grow with these industry trends. Margin has improved in the quarter, as we were able to leverage higher revenue into expanding gross and operating margins. This has been an area of focus for us, and I am pleased with the solid progress we made during the quarter. As we look into the future, we expect margins to continue to expand based on a plan underpinned by three initiatives. The first is to grow our top line and realize the benefits from higher operating leverage once we exceed the fixed cost in our model. There are several opportunities we are pursuing for revenue growth. One is winning the lion's share of the market in China, as our customers execute against the country's Made in China 2025 policy. This drives demand for both IC and FPD photo masks. We have built and ramped two manufacturing plants in China, both of which are fully equipped with the initial wave of tools and operating profitably with momentum. Beyond those greenfield investments, we are adding point tools to many of our sites to address specific market needs and customer commitments. Finally, we anticipate an expansion of captive outsourcing as EUV technology ramps, creating a need for these customers to outsource more of their non-EUV radicals. The second component of our margin expansion is to leverage our market and technology leadership, especially amassed from mobile displays, driving better mix and better margins. Panel capacity is growing, especially in China, as more mobile displays adopt this technology. This includes not only smartphones, but also laptops and tablets. There is an increasing proliferation of both manufacturers and products, creating a rich environment for new designs and therefore new masks. We are the recognized leader in AMOLED mask technology, and we will use this position to maintain and expand our market share. This will drive higher revenue and product mix, as AMOLED carries some of the best ASPs across our product line. The final piece of our margin improvement plan is to leverage our scale to drive cost out. Two areas we are focused on are materials and equipment maintenance. By far, our largest spend on materials is blanks, and we are driving to standardization, thereby eliminating complexity and cost, as well as to help newer sectors for example, G10.5+, to mature, which improves our supplier's efficiency and cost. On service, we are expanding our use of self-maintenance, allowing us to optimize the amount we spend on service contracts. This lowers total cost and improves uptime, as we can more quickly respond to and fix issues. We operate in a high fixed cost environment, Approximately one-fifth of our cost of goods sold is depreciation. Because of this, in addition to intensely managing the variable cost items I just discussed above, and many I did not, we must make solid investment decisions when spending on capital equipment. This requires a disciplined investment strategy to put us on the path for improving returns on investment. We are now entering the next stage of our investment strategy, which is based on a phased approach. We completed phase one by building two new facilities in China and equipping them with tools to enable initial product ramps. We are now executing phase 1A in FPD by adding point tools to supplement operations and selectively expand capacity in China, as well as other locations, bringing better balance to our global factory. Our IC Phase 1A will occur primarily during fiscal 2022 with new point tools to enhance operating capacity and efficiency. Due to the nature of the equipment we purchase and the capacity of each tool, this phased approach enables us to effectively manage capacity increases while keeping inefficiencies and bottlenecks to a minimum. This investment strategy is not executed in a vacuum. New investments are timed to come online in a robust business environment, along with customer commitments to mitigate investment risk. We have already demonstrated how this approach leads to improved ROI. Before concluding, I would like to briefly address another topic that freely comes up during investor conversations. Many chip manufacturers have announced plans to develop or expand semiconductor manufacturing in the U.S. and Europe. While it's premature to discuss the specific impact these new fabs may have on our business, I believe there is reason to be optimistic. If manufacturing of semiconductors increases, then there will be an increase in demand for photo masks. We have a strong global presence and are prepared to partner with these customers to satisfy their mass demands. Again, there are many steps between here and there, but the impact for us could be meaningfully positive. Through the first half of 2021, we are ahead of last year's pace. Our outlook suggests sequential growth throughout the balance of the year, which would place us ahead of the record revenue in 2020. More importantly, margins are improving, and we are on track to achieve our long-term financial targets. We are a manufacturing company. Records do not happen without everyone rowing in cadence. We'd like to thank all of our employees for your solid execution against our goals in Q2. At this time, I'd like to turn the floor over to John.

Thank you, Peter. Good morning, everyone. Strong revenue growth in the quarter across our markets enabled us to achieve record revenue of $159.8 million. This is a significant accomplishment in that it demonstrates excellent execution on accelerating demand momentum, as new tools are coming online now and over the next several quarters. IC revenue improved 7% sequentially and 16% over last year to $112 million, with growth in both high-end and mainstream nodes. Logic demand was the main driver of high-end growth, with strong demand from foundries primarily in Taiwan and China. Mainstream demand was also strong and provided pricing power in some nodes. Revenue for shipments to customers in China, which includes both high-end and mainstream technologies, improved 23% quarter over quarter and 53% over last year. China has been a vital market over the last several years. Since 2018, our revenue for products shipped into China has more than doubled for both IC and FPD. With continued business development efforts and strategic investments, we anticipate continued growth in the region. Demand for mobile displays on smartphones, tablets, and PCs was the primary driver of continued strong FPD demand, helping to increase revenue 1% sequentially and 4% over last year's second quarter to $47.8 million. AMOLED and LTPS technologies are in high demand, as more consumer electronics now use these higher-value displays. We have benefited from this inflection as the leader in FPD photo mask technology, selling masks into many product offerings, including premium smartphones that will hit the market this fall. This high-end growth in FPD more than offset decreased mainstream FPD revenue. As we've pointed out for the last two quarters, demand for mainstream LCD remains low as the panel produces maximize output and profitability of current products to take advantage of strong market dynamics. Internally, we prioritize production of higher value AMOLED and LTPS masks to optimize the financial results from our capacity. Our demand outlook for both IC and FPD is positive with growing confidence As we enter the second half of the year, it appears to us that the trends we've been monitoring over the last few quarters are continuing, and our expectations are solidifying for sequential growth to continue throughout the rest of the year. As more FPD tools come online during the second half of the year, we expect that they will quickly ramp to full production by the end of Q4. In IC, the E-beam 9000 in Xiamen is well along in its production ramp, and we have a number of tools coming online over the next several quarters to expand mainstream capacity, which should support continued growth going forward. As our top line improved, we were able to leverage that growth into expanded profitability. Gross margins improved 450 basis points to 24.6%, and operating margins improved 530 basis points to to 13%. The margin improvement is testament to the effect of our operating leverage and cost improvement efforts. Together with pricing actions, we took on some mainstream IC nodes, resulting in sequential incremental margins of 113% and 117%, respectively. We are pleased with these results. They show the capability we have to deliver improved profit margins and place us in the range of our long-term target model. There is still work to be done, but this validates our progress and strengthens our confidence that we are well on our way toward delivering on our targets. Other income in the P&L reflects a credit-to-interest expense from subsidy receipts in accordance with our China investment agreement somewhat offset by an unrealized FX loss. Net income attributable to non-controlling interests increased significantly based upon higher earnings from our ICJVs. Improved income and lower share count resulted in 17 cents of earnings per diluted share. Cash was $256 million at the end of the quarter with $114 million in long-term debt. The increase in debt this year was due in large part to new low fixed rate tool leases. We generated $32 million in operating cash flow and invested $56 million in CapEx, while also receiving $5 million in government incentives for equipment investments in China. We returned an additional $10 million to shareholders and share repurchases, which brings to 3.7 million shares and $41 million in spent to date of the $100 million authorization that began in September 2020. For fiscal 2021, we've increased our expectation for CapEx from our previous guidance of $100 million to approximately $120 million, as we now plan to strategically invest in point tools to increase mainstream IC capacity. Before I provide third-quarter guidance, I'll remind you that our visibility is always limited as our backlog is typically only one to three weeks, and demand for some of our products is inherently uneven and difficult to predict. Additionally, the ASPs for high-end mask sets are high, and as this segment of the business grows, a relatively low number of high-end orders can have a significant impact on our quarterly revenue and earnings. Government actions to address health concerns or trade policy may also have an impact on our results. Given those caveats, we expect third quarter revenue to be in the range of $162 to $172 million. Key indicators for our markets suggest that strong demand will continue throughout the third quarter and likely beyond Thus, we are expanding our capacity to align with these trends and expand our share of the growing market. Based upon our year-to-date performance and guidance for Q3, we anticipate meeting our 2021 revenue guidance of high single-digit percentage growth. Based on those revenue expectations and our current operating model, we estimate earnings per share for the third quarter to be in the range of 19 cents per to 25 cents per diluted share. Implied in that model is an operating margin of 13 to 16 percent on pace to hit our 2021 target. Our second quarter performance was a meaningful step up from the first quarter as market demand grew and our earnings profile improved. We expect another step forward in Q3 further aided by additional capacity. We are pleased with our performance through the first six months of 2021 and look forward to continued success for the rest of the year. I'll now turn the call over to the operator for your questions.

Ladies and gentlemen, if you have a question at this time, please press the star and then the number one key on your touchtone telephone. If your question has been answered or you wish to remove yourself from the queue, please press the pound key. Our first question comes from the line of Patrick Ho with Stifle.

Thank you very much, and congrats on a nice quarter and outlook. Peter, maybe first off, in terms of the pickup in the mainstream business, that's not much of a surprise, but I guess I was pleasantly surprised to hear about the price increases. Can you discuss how sustainable they are given current market trends and potential strong demand that goes into 2022. Are these pricing increases sustainable?

Yeah, so the price increase that we implemented a price increase in the mainstream in China and Taiwan. The reason we did that is the industry, not just our, but the industry's capacity is sold out. So there's no place for the business to go. So the business is sticky. And our market intelligence tells us that our largest competitor has followed us. So that also points to a price increase that is going to be sticky. And regarding how it impacted our financial performance at the consolidated level was about one gross margin point last quarter. And given that the price increase was implemented over the quarter, it should be another gross margin point at the consolidated level for the company in the coming quarter. So with the demand being as strong as it is, with the industry, photo mask industry in the mainstream being sold out, with the competitors, large ones in particular, you know, participating, you know, all that points to, you know, a price increase that is going to be with us for, you know, quite some time.

Great. That's helpful. And maybe as my follow-up question, you noted that you saw strong demand on the logic side of things, particularly at the high end or at the advanced nodes. Can you discuss what you're seeing on the memory front as that marketplace starts to show some signs of improvement as well? Is that going to help contribute overall to revenues as well as the margin profile?

Yeah, so just to go back, we actually wrote it in the script and took it out because no one seems to care what happened last quarter or the quarter before the current quarter. But I think what we said last quarter on the call was the logic business, not the memory, but our high-end logic business was behaving like it used to when you had an upcycle that was heavily loaded at the front end with an inventory build. And that's indeed exactly what happened. The mass demand is about a quarter or so lag behind a ramp in the capital equipment, so our logic business recovered nicely in the current quarter, so we took high-end mainstream business off our high-end tools and replaced it with high-end business because demand is built in more or less as we expected it to based on long years in the industry. As far as our memory business is concerned, It was more or less level as we would expect it to be. It stepped up last quarter. It leveled. As the memory market improves, it could certainly be reflected in better demand or more demand, not better, but more demand for Photronics. The key for us in managing that high-end business is is making sure that we have the capacity in place to handle it. And this current quarter, we have a 9K in China that just touched the last month of the current quarter. It was installed in October. We've been rushing to get it qualified. And it should contribute meaningful revenue this quarter and, of course, in the fourth quarter significantly more. So we have incremental high-end capacity in Asia as needed to address the memory market. Likewise, we have capacity in Boise that can address and will address an uptick in memory demand. So yeah, memory gets better. We, I think, have the best merchant technology in memory, and we ought to be able to effectively exploit it. Thank you very much. Chris, would you like to make any comments about our position in memory?

I mean, I can just add, Peter, as Patrick knows, memory is on a trajectory really very strong this year. Maybe it's going to hit a new all-time record, total memory chip market in 2022. So trajectory is very good. I will also notice that the litho equipment spend is skewed towards logic. So the memory people do not seem to be adding capacity in lithography. That would cause what I would consider a oversupply situation, which is often what happens. So market seems very healthy and fairly stable. And with that, as Peter said, our memory technology, we believe, is at least a node, maybe node and a half ahead of the competitors. On the commercial side, we have a joint development agreement with a leading memory company working in tandem with them on processor record development. Now for the 1C node, which is a very advanced technology. So So memory is a good story for us. The market is stable. As far as the growth potential, that is harder to say. I think, you know, memory people are going to keep CapEx and capacity ads a little bit muted. So I would say slow, steady increase in node migration in our memory business, which is actually a healthy thing.

Great. Thank you very much. Thank you, Patrick.

Okay, our next question is from the line of Gus Richard with Northland.

Yes, good morning. Thanks for taking the question. I just wanted to dig into CapEx a little bit. Could you give us a split, you know, this year and for the last quarter from FPD and IC?

Yeah, so I'll answer the question generally. In the current quarter, We have, in the current quarter, so last quarter we, as I mentioned, we have a 9000 that was installed actually in October coming online. The current quarter we're adding capacity predominantly in FPD with one litho tool being installed It's actually an advanced laser rider in Taiwan in the IC market. So this quarter is dominated by FPD with one, what I would call opportunistic, add to the mainstream IC business in Taiwan where the market is strong. So someone else, one of our competitors are a captive, they changed their mind about that order. And it was a tool that was already built in the IC side of the business, and we were very anxious to grab it. So we did. So it affected our CapEx planning for the year. As far as FPD is concerned, those three tools that are being installed in the current quarter or next quarter, we announced them, geez, more than a year ago. They're targeted at the AMOLED market, more or less, where we're sold out. And they're backed by, at the time we announced they were backed by three contracts with no more than $40 million a year annual business commitment. Well, in the current quarter, we actually got another customer to sign a three-year contract. for AMOLED capacity that raises that commitment level up to $55 million, which means those tools are sold out for the foreseeable future as soon as we can get them running. Yeah, so that's kind of the quick summary of where the money's going.

Okay, and then You know, in terms of your IC spend, some of it's going to go for leading-edge or new capacity. Some of it's going to go for de-bottlenecking of mature. How much can you increase your mature output by de-bottlenecking some of your lines?

Yeah, that's a point-in-time question. You know, Gus, because right now, again, right, the mainstream, what's unique about the mainstream market versus the high end is normally the first two reticles need to be delivered within 24 hours. So you can't build them and ship them, not effectively. They've got to be built locally. So where the mainstream market is sold out is, you know, China and Taiwan. China and Taiwan, I'm sorry. We... can, by de-bottlenecking lines, raise our mainstream capacity somewhere in the $30 to $50 million zone without having to install new lines. That's about as much, I think, as we can possibly hope to get. Now, if the mainstream market being sold out would become a global phenomenon, That would be a different question, and I don't have a good answer to that question right now.

Got it. And then last one for me, you know, with the increase in CapEx, will there be a headwind? You've got pricing uplift in gross margins in this quarter. Is there any headwind from increased depreciation in the current quarter due to the added CapEx?

If there is any, it will be very fleeting because when the tools are installed, they can immediately be loaded. The good thing about mainstream is the high end is difficult because qualification times are nine to 12 months. Mainstream qualification times are usually 30 days or less, sometimes zero. So we may see a little phase lag, one quarter, There may be, depends, right? One quarter, there might be a little bit of a drag, but in the next quarter, it will be completely gone, and likely not at all. You know, margins will be diminished in the first quarter for that particular tool, but given how quickly mainstream tools ramp, it would be a very fleeting effect.

We also have a little tailwind from, excuse me, Gus, some of the tools are coming off depreciation. They're reaching the end of their depreciable life, so that kind of offsets the increases from some of the new tools. Okay.

That was a... Obviously, our objective is always to minimize or eliminate effects. We have, as I reiterated, we always have cost reduction programs running. I just got off a two-hour... conference call last night where we discussed our global efforts. But anyways, the best place in this company, you know, SPD is better than IC generally, but mainstream IC is even better than SPD from the standpoint of, you know, speed to, you know, qualification. So for us, like Nirvana, is to be adding mainstream tools because If you add them into a strong market, they ramp the volume very quickly. And that's where the margin leverage is or isn't.

Okay. The question is generic across all your CapEx, including FDD. But my takeaway from your answer is you're going to see minimum headwinds from increased depreciation in the coming quarter. Is that correct?

That's correct.

Okay. That's it for me. Thank you.

Thank you, Gus.

Your next question is from Tom Diffley with DA Davidson.

Yeah, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. First question is on the flat panel display business. Obviously, very healthy today. Talked about capacity constraints, a strong AMOLED market. But I'm curious what the activity is like for the Gen 10.5, and is it enough to fully utilize those tools for what they're best at?

Yeah, so last quarter, the G10.5 market was, you know, frozen. There was virtually no demand across the industry. In the current quarter, we're expecting, you know, market demand to, you know, pick back up in G10.5. With our FPD capacity, if we're not building G10.5, we're generally – were those tools building amoled reticles, which maybe it hurts the top line a little bit, but it improves the profitability. So it's a balancing act. But I guess to answer your question, those tools, the RFPD factory capacity was completely consumed in the quarter. The 82% high end is the highest number I can remember here at Photronics, and I've been here for almost 13 years now. So the mix of the business was really good, and that was essentially with a frozen G10.5 market. So we're, as I said, expecting and already seeing, actually, as we sit here, we've already shipped or either ship or have in with more G 10.5 business now that we did all quarter last quarter. So that's the market is coming back.

Okay, that's great to hear. And then just a broader question, Peter, when you look at the margin structure of a wholly owned flat pedal display business, that joint venture on the IC side, How do you decide when to make the investments in your phase one days between the two? Is there a market difference between margins with the wholly owned versus the JVs?

Generally, there's a lot of moving pieces in our various businesses, high-end, mainstream, FBD, IFC, over long periods, right, or integrated over time, you know, if you look at the mainstream business, right, depreciation is really low, materials costs are higher, percent of revenue, and I see it kind of washes out. In the FBD business, it's a much more dynamic market. So demand and pricing for different products tends to move much more rapidly than in the IC business. And in SPD, in one occasion, we actually have pricing power for spread periods, but then the market swings again. So anyways, when we look at our you know, investment decisions, generally what we're doing is looking at where our capacity is fully utilized. So we prefer to add, obviously, add tools into technology nodes and locations where we have the highest confidence we can ramp those tools to, you know, volume quickly. And one of the key factors in that is do we have customer commitments, contracts or not? So over the last several years, we've aspired to get customer commitments to load our tools before we actually buy them. And as you pointed out, there's some financial ramifications to whether We make investments in wholly owned businesses or joint ventures. So it is a very complicated matrix that we go through when we decide to make incremental investments. The general guiding principle at the very highest levels are ROI and market share. And there's a whole host of issues below that that are considered. But it's not straightforward.

Okay. That makes sense. And I guess along those same lines, John, when you look at the minority interest and if we assume that we have sequential growth through the end of the year, would you expect that line item to continue to rise as well?

I think so, Tom.

Okay. And then last... Go ahead. Last question then. When you look at the $120 million of CapEx, I think at some point you had said that once you get that capacity installed, you would already have enough capacity to meet your long-term, your three-year target model?

I think what we said was we would have enough capacity to get into the bottom, sort of into the matrix, right, for a three-year target model.

Okay, great. All right, thanks for your time.

Thank you, Tom.

Again, to ask a question, press star 1 on your telephone keypad. Your next question is from the line of Oren Hirschman with AIGH.

Hi. Congratulations on the progress. Just a very general question. You know, one of the things that obviously had an effect in Q1 and Q2 was that the industry, like you said, the semi-industry was so busy trying to, you know, make the most of the existing products that were being shipped. Can you just reiterate, has that process begun to change a little bit, where all of a sudden they're busier on new designs, which is a positive for you and the industry as a whole?

Yeah, there's a dynamic shift occurring in our IC business, particularly in logic, where particularly in the foundry business, a customer will not release a new design unless they can get wafers. It doesn't make any sense. So historically, if you look back 15 or 20 years ago when the industry was very different, when we would see an industry upcycle, mass demand would always phase lag an uplift in the semiconductor industry because the very first step was to replenish inventory. So we've seen that before. As the industry matured and growth generally, competitive annual growth in the industry came down, That phenomena slowly over time damped. This cycle in logic, again, not in memory, and I see it looked like it in the old days. And our business, you know, here we are a quarter later, you know, is behaving like the old days where we're starting to see a shift. So, yeah, it's a dynamic shift in the business. And in FPD, you know, there were different, you know, drivers why the business changed. at the beginning of our first quarter was a bit soft, and those had more to do with U.S. sanctions continually ratcheting up against Huawei and their impact on the mobile display market in general. That's also worked its way through, so we aren't seeing those effects in our business today. you know, more dynamic and more in line with, you know, the industry tone just generally.

One follow-up question on that point by panel analyst. The screen's obviously getting much more complex, you know, with features built into the screen like, you know, fingerprint recognition, et cetera. How does that play into your mass demand?

It plays into it beautifully. If you look at a at a rigid AMOLED display like that we would have seen in a leading-edge mobile phone, say, five years – three to five years ago, take maybe 12 to 13 mass levels to make that display. If you look at a leading-edge AMOLED display today, you can easily – the more The number, the mass count is somewhere around 20, could be as high as 25 levels. So the mass count's almost doubled because of the added features that are being built into flexible displays today. So yeah, that's a very positive, I didn't speak to that, but that's a very positive trend in our AMOLED business. And of course, there's a very large Korean customer of ours that is leading the charge on building more and more complexity and more and more capability into AMOLED displays.

The last question is a two-part question. It's just in terms of capacity, of course, the industry in both segments, obviously it's very tight. It's been documented in DigiTimes and other places, the tightness that you're describing. You know, it's almost no secret, although I'm sure there's a little bit of a secret here and there in terms of competitors, including you in that group, you know, knowing there aren't a lot of them left. On the merchant side, knowing who's ordered what in terms of capacity, also knowing that the lead times on these tools continue to stretch. You know, that's reflective of a price increase that you put in, which, you know, whoever heard of price increases in recent times or ever, Where does this all go in the next few quarters? You know, could you continue to see price increases just because there just isn't capacity across anybody on the merchant side, period? And, again, this plays into the last question. If you're going to need more masks as the screen complexity gets harder and everybody's sold out across the board, what does that mean as well?

Okay, well, yeah. So the price increases we put in the last quarter implemented were – in mainstream IC in Taiwan and China. This is where the market is, the market's oversold. If you look at the FPD business, I don't believe, or we don't believe, any one of our competitors was sold out in the prior, in this, in RQ2. The reason for that is, Although the AMOLED business is very vibrant, the LCD business is not so. What is happening in the LCD business is the industry, as a result of G10.5 and its impact on the display business, nearly everyone a year ago, LG is probably a public company or AUO, and they'll go look. They were all losing money because the inherent cost to produce a G10.5 is substantially lower. So China invested in G10.5. Prices dropped dramatically on large format displays for TVs, and everybody lost money. And COVID created an upsurge in demand for IT displays in particular. which is the same capacity that's used to make TV displays, and all of a sudden, everybody's now making money. If you look, in the last 12 months, the price of a 32-inch display has tripled. Tripled. And the price of a 65- or 75-inch display has doubled. So all our customers in the LCD market that were starving... you know, are making hay while the sun shines, so to speak, trying to replenish, you know, their balance sheets. So the demand for new masks and LCDs is actually not all that strong. We are the technology leader by a mile in the FPD market. It allows us to be sold out when no one else is. So I do think if you look at the industry that we're going to see, LCD panel prices peak maybe in the third quarter. And then, you know, again, they'll start to slowly leak away. That actually will be a very good time for the mass bakers because when that happens, the industry's response, again, we've been doing this for a very long time, is to try to win market share with new products. So there will be a design bubble that actually occurs when paddle prices start declining in the LCD sector. And I suspect at that time, the entire industry for FPD will be sold out, and that will be the time to raise prices there.

Okay. Thank you very much.

Your next question is a follow-up from Tom Diffley with DA Davidson.

Yes, thank you for a follow-up question. This is more of a technology question, and maybe for Chris. So earlier you talked about how the rise of EUV is absorbing some of the capacity of the industry and perhaps leading to some overflow work for you. So the question is, do you use just standard writing tools to create these masks? And if so, could you possibly do an EUV mask set over time?

Thanks, Tom. So the EUV masks today are built with the standard riding tools. That's what we use. And also it's probably the largest use case for the kind of new generation of so-called multi-beam mask riding tools. So those both participate. Most of the highest end kind of captive EUV masks today are built on multi-beam mask riding tools. For Photronics, we have a fairly robust development and I would say revenue generating pilot program on EUV already. And we use our standard writers for that. We're a development partner. It's been publicly announced with IBM. In New York, we build, we don't know, but we think the vast majority of their EUV masks. I think you've seen the announcement they just made on a two nanometer transistor demo. So we are embedded in the EUV kind of learning and development cycle in that way. And we're using kind of our core high-end tool set today for that. For commercial mask making, turnkey EUV line, we think that has some bit of time to evolve. We're watching it closely. And at that time, more than likely, multi-beam sorts of e-beam writing systems will be necessary really to meet the cycle times and productivity for those EUV masks.

Okay, great. Thanks, Chris. Appreciate it. You're welcome.

Ladies and gentlemen, there are no further questions at this time. I will now turn the call over to Peter Kerling for closing remarks.

We are glad you were able to join us this morning and appreciate your interest in Photronics. The first half of 2021 has been marked with good market demand, strong performance across our organization, and improving financial results. We anticipate the second half of 2021 will be even better and look forward to updating you on our progress.

Ladies and gentlemen, that concludes the conference call for today. We thank you for your participation and ask that you please disconnect your line.