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spk10: Good morning ladies and gentlemen and thank you for your patience. Your conference will begin shortly. Once again, thank you for your patience. The conference will begin shortly. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to the Pinnacle Financial Partners fourth quarter 2023 earnings call. Hosting the call today from Pinnacle Financial Partners is Mr. Terry Turner, Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. Harold Carpenter, Chief Financial Officer. Please note Pinnacle's earnings release and this morning's presentation are available on the Investor Relations page of their website at www.pnfp.com. Today's call is being recorded and will be available for replay on Pinnacle Financial's website for the next 90 days. At this time, all participants have been placed on a listen-only mode. The floor will be open for your questions following the presentation. If you'd like to ask a question at that time, please press star 1 on your touchtone phone. Analysts will be given preference during the Q&A. We ask that you please pick up your headset if you're to allow optimum sound quality. During the presentation, we may make comments which may constitute forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and other facts that may cause actual results, performance, or achievements of Pinnacle Financial to differ materially from any results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Many of such factors are beyond Pinnacle Financial's ability to control or predict, and listeners are cautioned to not put undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The more detailed description of these and other risks contained in Pinnacle Financial's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, and its subsequently filed quarterly reports. Pinnacle Financial disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this presentation, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise. In addition, these remarks may include certain non-GAAP financial measures as defined by SEC Regulation G. A presentation of the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures and a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to the comparable GAAP measures will be available on Pinnacle Financial's website at www.pnfp.com. With that, I'm now going to turn the presentation over to Mr. Terry Turner, Pinnacle's President and CEO.
spk05: Thank you, Matthew. Good morning.
spk14: Thank you for joining us this morning for the fourth quarter 2023 earnings call. Obviously, we'll focus on performance in the fourth quarter of 23 and our outlook for 2024, both of which I think are very good. We always start with the shareholder value dashboard on a GAAP basis, and then as adjusted, which is really what I focus on in trying to manage the firm. There's no doubt 2023 presented one of the most difficult operating environments for banks since the Great Recession. I expect few, if any, banks were able to completely outrun the rain environment and its impact on revenue and earnings growth in 2023. But despite the difficult operating environment, we grew our tangible book value 14.8% in 2023 and produced a 20% total shareholder return. Our unusual approach of investing in our business, particularly in terms of acquiring new talent, even during difficult times, is one of the primary reasons we've been able to continue to take share and grow balance sheet volumes, which, of course, has accounted for our rapid and reliable growth in revenue and earnings, which we believe accounts for our extraordinary total shareholder return over nearly two and a half decades now. We've said for some time that it's our expectation that credit metrics have to normalize. It's impossible to operate over time at the very low level of problem loans that we've enjoyed over the last two years. We saw a little bit of that in the fourth quarter, but NPAs and classified assets still remain below our five-year median, which is itself very low. And net charge-offs during the quarter were just 17 basis points. So fourth quarter of 23 was an excellent quarter for us, particularly on those metrics that point to future shareholder value creation And so with that in mind, let me turn it over to Harold for a more in-depth look at the quarter.
spk15: Thanks, Terry. Good morning, everybody. We'll again start with deposits. Reporting late quarter annualized average growth of 4.6% in the fourth quarter, which we believe was a real positive for us. We did see some interview deposit outflows that lowered our EOP balances and are hopeful to see those balances return this quarter. EOP deposit rates were up only seven basis points, the smallest increase in quite some time. We felt like the rate of increase for deposit rates was slow as we entered the fourth quarter, so we're pleased with where we ended up. Deposit prices fell down quite a bit with fluctuations in our overall rates driven somewhat by mixed shift as several larger, more expensive depositors built balances at year end. We remained disciplined as to the relationship between pricing and growth of deposits. We will continue at a more deliberate pace for gathering deposits without leaning heavily on the rate component for our growth. As to loans, the fourth quarter was another strong loan growth quarter for us as we are reporting a 10.7% linked quarter annualized average loan growth for the fourth quarter. As we've mentioned over the last several quarters, we are pleased with our results on fixed rate loan pricing, which ended the quarter with average fixed rate loan yields on new rate originations of 7.33%. Spread maintenance on floating and variable rate loans continues to be strong with coupons in the high sevens and low eights on new loans. This slide segments our net loan growth based on several categories to help everyone better understand the source of our expansion into DC, Atlanta, Birmingham, et cetera, was a source of much of our loan growth in 2023. That's why we're so excited about our announced entry into Jacksonville. We hire experienced bankers in these new markets and give them the tools and resources to build a large local franchise. Much of our loan growth is not to new borrowers showing up at Pinnacle Bank with a new idea to pitch. Our borrowers have extended relationships with relationship managers over, in many cases, decades of working with each other. This is not just true for Charlotte, Nashville, Charleston, and other legacy markets, but that applies to Atlanta, D.C., Birmingham, as well as Jacksonville. As the top chart reflects, our NIM was flat quarter over quarter. We had hoped to see a modest increase and continue to believe we have great opportunity to see NIM expansion in 2024. As we entered the fourth quarter, we felt like we were fairly close to bottom of our margin and have some confidence that we have. More importantly, we feel we should see a stronger net interest income as we move into 2024. Our interest rate forecast, we believe, is consistent with most rate forecasts out there. Our planning assumption is that future Fed rate decreases begin in May, and then we see three more before the end of the year. Importantly, our yield curve shift is that it will be less inverted by year end. As for credit, we're again presenting our traditional credit metrics. Pinnacle's loan portfolio continued to perform very well in the fourth quarter. Our belief is that credit should continue to perform well as we move into 2024. Absent a couple of large charge-offs in 2023, 2023 was a good year as to losses realized from our portfolio. We mentioned one non-performing credit in the press release last night. Debated on whether to call it out or not as the average for all of our NPAs is 27 basis points, which is very respectable in comparison to prior quarters, But given the change from prior quarter, we decided to talk about that one credit. We feel that particular credit is well down the road of being rehabilitated and expect no loss currently. Similarly, there was an isolated incidents in both classifieds and past dues. We've downgraded the Chattanooga credit to classified late in the fourth quarter. And one credit also accounted for substantially all the net change in past dues. For that credit, the borrower did pay interest current before year end, but we were past maturity and waiting on the bar to settle a few matters before granting the renewal, which we anticipate in the next week or so. Concerning commercial real estate, again, some select information. As to the top left chart, construction originations are very selective and reserved for projects where we have a strategic reason to participate. For those that follow regulatory ratios, our 100% concentration ratio was at 84% at year end, roughly the same as the prior quarter. Our goal is to reduce that ratio to about 70% over the next four quarters. Our appetite for construction lending will remain limited at this time. Secondly, much discussion about renewals of commercial real estate fixed-rate loans, which is the objective of the chart on the top right. Over the next four quarters, we will have approximately $500 million in fixed-rate commercial real estate coming up for repricing, where the average rate on these loans is currently around 4.5%. Our current yield target for these loans at renewal will be in the 7.5% to 8% range. Altogether, we have about $6 billion of fixed-rate loans maturing over the next two years with a weighted average yield of 4.8%. Thus, we see real opportunity from a repricing perspective for these loans. Now on to fees, and as always, I'll speak to BHG in a few minutes. Excluding BHG and various other non-recurrent fees, fee revenues are up 1% to 2% link orders. We are very pleased to report that our wealth management units had a strong 2023 and we fully expect the efforts of our wealth management professionals will continue into 2024. As we noted in last night's press release, we accomplished a significant BOLI restructuring program during the quarter as we sought to increase yields on about $740 million in BOLI contracts with various carriers. In the end, we feel like the payback period on the approximately $16 million in charges we incurred during the quarter is around a year and a half. We believe the anticipated tax equivalent cash yield on our entire BOLI portfolio as a result of all this will approximate 4.5% in 2024 and 5.5% in 2025. This compares to an approximately a 3.4% yield currently. Now expenses. Fourth quarter expenses came in about where we thought. As we noted in the third quarter, we expect a special assessment from the FDIC in the fourth quarter. A $29 million FDIC special assessment was recorded in the fourth quarter, which will pay to the FDIC over eight quarters beginning in June of 2024. Our incentive costs for the fourth quarter include the final calculations for our 2023 cash bonus awards. The total costs for 2023 were slightly over $46 million. In comparison to a target payout, the plan would have required about $30 million more in cost. So our 2023 earnings include $30 million of incentive savings, which is exactly how the plan is supposed to work. If we hit targets, participants are eligible for target awards. If we don't, then we aren't. I will speak more about our outlook for expenses in 2024 in a few minutes. Capital. Our tangible book value per common share increased to $51.38 a quarter and up 14.8% year over year. Our book value generation has been a big positive for our firm and has, we believe, benefited our firm meaningfully. Growing tangible book value has been top of mind to leadership over the last several years and has impacted decisioning as management has not been willing to risk significant tangible book value dilution by perhaps building a large investment portfolio. If we had, we could have put tangible book value generation at risk. Impacting capital rates in the fourth quarter were several matters that we discussed in the press release last night. In addition to the BOE restructuring and the FDIC special assessment, we incurred a $35 million capital charge for BHG's adoption of CECL on October 1, 2023, which was consistent with expectations for the last year or so. Again, this amount did not impact fourth quarter earnings, but did impact our capital and our capital ratios. The chart on the bottom left of the slide details several pro-forma capital ratios at the end of this year and how we compared the peers on these ratios as of the end of September. Although we don't anticipate significant changes to the capital rules, we are pleased with these results and believe they will continue to compare favorably to other banks and speak to our efforts to manage tangible book value effectively. Now to BHG. As we look at fourth quarter originations, as we mentioned last quarter, fourth quarter origination volumes were less than the third quarter as they continue to shrink their credit box. And I'd like to emphasize that point. BHG estimates that 25% of their borrowers in 2021 and the first half of 2022 will not qualify for a BHG loan today. We are very supportive of the efforts by our BHG partners with respect to credit discipline and client selection. We were also very pleased to see that sales in the bank network during the fourth quarter were basically consistent with the third quarter. The banks continue to have a strong appetite for BHG credit. With original fourth quarter placements to institutional buyers were about $200 million less than the third quarter. BHG did increase help for sale input on its balance by $170 million in the fourth quarter, which provides a nice runway going into 2024. As to liquidity, not a lot of change here from last time. BHD's liquidity platform remains exceptionally strong. During the fourth quarter, and again, as we mentioned at the end of the third quarter, BHD placed about $300 million in loans as a result of their second ADS transaction for 2023. BHD also successfully negotiated a $50 million private whole loan sale during the fourth quarter. Importantly, these private sale transactions are executed with no recourse to BHG, with many of these clients coming back to BHG routinely and planning on being back in 2024 as well. As to spreads, this is the usual information we've shown in the past, detoning spread trends since the first quarter of 2020. On the bottom chart, the spreads for all balance sheet loan placements have expanded as lower coupon loans originated more than two to three years ago pay off for the borrower coupons for the on-balance sheet continue to increase. Again, as we've mentioned for several quarters, the spreads on the chart for on-balance sheet loans represents the buildup of the book over the last few years. BHG believes that should the Fed begin to reduce rates in mid-year 2024, such a move would likely result in more for BHG for both the bank and institutional platforms. Now to BHG credit. As we've noted in previous quarters, DSG has tightened its credit box over the last several quarters, particularly with respect to lower tranches of its borrowing base. Average FICO for 2023 has improved to 745 from 732 in 2022. The chart on the right details originations in 2012 through 2015 level out cumulative loss rates of 10 to 12%. whereas vintages after 2015 begin to reflect improved performance with the lines leveling out within the 5-10% ranges. On the reserves, again, the usual trends on loss reserves for both on and off balance sheet loans. As expected, the adoption of CECL on October 1st for the on-balance sheet loans resulted in about a 300 basis point increase in reserves. Trailing 12-month losses for on-balance sheet amounted to 6.5% in the fourth quarter, If you just look at the fourth quarter, losses were 7.6% for on-balance sheet loans. BHG has been anticipating that credit losses will begin to trend back after the fourth quarter. Right now, BHG believes they have a great shot at seeing reduced credit losses in the first quarter and with a much greater degree of confidence for reduced losses by the second quarter of 2024. Now about BHG's earnings and production. Last quarter, we anticipated that fourth quarter loan production approximately 600 to 800 million, and it came in at the high end of that range. Impacting earnings, and also as we mentioned last time, BHD recorded several one-time expenses that approximated $10 million in the third quarter. Impacting their fourth quarter results was approximately $4 million in severance and other non-recurring costs. A lot of work has been done by BHD to get ready for 2024. With a tighter credit box, BHG anticipates flattish production comparing 24 to 20. That said, the bank network and institutional platform both remain very liquid for BHG. Also, as the post-COVID credit issues fade into the background, along with a potentially better yield curve, all of this could add up to make 2024 a much more accommodating year for BHG than 2023. With that, I'll turn it back over to Terry.
spk14: All right, thank you, Harold. Well, as Harold mentioned earlier, in the fourth quarter of 2023, we hired our leadership team for our market extension to Jacksonville, Florida. Earlier, when I was discussing the 2023 performance, I highlighted the fact that we continue to invest in our business even during the difficult times, which, in my judgment, has been the key to the extraordinary total shareholder return we continue to produce. One of the good things about 2023 was that it showcased our enterprise-wide risk management system, which provided the necessary guardrails to protect us when a number stumbled, but more importantly, put us in a position to stay the course while many are trying to restructure their business model with major expense initiatives, which may aid short-term earnings but have a devastating impact on long-term shareholder value creation. Our conservative approach to credit, to liquidity, and Interest rates, you know, put us in a great position as we continue investing in our business. The risk management system not only protected us but, again, left us a capital base and an ability to continue to grow, which is what we intend to do. Most of you know that our target market has been all the large urban markets in the southeast, which are so advantaged, where Florida has been our principal voice. Most of you have heard me talk about this for a long time. The catalyst for when we decide to extend to a new market is when we have the availability of leadership that we believe can build a $3 billion bank over a five-year period of time in any of those large markets. Last quarter, I used this slide to build on the fact that having started on a de novo basis back in 2000 in Nashville, We now dominate the national market by almost any measure, including things like FDIC deposit share. And we're actually running faster in the relatively recent startups in Atlanta and Washington, D.C., than we did as we built out the Atlanta market. As you can see here, Jacksonville, Florida, is on par with our other large high-growth markets. extraordinarily healthy and rapidly growing. And it's ideally suited to us from the perspective of the competitive landscape. It's dominated by the same exact competitors that we've been facing off with for now 23 years. I always try to help people understand this. The size and growth dynamics are really important in terms of the success in the markets that we've been in, but more important than the size and growth dynamics would be the competitive landscape. It's important to have competitors from whom you can take market share. As I've already said, talent availability is what controls the timing. As you can see, our leadership team in Jacksonville is uniquely prepared to build a big bank there. Scott Keith, who'll run that market for us, is a 34-year veteran in that market. He was the former regional president for North Florida at Truist, and he led an 1,100 employee group serving 100,000 clients in that market. He's joined by Debbie Buckland, who has 27 years of local experience and was the former market president in Jacksonville at Truist and prior to that SunTrust. and they are also joined by Brian Taylor, who has 21 years' experience in the BB&T Truist franchise as well. He most recently led North Florida, the middle market effort, and through all of North Florida. So I think it's evident why Jacksonville and why now. So with that, I think I'll turn it over to Harold, and we'll walk you through the 2024 outlook.
spk15: Thanks, Terry. Quickly, we'll go through the 2024 financial outlook. What I'd like to do is condense all the information on the slide down to five key points. First is deposits. We have to maintain consistent, reliable growth in our deposit book at a reasonable price. That's what makes all of the initiatives that we've invested in to gather new deposits so critical. I believe we've made great headway. I think we have got great tools in place. I think we've hired experienced professionals to promote and lead these deposit gathering initiatives. So high single to low double-digit growth seems reasonable. Secondly, BHG. We don't anticipate BHG to have a great year. We do expect modest growth. Mid-single, I think that comes basically from a new firm, one that has the ability to achieve sustainable growth with an intense focus on growing core businesses. We've had a great partnership with BHG and we believe that the partnership is as strong as ever. We believe the leadership at BHG is focused on the franchise and not on pushing more widgets through the pipe. If credit can get back to its usual run rates by the second half of this year, BHG could have a great year. Loans and loan pricing. Primarily fixed rate loan pricing. We've done well to get fixed rate loan pricing to their current levels. In comparison to peers, we do quite well, but we can be better. We will continue to focus on that as I think that will be absolutely critical to our ability to grow net interest income high single to low double digits in 2024. Now I'd like to talk about expenses. It seems like our expense growth rates are always a topic of great discussion. In 2023, we harvested at least $30 million out of our incentive plan to help support our EPS results for 2023. In order to support our people in 2024, we need to have a plan that accommodates upwards of $40 to $50 million in additional incentive expense. As always, we absolutely have to hit numbers. If we don't hit numbers, we won't pay. We've averaged about 80% of targeted payout in my 23 years here at Pinnacle. We are not bashful about using the incentive pool to help support our earnings results. I do think a reasonable expense target at this point for 2024, Probably between 960 and $985 million. So as you're putting together your models, that range seems fair for today. Lastly, earnings. This management group understands to get the share price moving up, you've got to grow core EPS. We believe 2023 was a $6 a year. So we're aiming north of that. We've looked at peers and have stacked ranked earnings growth rate projections for 2024. Our plan will be comfortably in the top quartile of earnings growth. We have to grow earnings in 2024, so our targets reflect that. To be successful, we can't let expense growth outpace revenues. It's that simple. Hopefully we can achieve our planning assumptions such that all of our associates earn their incentive while at the same time the share price reflects all the hard work they've accomplished. And with that, Matt, I'll turn it back over to you for Q&A.
spk10: Thank you. Everyone, the floor is now open for questions. If you'd like to ask a question at this time, please press star 1 on your touchtone phone. Analysts will be given preference during the Q&A. Again, we do ask that while you ask your question, please pick up your handset to provide optimal sound quality. Your first question is coming from Ben Gerlinger from Citi. Your line is live.
spk16: Hi. Good morning, guys. How are you doing?
spk10: Good morning.
spk16: uh curious if we just kind of touch base on the expenses uh harold the good clarity uh just a second ago so when you think about just expenses overall is this entirely going to or a majority going to lenders or is there some technology or back office spending that needs to be done i mean it just seems like pinnacle getting back to legacy pinnacle of kind of load double-digit growth is good, but it could put some pressure on PP&R over 2024.
spk05: Just kind of clarity on where that expense might be going. Yeah, I'll start and I'll let Terry kind of add his comments as well on this whole topic.
spk15: Our non-personnel expense base for next year is fairly reasonable. I think you know, last night we talked about the press release that are, if you exclude incentives growth rates, probably in the low double digit range. Uh, I think that's pretty conservative. Uh, you know, I, with, uh, call it an eight 60 to eight 85 kind of target for this year. I think we're more of a high single digit kind of grower with respect to, to excluding incentives. Uh, our IT team has gone through, um, what they believe they're going to need to do this year. We spent a lot of extra time on operational expenses and information technology expenses for 2024. We think we've got a good plan. We think we've got a plan that they can accomplish. And at the same time, not overboard on kind of the expense burden. With that, I'll stop and let Terry kind of finish.
spk14: Yeah, Ben, I think to your point, we continue to invest. I think it would be foolhardy not to invest in technology. I mean, you've got all the digital progression, AI, all those sorts of things. So we're not a do-nothing company. We continue to invest in technology and stay current. I think you know about our firm. We're not trying to innovate anything. We're not trying to do something particularly new and different. Our idea is to be a fast follower, and so to do that, we have to stay current. So certainly there are expenditures other than incentive-type expenditures. But one of the things that I guess I would offer for clarity, in this company, your question was phrased around, is it all going to lenders? So in this company, 100% of our salaried employees participate in the annual cash incentive plan, and 100% of us earn our incentive based on hitting our revenue growth targets, our earnings growth targets, and keeping asset quality strong. So 3,400 people are aimed at that outcome, and that's who gets paid. And so having only paid... at a 62% level this year, you would expect most of our associates desire to make 100%. Therefore, we have to run fast enough to produce enough revenue and earnings growth to satisfy the shareholder returns but get our associates paid, and I think we can do that.
spk16: Sure. That's a good call. I think just philosophically hitting commission targets and bonus payoffs is a good thing because it's It literally means you hit your upside target. If you could kind of just parse through here a little bit. So when you think about adding additional lenders and just revenue, well, more lenders specifically than just revenue producers, how are they incentivized or how much flexibility do you give them on gathering deposits in this environment? I mean, given your pretty rapid pace of growth, are you giving them a little bit more slack to gather deposits? Because I'm sure that's on their scorecard as well. of tangentially to that does that kind of put a lid on the margin overall i get the back book repricing will produce a higher margin by the end of the year i'm just kind of curious on how you guys are structuring their incentive on gathering deposits and any flexibility on a rate they might have yeah uh man let me just
spk14: reinforce the point I made earlier. You know, most people have a hard time understanding the incentive systems here at Pinnacle. Most people are used to structure plans where relationship managers get paid on one basis and, you know, branch managers might be paid on a different basis and, you know, so forth. That's not what happens here. 100% of our salary-based associates, which would include lenders, financial advisors, you know, office leaders, every category of salaried person, their incentive is tied to this company hitting its revenue and its earnings targets. And so that's a really important thing that I think a lot of people don't get that direct connection. And so when you ask about the incentives for the lenders, if you will, to gather deposits and so forth, they have an incentive, which is we're going to have to hit the revenue and earnings growth targets. And to get that done, we've got to produce the loan volumes. To get that done, we have to produce satisfactory deposit volumes. And so that's the mindset inside this company. 3,400 people are aimed at hitting that target. revenue target for the company and the earnings target for the company. It's not an individually based incentive plan. I don't mind to say to you, I don't want to get too far afield from what you're asking, but You know, that idea is really important. Every quarter we meet with all the associates of the firm and we talk to them about, hey, here's where we are on our performance on revenue and where we are on earnings and how that impacts incentives. And these are the things we need to do. But it is really easy to crystallize for every single person. As an example, if we're not hitting, if we're not repricing fixed rate loans at a satisfactory margin, man, every quarter you can stand in there and say, okay, look, here's what the target is. Here's what we did. Here's what that cost us in terms of revenue and earnings. And, man, everybody can see through clearly to exactly what has happened and what needs to happen in order to hit the target. So I don't mean to go on too much about it. I hope that's helpful.
spk11: Yeah, it is. I was just more so curious, like, how much flexibility are you giving them on rates in order to gather those deposits?
spk14: Again, we're getting way down into the philosophy here, but as you know, we hire experienced people. The average experience of the people that we've hired is 26 years. Fundamentally, what we do is try to make sure they know what our targets are and then give them plenty of freedom to execute. Generally, the relationship manager has the flexibility to decide what the price is for the deposits and what the price is for the loans. What happens is, in fact... Because of this idea, they know we have to hit the targets. They're not inclined to overpay on deposits or get underpaid on loans and so forth. And, of course, we have a tight management system where every month we're going down through everybody's performance with key performance indicators, talking about, hey, what's the reason for this? Why are you doing this? This price needs to come down, all those kinds of things. So it takes an active management, but generally we're handling that in arrears and empowering our client-facing people to be able to handle client needs without a lot of bureaucracy.
spk05: Gotcha. I appreciate it. All right. Thank you, Ben.
spk10: Thank you. Your next question is coming from Brett Rabotin from Hoved Group. Your line is live. Hey, guys. Good morning.
spk06: Hi, Brett.
spk05: Hi, Brett.
spk06: Wanted to start with BHG and just try and understand a little better the confidence on the reduced losses by 2Q. Can you just walk us through your your thought process on BHG and, you know, obviously the guidance is for fairly minimal growth and contribution this year, but it sounds like you're thinking it could be a lot better if certain things play out right with credit and perhaps growth.
spk15: Yeah, that's a great question. For us, we have conversations with BHG quite frequently, and they still believe that the first – half of 2022 and the 2020 21 loans were where these outsized losses are originating large. They will see substantially all their losses within call it the first 30 months of origination. And given the, the, uh, in great inflation, a lot of those loans have come to come to, uh, kind of, uh, knowledge that they're not, there won't be good loans fairly quickly. So they believe that where they are today, call it the end of 2020, that a lot of the 2021 credits have already gone through this proverbial pig through the Python. And so they're still looking at some of the 22 credits and watching those. But they believe that they're substantially through the bulk of the problems.
spk06: Okay. And then I was thinking about FinTech. I'm sorry, Terry.
spk14: Brent, I was just going to say, I think, you know, said simply they're watching their migration analysis. And to Harold's point, the losses, the largest part of the losses occur in the first 30 months. So when you look at those migrations, they really have just a few more months to go before they will have completed that 30-month cycle for that period where the great inflation occurred. And so, again, I think Harold tried to isolate out the ongoing FICO scores and so forth for more recently originated credits. And so it's just a matter, as he said, of getting that pig through the python, which is literally just several months away.
spk06: Okay. That's helpful. And then just around, you know, BHG conceptually, you know, the IPO market for FinTech was fairly minimal last year and this year. It could be better? Is there a potential for you guys to maybe sell a portion of BHG's ownership to potentially increase capital ratios? Or how do you think about BHG ownership from here and how they obviously at one point where it would appear to have been thinking about an IPO, maybe just walk through your ownership of them from here?
spk14: Yeah, Brad, I think I would say this. It's really just a reinforcement, I think, I hope, of what I've said for some time. So we still enjoy a fabulous partnership with BHG. I continue to love that business. As I've tried to say, you know, if I owned 100% of Pinnacle, I'd want to own 100% of BHG, and we would focus on gain-on-sale transactions. But it doesn't work that way, and so I think we've come to the conclusion that The volatility and the difficulty in getting bank investors to understand the model, you know, at some point it's just not worth continuing the battle. And so we have decided whenever the time's right that we would like to reduce our ownership interest at BHG in whole or in part. Not to be trite, but I'm more of a, you know, buy low, sell high. So it's not an ideal time to liquidate our position. We're comfortable with it. It provides a great source of income to us. And so we'll continue in the current arrangement. But, you know, whenever the markets get to a point where, you know, you could enjoy a higher price, we would be willing to sell some or all of our position in BHG.
spk10: Thank you. And once again, we do ask that participants please ask one question and one follow-up, then re-enter the queue. Your next question is coming from Timura Bresler from Wells Fargo. Your line is live.
spk07: Hi, good morning. Can we maybe talk through the expectation for net interest margin cadence throughout the course of the year? With the expectation for it to be relatively flat in the first quarter and then for your outlook with three rate cuts, it seems like there maybe isn't that much NIM upside. I'm just wondering kind of what your expectation is for NIM cadence throughout the year given the broader NII guidance.
spk15: Yeah, Tamara, I think what's in our plan for this year is that we will see continued increases in our fixed rate lending. That'll provide somewhat of a tailwind here in 2024 for call it earning asset yields. I think we will have to be very aggressive if there is a rate cut. Now keep in mind that basically 27% of my deposit book is indexed. So I do have that head start probably more so than maybe some others. But our relationship managers will have to maintain constant contact with their depositors over the course of 2024 so that we can respond very quickly with respect to rate cuts. I appreciate that other banks can go into their systems and punch a button and lower deposit rates. We can do that too for some portion of our deposit book, but what it's going to cost do for us, what we're going to have to do is be in touch with our clients in a way that we've probably not been in play because we're going to be taking money away from them, basically.
spk05: Okay, got it.
spk07: And then just looking at the 2024 commercial real estate maturities, can you talk through what years those loans were originated and And I'm just wondering for the 2019 and prior vintages, just how different are those credits given just how different the world is today compared to pre-pandemic?
spk15: Well, I think most of our commercial real estate loans are probably on a three to five year kind of term. Most of the both owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied loans are on a fixed rate. So I think by and large, most are ready for rent increases. I think the last number I saw was that they've seen some 20 to 30% increase in rentals over the last three to four years. So we feel like they've got the cash flow to support the increased interest rates.
spk10: Thank you. Your next question is coming from Stephen Alexopoulos from J.P. Morgan. Your line is live.
spk13: Hey, good morning, everyone. Hi, Steve.
spk10: Hi, Steve.
spk13: I'm going to start, guys, with following up on that. So when I look at slide 12, you guys are pretty excited about these renewal rates coming in much higher on your commercial real estate portfolio. But that same phenomenon is keeping many investors out of the banks, particularly the regional banks. and all of the regionals are being painted with the same brush no matter where your markets are. So I have two questions. One is for the commercial real estate loans that were reset in the fourth quarter, including office, I know you don't have a large office portfolio, could you just share with the investor community what's happening with these loans? You know, there's this pretend and extend mentality that you guys are just extending these and they're not renewed. Could you share with us what's happening? How much of the values changed? Are you able to just renew these without any impact on credit? And as you look at, you know, 1Q24, 2Q243, the ability to turn those, including office, without seeing a material negative impact on credit.
spk05: Steve, I'll start. Yeah, I'll start and let Terry clean me up here.
spk15: I'm not hearing from the credit officers. They're having any kind of particularly onerous time with respect to getting renewals accomplished or having to sacrifice concessions or whatever to get these new loans booked. I think what we do enjoy, and you kind of mentioned it, is that we are in great markets and we're seeing rent increases. We're not seeing any kind of... uh reductions in occupancy rates uh we think uh our commercial real estate book by and large is probably one of the best performing segments of our portfolio so we're pleased with where it is a lot of these developers builders borrowers have been with pinnacle now for a long time or with a with their relationship managers for a long time so we we feel pretty strongly that our client selection processes have been good. And so we don't feel necessarily the need to be overly concerned. That said, our credit officers are looking under rocks, everything they can to be prepared should something come up that we didn't expect. And they're having conversations with clients accordingly. Terry, I'll let you. Go from there.
spk14: I think I would hit two or three things as it relates to commercial real estate in whole and particularly as it relates to the office portfolio. I think one thing, Steve, that amazes people, you know, if you go through our 40 largest loans that are being handled by special assets people, people that work difficult credits, I think there are two loans in that top 40 that would be CRE-related. Again, I just say that. You know the phrase, the past performance doesn't ensure future performance, but it certainly is a strong indicator to me that that portfolio has held up so well so far. I think one of the reasons that it has is two things. As we underwrote those loans when they went on the books to begin with in the construction phase and so forth, we always underwrite with a mortgage constant that projects a future constant on what the permanent would take you out at. I would say most of the loans on the books would have been underwritten assuming a mortgage constant in the 6.5% or 7% range. So granted, that might be a tick below the renewal rates, but it's not substantially below the renewal rates. It was underwritten to perform at that level. I think the other thing, this might be the most important aspect. You know, I like you. I mean, I've got CNBC on and I watch these disaster stories from markets like San Francisco or you know, up east and so forth. But, you know, in these southeastern markets, we use the map, we've talked about the growth going on in those markets, but the rent growth over the last three or four years has really been extraordinary. And so that rent growth obviously is what enables those borrowers to absorb the elevated fixed rates and puts us in a good position. I think on the idea of the extended pretend Every now and then we do, as we renew, we have people that have to right-size a credit, but if they have to right-size it, they have to right-size it. I mean, we're not just rolling it and hoping for the best. They need to do whatever it takes to right-size that credit. So anyway, as I say, I don't want to overemphasize past performance, but it is a comforting thing to me.
spk13: Yeah, that's helpful, Culler. I want to pivot to the margins. so Harold I think you said you're assuming four cuts in the guidance is that right that's right okay so if I look at your margin before uh the pandemic right you guys are pretty routinely at three and a half to three eight range which is way above where you are now if we think about you know even four rate cuts or five rate cuts we'll see what the number looks like but the yield curve starting to steepen From a structural view, is there any reason your margin with a more normal curve at this level of rates, which is normal, won't go back eventually into that range? I know it'll take time, but as these renewals play out, you cut deposit costs. Is there any reason to think over time we're not somewhere back in that range?
spk15: I think that's a great question, and we debate that quite a bit as to what we think our long-term net interest margin is. And we believe it's somewhere in the 340 to 360 range. And we get there based on what our current spreads on our floating rate credits. And then what we think our depositors will need to pay in relation to Fed funds. So we think we're at 340 to 360. I'm not hinting at that we'll get to that this year. But at the same time, we do believe our margins is in great shape right now we think our balance sheet's in good shape we think we can we can definitely take advantage of what the market will present us this year provided we can see some call it less steepening in the yield curve thank you your next question is version thank you your next question is coming from casey hair from jeffries your line is live
spk12: Yeah, thanks. Good morning, everyone. Hey, Casey. Hey, Casey. I wanted to just follow up again on expenses. So just to clarify the base, I'm assuming that that's off the 922, which includes the FDIC assessment. And then just what are some of the factors, given it's a wide range, you know, about five percentage points between the high-low, like what are some of the factors that get you to the high end of that range versus the low end? So, Casey, just to be clear, you said a 922? Yes. Oh, sorry. I'm sorry. Whatever gap expenses were in 22. Basically, your guide is based on 23 expenses, which includes the FDIC assessment, correct?
spk15: Yeah. What's on the slide would not include the FDIC insurance special assessment. So, with the mid to high double digit, you need to take out that special assessment.
spk12: Okay. Gotcha. All right. And then just what are some of the factors that get you to the high end versus the low end?
spk15: I think if we can hit our revenue targets in the way we think we can, I think that'll drive our incentive costs up and that'll drive our expense base up. I think if we have a strong year in our hiring. That'll also, that'll also trend our expenses up. Our expense guys does include Jacksonville. So we've embedded that as well in there. And we've got, we've got high aspirations for what we believe the leader hired in that market can accomplish.
spk05: Thank you. I think that's it, Errol.
spk10: Okay. Thank you. Your next question is coming from Michael Rose from Raymond James. Your line is live.
spk17: Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Just a follow-up on BHG and the press release you mentioned that they exited some businesses. Can you just discuss what those are and what the – you know, kind of the impact was to their, you know, kind of origination guidance as we think about 2024. Thanks.
spk15: Yeah. Um, or they had that buy now pay later franchise that they were developing. Um, I think last year they originated like 50 million, uh, in production, something like that. So that they will wean off that. Uh, they've always experimented with this patient lending franchise. I think they've decided to abandon that as well. There's a couple of others that are also on the list that I'm aware of. I'm not sure where they are with discussions with the people that work in those units. I think they've had discussions with them. I'm just not sure, Michael. But that is embedded in the production guide they have for this year.
spk17: Okay, that's helpful. And then just as my follow-up, back to the margin. I think if I'm doing my math right, it implies that a pretty steep ramp in NIM progression as we move beyond kind of the fourth quarter, even against your expectations for rate cuts. Just wanted to kind of put a finer point on just that progression or earning asset growth, if you could. Thanks.
spk15: Yeah, I think we do see NIM increases this year. I don't know how fast you have it going up, but I think it'll be fairly gradual. We might have kind of a down... The first quarter is going to be a challenging quarter. I think after that, we ought to see NIM progression that you all ought to be happy with.
spk05: All right. Thanks for taking my questions.
spk10: Thanks, Martin. Thank you. Your next question is coming from Brandon King from Truist Securities. Your line is live.
spk04: Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Hey, Brandon. So I noticed that the spot rate for deposits was lower at the end of the year compared to the average for the quarter. So is it fair to say that deposit costs have already peaked?
spk15: Well, I think until we get a rate cut formally, there will be some deposit creep, but it won't be nearly at the pace we saw in all of 2022. Okay, okay.
spk04: And then on the mix side of things, how are you thinking about how the mix shift will trend this year and how does that kind of flow into your assumptions on deposit costs?
spk15: Yeah, that's a great question. As far as the mix shift out of BDA into higher yielding deposit products, we still plan to see some more of that. But again, not like we saw earlier in 2023, but we do believe there will be some more attrition out of non-interest-bearing into interest-bearing products.
spk05: Again, not at the same pace.
spk10: Thank you. Your next question is coming from Matt Olney from Stevens. Your line is live.
spk08: Hey, thanks. Good morning, everybody. Just wanted to go back and revisit the 24 outlook and what this implies for the year-over-year PPNR growth. It feels like you're trying to say that there will be modest year-over-year PPNR growth, even with the higher expense guidance, but just looking for any clarification around that.
spk15: Yeah, I think our planning assumption is that we will. I think it will be If you look at what the peers are looking at for next year, it's a modest at best kind of year for 2024, but we fully intend to outperform the peer group. It probably won't be consistent with call it years prior, but at the same time, we fully expect to see PPNR and net earnings accretion in 2024.
spk08: Okay, appreciate the clarification. And then just to follow up on BHG, I guess I appreciate the guidance you give us there. It sounds like cost cutting will be a driver of the positive, modest positive fee growth there. Any more color of the moving parts? How much do you expect the BHG revenues to decline year over year? And then for you to hit that kind of guidance you put out there, how much do we need to see expenses decline? Thanks.
spk15: Yeah, they, they had a pretty significant decrease in the fourth quarter from the third quarter. I don't think they'll have that much more here in the next year. Uh, but, uh, they, they will see, um, call it some reduction in 2024 expenses in comparison to 2023. Uh, they had a cost cutting exercise in the fourth quarter. Um, that'll be the primary contributor to that. I think their revenues should shape up to be flattish maybe next year. I think they're optimistic with respect to growth there, but the whole idea is to right-size the franchise and get it more focused on their core products and then get into a sustainable growth rate going into 2025.
spk10: Thank you. Your next question is coming from Steven Scouten from Piper Sandler. Your line is live.
spk02: Yeah, thanks. I guess my first question is just around the Jacksonville expansion. I may have missed this, but is the belief that this can be a billion to two billion in an asset bank? You also have Louisville noted on the map, and I'm wondering if that's just the construct of the map or if that's intentional.
spk14: Two things. Stephen, I think in the case of Louisville, we have started a novo operation there, I guess. Harold helped me three or four quarters ago or something like that. So it's an early stage build out using the same model that we have, market leadership with a long career at Wells Fargo that's leading our effort there. In the case of Jacksonville, yes, we do believe. I think you used the number one to two billion. Generally, our target is a $3 billion bank in a five-year period of time. As you may know, generally for these build-outs, we cross-break even anywhere from four to seven quarters, depending upon how steep or what the trajectory is there. We're expecting a pretty rapid build-out in Jacksonville that would likely resemble what we've done in D.C.
spk02: Okay, great. And then just my follow-up is around net charge-off expectations. I think it was 16 base points this year, and you said 2024 should be consistent with that. What's kind of embedded within those expectations in terms of overall economic scenario? I mean, are we thinking about a soft landing, and if things get worse overall, that could be worse as well, or is that just a function of y'all's? book itself and the strength of your internal book.
spk05: Yes.
spk15: Yes. Oh, go ahead, Terry. No, go ahead. I think I'll say yes to all of that. Um, I think, you know, before we released, I have some conversations with the special asset people. We have conversations with the credit officers. Um, they feel pretty good about where the book sits today. They feel pretty good about what borrowers are doing and how they're cooperating with us for those that might be under some kind of special considerations. So we don't sense that, nor do we sense that it's presenting huge challenges for the portfolio at large. So we think it's really healthy here this time going into 2024. And we believe also that many of the uncertainties that were around this time last year are not nearly as uncertain. Appreciate that we could have a recession. It could be a soft landing. And I believe our assertion as to where we think charge-offs will be in 2024 is under kind of a soft landing, no recession kind of scenario. Who knows what happens if we get into a hard landing. But anyway, I would say yes to all the items that you talked about, Stephen.
spk14: Stephen, I don't know if it's an additive, but I think our assumption is that we are most likely to have a soft landing, perhaps a modest recession, and given the health and strength and current performance of the portfolio, that guidance ought to hold up. I think to Harold's point, if you have a great recession, I don't think you ought to assume we're going to have 16 basis points in that charge option.
spk05: Thank you.
spk10: Your next question is coming from Catherine Mueller from KBW. Your line is live.
spk00: Thanks. Good morning.
spk10: Hi, Catherine. Hi, Catherine.
spk00: A follow-up on BHG and just thinking about how to model the revenue for BHG next year. You know, if you look back at the size of the balance sheet and the loans that stayed on balance sheet for BHG, that grew a lot throughout 2020 and 22. as they were kind of shifting from the gain-on-sale strategy to more on balance sheet. And, of course, that all this year, the balance sheet was basically flat in 23, just given the rate environment. How do you think about how that looks as we move through 24, just as we kind of think about how much of origination stay on balance sheet versus how much go out into the bank network or move off balance sheet in the private sales transactions?
spk15: Yeah, I think what's going to happen this year is, I believe, based on conversations I've had with their CFO, you should see more headed into the bank network this year than last year. I think it was fairly close to an even split in 2023. I think they'll try to lean into the bank network a little more this year than last. I think we still are planning one or two ABS issuances. here in 2024. They were able to get one accomplished in the fourth quarter, which we think was great news for them. But yeah, I think they will use the bank network with a little more intensity in 2024.
spk00: Okay, great. And then on just the big picture kind of 24 outlook and just thinking about EPS growth, and I know you've kind of answered this, in different ways. But I mean, your target for full, actually maybe question one is, what is the incentive comp in 24 versus 23? I think it started out the year 125 last year. So curious what that looks like for this year, assuming a full payout. And then maybe within that, I'm assuming that even with a full payout, that is assuming you're going to grow EPS year over year, kind of off of a, let's call it a $7 number in 2023. And so, again, just want to reiterate, there isn't a scenario where you're going to have this kind of mid-double-digit expense growth pace and have decline in EPS or have you know, mid single digit revenue growth. And just want to kind of clarify how you're thinking about how those two pair together and ultimately what you think is an appropriate EPS growth rate to have in 24 to get a full incentive comp pay.
spk15: Yeah. As we put together kind of the earnings number and we, we've had to do this in the past, but I think it's probably beneficial to do it. We're talking low to mid single digit kind of earnings growth for this year. Um, And so with that, what we have to do is build a plan that, that will get our associates, uh, their incentive. Uh, we're starting at call it 120% of target. Um, and then we'll tear it upwards to where we think our earnings number needs to be for the year. Um, and it'll go all the way down to zero. Um, as far as payout, um, last year where you're right we started at 125 we ended at 62 so basically uh from what our associates were looking at at the beginning of last year to work without we cut it basically in half um for this for 2024 we're starting with like uh call it 120 payout and uh that number is somewhere in the 100 million dollar range if we can afford it But you're right, the earnings have to show up, and if they don't show up, that $100 million begins to get less fairly quickly.
spk14: Hey, Catherine, I might jump in and add to Harold's comments, and I know you know this, but I get questions over time which make me believe some people don't understand this. But that earnings target that gets set there, we've never set it to be less than the top quartile. As you know, this year, top quartile is not all that high. But, again, we are projecting earnings growth here. It will be top quartile. And that earnings growth that we're projecting contemplates the full payout of the annual cash incentive plan. And in the event that the revenues don't materialize to produce the earnings at the targeted level, the way you pay for that is you trim the incentive expense. And so, again, I think I know there are a lot of companies that have all kinds of incentive plans where if they make something, then they pay out all this other stuff. Man, that's not the way it works for us. The incentive is built into the earning projection. When the earnings show up, we pay it out. In the event they don't, we retrieve that or harvest that to fuel earnings to the shareholders. So I don't know if that's a helpful explanation or not.
spk00: No, it isn't. It's certainly what we saw this past year. And it's just tough in a year where the rest of, to your point, peers in general are forecasting a decline in EPS year over year. And so top quartile you know, may look really good, but you may be top quartile, but you still may be kind of flat EPS growth. So I was just trying to kind of think about how you were thinking about EPS growth and marry that with the full payout to make sure we're thinking about an EPS target appropriately.
spk14: Yeah. I think Harold gave it to you, didn't he?
spk00: Yep, he did. Yeah, I'm good. Very helpful. Thank you.
spk10: All right. Thank you, Catherine. Thank you. Your next question is coming from Brody Preston from UBS. Your line is live.
spk03: Hey, good morning, everyone. Hey, Brody. Harold, I'm sorry to beat a dead horse on expenses. I just wanted to put a pretty fine point on it. So, you know, excluding the FDIC surcharge, you're at $858.8 million of expenses for the year. You know, if I look at the guidance slide, you know, I take kind of mid to high teens. to imply 14 to 19% kind of range. So the midpoint of that would imply a billion dollar number off of your eight 58.8, um, versus the nine 60 to nine 85, you gave, which is about nine 72 and a half. So it's about a 3% difference there. And I was just wondering what's driving the Delta between what you said on the call, um, versus what's implied in the, in the deck last night.
spk15: Yeah, I think that's a great question. Uh, I think our numbers more like 13 to 18 first. Um, so we, we call that mid to high the, um, I think the Delta is around 120% payout versus a hundred percent payout. Uh, and some other things that I'm aware of in our plan where I think we have some, uh, cushions. So, um, that's what got me to the eight, the nine 62, nine 85 number I talked about earlier.
spk03: Got it. That's very helpful, Keller. I appreciate it. And then I did just want to ask on NII a couple questions and one here. Harold, you said May, I think, for the first cut. First part of the question is, could you clarify within your NII guidance when the other three cuts you have occurring are? And then secondly, just when I look at the loan growth guidance and compare it on an average basis, it implies about you know, 11 plus percent average loan growth. And so I guess I'm wondering, you know, is there is there the opportunity where, you know, you guys could kind of outperform even the high end of the guidance range that you give and just just given the, you know, low double digit average loan growth you're expecting, combined with pretty significant fixed rate repricing throughout the year?
spk15: Yeah, I think on first of all, on the rate cuts, Don't hold me to this, but I had that question for some people here yesterday. I think we've got embedded July, September, and November. Maybe. Don't hold me to that. I think those are kind of splitting the dot plot. But anyway, I'll go with that. It's just a steady decrease. I think along with that, you should assume a high beta on our deposit costs. We had a high beta going up. We think we'll have a high beta going down. So we will try to recoup as much of those rate decreases as we can from our deposit book. Let's try to get as close to 100% as we can. As far as loan growth, and I'll let Terry also talk to this as well, I think the guardrails we have on loans are related to capital and related to client deposit growth. We can't let if loans just outgrow deposits extended. In the fourth quarter, we were like $700 million to $200 million, something like that. We need to push deposit growth up. At the same time, we've been steadily creating capital over the last year or two. We think that's healthy. We think that we will continue to do that. But we can absolutely beat the loan growth target that we on the outlook slide.
spk03: Got it. Could I ask just one quick follow-up? I just wanted to follow up on Brandon's question that he had on the spot rate on the interest-bearing deposits being below the average for the quarter. So if we don't see any, I know you said to expect further creep, but I'm just trying to think mathematically if you guys aren't raising rates at this point, what drives the average up? If the spot rate is below where it was for the fourth quarter.
spk15: Yeah, I think what could contribute to increased deposit rates is just new accounts. New clients trying to move money across the street from somebody else. I think that would be one of the primary contributors. Additionally, a mixed shift could occur primarily around our public fund deposits. We think the We believe the bulk of our public fund depositors have already built their balances up, but we could see some increase in their balances. Most of those accounts are indexed, and so consequently, as they collect property taxes and whatnot, that money finds its way to our bank.
spk10: Thank you. Your next question is coming from Brian Martin from Janie Montgomery. Your line is live.
spk09: Hey, good morning, guys.
spk15: Hey, Brian.
spk09: Hey, just a couple easy things. Terry, just the hiring outlook. I think last quarter you talked about it maybe being a little bit better in 24 than 23. Is that still your expectation? Especially with Jacksonville, how are you thinking about hiring in 24?
spk14: I think we had a little bit of a reduction in the hiring pace in 2023-2024. from 2022, I think we're likely to migrate back somewhere closer to the 2022 level of hiring. And to your point, Jacksonville will be a big contributor to that hiring.
spk09: Gotcha. Okay. And I think you guys talked in the slides about some deposit initiatives. You know, just to your last point, Harold, about getting the deposit growth you need for the loan growth. Are there any new initiatives you have in place or is it just the ones you've talked about in the past?
spk15: Yeah, it's the ones we talked about in the past. Terry, why don't you take the rest of it?
spk14: I would say that we've enumerated or talked about four in the past. We introduced three more toward the tail of 2023, and my expectation is we'll probably introduce two or three more over the course of 2024. I think the three additional specialties, probably the one that holds the most Opportunity for us is focused on all manner of escrow accounts, whether it be 1031 exchanges, mortgage escrows, you know, attorney firms, all those kinds of things. But we believe that we have an advantage software capability for people that are running as agent on escrow money. We think we've got some advantage software that's helpful there. and look for that to be the biggest of these most recent three product specialties that we've introduced. And so I think what's important about it, Brian, is two things. One, the size of the market is huge. We have an advantage product, which ought to let us penetrate it well. But the second thing that's really important is most of that money is either no-cost or low-cost money, and so that's a powerful specialty that we have.
spk09: Gotcha. Okay. That's helpful. And just the last one for me, guys, was just Herald back on the margin. It sounds like first quarter is, you know, flattish or, you know, stable. And then up from there, the biggest drivers of that, you know, cadence of increase throughout the year, is it outside of the fixed rate, you know, repricing? Is there something else in there? You know, I guess it's the key driver. Is that it? I know you have liquidity drop a little bit this quarter. So just trying to understand the, you know, the benefits there going forward.
spk15: Yeah, we do have some liquidity shrinkage over the course of the year. That will be a contributor to the margin primarily, not necessarily net interest income. But we do intend to be very aggressive on reducing our deposit costs.
spk11: Yeah.
spk15: I think we determined that based on what happened during the liquidity crisis last year and the fact that we raised rates so aggressively... uh that we've got the ability to lower and i believe a lot of the large caps are talking about that they're still trying to catch up on deposit rates well we think we're we're pretty much already there so guys anyway we fully intend to take advantage of rate cuts on our deposit okay perfect that's all for me guys thank you thanks brian thanks brian
spk05: Thank you. That completes our Q&A session.
spk10: Everyone, this concludes today's event. You may disconnect at this time and have a wonderful day. Thank you for your participation.
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