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spk02: good morning everyone my name is jamie and i'll be your operator today welcome to the silicon labs fourth quarter 2022 earnings release conference call all participants are in a listen-only mode should you need assistance please know a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero after today's presentation there will be an opportunity to ask questions to ask a question you may press star and then one To withdraw your questions, you may press star and two. Please also note today's event is being recorded. At this time, I'd like to turn the floor over to Giovanni Pacelli, Silicon Labs Senior Director of Finance. Giovanni, please go ahead.
spk04: Thank you, Jamie, and good morning, everyone. We are recording this meeting, and a replay will be available for four weeks on the investor relations section of our website. at scilabs.com forward slash investors. Our earnings press release and the accompanying financial tables are also available on our website. Joining me today are Silicon Labs President and Chief Executive Officer Matt Johnson and Chief Financial Officer John Hollister. They will discuss our fourth quarter financial performance and review recent business activities. We will take questions after our prepared comments and our remarks today will include forward looking statements subject to risk and uncertainties. We base these forward-looking statements on information available to us as of the date of this conference call and assume no obligation to update these statements in the future. We encourage you to review our SEC filings, which identify important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Additionally, during our call today, we will refer to certain non-GAAP financial information. A reconciliation of our gap to non-gap results is included in the company's earnings press release and on the investor relations section of the Silicon Labs website. I'll now turn the call over to Silicon Labs Chief Executive Officer, Matt Johnson. Matt.
spk06: Thanks Giovanni and good morning everyone. At our analyst day last March, I spoke about our singular focus on the IoT market and my confidence in our ability to lead and scale in this large and fast growing market. In 2022, our strategy took hold. We achieved strong gains in market share and our growth accelerated. We surpassed $1 billion in revenue for the first time, which is a great milestone for the company. More importantly, in just two years, we've doubled our revenue organically and have significantly improved our profitability and earnings per share. I'm incredibly proud of the team for these achievements. We continue to secure major greenfield design wins and remain well positioned to outperform the market even amid macro uncertainty. The IoT market has incredible potential with thousands of new applications on the horizon. Silicon Labs is unmatched in the breadth of our product portfolio, the depth of our wireless expertise, and our singular focus on wireless connectivity solutions for the internet of things. Our leadership is driving an acceleration of growth in our design wins. Our DesignWin lifetime revenue for 2022 is up more than 50% over 2021's level, which is a leading indicator of future revenue growth. DesignWins indicate that a customer has selected us for their socket, and our metric requires us to have shifted at least $1,000 of parts into that design before it counts as a DesignWin. Our opportunity pipeline is approaching $17 billion, nearly double the level of 2020. We strengthened our customer and supplier relationships by the way we navigated the supply crisis together. Our singular focus on the IoT market proved to be a competitive advantage. As supply and demand come into alignment, we are well positioned to scale and capitalize, serve an increasingly diverse customer base, and capture future market share. I'll now turn the call over to John to cover the financials before I make a few closing remarks. John?
spk05: Thanks, Matt. Revenue for the fourth quarter was above our guidance range, ending at $257 million, up 23% year on year. Our industrial and commercial business ended at $157 million, up 36% year on year, and establishing a new record for the INC business. In terms of industrial end applications, we saw strong results in the fourth quarter in connected equipment and smart meters. As expected, the home and life business declined in the quarter on a sequential basis and ended at $100 million, up 8% versus the prior year. Smart home products had the largest sequential decline in the fourth quarter. Sales of products for life applications declined slightly. Geographically, we saw the strongest performance in the quarter in Europe, which grew slightly. The Americas and Asia-Pac were both down sequentially from the third quarter. Distribution sales were 81% of our total revenue, consistent with prior quarters. The absolute amount of channel inventory declined in Q4 and we held DSI flat at 59 days versus Q3, which is an excellent outcome. As Matt mentioned, we are very pleased that revenue for the full year exceeded $1 billion for the first time in our corporate history. Revenue in 2022 grew 42% over fiscal 2021, exceeding the top end of the growth goal we established back in March at our analyst day. As a reminder, we raised prices in late fiscal 2021 in response to meaningful increases in input costs from our suppliers. We believe that our price increases have been in line with similar actions from our competitors, and we have approached commercial terms with our customers responsibly and fairly. I'd like to highlight that a significant portion of our ASP strength and top-line growth is due to the strength of our Series 2-based product cycle and the growing diversity of our customer base and product mix, which are durable, positive developments. We also continue to increase design win velocity. Fiscal 2022 design win lifetime revenue grew more than 50% across a broad range of applications, which is an important indication of continued growth and share gain. Q4 non-GAAP gross margin ended above our expectations at 61.3% due to strong product, pricing, and customer mix. Non-GAAP operating expenses were in line with our expectations at $109 million. R&D expenses increased slightly in the quarter to $70 million, and SG&A expenses declined by about $4 million to $39 million for the quarter. Non-GAAP operating margin was also above expectations, ending at 19% for Q4. Our tax rate was favorable in the quarter due to a combination of factors, including a lower than expected impact of capitalized R&D in the quarter and amplified by the catch-up effect within the fourth quarter. Our non-GAAP effective tax rate was 15% for the year, for the quarter, excuse me, and 23% for the full year. Our non-GAAP earnings for the fourth quarter ended strong at $1.31 per share, well above our guidance range. For the full year, our non-GAAP operating margin was 21%, which is above our profitability model for this level of revenue. Non-GAAP earnings for the full year were $4.72 per share, which is approximately a 230% increase over fiscal 2021. These results are truly remarkable and demonstrate the focus and execution we have been able to achieve following our successful divestiture transaction roughly 18 months ago. On a GAAP basis, gross margin was 61.1%. GAAP operating expenses were $133 million for the fourth quarter. GAAP operating margin was 9% for the fourth quarter and 12% for the full year. GAAP earnings per share were 76 cents in the fourth quarter and $2.54 for the full year. Turning to the balance sheet, we ended the year with cash and cash equivalents of $1.2 billion. Operating cash flow for fiscal 2022 ended at $141 million, an increase of around 55% from the prior year. Our accounts receivable balance in the year ended at $71 million, representing days outstanding of 25. As expected, we increased our inventory balance to $100 million, or about four turns. We expect to continue to strategically manage our inventory balances to ensure we have the supply chain capacity to deliver our growth objectives. During fiscal 2022, we repurchased approximately $880 million of our common stock, bringing our total share repurchase activity to more than $2 billion since we announced the divestiture in April 2021, retiring more than 25% of our outstanding shares. This outcome will provide a long-term benefit to our earnings power going forward. We expect to continue our share repurchase program, and today we have about $200 million in remaining authorization through the end of this year. Our debt balance remains unchanged with our 2025 convertible notes outstanding with a par value of $535 million. Overall, our balance sheet continues to be very healthy. Before I turn the call back to Matt, I will cover guidance for the first quarter. We expect revenue for Q1 to be between $242 to $252 million. We expect both business units to be down sequentially. We expect non-GAAP gross margin in Q1 to be approximately 63%. Late in the fourth quarter, we implemented limited price increases on a subset of our portfolio in response to ongoing input cost increases. We view this as a one-time phenomenon in the first quarter and do not have plans to raise prices further. We expect non-GAAP operating expenses for Q1 to increase slightly to $111 million, with the increase largely attributable to the payroll tax reset in January. We continue to closely manage our operating expenses by leveraging flexible non-structural spending and carefully pacing our hiring. We've also taken steps to optimize our investments across certain areas to achieve further operational efficiencies. We expect our non-GAAP effective tax rate to be approximately 23% and non-GAAP earnings to be between $1.07 to $1.17 per share. On a GAAP basis, we expect gross margin to be 63%. We expect GAAP operating expenses to be approximately $139 million and GAAP EPS to be in the range of 36 to 46 cents. I will now turn the call back over to Matt. Matt.
spk06: Thanks, John. In addition to our outstanding financial results in fiscal 2022, we also made tremendous progress in our business and technology initiatives. From a business unit standpoint, the industrial commercial business achieved its ninth consecutive quarter of record revenue in Q4, demonstrating resiliency amid current economic uncertainty. The value of wireless connectivity is increasingly clear in industrial applications such as connected equipment, where we hold a leadership position and grew revenue at double digit pace, both sequentially and year over year. Smart pallets are an example of a connected equipment application And our FG23 sub-gigahertz SOC enables long-range communication for logistics use cases. The FG23 is a single-die, multi-core solution that offers industry-leading security, low power consumption with fast wake-up times, and an integrated power amplifier. Additionally, revenue from smart city applications grew by over 50% year-over-year, with smart metering as a standout. we secured a significant design win with an industrial customer in the smart metering space, also using the FG23. Our chip's RF range of performance and energy efficiency were key factors in winning the stock. Despite market softness in home and life attributable to certain consumer-oriented end markets, we remain bullish about the long-term growth prospects in home and life. Specifically, we are seeing strength in the healthcare space, with double digit increases on a quarterly and annual basis. We recently secured several important design wins for portable medical devices, further bolstering our position in the life segment. We're also very excited about the launch of Matter 1.0, a significant industry achievement. Matter enables interoperability across major IoT ecosystems to offer developers and consumers a simpler, better experience, which should boost demand for connected devices. Silicon Labs has played a significant role in Matter's development. There from the start, we've contributed more code than any other semiconductor company. As of the end of the year, 87% of the products certified for Matter over threads are built using Silicon Labs SOCs. Another promising development related to Matter is the momentum we are seeing with our previously announced 917 SOC with dozens of alpha customers currently sampling. At this point in the launch cycle, the 917 has the largest opportunity funnel of any product we've ever released. The 917 is the first Wi-Fi 6 combo chip in the Silicon Lab portfolio and is a matter ready, fully integrated single chip solution. It's ideal for ultra low power IoT wireless devices and secure cloud connectivity. We believe that its combination of exceptional compute power, best in class security and ultra low power profile will be instrumental in developing new use cases and applications. Matter will be a huge growth catalyst for our industry and we're proud to play a large part in it. I want to conclude by thanking the entire Silicon Labs team for their great execution amid economic and geopolitical uncertainty. I'd like to give special recognition to our operations and sales teams who navigated complex supply chain challenges allocations, and escalations with transparency, grace, and perseverance. We also want to express our gratitude to our partners and suppliers who navigated unprecedented market conditions with us. While we are certainly not immune to macro risks, our impressive design and momentum gives us confidence and conviction that we will come out of the cycle ahead and well-positioned to continue leading the IoT market. We have now delivered back-to-back years of more than 40% revenue growth and believe this is just the beginning. The strength of our Series 2 product cycle has helped accelerate our design wind velocity, positioning us to continue outperforming the market. We continue to strategically manage our day-to-day operations while making the investments necessary to drive innovation, long-term profitable growth, and solidify our leadership position in the IoT. Giovanni?
spk04: Thank you, Matt. We'll now open the call for questions. To accommodate as many people as possible before the market opens, I ask that you limit your time to one question with one follow-up inquiry, if needed. Jamie?
spk02: Ladies and gentlemen, at this time, we will begin that question and answer session. Once again, to ask a question, you may press star and then one on your touch-tone phones. If you are using a speakerphone, we do ask that you please pick up the handset prior to pressing the keys to ensure the best sound quality. If at any time your question has been addressed and you'd like to withdraw your questions, you may press star and two. Once again, that is star and then one to join the question queue. We'll pause momentarily to assemble the roster. Our first question today comes from Matt Ramsey from Cowan.
spk00: Please go ahead with your question. Thank you very much. Good morning, guys, and congrats on the results. I guess for my First question, just thinking about this big picture in the model and in the business, I think the majority of the 40% growth or so that you guys showed in 2021 was unit-based and a much smaller contribution from ASPs. And this past year, in 22, I think it was essentially the opposite, right? The ASPs were up quite a bit and volume up maybe less than that. Matt, as you look forward to this calendar year, I think ASPs are up a bit in the first quarter again in the guidance, but how would you characterize the year that you see ahead? Is it one more evenly balanced of growth between the two? Any sort of characterization of the year you see coming on those two dynamics? Because we get asked about that mix of growth a lot.
spk06: Sure. Yeah, thanks, Matt. Understood. Yeah, I think the simple and fast answer is uh 2023 will be much more characteristic of 2021 with a majority of growth coming from units uh not asps as john mentioned in his remarks we definitely have done you know some limited price actions uh you know on some you know increases that we've seen but in general we expect the year to be uh you know vast majority driven by unit growth in 23.
spk05: Hey, Matt, this is John. I want to add another quick comment here. So if you look at 2022, the ASP strength that we realized in the year actually had a combination of factors. We did increase prices as we've talked about, but we also saw strength in the product and customer mix and on the back of the product cycle. And I wanted to make that point as a contributing factor as well.
spk00: Yeah, thanks, John. Thanks, guys. I really appreciate it. Go ahead, Matt. Sorry.
spk06: Yeah, I was just going to make sure everyone understands what that means because it's important. You know, our customer mix expanded in the sense that not only did we see more customers over the years, we gained market share. You know, we gained some large customers, but we also gained a lot of customers in the tail and the mid of the market, which gave us some strength in our ASPs. And then the product cycle piece is with our Series 2, as we've mentioned multiple times, we have unprecedented amount of products coming out uh in 22 as well as 23 which gives us a lot for our sales team to work with and in a lot of cases there is no alternative to these leading products in the marketplace so that helps give some strength to the the asps as well thanks guys really appreciate it just as i guess my follow-up question and i'll get back in the queue i wanted to ask about china um given the
spk00: the changes in COVID policy and the timing of Chinese New Year and whatnot. Some of your peer companies have talked about some acute weakness and sort of sell into distribution in China for the first quarter. And you guys are guiding for a fairly strong quarter all the way around. I just wonder, how would you characterize that impact from what's going on in China in your first quarter guidance and If things normalize, how much of a tailwind could that be when things turn back on over there? Thanks.
spk06: Yeah, understood. So on China, China's been relatively weak for us in the last few quarters. And as we've mentioned, it's down to around 15% of our total revenue. We haven't seen any significant change in that or the outlook there. And our expectation for growth on the year is not predicated on a return in China. Of course, if there is, you know, increasing strength there, that will be a tailwind that we'd be happy to see. But our plan does not depend on it.
spk00: Thanks, guys. Appreciate it.
spk02: And our next question comes from Gary Mobley from Wells Fargo Securities. Please go ahead with your question.
spk08: Hey guys, good morning. Thanks for taking my question and let me extend my congratulations on a strong fiscal year 22 and some relatively good results. I wanted to ask about orders, order lead times and whatnot. Can you give us an update on the uniformity of orders? I think last time you mentioned week-to-week volatility. Is that still the case? And maybe you can give us an update on order lead times. I believe there were 26 weeks last quarter.
spk05: Yeah, Gary, no change in the lead time dynamic. It's roughly in that neighborhood. And we have seen signs of greater stability in recent weeks, a bit less volatility. It's, I would say, largely characteristic of what we've seen over the last quarter or so. But getting better, I think, is a fair way to say it, seeing that the order patterns show a bit more stability in the week-to-week experience.
spk08: good to hear i wanted to ask about your distribution inventory since it is more than 80 percent of your revenue you mentioned a 59 day metric for distributor inventories flat sequentially so obviously no benefit quarter to quarter as you wrapped up the year but where can that distribution inventory go in terms of days and and uh You know, just trying to get a sense of the tailwind for distribution restocking, knowing that you're benefiting to the tune of what, $2.25 million a day in inventory?
spk05: Yeah. Similar dynamics, Gary, is what we've seen. Still see a bit of a geographical divergence with China high. rest of the world in pretty good shape. You know, I think we could see this come up a bit and be comfortable with that, given that we're seeing, you know, the revenue down a bit with expectations of growth ahead. So that would be normal and okay, but not dramatically, but that's something that could happen.
spk08: All right.
spk02: Thank you, guys. Our next question comes from Tor – Dovenberg from Stifel, please go ahead with your question.
spk01: Yes, thank you. And congratulations on the results. I wanted to go back to the ASP topic. And I do understand, obviously, you know, you've had to increase prices because of your suppliers input costs. But I mean, it's pretty clear that, you know, you are selling more value, right? I mean, you're selling more security features. Obviously, you talked about the product cycles, especially with the series two. So can you just maybe elaborate a little bit on that? You know, perhaps, you know, how much is coming from just pure price increases versus how much is coming from selling more value?
spk06: Sure. You know, it'd be good to hear from John on specific story, but I think on series two, it's really important that it's exactly what you mentioned, that this portfolio is, you know, really hitting the market at the right place in the right time. with not only an unprecedented number of products coming out, but it's also what those products bring to the industry that wasn't available before. So that includes power consumption that is industry-leading. I mean, think about the solutions we're talking about where we're talking about running a wireless solution on a watch battery for 10 years. Or think of the latest Wi-Fi product we mentioned, the 917, that has half the power consumption of alternative solutions. So you can literally double the battery life of a battery-powered application, which is remarkable. And then in addition to that, industry-leading RF performance, not just for that one technology, but for all the technologies to work together, which is incredibly important for our customers. It's not just about having one and working well, but to have all those different RF technologies working well together. And then security continues to take an increasingly important role in our space. Simply said, if our customers and consumers can't trust the devices, it will stall the IoT growth. So this is elemental for us, and we've been proud to be leading in that space for some time. So the confluence of all these things coming together really creates a strong position that is, you know, simply said, fueling, you know, the revenue growth we've seen over the last couple of years, which is, I think, a strong testament to the strength of that portfolio. But it's also fueling that design wind momentum that I mentioned in my earlier remarks, where, you know, that's grown, you know, over 120% over the last two years. which is remarkable, and that's been almost entirely fueled by Series 2. So the combination of those speaks to that, I think, momentum and credibility of the portfolio. And, you know, as I've said, we're still midway through the product cycle with a lot more products to go that will give us even further lift. So we're excited about it.
spk05: Yeah, Matt, I would just add, yeah, you know, I just want to quickly add that that all resonates. And what you see in 22 is contribution to ASP coming from, you could think of it as pure cost increase driven, where we see ourselves in line with our competitors. We're not unique in that regard. And what Matt was just referring to, the strength in the value, also the strength in the customer base.
spk01: Great. And as my follow up, I mean, the last two years have been a lot about share games, especially with your new Bluetooth products. I know you've worked a lot about, you know, about getting established more in Wi-Fi. You talked about the 917, you know, probably having the largest opportunity going forward. Should we think of 2023 as kind of being that first year of, you know, really big growth in Wi-Fi? Or would that still be kind of more like 2024?
spk06: 2023, we expect solid growth in Wi-Fi in 2023.
spk01: Clear enough. Thank you, Matt. Congrats again. Thank you.
spk02: Our next question comes from Raji Gill from Needham & Company. Please go ahead with your question.
spk07: Thanks and congrats on good results in light of a very volatile market. Just, John, a question on the order trends. I know last quarter, you did see order volatility as lead times came in, you know, specifically around the home and life. And then you also kind of mentioned in the industrial commercial, some of the customers were more of a holding pattern. So I wanted to get a kind of a sense of what's changing now in terms of where you're seeing greater, where you're seeing more order stability over the last few weeks. And do you see any potential risk as the lead times come in as more supply comes online, that you kind of return back to some sort of order volatility that you saw in the last quarter?
spk05: You know, Rush, thanks. It's hard to call it on the last point. Of course, you know, we could see more volatility, but we're very encouraged by the strength of the design wind momentum. As we've said, you know, that is the best indicator we see of continued strong revenue performance. The supply chains are normalizing. We continue to see pockets of shortage, but we have nodes that are really more in balance between demand and supply now. That's a good outcome and allows us to serve the demand. Back to the top of your question, simply put, we've seen more stable order patterns in the last several weeks. Wouldn't say it's completely, you know, quote, back to normal, but getting better. And we're encouraged by that as we see it.
spk07: And on the gross margins, the gross margins have been kind of above plan for several quarters above your long-term plan. You did mention that this year the growth will be less dependent on ASBs, more on unit growth. I wanted to understand how we should think about gross margins trending throughout the year. And, you know, with respect to that, what are kind of your expectations for wafer cost as your main founder, TSMC, increasing capacity, you know, for Series 2 products? And just any thoughts in terms of your wafer cost expectations and how to think about the gross margins? Thank you.
spk05: Yeah, thanks, Raji. That's good. So as we said at the beginning of last year, we had a one-time effect, if you will, in the first quarter of 2022 that then bled off through the course of the year. We saw gross margins sequentially declining throughout the year. We see the very similar pattern this year with a more modest version of that, but a similar effect As we see a lift in the first quarter, we expect that to moderate sequentially as we work our way through the year. We'll have to stay tuned to the overall input cost landscape. Not aware of more forthcoming. That could change. But at this point, we believe we're reaching a degree of stability on the cost side as well.
spk07: And just on the capacity coming out of your foundry, maybe you could just elaborate on that. Thank you.
spk06: yeah i i can comment on the the capacity side uh so it's important first of all to to mention that we still have supply constraints uh in the coming quarters so as john said it's more mixed and some lines were at parity and some lines were not so we're still working through that a big picture One thing that may be more unique to us in the industry is because of our rate of growth, we're hyper-focused on that capacity and supply, not just this year but in the coming years. Because of that design momentum, one of the things that's critical to our customers is an assurance that we can provide the supply that comes with that business. We've been, you know, fortunately very successful at partnering with our suppliers. You know, as we said in the remarks, we've actually seen our relationships with our customers and suppliers improve over the last couple of years through all this challenge. And that's allowed us to position ourselves to continue scaling very quickly in the coming years, which is a key component to a lot of these wins. we couldn't secure some of this business unless we could give our customers assurance that we'll be able to do that. So never take it for granted. We'll watch it closely. We're paranoid about it because of the rate of growth, but we do see a path and our customers see that path as well.
spk07: Appreciate it.
spk02: And our next question comes from Blaine Curtis from Barclays. Please go ahead with your question.
spk03: Hey, thanks for taking my question and nice results. I just want to follow up on Rozzy's gross margin question. I thought last year you had some one-time charges, you got some benefits. So I'm just kind of curious in that 63, because I think you said limited pricing increases, but you're seeing two points of gross margin uplift. So is that just timing like you saw the prior year? And is there any kind of one-time benefit as well?
spk05: Yeah, Blaine, thanks for the question. No, there's not a one-time aspect of that. It's very similar to what we saw in the one year ago.
spk03: Gotcha. And then I wanted to ask, not to keep asking on pricing, but you do give the annual metric in the K. I was wondering if you would give it, you know, for the year in 22, if you had that number for units and ASPs.
spk05: Yeah, Blaine, the contribution for revenue growth is mainly on ASP, which has a couple of components, as we talked about, both in terms of cost input driven price increase as well as value higher ASPs on strong product and customer mix. But it is fair that more than half of the contribution on revenue is from ASP.
spk03: Great, and then if I could just ask one last question on home and life. You mentioned the smart home down the most, and I'm assuming there's some component of inventory correction, you know, because that segment is down 19% sequentially. I'm just kind of curious, your perspective March said both down, so is that kind of correction that you saw in December cleared through and it's more normal seasonal for the business? Just kind of color on that correction, particularly in the smart home.
spk06: Yeah, sure. This is Matt. I think the most accurate and honest answer I can give you is it varies quite a bit. We see, you know, some customers that are sitting on a lot of inventory and working their way through it. We see other customers who manage this really well. And, you know, they're still worried about their demand and working through that. But on a whole, we definitely see our customers in that space working down their inventory. But the, you know, The key there is what does the demand profile look like and how long is that going to take for them to work through that? But like I said, pretty variable customer to customer depending on how they've managed it and how their end markets are doing. Got you. Thanks.
spk02: And our next question is a follow-up from Gary Mobley from Wells Fargo Securities. Please go ahead with your follow-up.
spk08: Yeah, thanks. I just had one follow-up question. I wanted to ask about the pace of the share buyback. If I'm not mistaken, in the past, you mentioned that you would ideally like to maintain a billion-dollar cash position, gross cash position, and that would indicate that maybe there's $200 million to $300 million of available buyback capacity. Am I summarizing that correctly?
spk05: Yes, Gary. You have that exactly right. And so we've done a bit better than we contemplated at the onset immediately following the divestiture we have actually generated stronger cash flow in the intervening time period and that that's what that is what has allowed us to both surpass the two billion dollar goal and have another 200 million available for continued share repurchased. And looking further ahead, as we continue to generate cash, we believe that will continue to be the case, and we'll continue to work with the board of directors on capital allocation relative to this use versus strategic M&A, which we also continue to evaluate.
spk02: Got it. Thank you. And our next question comes from Tor Spahnberg from Stiefel. Please go ahead with your follow-up.
spk01: Yeah, thank you. Just a housekeeping one. John, tax rate 23% still pretty high, right? And I know it's got, you know, a lot of different elements to it. But anything happening this year that could potentially cause that tax rate to come down? I know you're working on some capitalization on R&D and so on and so forth. But yeah, any view on the tax rate for the year would be great.
spk05: Yeah, you bet, Tori. You know, as we called this a couple of years ago, the capitalized R&D aspect of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act has an inflationary effect on the tax rate. That's true for us. It's true for other companies and entities with a relatively high R&D spend. That's kind of the fundamental situation. All things considered, it is down a little bit from last year, and we expect over the next couple of years it will come in a bit further, come down a bit further as the amortization ladder builds, and you can essentially build up that stack of amortization periods into the future. But that's the main thing that's going on.
spk01: Perfect. Thank you, John.
spk02: And, ladies and gentlemen, with that, we will be concluding today's question and answer session. I'd like to turn the floor back over to Giovanni Pacelli for any closing remarks.
spk04: Yeah, thank you, Jamie, and thank you all for joining this morning. This concludes today's call.
spk02: And, ladies and gentlemen, with that, we'll conclude today's conference call and presentation. We do thank you for joining. You may now disconnect your lines.
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