Scholar Rock Holding Corporation

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Scholar Rock's third quarter 2025 conference call. At this time, all lines are in listen-only mode. Following the presentation, we will conduct a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star 11 on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star 11 again. This call is being recorded on Friday, November 14th, 2025. I would now like to turn the conference over to Scholar Rock. Please go ahead.

Good morning. I'm Laura Ikas, Vice President of Investor Relations at Scholar Rock. With me today are David Hillel, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Akshay Vashna, President of R&D, Keith Wood, Chief Operating Officer, and Vika Finha, Chief Financial Officer. For those of you participating via conference call, the accompanying slides can be accessed in the Events section on the Investors page of our website. During today's call, as outlined on slide two, David will provide introductory remarks and a business update. Akshay will review our R&D progress. Keith will provide an update on our commercial readiness activities and VCAS will provide a financial update. We will then open the call for questions. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that during this call, we will be making various statements about Scholar Rock's expectations, plans, and prospects that constitute forward-looking statements for the purposes of the Safe Harbor provisions under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any forward-looking statements represent our views only as of today and should not be relied upon is representing our views as of any future date. I encourage you to go to the Investors in Media section of our website for our most up-to-date SEC statements and filings. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to David. David?

Thank you, Laura, and good morning. Thanks to everyone for joining our third quarter earnings call today. In April, when I was appointed CEO, after eight years in the board chairman role. And on the same day, we brought in Akshay, Keith, and Vikas. We were confident that Scholarock was positioned to be the next great global biotech powerhouse. We based this on several factors. First, our conviction that the global opportunity with Epidigromab and SMA alone offers the potential for many years of sustainable growth that will power our company through the end of this decade and into the next. Second, as world leaders in myostatin biology, our ability to deliver transformative therapies to patients suffering with additional rare, severe, and debilitating neuromuscular disorders. And third, leveraging our innovative platform to advance our novel subcutaneously administered myostatin inhibitor, SRK439. When we joined Scholarock, the most significant milestone ahead was the September 22nd PDUFA date for epitigromab and SMA, which had been granted priority review. Our BLA was supported by robust data demonstrating epitigromab's efficacy and safety for children and adults living with SMA. Based upon our 188 patient prospective randomized double-blind placebo-controlled multinational phase three trial. This trial showed a statistically significant and clinically meaningful benefit in motor function as measured by the gold standard Hammersmith motor function scale for SMA. While we were disappointed to receive a complete response letter on September 22nd, we were pleased that the strength of our phase three data was reflected in the FDA's review of our BLA and that the sole approvability issue referenced in the CRL was the status of our third-party, still-finished facility in Bloomington, Indiana, which is owned by Novo Nordisk. We know that it is not a matter of if, but when a Pitogramab will be approved in the U.S. for patients living with SMA. We are emboldened by the commitment we have made to the more than 35,000 patients globally living with SMA who have received an SMN-targeted therapy. We are working expeditiously to deliver on our ambition that globally, any patient with SMA who can benefit from Opidigromab should have access to Opidigromab. And now more than ever, we are confident in the significant opportunity that we have ahead of us to serve the SMA community as we work with determination to bring this important medicine to children and adults with SMA. This is indeed what we know well and what we do well. I would like to now provide a regulatory update on Epidicromab. We had our Type A meeting with the FDA on Wednesday. We are grateful to the agency for their full participation, particularly in the context of a government shutdown. The meeting was in person and included the relevant leaders and decision makers from the agency, including the neurology division and the Office of Compliance. Our team was joined by Kenneth Hobby, president of CURE SMA, and representatives from Novo Nordisk. We were encouraged by the meeting. It was constructive and collaborative. It was clear that there is a shared understanding of the high unmet need for the SMA community and a shared sense of urgency to bring a Pitigremab to children and adults with this disease. Novo Nordisk detailed the progress they have made in implementing their remediation plan at the Bloomington facility and affirmed that they expect the facility to be ready for re-inspection by the end of this year. We discuss the path forward and await the final minutes of the meeting. We will continue to work closely with the FDA and anticipate resubmitting the BLA and U.S. launch following approval of epidegromab for children and adults with SMA in 2026. I'd like to now turn to adding redundancy to our supply chain. When Novo Nordisk purchased the Bloomington site in December of 2024, they planned to internalize the plant for their own products. In light of that, Scholarock implemented a plan to add an additional U.S.-based fill finish facility. Now with the OAI classification, Scholarock has accelerated our timelines for an additional biler. We have selected a world-class commercial facility that has a proven track record and has successfully completed recent site inspections, including with the FDA and EMA. As you know, one of the bottlenecks to rapidly adding a new biler is securing commercial capacity. This can be a lengthy process. Importantly, we have secured commercial capacity commencing in the first quarter of 2026, and tech transfer is now underway. We anticipate submitting an SBLA for this facility later in 2026. In summary, we will continue to work with urgency to bring this important medicine to the SMA community. We look forward to providing clarity on resubmission timelines as soon as we are able. In addition to the large opportunity we have to serve children and adults with SMA, we continue to strategically advance our pipeline. This includes the Phase II OPAL study, progressing epitogromab and a second rare debilitating neuromuscular disorder, as well as advancing SRK439 into the clinic. Akshay will provide additional detail on these activities shortly. Importantly, to reach our ambitions, I am pleased we opportunistically strengthened our balance sheet during the third quarter, and we continue to operate with a tight financial plan, which Vikas will discuss later in the call. This plan is aligned to thoughtful, strategic investments to drive long-term value creation. We remain confident in the strength of our strategy, the grit of our team, and the transformative potential of epidegromab and our pipeline. The regulatory challenges we face today are temporary, but the opportunities ahead to serve patients are extraordinary. With that, I'll turn the call over to Akshay to provide more detailed update on our R&D progress. Akshay?

Thank you, David, and good morning, everybody. As David noted, we continue to work with urgency to bring a pilgrim map to children and adults with SMA as quickly as possible. SMA is a rare, severe neuromuscular disease resulting in irreversible loss of motor neurons and progressive muscle wasting that diminishes the independence of both children and adults. A pilgrim map has the potential to reverse the trajectory of SMA from a loss of motor function to a gain of motor function. As demonstrated, in the Phase III SAPPHIRE study, underscoring the importance of the potential benefit of this therapeutic. I'd now like to turn to Wednesday's Type A meeting. I was pleased to lead our team at that meeting for Thursday. As David said, the meeting was in person and included the relevant leaders and decision makers from the agency, including the Neurology Division and the Office of Compliance. Our team was joined by Kenneth Hobby, President of CURE SMA, and representatives from Novo Nordisk. The meeting was constructive and collaborative. We reviewed the comprehensive data from the Pivotal Map Development Program, including the Phase II TOPA study, which demonstrated that delayed treatment results in suboptimal motor function outcomes. These data underscore the impact of delayed treatment and the urgency to make a Pivotal Map available to the SMA community. At the Taipei meeting, it was clear that the CRL we received on September 22nd was based solely on the need for the Bloomington facility to be in compliance with CGMP or current good manufacturing practice regulations. During the meeting, Novo Nordisk detailed the progress they had made in implementing a robust remediation plan at the Bloomington facility. Novo Nordisk also shared with the FDA that they'd expect the facility to be ready for the inspection by the end of the year. We remain in close coordination with Novo Nordisk as we await the minutes from the Taipei meeting. After Novo's completion of remediation of the Bloomington facility and a site inspection by the FDA, we anticipate resubmission of the BLA and U.S. launch following approval of epidegromab in 2026. As part of our long-term growth plans to serve patients around the world with epidegromab, we're also accelerating timelines to bring a second pill-finished facility online. This process requires vigorous validation and regulatory approval to ensure the same quality, safety, and efficacy of the drug product. Importantly, we've secured commercial capacity commencing in the first quarter of 2026 and anticipate submitting an SDLA for the second facility later in 2026. Outside of the U.S., we continue to expect a decision from the EMA on our epilogram lab marketing authorization application, or MAA, near the middle of next year. Further to our commitment to the broad SMA community, we announced today that we've initiated dosing in our Phase II OPAL trial, evaluating apitigramab in infants and toddlers under the age of two. The trial is enrolling participants who've been treated with an SMN1-targeted gene therapy or who are receiving treatment with an approved SMN2-targeted therapy. It is designed to investigate two different doses of apitigramab for a duration of 48 weeks, and will assess PK, PD, efficacy, and safety. In the OPAL study, early intervention with the PitogramMap could support muscle during a critical early development phase, complementing SMN-targeted therapies that aim to preserve motor neurons. By promoting muscle growth when motor neurons and muscles are still forming, a PitogramMap has a unique opportunity to improve motor outcomes in young children with SMA. Beyond SMA, we're on track to initiate clinical development activities for epidermal MAP in a second neuromuscular disorder by year end. We plan to provide additional information on the disease and the clinical development strategy in early 2026. And finally, we continue to advance our world-leading anti-myostatin platform beyond epidermal MAP. The FDA has cleared the IMD for SRK4C9, and we're on track to initiate a phase one study in healthy volunteers before the end of this year. This program builds on the validated approach that delivered a finger amount. Specifically, 439 was designed to be an innovative subcutaneously administered myostatin inhibitor binding to both pro and latent myostatin with high affinity and selectivity. Based on pre-concordator, 439 has the potential to potently inhibit myostatin and increase muscle mass. We expect to have data from the SAP portion of the phase one study in 2026. In summary, our focus remains on bringing a bit of a map to patients and investing with financial discipline to deliver on the promise of our broader pipeline. The strength of our data and the momentum across our programs gives us confidence in the impact we can deliver. Now at this point, I'll turn the call over to Keith to discuss our commercial launch strategy and planning.

Thanks, Akshay. The SMA community is demanding more. Even with currently available treatments, they need a treatment that directly addresses progressive muscle wasting. A Pitadromab demonstrated that ability in our Phase III SAPPHIRE study, and we will be ready to deliver a Pitadromab to the SMA community upon approval. This is not a matter of if, but when. Our understanding for the demand of epidegromab and our confidence in its potential to address the unmet need for children and adults with SMA continues to strengthen. As we look at SMA globally, nearly a decade following the launch of the first SMN targeted therapy, the demand for treatment continues to grow. After the first three quarters of 2025, annual revenue for current SMA treatments are trending to approximately $5 billion globally. With the continued growth of SMN targeted therapies, the need for the world's first muscle targeted therapy is greater than it has ever been before. Our small, lean, and highly experienced U.S. customer-facing team is active in the field, and we are using this additional time to enhance our engagement activities and to strengthen our performance against key pre-launch readiness metrics. As a reminder, we're just under four months into our pre-commercial field deployment, whereas most biotech companies typically benefit from a longer runway prior to approval. Nationwide, there are approximately 140 SMA treatment centers and more than 2,600 SMA prescribing physicians. With this additional time, We are working to both broaden and deepen our engagement with these potential prescribing physicians. However, an SMA patient is not just treated by one of these physicians, but by a broader cross-specialty SMA treatment team. This team can include physical therapy, pulmonology, orthopedics, and more. This additional time is enabling us to better understand the patient journey and the roles of the SMA treatment team in each of these 140 treatment centers and how they influence patient care. Additionally, our market access team is expanding their focus beyond that of national payers to also include top regional payers. This builds on our ambition that any patient with SMA who can benefit from Epidogramab should have access to Epidogramab. Furthermore, our unwavering commitment to the SMA patient community continues by a partnership at a local and national events and to educate on the importance of targeting muscle. We are deepening our collaboration with the advocacy groups and we are also building lasting relationships, one patient, one caregiver, one family at a time. In Europe, Our efforts continue to drive SMA education and awareness, laying the groundwork to ensure we reach patients efficiently across key markets. Our opportunity to serve patients around the world in SMA is significant. There are an estimated 35,000 people with SMA who have received an SMN-targeted therapy and who could be eligible for treatment with a pedigree map. We are making strategic disciplined investments in our launch infrastructure, and we will be ready to execute rapidly once a pit-over map is approved. In short, we are ready. The strategy is clear. The team is in place, and our commitment to the SMA community has never been stronger. Now I will turn the call over to Vikas. Vikas?

Thank you, Keith. Our overarching objectives are to fund our R&D activities to expand our leadership in the myostatin and muscle space, to support a strong commercial launch, and to extend our runway to meet our eventual timelines for Apidigromab approval. In line with these objectives, I'm pleased to provide our third quarter financial results and to discuss our approach to managing our cash runway and investment prioritization moving forward. Turning first to our third quarter results, we ended the third quarter with $369.6 million in cash and cash equivalents. For the quarter, we reported $103 million in operating expenses, which includes $18.3 million in non-cash stock-based compensation. Excluding stock-based compensation, operating expenses were $85.3 million, which reflects ongoing investments in infrastructure to support epiduricumab regulatory approval, commercial readiness, and our clinical pipeline. During the third quarter, we strengthened our balance sheet, adding $141.7 million. This cash came from two sources. First, we executed our ATM and sold approximately 2.8 million shares, which resulted in net proceeds of $91.7 million. And second, we drew down $50 million from our existing debt facility. As we await epidurumab approval, we continue to operate with a tight financial plan focused on thoughtful capital allocation to advance our clinical pipeline and strategic investments to support commercial readiness. Accordingly, we have adjusted our go-forward operating plan. We have deferred investments across a number of areas, including new hiring, launch expenses that are gated to approval, certain R&D activities, including a third indication for Apidigrom app, and other discretionary spend. Now I'll turn to the six prioritized investments we are making. The acceleration of a second fill finish facility for Apidigrom app, SMA commercial launch readiness, ONIX, the apidigromab extension study, the Phase II OPAL study, the second indication for apidigromab, and the commencement of SRK439's clinical development. Turning to our balance sheet, our current cash balance is $369.6 million, which we expect to be augmented by approximately $60 million in cash from the exercise of outstanding common warrants by year end. With this, we expect our cash to be sufficient to fund operations into 2027. This cash runway has conservative assumptions and does not reflect any upside from potential sale of Apidigamab or a priority review voucher. To further strengthen our balance sheet, we intend to expand our credit facility while preserving our non-dilutive financing options. We will provide further clarity on this as well as our anticipated operating expenses for 2026 during our fourth quarter earnings call. Scholarock continues to operate from a position of financial strength with a disciplined approach to capital allocation and a clear focus on supporting our strategic priorities. With that, I'll turn the call back to David. David?

Thanks, Vikas. In closing, Scholarock remains focused on near-term execution while building with financial discipline for the future. Our conviction in Epidigromab and in our broader strategy is stronger than ever, and we are moving with urgency and purpose to deliver meaningful impact for patients. Our priorities are clear. Execute with urgency to bring Epidigromab, the world's first and only muscle-targeted treatment that improves motor function to children and adults living with SMA as rapidly as possible. Advance epitogram development activities in a second rare debilitating neuromuscular disease, and that will be followed by additional indications where we can have a transformative impact for patients. We want to progress SRK439 into the clinic and continue to invest in our future with discipline to support these high-value initiatives. Before I close, I want to share my sincere appreciation for CURE-SMA and the SMA patient community. Over these past weeks, I have had the opportunity to meet with many individuals and families living with SMA. And the words of support that have been shared with us and with me directly have been tremendously meaningful as we work harder, better, and faster to bring this impactful medicine to those who can benefit. With that, we'll now open the line for questions. Operator?

Thank you. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 11 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 11 again. We ask that you please limit yourselves to one question. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Mani Faruhar from Learink Partners.

Okay, guys, thanks for taking the question. Congrats on the progress through what's been obviously a choppy period for everyone in the government. I think a couple of quick questions. I know I'm violating the one-question rule. One, in terms of thinking about further financing opportunities to top up the tank as necessary, how do you think about debt versus royalty slash equity? How do you think about relative cost of capital and what's the most appropriate use once you get to a launch? And then another commercial question, in the early days of launch, it is probable that you will be transitioning from one facility to another. To what extent does that introduce any operational risk going from products from one facility to another, and how can that be addressed ahead of time by you guys now?

Thanks, Monty. Why don't we take the first question first with Vikas on the financing options, and then I'll come back on the redundancy of supply chain with Phil Finish. Vikas?

yeah thank you david hey money uh our first objective here is to bridge the financing till the um approval and you know the first path to go from the lowest cash to capital is to take um additional extend our loan facility a little bit more we are in discussions with that that will be our first opportunity Royalty probably comes next and if it goes too long and then we have to take a little bit of equity, that'll be the last and the most expensive one, which we are trying to avoid at any cost. It's trying to get it as more non-diluted first. Does that answer your question?

Yeah, so follow up. That would imply that relatively speaking we should expect you guys to wind down slash use the atm much less going forward like how did that fit into the strategy yeah you know um

Obviously, our first objective is to work with the loan facility and expand upon that. And ATMs are put in place just to take some small augmentation of the capital at an opportunistic view. And we did take it down in the last quarter. because we are only 50 million loan facility available. We're expanding that loan facility as we discuss. And as soon as we have the new facility in place, we'll share it with all of you.

And then, Mani, regarding the second vialer, a couple of bottlenecks I've shared with you and others in the past. One of the big ones I highlighted in the call is obviously finding a commercial line that is available that has got the ideal configuration for our vial. And our team, under the leadership of Lisa Wyman, our chief tech and quality officer, just did an extraordinary job in accelerating our second vialer progress to secure commercial capacity in Q1 and commence tech transfer in lightning speed since that middle of October timeline when the OAI hit. We thought that that was really important. Now, to get there and to get there quickly, you want to change as little as possible in your second vialer as in your primary vialer, whether or not it's vial configuration, analytical testing. So that actually helps you with speed as well. And those are the things that we'll be focused on. And then the impact in the marketplace really should be almost seamless. whether or not we are, you know, distributing our epinegrumab from the Bloomington facility or the new second viler. It should really be quite seamless operationally to the marketplace, and we would expect it to be that way. Thank you. All right. Thanks, guys.

I know I squeezed three questions in there. Sorry.

No, that's okay.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Eric Schmidt from Cantor.

Thanks for taking my question and congrats on the progress as well. David and team, for those of us who have kind of been reading the gory play-by-play around the catalytic facility in Bloomington and know some of the prior history and all the past issues, how do you kind of provide confidence that this remediation effort is on good footing and that the inspection will will prove positive and then maybe secondarily, do you expect that to be a class one or class two acceptance for the resubmission? Thank you.

Thanks, Eric. And no doubt there is a history in the facility. We think the history is really anchored around, you know, the quality system, the quality culture in the facility. I think importantly, it largely links back to, you know, ownership that did not include sort of the steady hand of Novo Nordisk and their commitment to quality and compliance. And so one of the things that I've been saying often, and certainly the gory details are gory, right? We got the observations and we notified you all of those observations, you know, back on August 6th, our last earnings call, which feels like a lifetime away now. And then we've kind of been riding through the CRL and the OAI. But what we have had a front row seat to is the collaboration with Novo, the commitment from the top of the organization, the changes in the staff that they are making, the integration of the Novo quality system into that facility, and then the substantial progress that they've been making on a robust remediation plan, which as they noted to the FDA on Wednesday, They feel like the facility is going to be reinspection ready by the end of this year. We don't think that Novo takes that lightly. We think that they are going through a series of internal exercises to make sure that they are reinspection ready. We would imagine that they'll continue to communicate with the FDA. and gather feedback on what might be missing from their remediation plan that they would then need to tweak before any re-inspection would take place. But we are surely been pleased with the seriousness and the urgency that from the top of that organization right through that facility, they are taking the remediation plan. Regarding Class 1 or Class 2, I'll turn that over to Akshay for his thoughts as he was presiding over our team in person in Bethesda on Wednesday, and the team just did a fantastic job. Akshay?

Yeah, thanks, David. You know, Eric, I just want to reiterate that it was a very constructive and collaborative meeting, and I think the agency, as you might expect, shares the need for urgency as we all work together to try and get a physical map to patients. one or class two, but we were very heartened by the comments they made and the approach they committed to to help protect the migraine and stroke patients. So, you know, we need to work with Novo to get their work done. Let's, you know, wish them the best, get the site reinspected, resubmit the DLA, and I'm confident the agency is going to act with urgency and commitment to this community of patients, which they've always shown when it comes to SMA.

Thank you very much.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Tess Romero from JP Morgan.

Hey, David and team. Thanks so much for the question here. So, to be clear, the BLA that you plan to submit in 2026 for Pitigremab will include Catalan as your primary fill finish? And you plan to file the SBLA for the additional fill finish facility later in 2026 following the potential approval of the BLA. Why is that the right path versus using an additional fill finish only? And then follow up is just on the EMA review. How is that going with respect to manufacturing related items? Thanks.

Thanks, Jess. Yeah, I mean, I think given where we are, given the tone and tenor of the meeting that Akshay presided over this week and, you know, again, the progress that NOVA has been making, which really, you know, which really enabled them to communicate to the FDA that they are on track to be in re-inspection ready by the end of this year. We just think that that is the absolute right path for us. We would expect that our BLA would be resubmitted with Catalan as our primary filler, and we would expect a second filler to be added to our file, which was frankly always going to be our plan anyway, given the fact that NOVA wants that facility for internal purposes. And so that is the path that we are following. Obviously, everything that we are doing to accelerate our second viler is a great insurance policy for us no matter what would happen. And I was really gratified by our team's efforts over the course of just the past month with the major progress that they have made to secure commercial capacity at a second vialer and already have tech transfer underway. And of course, we'll be expecting the commencement of our commercial capacity to be leveraged beginning in Q1 of 2026. Regarding the EMA, I'd love to have Akshay comment on that. Obviously, quality and compliance is important to all regulators, including them.

Indeed. And just to review the status of the EMA, the question and answers, if I go back and forth, have proceeded well. So the review continues in exactly the timeframes you'd expect. And as we guided on the formal comment, we expect a decision by the middle of next year. Now, vis-à-vis the Catalan manufacturing status and the EMA, there is a mutual recognition procedure, and so there is an interdependency, and I think we obviously agree with that. Though I would point out that everything we're doing for the 2026 resubmission, we, NOVA, and all our collaborators for the 2026 resubmission of our DLA here in the U.S. launch, following approval by the FDA, is in line with supporting our MAA. There's not much more I can say right now, and obviously we'll keep you updated. But let's stay on track, and as we proceed with the DLA, we hope that supports the EU approval as well.

Thank you. Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Tazin Ahmad from Bank of America. Hi, guys.

Good morning. Thanks for the detailed update. So can I ask, when is the latest that you can have this re-inspection for Catalent be completed and given the green light in order to meet your expectations for a 2026 launch? And then just to play the scenarios for a second, if for whatever reason the second inspection for Catalent you know, doesn't resolve all issues, how quickly could you pivot to making the application, you know, with your second fill finish, and how would that impact your timelines for 2026? Like, would you be able to switch that S-BLA filing to a BLA filing and keep the timelines the same as you just mentioned? Thanks.

Yeah, thanks, Daseen. It's, again, a good question. Getting back to what, or targeting back to Eric's point, you know, there's a history at the facility. It was under prior ownership. They've had a few difficult inspections that have led to Form 483s and, in this case, some repeat observations. So, I understand and we understand that everybody could share some level of concern and or skepticism that just getting a re-inspection is not the objective. It's a successful re-inspection. And we share with Novo Nordisk that that is the objective. And to really put their own team through not only the remediation plan, but rigorous exercises to be re-inspection ready, and we know that they are doing that. Related to your point about what if it doesn't resolve all issues, I think there's two ways to look at this, Zane. Are there still observations in the facility, but yet do those observations warrant or not sort of a reclassification of this facility? Because that's really what we're playing for, a reclassification from OAI to either VAI or NAI. And for that, certainly that is what the objective is. I think regarding your timeline, I think a reinspection you know, could technically go pretty well into 2026, and we would still be within a frame of our guidance of, you know, resubmitting our BLA and then the U.S. launch upon approval. We're obviously pleased that the tone and tenor of our Type A meeting, led by Akshay, with the FDA, with all the key decision makers, all the key groups, I think was constructive, It was collaborative. And there really was a shared understanding of the unmet need and a shared understanding that urgency is necessary to serve a very important patient population. And so we're hoping that all of the steps that would be required that gets us to a re-inspection would be done in an expeditious way within the regulatory framework that exists and that NOVA will do their part. We don't think that they take lightly indicating to the FDA that they will be re-inspection ready by the end of this year. We don't think that that's a low bar. We think they're holding themselves, given the commitment to quality and compliance in the culture of Novo Nordisk. We think they say that with a pretty high hurdle in mind. But back to your question about should like a meteorite hit that facility. In other words, should the inspection not go well, then what role would the second violer play? Well, everything that we've done to accelerate that second vialer would be obviously extremely important for us in terms of should we need to pivot, and it's not an addition of this vialer on an SBLA, but it's actually our primary resubmission strategy. There are a number of ways that the FDA, and we expect they've done this in the past and given the shared urgency, would understand some level of potential pathways to expedite adding a second vialer as your first vialer in the form of a BLA, and everything that we're doing to expedite this process we think will aid us in case the impact of the inspection is not what we all expect it to be, which is a successful reinspection. And as we continue to work with that second vialer, we can provide further guidance to you as we progress from tech transfer, which is now underway, directly into the filling lines that we will be executing in Q1 and Q2, and we'll provide those updates over time. Thank you.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Crepa Devarakonda from Truist Securities.

Hey guys, thank you so much for taking my question and congratulations on all the progress. Thanks for all the details. So in terms of timelines for resubmission of BLA, I feel like we're all asking the same question, but is the plan to wait for the reinspection and for the OAI to be resolved before you submit the BLA? And understand that NOVA has said that they're going to be inspection ready by year end, but could NOVA request An inspection? And finally, you know, would you be able to address whether NOVA hired any outside consultant to help with this process? Thank you.

Yeah, maybe related to the timelines on resubmission, I think that Akshay can comment on our thinking and recognizing that with the collaboration with the FDA and the shared urgency, You know, it's a little dynamic. We don't have our type A meeting minutes yet, but Akshay can share at least our go-forward plan with respect to that.

Yeah, I mean, I think base case, Chris said, it's face-to-face that the inspector would have to kind of submit after that. But as David said, it is a dynamic situation. can't invite the degree of support from the agency during our Taipei meeting. So, you know, a lot's going to happen in the coming weeks and early part of next year, and we look forward to resubmitting this deal.

But for sure, Kripa, given that, again, it's reiterated our sole and primary issue is the classification of this facility and their state of compliance, I think it's a safe assumption that we'd like to see that cleared. and be ready to go immediately with a resubmission. That's sort of our go-forward plan at this point.

And I think it's worth adding, David, that that resubmission is really competitively initial VLE resubmission. It's a very different effort. It's a much more contained effort around just the safety update and the CMC aspects of the file. So it's very, you know, we're ready to file that resubmission at very short notice.

Um, CRIPA related to the, could Novo request a re-inspection? I think in a way they're signaling that they're ready. Uh, we would imagine that Novo and the agency still has some wood to chop, you know, just how do we feel about the remediation plan? Is there anything left before re-inspection needs to be done? I would expect that to be happening. Okay. That, that, that would be an expectation, but, um, in a way they put themselves, um, you know, on notice with the FDA that they stand ready to be re-inspected toward the end of this year. And we think that that is, you know, really, really important. But as you know, this re-inspection will not be announced. It would be like your typical unannounced inspection. And so you can put yourself on notice and communicate with the Office of Compliance that you're re-inspection ready, as they notified at our Type A meeting at the end of this year. But we would expect the FDA to When they do reinspect the facility, it would likely be an unannounced inspection. And then your final question about third parties, I think Novo is really looking very broadly, and they have been working with outside experts and helping them through all of these things, including the remediation plan and the progress with the remediation plan. And we have been pleased. with the level of quality and urgency that they are applying to this remediation plan, and we're thankful to them for that.

Thank you so much. Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Edser Dara from Barclays.

Thanks for taking the question. Just because investors have sort of been circling this September 2026 date in terms of sort of timing for a potential approval. David, maybe if you could help us understand what could, you know, maybe the 58 minutes unveil to you on the type of resubmission that you'd have to make, maybe their timelines around the decision once you have filed, refiled the BLA.

Thank you. Yeah, thanks, Ed, sir. It's a great question and, again, something that I think Akshay, you know, wanted to have some robust conversation, you know, with the agency on at our Type A meeting. We're obviously not – we don't have meeting minutes in hand, and we certainly want to allow the agency to do their work. But Akshay can comment on how we're thinking about the resubmission timing and, again, whether or not it would be Class 1 or Class 2.

Yeah. You know, as far as the minutes are concerned, I think it's always good to get the minutes in hand and reconfirm the impressions that we're conveying to you this morning that they're documented in the minutes of the progress that NOVA has made of commitments that everyone is showing to the agency of the matter, NOVA's comment about being ready for reinfection, and everything we've discussed so far. So we await those minutes, and we're confident that they'll reflect what we're conveying this morning. Now, as far as the resubmission is concerned, we just discussed that with the last question. And of course, we'll resubmit as soon as the inspection is done or earlier if possible. But we'll be guided by the agency through all of that. And we'll also be guided on the review timeline. Now, the minutes we get won't spell out the nature of the review timelines for the resubmission. That's not their practice. They await resubmission of the VLA before that's done. But one thing I can tell you, as David emphasized at the turn and tenor of the meeting, that there was support to act with the agency to get, on all parts of the site, including the agency, to get this drug to patients as soon as possible.

Great. Thank you. And thank you for all the updates today. Thank you.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Mark Fromm from TD Cowan.

Thanks for taking my questions and all the detailed disclosures around this meeting. Maybe in that light, as you moved forward and NOVA hopefully is in fact in position to be re-inspected, what do you expect to be able to disclose and on what timeline, particularly given that it isn't even your facility directly but it is a partner? Will you be able to disclose right when it gets inspected, not until Maybe some 433s are received. Just what are the disclosure plans there?

Thanks, Mark. I think our disclosure plans will really kind of look in the mirror and focus on us and the things that are material to us that we think are important to share. Obviously, the re-inspection timeline, when it happens, the outcome of it is really important. So I think we want to be open to sharing the important information with you. Obviously, the way this would work is, you know, an inspection takes, you know, a week to a couple of weeks. There's generally a closeout meeting. At that closeout meeting, there's, you know, generally some kind of preliminary assessment when a Form 483, as we've noted in the past, I think, again, it's hard to believe when we first disclosed these Form 483 observations was only last quarter because it feels like, for me, it's been a long time. You know, as you know, a Form 483 usually travels 75% of the time with any inspection. But, of course, we wouldn't expect a Form 483 to result in an OAI most of the times. And I think that's what startled all of us. But I think that all along, Novo has been approaching this, you know, very aggressively. So I think we'll just, you know, maintain as we have open lines of communication with you all. When we have important information to share, we'll certainly do that. And I think what we've done in the past is, even if it wasn't something for us, but we did learn of, let's just say, the classification of the facility as we did just last month in October, you know, we tried to get out in front of that and disclose that and have some dialogue with you all on what that meant. And we'll continue to, you know, make a commitment to do the same here as we continue on this journey to an eventual resubmission and U.S. launch upon approval.

Okay, that's helpful. And maybe just on the idea of waiting for the re-inspection to kind of happen in the reclassification before filing, but also, you know, in your prior answers, you noted, you know, this would be kind of like an unannounced re-inspection, you know, once they've communicated that they really are in position to be ready. But kind of a forcing mechanism to that at some level, it could be a submission of a BLA from anyone using the facility. So, you know, maybe is there some value of maybe filing ahead to kind of try to force the timeline on the inspection? Or is your expectation that there are just so many other products flowing through this facility that that's kind of going to happen on its own without you guys being the forcing?

Well, Mark, a couple of the things you said are really important. One is that, you know, we've heard this too, right? I mean, the thing that creates you know, urgency are pending applications. And right now, we don't have a pending application. We have a pending resubmission. At the same time, I would note that we were generally pleased with how constructive and collaborative the in-person Type A meeting was, and that there was this you know, shared understanding of the unmet need and shared urgency. So while we're not on file, I would say of a lot of the things, and you're absolutely right on your last point, that there are other pending applications at that site, and that can serve us well. We do think our Type A meeting serves as a really good central point of highlighting while we're not on file, there is real urgency here for a community that is desperately struggling wanting to benefit from the world's first and only muscle-directed therapy. And so we have to continue to work with the agency, be collaborative with them, find everyone's right footing on what the right thing to do is, and that is really our go-forward plan. And we think we've built sort of a foundation and framework with the agency, frankly, all the way through the initial priority review period up until September 22nd, And even through Wednesday, a really strong foundation for collaboration for us to work together to resolve this issue.

Yeah, thanks, David. And I just want to reiterate the importance of that collaborative approach. And, you know, you mentioned, you know, forcing functions, so to speak, by resubmitting ahead of the re-inspection. I don't know if that's wise. We want to be working closely with the FDA and be guided by them. Now, as we said, it's a dynamic situation, and if You know, they invite us, so they support any kind of resubmission in a particular time frame in and around the re-inspection. We will, of course, we are ready and we can resubmit very efficiently, but this is not about a forcing function. We have to collaborate with the SES.

Okay, thank you.

Thank you. One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from the line of Evan Siegerman from BMO Capital Markets.

Hi, I'm Evan. Thanks for taking our question. With the delays for Epidigromab, can you talk more about what your sales or market research team's efforts are to identify patients ahead of the launch? You had mentioned efforts to work with centers of excellence to understand the patient journey better, but do you feel you are developing a more robust number of patients which you could target for therapy following approval? potentially leading to a little bit of a faster uptake than people were probably initially expecting. Thanks.

Yeah, it's a great question. Keith was highlighting it earlier in the call, and I'll turn it over to him for further comments on launch prep.

Yeah, no, thanks for the question. I guess I'd say, first of all, when the September 22nd date occurred, that was only after two months of the team being able to spend time out in the field. And now with the extended time, we're getting to not just visit with the physicians, but we're also getting to meet the SMA treatment teams and getting that full feel. And what is that additionally, not just the SMA treatment teams, we're spending more time with patient advocacy events and getting to speak with patients and their families. And I can tell you what we're hearing is that there's a clear understanding of the unmet medical need and the approach of attacking this disease from a dual modality, no longer just the motor neuron, but also directly targeting the muscle. And this is being well accepted as we get the opportunity to meet with more people in the community. You add to the fact of the safety profile that epitogrammab has demonstrated in quite frankly all of our studies, not just our SMA studies, but if you take a look at EMBRAZE, that was also all adults all treated with 10 milligram per kilogram and, you know, exceptional safety results. I guess I would end with the fact that at the end of the day, we're offering the world's first muscle targeted therapy. And, you know, in the event, if you have a choice to either be in a situation of, you know, having experienced muscle loss or the potential for muscle gain, why wouldn't you want to use epitogrammatic?

Thank you.

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.