Texas Capital Bancshares, Inc.

Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining the Texas Capital Bank Share Inc. Full Year and Q4 2025 Earnings Call. My name is Claire, and I will be coordinating your call today. During the presentation, you can register a question by pressing star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If you change your mind, please press star followed by two on your telephone keypad. I will now hand over to Jocelyn Kokoka from Texas Capital Bank to begin. Please go ahead.

Good morning, and thank you for joining us for TCBI's fourth quarter 2025 earnings conference call. I'm Jocelyn Kukulka, head of investor relations. Before we begin, please be aware this call will include forward-looking statements that are based on our current expectations of future results or events. Forward-looking statements are subject to both known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from these statements. Our forward-looking statements are as of the date of this call, and we do not assume any obligation to update or revise them. Today's presentation will include certain non-GAAP measures, including but not limited to adjusted operating metrics, adjusted earnings per share, and return on capital. For reconciliation of these and other non-GAAP measures to the corresponding GAAP measures, please refer to the earnings press release and our website. Statements made on this call should be considered together with the cautionary statements and other information contained in today's earnings release, our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, and subsequent filings with the SEC. We will refer to slides during today's presentation, which can be found along with the press release in the investor relations section of our website at TexasCapital.com. Our speakers for the call today are Rob Holmes, Chairman, President, and CEO, and Matt Scurlock, CFO. At the conclusion of our prepared remarks, the operator will open up the call for Q&A. I'll now turn the call over to Rob for opening remarks.

Thank you for joining us today. 2025 was a defining year in this firm's history. In the third quarter, we achieved our stated financial targets, marking completion of our transformation and delivering the largest organic profitability improvement of any commercial bank exceeding $20 billion in assets over the past two decades. We reinforced this achievement in the fourth quarter with a 1.2% ROAA. demonstrating that our third quarter performance was not an anomaly, but instead reflects firm wide client obsession, unwavering commitment to operational excellence, and a balance sheet and business model increasingly centered on the high value client segments that we are uniquely positioned to serve. Full year adjusted ROAA of 1.04% represents a 30 basis point improvement versus 2024 and signals a fundamental improvement of our earnings power. The result of disciplined execution, strategic investments, conservative portfolio management, and sustained operational leverage. Our comprehensive 2025 results validate this trajectory. Record-adjusted total revenue of $1.3 billion. Record-adjusted net income to common stockholders of $314 million. Record adjusted earnings per share of $6.80. Record adjusted pre-provision net revenue of $489 million. Record fee income from strategic areas of focus of $192 million. Equally important, we achieved record tangible common equity to tangible assets of 10.56% and record tangible book value per share of $75.25, metrics that underscore both the quality of our earnings and the prudence of our capital allocation strategy. Our disciplined capital allocation process remains focused solely on driving long-term shareholder value. We continue to bias capital toward franchisor-creative client segments, evidenced by commercial loan growth of $1.1 billion, or 10%, and interest-bearing deposits excluding brokered and indexed that increased $1.7 billion or 10% year over year. During periods of market dislocation in 2025, we opportunistically, we purchased 2.2 million shares or 4.9% of prior year shares outstanding at approximately 114% of prior month tangible book value per share. Since 2020, we have purchased 14.6% of our starting shares outstanding at a weighted average price of $64.33 per share, while adding 340 basis points to our peer-leading tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio. These achievements demonstrate a fundamentally stronger business model, one position to deliver consistent industry-leading returns and sustainable value creation for shareholders. Having established this strong foundation, our strategic focus now shifts to consistent execution and realizing the full potential of our investments. Our infrastructure, talent, and platforms are designed for scale, enabling us to handle significantly higher volumes and revenue while maintaining disciplined expense management. A defining driver of our improved profitability is the diversification and growth of our fee income streams. Fee income areas of focus generated $192 million in 2025 with substantial growth opportunity ahead. These businesses are differentiated in the market, capital efficient, and provide revenue stability across economic cycles. Focused investment in product capabilities, technology platforms, and talent will drive fee income as a percentage of total revenue higher further enhancing our return profile and reducing earnings volatility. The transformation over the past several years has fundamentally repositioned Texas Capital as a scalable, high-performing franchise. This positions us in a new phase, consistent execution and compounding returns. The combination of balance sheet growth, operating leverage, and fee and income expansion creates multiple paths to enhance profitability and sustainable shareholder value creation. Our focus is clear. Execute with discipline, scale with intention, and deliver consistent, superior returns. Our strategy, platform, talent, and momentum position us to achieve these objectives. Thank you for your continued interest in and support of Texas Capital. I'll turn it over to Matt for details on the financial results.

Thanks, Rob, and good morning. Starting on slide five. Fourth quarter results cap a record year with broad-based improvements across all key metrics. Our increasingly durable business model, uniquely positioned to deliver high-quality client outcomes, is translating into sustainably strong financial performance that we knew was possible when this transformation began. For the second consecutive quarter, adjusted return on average assets exceeded our legacy 1.1% target, reaching 1.2% in Q4. The second half of 2025 delivered 1.25% return on average assets, while full-year adjusted ROAA of 1.04% represents a 30 basis point improvement versus 2024, a testament to the strategic repositioning we've executed since September of 2021. The over-year quarterly revenue increased 15% to $327.5 million. As a resilient net interest margin, strong fee generation, and improved expense productivity supported the second consecutive quarter, of pre-provisioned net revenue at or near all-time highs. Full-year adjusted total revenue reached $1.26 billion, the highest in firm history, up 13% year-over-year. This reflects 14% growth in net interest income to $1.03 billion and 9% growth in adjusted fee-based revenue to $229 million, marking the third consecutive year of record fee income and underscoring the durability, diversification, and scale potential embedded in our current platform. Full-year adjusted non-interest expense increased modestly by 4% to $768.9 million, consistent with our full-year guidance, demonstrating our proven ability to effectively support investment and growth capabilities while delivering continued operating model improvements. Quarterly adjusted non-interest expense decreased 2% or $4.2 million to $186.4 million, benefiting from continued expense realignment and regular accrual adjustments that resulted in outperformance relative to the guidance. Staying together, full-year adjusted PPNR increased $119 million, or 32%, to $489 million, a record high for the firm. This quarter's provision expense of $11 million resulted from $10.7 million of net charge-offs on a relatively flat late quarter total loan balance. With our continued view of the uncertain macroeconomic environment, which remains decidedly more conservative than consensus expectations, full-year provision expense as a percentage of average LHI excluding mortgage finance came in at 31 basis points. the low end of our prior 2025 full-year guidance, supported by year-over-year improvements in portfolio quality metrics. Adjusted net income to common of $94.6 million for the quarter, or $2.08 per share, increased 45% year-over-year, while full-year adjusted net income to common of $313.8 million, or $6.80 per share, improved 53% over adjusted 2024 levels. This financial progress continues to be supported by a disciplined capital management program, which contributed to 13.4% year-over-year growth in tangible book value per share to $75.25, an all-time high for the firm. Our balance sheet metrics continue to reflect both operational strength and financial resilience, with ending period cash balances of 7% of total assets and cash insecurities of 22%, in line with year-end targeted ratios. Focus routines on target client acquisition are delivering risk-appropriate and return-accretive loan portfolio expansion, with commercial loan balances expanding $254 million or 8% annualized during the quarter. Total gross LHI increased $1.6 billion or 7% year-over-year to $24.1 billion, with growth driven predominantly by commercial loan balances, which increased $1.1 billion or 10% year-over-year to $12.3 billion. As expected, real estate loans declined $301 million quarter-over-quarter as payoffs and paydowns outpaced construction fundings and new term originations in the fourth quarter. the full-year average commercial real estate loan balances did increase modestly year over year. Our expectation is for commercial real estate payoffs to continue into 2026, with full-year average balances down approximately 10% year over year. Our portfolio composition remains weighted to conservatively leveraged multifamily, further characterized by strong sponsorship and high-quality markets. Average mortgage financial loans increased 8% in the quarter to $5.9 billion, driven by strong industry demand, our clients' preference for our offerings, and what is an increasing holistic relationship and modestly increasing dwell times. Average mortgage financial loans grew 12% for the full year, slightly outpacing guidance. Given unpredictability and rate expectations, we remain cautious on our outlook for average mortgage finance balances going into 2026. Estimates from professional forecasters suggest total market originations to increase by 16%, to 2.3 trillion in 2026 compared to our internal estimates of approximately 15% increase in four-year average balances should the rate outlook remain intact. As we contemplate potentially higher volumes in the mortgage finance business, it is important to note the material changes in this offering over the previous few years. In addition to the significant credit risk and capital benefits of the approximately 59% of existing balances now in the well-discussed enhanced credit structures, Over 75% of current mortgage warehouse clients are now open with our broker-dealer, and nearly all maintain treasury relationships with the firm, which collectively drives significantly improved risk-adjusted returns should the industry realize anticipated 2026 growth. Full-year deposit growth of $1.2 billion, or 5%, was driven predominantly by our continued ability to effectively leverage growth and core relationships to serve the entirety of our clients' cash management needs. partially offset by our continued programmatic reduction of mortgage finance deposits. These trends are evidenced in part by our sustained ability to effectively grow client interest-bearing deposits, which, when excluding multi-year contraction and index deposits, are up 1.7 billion or 10% year-over-year, while also effectively managing deposit data, which are 67% cycle-to-date, inclusive of the mid-December cut. During the quarter, ending non-interest-bearing deposits excluding mortgage finance increased 8% or $233 million. with average non-interest-bearing deposits excluding mortgage finance remaining flat at 13% of total deposits linked quarter. Period of mortgage finance non-interest-bearing deposit balances decreased $963 million per quarter, as escrow balances related to tax payments began remittance in late November and run through January, before beginning to predictably rebuild over the course of the year. For the quarter, average mortgage finance deposits were 85% of average mortgage finance loans, down from 90% the prior quarter and 107% in Q4 of last year. We expect the mortgage finance self-funding ratio to remain near these levels in the first quarter, with potential for further improvement expected during the seasonally strong spring and summer months. The cost of interest-bearing deposits declined 29 basis points linked quarter to 3.47%, and 85 basis points from Q4 of 2024. Accounting for a realized beta on the December cut, we expect cumulative beta to be in the low 70s by the end of the first quarter, assuming no Fed actions during Q1. Our modeled earnings at risk increased modestly this quarter, with current and prospective balance sheet positioning continuing to reflect a business model that is intentionally more resilient to changes in market rates. Despite short-term rates declining approximately 100 basis points during 2025, we delivered 14% full-year net interest income growth, 13% total revenue growth, and a 45 basis point year-over-year increase in net interest margin. This resilience is in part the result of discipline duration management and acknowledge of our improved ability to deliver returns through cycle. During Q4, 250 million in swaps matured at a 3.4% receive rate. Replace this with a billion dollars in receive fix over swaps executed at 3.41% becoming effective in Q4. An additional 400 million in swaps at a 3.32% receive rate became effective in early Q1. Looking ahead, we will continue disciplined use of our securities and swap book to appropriately augment rates following generation embedded in our current business model. Quarterly net interest margin declined nine basis points and net interest income decreased 4.3 million, reflecting timing differences related to lower interest rates on our superweighted loan portfolio relative to Fed fund-driven deposit cost reductions realized in the quarter. The benefit of reduced deposit costs will be more fully reflected in January's financials. Year-over-year quarterly net interest margin expanded 45 basis points, driven primarily by favorable deposit betas and structural improvements in portfolio efficiency, including a reduction in our mortgage finance self-funding ratio from 107% to 85%. Fourth quarter adjusted net interest expense increased 8% relative to the same quarter last year, primarily driven by higher salaries and benefits expense aligned with investment in our areas of focus. As a reminder, first quarter non-interest expenses expected to be elevated due to annual accrual resets and seasonal payroll and compensation expense. Full-year adjusted non-interest income grew 8% to $229 million, a record for the firm. The income from our areas of focus continues to differentiate our client positioning and strengthen our revenue profile. Treasury product fees again delivered industry-leading growth, increasing 24% for the full year. This growth reflects robust client acquisition and 12% growth P times V expansion, both significantly outpacing industry benchmarks and demonstrating our competitive advantage in gaining the primary operating relationship with our target clients. Investment banking achieves substantial scale expansion with transaction volumes across capital markets, capital solutions, and syndications climbing nearly 40% year over year. While average capital markets deal sizes contracted relative to 2024, This material increase in volume underscores our deepening market penetration and the expanding nature of relationships across the target client universe. Total notional bank capital range increased 20% this year, positioning us as the number two ranked arranger for traditional middle market loan syndications nationwide. This ranking reflects our market leadership and a core client segment, while highlighting our ability to provide client financing solutions that best fit both their balance sheet and ours. Texas Capital Securities delivered noteworthy traction as well, with 2025 volume increasing 45% year-over-year. Together, these results validate our focus on building diversified, scalable revenue streams while deepening our primary operating relationships with middle market and corporate clients. The total allowance for credit loss, including off-balance sheet reserves of $333 million, remains near our all-time high, which, when excluding the impact of mortgage finance allowance and related loan balances, was relatively flat in the quarter at 1.82% of total LHI. and the top decile among the peer group. Net charge-offs for the quarter were 10.7 million or 18 basis points of LHI, related to several previously identified credits in the commercial portfolio. Positive grade migration trends over the first three quarters of the year resulted in an 11% reduction year-over-year in criticized loans. During the fourth quarter, select commercial real estate multifamily credits migrated from past to special mention, as projects and lease-up continue to require ongoing rental concessions to gain or maintain occupancy. impacting net operating income in spite of material project-specific equity and sponsor support. Capital levels remain at or near the top of the industry. CET1 finished the quarter at 12.1% with full-year improvements of 75 basis points reflecting strong running generation and disciplined capital management. Tangible equity to tangible assets increased 58 basis points for the full year. A significant driver of capital strength is our mortgage finance enhanced credit structures. By quarter end, approximately 59% of the mortgage finance loan portfolio had migrated into these structures, bringing the blended risk weighting to 57%. This improvement is equivalent to generating over $275 million of regulatory capital, with client dialogue suggesting an additional 5% to 10% of funded balances could migrate over the next two quarters, further enhancing both credit positioning and return on allocated capital. During the quarter, we purchased approximately 1.4 million shares for $125 million at a weighted average price of $86.76 per share, representing 117% of prior month tangible book value. Full-year share repurchases totaled 2.25 million shares, or $184 million, equivalent to 4.9% of prior year share outstanding. Finally, tangible common equity tangible assets finished at 10.6%, ranked first amongst the largest banks in the country. while tangible book value per share increased 13.44% year-over-year to $75.25, the fifth consecutive record quarter for the firm. Looking ahead to 2026, our outlook reflects continued realized scale from multi-year platform investments. We anticipate total revenue growth in the mid to high single-digit range, driven by industry-leading client adoption and continued growth in our fee income areas of focus. with full-year non-interest revenue expected to reach $265 to $290 million. Anticipated non-interest expense growth in the mid-single digits reflects increased compensation expense tied to improved performance, target expansion in defined client coverage areas, and platform investments meant to expand upon best-in-class client execution, further enhancing our operating resilience and supporting future enhancements to structural profitability. Given continued economic uncertainty and our commitment to operating from a position of financial resilience, we are moderating our full-year provision outlook to 35 to 40 basis points of average LHI, excluding mortgage finance. Taken together, this outlook reflects another year of positive operating leverage and meaningful earnings growth. Operator, we'd like to now open up the call for questions. Thank you.

Thank you. To ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad now. If you change your mind, please press star followed by two. When preparing to ask your question, please ensure your device is unmuted locally. Our first question comes from Woody Lay from KBW. Woody, your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning, guys. Good morning. Wanted to start on the investment banking and trading outlook and specifically the investment banking pipeline. I believe in 2025, you know, deals kind of got pushed to year-end, just given some of the terror of volatility over the first half of the year. So how does the pipeline look entering 2026, and how do you think about pacing of investment banking fees relative to the back half of the year?

Hey, Woody, let me just give you a little fast on the investment bank performance in 2025. We arranged about $30 billion of debt across term loan B high yield and private placement. And then on top of that, about $19 billion in lead left syndications in the bank market. So we arranged about $49 billion of debt for our clients, which is very impressive, broad new client penetration and leadership in the segment. IV transaction volume was up about 40%. The fees were much more granular, so people like you and others would suggest that's a healthy, better earning stream. Equities, we participated in more transactions than we had forecasted, even though some got pushed. And sales and trading has passed $330 billion of no-show trades since the opening of the business. That's up about 45% since last year. So there's broad growth. We're starting to see repeat refinancings. Remember, we just really got into this business in earnest like three years ago. And so now you're starting to see the repeat of a client that came onto the platform three years ago, which will add to the earnings going forward. I would say that what you are really focused on in terms of things that got pushed was more in the M&A space and equity space. And we are seeing and we do expect to see that pull through. And pipelines remain very healthy. But it's very broad now. Public finance, best we can tell, our public finance desk has grown for a de novo public finance desk faster than any public finance desk that we can find. And the synergies in the investment bank across commercial banking and corporate banking has proved to be very, very strong. Like just the example, stay on public finance. We have a government not-for-profit segment in corporate. Well, before we had public finance, all we could really do is lend to them short-term and do the treasury. And now we can lend to them short-term. We can do the treasury. We can – do financings for them as well in the public markets. So it's working as anticipated, and we remain very, very optimistic and proud of the business.

What did the income from Treasury, Wealth, and Investment Banking top? $50 million for the second consecutive quarter, which when you compare that to the $47.4 million of total fees for the full year 2020 from those three categories – So it's just how much progress we've made since announcing the transformation. Full-year guide for non-interest income is to increase 15% to 25% to $265 to $290 million, which is underpinned by investment banking fees of $160 to $175 million. And if you just think about Q1, outlook is for stable link quarter performance. So total non-interest income is $60 to $65 million. Investment banking, $35 to $40 million. which to Rob's comment, expectation of continued platform maturity and integration of all the hires and capabilities that we've built over the last 12 to 18 months, driving positive trajectory both in fee income and investment banking as we move through the year.

And I would just add one more first. It didn't happen in the fourth quarter. It happened this quarter, Woody, but we did lead our first sole managed lead left equity deal, which we think is a first for a Texas-based firm. for any period that we went back and found. So really, really excited about the business.

That's great to hear. That's really a great color. I appreciate that all. Next, I just wanted to hit on capital and a little bit of a two-part question. First, you were pretty active on the buyback front in the fourth quarter. Was that a reflection of, you know, the elevated CRE paydowns freed up some capital? And then the second question is, you know, you reiterated the CET1 guide of over 11%. You know, you've been price sensitive on the buyback historically. It talks now trading well above where you bought in the fourth quarter. How do you think about additional buybacks from here? Yeah, Woody, pushing CT1 up 75 basis points to 12.13% while growing loans 1.6 billion or 7%. Buying back 5% of the company for 114% of prior month tangible and building tangible book value per share by 13.44%. We're obviously pretty pleased with how we utilize shareholders' capital for their benefit in 2025. We're highly focused on doing it again in 26. And to your point, I think we have a lot of options at our disposal. The published strategic objective of being financially resilient to market and rate cycles for us is, of course, paramount. And while we think we have significant capital in excess of internally observer's profile, Rob said repeatedly that carrying sector-leading tangible common to tangible assets is a real material contributor to our ability to attract the right type of clients. That's going to benefit the shareholder over time and is an advantage that we're currently unwilling to give up. I would say as the profitability continues to improve, the resources available to support items on the capital menu also expands. If you're trading at 1.3 times tangible, take the 2026 and 2027 consensus estimates for ROE. Buying back today suggests that you're purchasing at book value in two and a half years. which could certainly make sense for us given our internal view of forward earnings trajectory and then the ability to generate both book equity and regulatory capital.

I think also we continue to really focus – well, I think, humbly, we've proven to be pretty good allocators of capital over the past several years, as Matt just outlined. But we also continue to drive structural improvements in the platform, So if you remember, we talked about the SPE structure and mortgage finance. We have the majority of our mortgage finance sector clients in that structure now. 77% or over 70% of those clients are open with a dealer. We do treasury with basically 100% of those clients. But when you move those clients, the sophisticated Bethecast clients to the FBE structure, you go from the risk weighting of 100% down to sub 30% now on average, which clearly is a better model and releases capital. And we're not going to, we'll forever try to drive efficiencies, both in cost, but also capital in the businesses that we have at the firm.

All right. That's all for me. Thanks for taking my questions.

Thanks. Thank you. Our next question comes from Michael Rose from Raymond James. Michael, your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hey. Good morning, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. Maybe just on the expense outlook, you know, I think you mentioned, obviously, some wage inflation, you know, clearly, and some hiring efforts. Can you just talk about some of the areas where you're looking to kind of incrementally add? Is it on the lender front? Is it continuing to build out the capital markets platform? Is it all of the above? Just trying to get a better breakdown of how we should think about that mid-single-digit expense as we move forward. Thanks.

You bet, Michael. highly focused on leveraging the previous material investments that we've made by expanding capabilities and adding targeted coverage. With the 2026 expense guide, continue to heavily feature growth in salaries and benefits with select increase in technology. We now have, we think, a multi-year pattern of effectively improving the productivity of the expense base through the deployment of technology solutions which we anticipate is only going to accelerate as we more fully adopt AI across the franchise. I would call out this expected seasonality in the expense base, which will increase at a higher percentage this year, just given the larger portion of total salaries and benefits that's currently tied to the stock. So the current guy does anticipate Q1 non-interest expense between $210 and $215 million. with about 18 of seasonal comp and benefits expense, and then another $10 million from the combination of incentive comp reset, late quarter merit increases, and full quarter impact of late-year hires. As you exit Q1, we think about salaries and benefits around $125 million a quarter, and then other non-interest expense in that $75 million or so a quarter range. And then, importantly, the mid-single-digit expense guide is sufficient to cover the current revenue expectations and the composition. inclusive of the fee growth. I don't know what I was going to say at the end.

I guess the last thing I would say as we change the mix of investment to a higher mix front office in terms of expense mix with salaries and benefits, that's been a long journey. We continue to do that. But the revenue synergy today that we get from an incremental front office hire is dramatically more. So remember, You know, Matt talked about this a lot, Michael. We talked about it with you a lot. When we're building these businesses, we had to build the back, middle, and front office. The back and middle are substantially complete, as we discussed a lot. So, when you add somebody to the front line, the return on that hire is much greater, which is reflected in everything that Matt said.

Great. I appreciate the color. Maybe just as my follow-up. Can you just talk about the opportunities? I know you're not going to want to talk about loan growth figures per se, but, you know, high single digit, you know, commercial loan growth, CRE down a little bit. There's obviously been some market, some mergers in and around your markets. Can you just talk about, and then you obviously have hired a lot of lenders, right, as you've kind of upgraded the staff. Is there any reason to think that the loan growth LHI momentum, again, I'm not asking for a target, But that wouldn't continue against kind of a more, in theory, favorable backdrop, some of the momentum that you have just on the hiring front that you've made already, and then just a more conducive long market. Thanks.

Mike, I think a lot of the trends that you've seen in the second half of 2025 should really continue into 26 with strong CNI and mortgage finance growth offsetting contracting commercial real estate balances. So we noted in the preparator marks, the guide contemplates a $2.3 trillion mortgage-regulation market, which sits on top of a 6.3% 30-year fixed-rate mortgage, which for us would drive about a 15% increase in full-year average mortgage finance balances. As Rob just noted, this is obviously a completely different mortgage finance offering than the legacy warehouse that we've had at TCBI. It's 59%. of these loans are in the enhanced credit structure, which have the average risk weighting of 28%. 80% of these clients are both a dealer, and nearly all of them take advantage of our treasury product suite, which suggests that any realized pickup in one to four family originations is going to generate significantly higher and more diversified per unit risk-adjusted returns for us this year. We also think we'll have another record year of client acquisition in the C&I-focused offerings, which should be enough to offset continued balance reductions in CRE, which in our view should be pretty expected given multi-year pullback and originations really across all property types. I think all those things together, Michael, would support another year of mid- to high-single-digit growth in gross LHI.

Yeah, and Michael, I appreciate it. The reason I said, you know, when we first started and I said loan growth doesn't matter is because we knew loan growth would come if we had the right clients left in. And we also knew that, I mean, like we just talked about, we ranged, you know, $30 billion of term loan B, high yield and private placement debt for clients that wasn't bank debt, which helped the client and was a great risk management tool for us. And then also, as we mentioned, we're number two in the country in in middle market, lead left, bank syndication leads. Well, there's a lot of banks out there that would just kept that exposure, which we don't think is the right decision for the client, but it's certainly not the right decision for us from a risk management perspective. So we're not trying to maximize loan growth. We're trying to provide the clients with the right solutions and keep really good credit discipline and have great client outcomes. So That's why we said what we said before, loan growth does matter, but it's going to come in spite of our prudent risk management because of our client acquisition and client selection.

Another way just to think about that client acquisition, Michael, is commitments for us in the CNI space, link quarter, we're up over 25%. So we continue to drive low double-digit growth and C&I balances. And our last quarter, I think we grew commitment 18% year over year. And, again, those are the 25% late quarter. So a lot of client activity showing up on the platform.

Okay. So a lot of momentum to continue. Thanks for all the call, guys. Appreciate it.

Sure. Sure.

Thank you. Our next question is from Casey Hare from Autonomous Research. Your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning. This is Jackson Singleton on for Casey Hare. I was wondering if you could just provide some more color into recent credit trends and maybe help us kind of understand what factors drove the increase in the provision guide year over year.

Yeah, we did experience modest link order increase in special mention loans, which, as we noted in the comments, was tied exclusively to a handful of multifamily properties that are experiencing net operating income pressure, just given required rental concessions to maintain target occupancy levels. These are extremely high-quality sponsors that are in historically strong taxes markets, which we think over time are going to benefit from the limited new supply and increased level of absorption. I would say, importantly, the ratio of criticized loans to LHI as we exited the year marked the best level since 2021 with really strong credit metrics generally across all categories. We've had a 35 to 40 basis point guide two years ago, moved it to 30 to 35 basis points this year, came in obviously at the low end of the guide and We're certainly a group that wants to operate from a position of financial resilience, so felt it prudent to move to 35 to 40, again, consistent with things we've done in the recent past.

Got it. Okay. Thank you for that. And then just for my follow-up, just a NIM question, can you help us think about the drivers for 1Q and then maybe any sort of range you could help for our modeling? Okay.

Yeah, I think 250 to 255 for one Q on NII, flattish margin, so somewhere in the mid threes. That's with one month average SOFR down about 27 basis points. If you think about the mortgage finance business in Q1, stay at the 85% self-funding ratio on $4.8 billion average balance. Again, with 27 basis point reduction and average one month, so for quarter over quarter, that should push the yield on the mortgage finance business down to 385 or 390 or so. So those are probably the factors that I would incorporate. The other comment that I'd make is we're at 67% through cycle beta inclusive of the December cut. Once all those pricing actions are past the deposit base, you're somewhere in the low 70s, probably by the end of January. For the full-year outlook, we've been pretty consistent in noting our expectation that interest-bearing deposit betas were going to moderate. So, any incremental cuts in 26, the guide would incorporate a 60% interest-bearing deposit beta, which is obviously also what we now have in our earnings at risk down 100 scenarios.

Got it. Okay, great.

Thanks for taking my questions. You bet.

Thank you. Our next question is from Anthony Eileen from JP Morgan. Your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hey, Matt. On mortgage finance, I'm curious what specifically drove the sequential increase in 4Q average balances. Was there any pickup and refi activity in that business?

Rates were lower than we had incorporated in the outlook, which did drive a pickup in aggregate originations inclusive of refi. Then you had slightly longer dwell times as well, Tony, which supported those average balances.

Okay. And then my follow-up on credit, can you give us more color on what drove the increase in special mention? I know you called out the multifamily credits, but why did this surface now, and when do you expect some sort of resolution on those credits? Thank you.

Yeah, you bet. So it's $100 million. We have $250 million, excuse me, of special mission commercial real estate on a $5.5 billion portfolio that we've experienced, I want to say, $5 million of charge-offs on in the last 36 months. So we like to be proactive in communicating with you guys any potential downgrades or realized downgrades. And as I noted in the previous question, simply a handful of Central Texas-based multifamily properties where you had significant new products come online. that the market is working to absorb. Many of these properties offer rental concessions to bring folks into the apartment complex and they had to sustain those for another year longer than they originally anticipated. We grade based on cashflow, Tony, not appraised value, which is why we sometimes have more sensitivity and downgrades than Pierce. So that rental concession is pressuring their net operating income and resulted in us moving it to special mention. We feel very well reserved against these properties. They're clients that we do a lot of business with, well-structured with significant equity. There's no, in our view, pending waive. So if you look further upstream in the credit scales or the credit grades, the watch list was essentially flat. So there's nothing sitting behind this other than these properties that we've identified.

I would say just to say, I think Matt, three years ago, was ahead of all the bank peers pointing out that we were going to have a small wave of provision increase of commercial real estate for a number of factors, but we did not anticipate any real credit problems, and we had worked through them, and that's exactly what happened, and I think this is very akin to that. Just to add to what Matt said, I mean, we're in the top decile of firms since we started in reserves added, and we're at an all-time high of reserves in the history of the firm at 1.82% excluding mortgage finance. So, it's just, I think the percentages are high because the numbers are so small.

Great. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Janet Lee from TD Cohen. The line is now open, Janet. Please go ahead. Good morning.

for to qualify on them so the 330 range for first quarter of 26 um if i were to think about the direction of travel for nym beyond that point can you sustain flattish nym from there given i mean despite rates coming down given a potential improvement in self mortgage self-funding ratio i guess that would looks like you know, considering your 265 to 290 million fee income range for 26, your NII could be, you know, very low single-digit growth to almost mid-single-digit growth there, depending on where that lands and wanted to get some color.

Yeah, I think given pretty good detail on expectations for deposit repricing, self-funding, The only component of the liability base we haven't described is expectations for commercial non-interest bearing, which we continue to experience and anticipate record new client acquisition with a lot of those economics showing up in treasury product fees, which we've grown over 20% for multiple quarters now and delivered north of 10% growth in P times V for the last five years. We think about their contribution to overall deposit balance portfolio mix to stay around that 13% level, Janet. So obviously deposits are going to grow, commercial NIB will grow, but their percentages stay relatively static, giving some good, hopefully some good insights into how we think about the loan portfolio. We'll continue to invest cash flows from the securities book. We added about $1.1 billion of securities last year at 5.5%, sold almost $300 million at 3%. It's a nice sequential picture of 80 base points of improvement, and the securities portfolio yields a nice sequential impact to margin there. The hedge book today should cost us about $10 million pre-tax and I.I. In 2026, we are a little higher than we traditionally wanted to operate on earnings at risk and a down 100. You will see us selectively add to the swap book moving through 2026. We're much more active. The spread obviously changes depending on the curve, but we're much more active today when we see the negative spread between two-year and one-month SOFR inside of 30 basis points, which as of yesterday we were sitting there, so you'll see it's had some swaps. I think all that together should give you a pretty good sense for how we're thinking about margin moving into 2026. And then just to reiterate, perhaps counterintuitively, all the work that we've done as a firm is to reduce our reliance on Morgin NII as a sole contributor to earnings is perhaps again counter-intuitively actually really supporting NII and Morgin because we're relevant to these clients across a wide range of products and services that are generally less price sensitive. And then just the final comment there, Janet, I mean, we've shown an ability to deliver increasing net interest income, revenue, and PPNR in a wide range of interest rate environments. including delivering 14% increase in NII, 13% increase in revenue, and 32% increase in PPNR, with rates on average down 100 basis points this year relative to last year.

Thank you.

I appreciate all the details.

The only thing I'd like to reiterate is what Matt said at the end, that I think it's – I just want to make sure everybody got it. I think it's a key component to the strategy. The clients are less price-sensitive. on rate when you're adding value in a lot of different ways and you're relevant to your client with quality client coverage and proactive ideas and execution on other fronts. You become much less price-oriented on deposits. So I just want to make sure, like, I think all the lines of business are contributing to that improvement in them.

Got it. And just one follow-up for me, appreciate the comments around commercial real estate payoffs and balances coming down 10% year over year. That commentary seems somewhat different from most of the banks that are beginning to see CRE balances inflecting or stabilizing. Is this just a function of your appetite to not grow CRE, originate CRE loans as much, or your CRE is more tilted towards construction? What is the underlying factor there?

Honestly, Jan, we're somewhat perplexed by that industry trend. I mean, volumes have been at historic lows for multiple years. There's a lot of capital in the space and by the space being financial services where folks are looking to deploy into loan growth as a primary way to drive earnings. That obviously is going to push down spread on high quality transactions, which is a shop that's really focused on through cycle return equity with the right clients. We have no desire to go chase lower spread. So our view is that it's just going to take a couple of years for the market to chew through the supply that's coming online. and ultimately to correct and see new originations maybe in 27, 28. We do not anticipate growth in commercial real estate this year. Again, not a byproduct of us devoting less focus, intensity, or resource into the space, but mostly just because of the market dynamic where there's just not too proud of coming online.

I also think it's an indicator of a very healthy commercial real estate portfolio with regularly scheduled payoffs.

Got it. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Matt Olney from Stevens. Matt, your line is now open. Please go ahead.

Hey, thanks. Good morning. Question for Rob. Since you achieved and exceeded those legacy ROAA targets, the back half of 2025, I heard you mention the focus now becomes recognizing the full potential of the recent investments, so would love to appreciate what this full potential at full scale looks like as far as the operating metrics at the bank longer term?

Thanks. Hey, Matt. Great question. Obviously, we're not going to give multiyear guidance. I'll tell you that the platform is the synergy of the platform, the talent we've been able to recruit, the talent we've been able to maintain, the pipelines, the platforms even working in a better coordinated synergistic way than even I could have hoped for, supported by a really good investment in historical technology, improved operating efficiency, improved operating risk and controls, which I, you know, and we talked about the credit portfolio and the discernment there. I feel really, really good about the future, and we're very optimistic. Look, we've got a lot to do. What I would say is the theme of this year is execute and scale. We've just got to execute. We've got all the products and services we need. We've got the majority of the banker roles filled that we need. We just need to execute. There is so much investment that hasn't reached scale on the platform that if we could be at these profitability levels, With that investment already in the platform, which is proven will work with record client acquisition every year, we just got to execute and scale. That's it. Which really de-risks, totally de-risks the investment thesis.

Okay. Appreciate the color, Rob. And then as a follow-up, Going back to the capital discussion, we've already talked about the buyback and the enhanced credit structure. It does look like on capital, you have a few instruments that either mature or becomes callable here pretty quickly. So we'd love to get your preliminary thoughts around these instruments and any plans you may have as far as some of these debt instruments. Thanks.

Thanks, Matt. We've got a ton of optionality in the capital base. and we'll look to behave accordingly in Q1 when some of these instruments become callable.

Okay. Appreciate it. Thanks.

Thanks, Matt.

Thank you. Our next question comes from John Ostrom from RBC. Your line is now open, John. Please go ahead.

Thanks. Good morning. Good morning, John. Hey, Rob, just to follow up on Olney's question. you use the term subscale on some of your businesses. What are the top few areas where you feel like you're the most subscale, where you've already made the investments? Where are the opportunities?

Sales and trading, equity, public finance, treasury. I don't think any of our businesses are at scale yet. Like, not one. I mean, business banking is not at scale. So... You know, this is just the premises of what this firm can do. Matt's going to get mad at me when we hang up because he's going to say I was too optimistic. But there's literally not a business approaching scale. You know, we've done our first lead-left equity deal. We have one of the best equity teams on this platform if you look at their historical body of work. Our public finance team, I'm super proud of. Our sales and trading. I'm going to get in trouble also because I didn't name everybody. I don't. I don't know of a sub-business on the platform that's at scale, which I think is great. And then we've proven to be – we're really improving our operating risk, and we're really improving our ability to syndicate risk, you know, being number two in the country. We're not – we don't need to – we're in the risk business, but we don't need to take risks and hit returns like a lot of pure banks need to do.

Okay, to turn the heat up on that a little bit. That's okay. The other thing I wanted to ask about, it's kind of related, but you guys have this relationship management return hurdle exercise. And I know it's been around for a while, but as the business has evolved, and we just said things are immature, but as the business has matured, how has that evolved in And how has that allowed you to maybe keep clients around with less of an ask than maybe you did two or three years ago?

Thank you, John. I think it's evolved to being from an exercise to being part of our culture. So when we commit capital for a client, it's the relationship management exercise you talk about as a balance sheet committee. The heads of the LOBs are on that. The head of risk are on that. Matt attends it a lot. Remember, every LOB is fighting for the same amount of finite capital. And so if they're going to vote to deploy that capital, then it's good for the firm and we have the right current ROE for loan only, but also for the relationship as a whole, both in a downgrade scenario of the credit. And when you do that, you have other lines of business signing up to support that client. So over 90% of the loans we've done since we started have other lines of other business tied to it when we onboarded. Treasury is probably the most, about 90%. But you have private wealth signing up through business with them or private banking. And then if you have a bank or leave or something, which every bank does, people retire, what have you, you have like four or five touch points with that client. So the client's been institutionalized. It's not a banker relationship. It's an institutional relationship, which I think makes the client much more valuable in the current state and a go-forward state to the firm. And we're bringing more value to the client, so it's a win-win. Okay. Thank you very much, Chris. Thank you.

Thank you. We currently have no further questions, and I would like to hand back to Rob Holmes for any closing remarks.

I just want to thank all the employees of Texas Capitol for another very solid quarter. I look forward to a great 26. Thanks, everyone.

Thank you. This now concludes today's call. Thank you all for joining. You may now disconnect your lines.