Armada Hoffler Properties, Inc.

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Armada Hossler fourth quarter 2022 earnings conference call. At this time, all lines are in listen-only mode. Following the presentation, we will conduct a question and answer session. If at any time during this call you require immediate assistance, please press star zero for the operator. This call is being recorded today. Tuesday, February the 14th, 2023. I would now like to turn the conference over to Chelsea Forrest, Director of Corporate Communications and Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Good morning, and thank you for joining Armada Hoffler's fourth quarter and full year 2022 earnings conference call and webcast. On the call this morning, in addition to myself, is Lou Haddad, CEO of Matthew Barnes-Smith, CFO, and Sean Tibbetts, COO. The press release announcing our fourth quarter earnings, along with our earnings guidance and supplemental package, were distributed this morning. A replay of this call will be available shortly after the conclusion of the call through March 14, 2023. The numbers to access the replay are provided in the earnings press release. For those who listened to the rebroadcast of this presentation, we remind you that the remarks made herein are as of today, February 14th, 2023, and will not be updated subsequent to this initial earnings call. During this call, we may make forward-looking statements, including statements related to the future performance of our portfolio, our development pipeline, the impact of acquisitions and dispositions, our mezzanine program, our construction business, our liquidity position, our portfolio performance and financing activities, as well as comments on our guidance and outlook. Listeners are cautioned that any forward-looking statements are based upon management's beliefs, assumptions, and expectations, taking into account information that is currently available. These beliefs, assumptions, and expectations may change as a result of possible events or factors, not all of which are known and many which are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control. These risks and uncertainties can cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations, and we advise listeners to review the forward-looking statement disclosure and our press release that we distributed this morning and the risk factors disclosed in the documents we have filed with or furnished to the SEC. We will also discuss non-GAAP financial measures, including but not limited to FFO and normalized FFO. Definitions of these non-GAAP measures, as well as reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP measures, are included in the quarterly supplemental package, which is available on our website at armadahoffler.com. Lou will start the call today by discussing our 2023 guidance. At this time, I'd like to draw your attention to our 2023 guidance presentation made available on our website. I'll now turn the call over to Lou.

Thanks, Chelsea. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. In addition to analysts and investors, there are many of the Armada Hoffler family and joint venture partners on the call. On behalf of our founder and chairman, Dan Hoffler, the board of directors, and executive management, we sincerely thank you for being a part of our team. Through your hard work, dedication, and expertise, we have brought about an accomplishment that I previously thought would only be attained a few more years in the future. The investment-grade credit rating assigned to us by DBRS Morningstar represents an achievement many years in the making. We believe this rating to be a validation of our diversified business model, Class A portfolio, multi-decade track record, and responsible fiscal management. This solid BBB designation gives us access to additional capital sources and investors that only transact with investment-grade companies. I encourage all who follow our company to read the rating report, which can be found on the DBRS Morningstar website. It gives a thorough and unbiased assessment of Armada Hoffler. As you have probably already seen, this morning we released record earnings for the fourth quarter. The 35 cents of normalized FFO per share far exceeds previous guidance. The primary drivers of this quarter's outperformance were increased NOI from office properties, robust same-store NOI, and the early payoff of a preferred equity asset, which triggered a minimum interest payment. This completes a full year that saw us grow earnings per share by 13% over 2021. The company is obviously firing on all cylinders. Today, I will focus my comments on our 2023 guidance presentation, which was released this morning and can be found on our investor relations website. Later in the call, Matt will give further details on the quarter and our financial metrics. Sean will wrap up our prepared remarks with comments on the current status of ongoing operations and the development pipeline, as well as portfolio highlights. Turning to page three of our guidance package. You'll see that we are forecasting a substantial increase in property NOI resulting from organic growth in our same store portfolio, the lease up and stabilization of recently delivered development projects, and anticipated acquisitions. We also anticipate another record year in construction as we continue to work through over $600 million in third party contracts over the next couple of years. This year, we'll realize the impact of the good work Matt and our finance team have done to further move the balance sheet towards more unsecured longer term fixed rate debt and our planned reduction of the mezzanine program. All these factors combined to result in a healthy 2.5% increase in bottom line per share earnings. Regarding our target of $100 to $200 million of acquisitions, We have identified a few potential off-market accretive opportunities with a possible component of OP unit equity. All told, we are pleased to continue the upward trajectory of our earnings in anticipation of further growth as our development projects deliver and stabilize. Turning to page four, you'll see an illustration of this trajectory. This chart shows that the company has been a model of consistency coming out of the pandemic, and that we expect that steady growth to continue for the foreseeable future. As the portfolio income continues to climb, you see that mezzanine income decreases as we eventually stabilize the program at the $80 million level that we established as a target some time ago. Construction fee income is expected to eventually return to the historical range of $4 to $7 million after a few years of elevated profits. Please note the continuous rise in portfolio NOI, despite the disposition of over $300 million of non-core assets over the last year or so. Turning to page five, the table at the top reiterates the expected dramatic increase in NOI, and the pie charts illustrate the various sectors in our property portfolio. While all sectors will continue to grow on an absolute basis, we expect to continue rebalancing the portfolio. We project that retail will continue to be our largest sector, but less of the total on a percentage basis. Multifamily will grow the fastest simply by virtue of developments in the pipeline and a full year of the newly stabilized apartment communities. We expect the office percentage to remain relatively stable with the addition of the office portion of Southern Post as well as new tenants coming online in our existing portfolio. Our current forecast contemplates exiting the T. Rowe Price joint venture upon completion. Page six summarizes the consistent and sustained growth our team has already achieved and the future growth that we expect to deliver this year. Whether it's NOI, EBITDA, or normalized FFO, Each of these important financial measures has incrementally increased and is projected to grow over the three-year period measured here. Perhaps as important, we have every reason to believe that this chart, inclusive of the dividend rate, will continue the trend after we add 2024 to the data. The underlying fundamentals of our portfolio, occupancy, renewal spreads, weighted average lease terms, tenant diversification and credit quality are stronger than ever, producing healthy NOI growth in each of our asset classes and record bottom line per share earnings. We understand this runs against the drumbeat of news in some real estate sectors, especially office, particularly if your focus is on gateway markets. On the contrary, we are seeing record demand and consequently have the ability to drive rental rates across our properties and submarkets. Given the economic history of resilience this portfolio has demonstrated, we see no reason for this to change. The biggest challenge we are facing in accommodating tenant demand and expansion in a portfolio at capacity. In short, to group us together with the office REITs facing major structural issues, is to ignore the strength, quality, and performance of our office properties. And even more importantly, this inaccurate characterization would overlook the other 70% of our portfolio and fee income sources, all of which are operating at record levels of profitability. And now over to Matt.

Good morning, and thank you, Lou. What a year. I'm extremely proud to be part of the Imada-Hoffler team that continues to outperform all expectations. As Lou indicated, for the final quarter of 2022, we reported FFO of 33 cents per diluted share and normalized FFO of 35 cents per diluted share. For the fourth consecutive quarter, we produced a robust set of operating metrics across our portfolio, achieving exactly what we committed to our shareholders. For the full 2022 fiscal year, we achieved FFO of $1.21 per diluted share and normalized FFO of $1.22 per diluted share, outperforming our original guidance by 8% and outperforming our pre-pandemic earnings high with materially less reliance on fee income. Sean will discuss our preferred equity and fee income strategy later on the call, reporting on our operational performance and providing additional insight. Last quarter, I spoke at length regarding our balance sheet transformation towards long term, fixed rate, unsecured debt, and I'm pleased to report that we've made strong progress over the last few months, continuing to execute our fiscal strategy. As you have seen in the press release from early December, partnering with one of our preferred lenders, we closed on a $100 million unsecured term load, mirroring the terms and conditions of our primary credit facility. This SOFA Plus 130 basis point load was immediately swapped at an all-in rate of 4.8%, and we utilized the funds to pay off secured debt. The term line facility has another $100 million accordion feature that we will look to utilize this year to convert our remaining secured construction debt once the applicable projects from our development pipeline have reached stabilization. Taking advantage of the favorable derivatives market in early December, we also executed another swap for the notional amount of $100 million at the all-in rate of 4.73%. This swap was placed on the term loan funds that we recast back in August, replacing the $100 million cap that expired earlier this month. As we transition the balance sheet, we'll endeavor to maintain our variable rate debt is 100% hedged. For the fourth quarter of 2022, the ratio of our stabilized portfolio debt to stabilized portfolio adjusted EBITDA remained consistent at 5.3 times. Our stabilized leverage range between 5 to 5.5 times is a result of the continued implementation of our overarching financing plan, deploying our capital in the most optimized ways. As Lou noted earlier, that financing approach as part of our overarching diversified business strategy was rewarded this month with a triple B credit rating, providing broader access to capital markets at a lower cost of funds and the opportunity to further our balance sheet transformation. The team worked exceptionally hard over the last year to ensure that we were well positioned for this rating and I'd like to take this opportunity to thank everybody at Amada Hofla who was involved. BBRS Morningstar identified a number of strengths supporting our investment grade rating, including our market-leading positions in the Mid-Atlantic and trophy assets in Baltimore, a high degree of diversification across asset classes within our commercial tenant base that mitigates exposure to cash flow volatility, and our historical EBITDA interest coverage that has been strong for several years. Whilst we're in no hurry to enter the private placement market, we will monitor market conditions and look to transact when the environment is favorable. In the fourth quarter, our weighted average cost of debt remained low at 3.6%, illustrating the success in maintaining that our debt is 100% fixed or hedged and reducing the risk of uncertainty in this rising interest rate economic cycle. Assuming the forward yield curve stays reasonably consistent with the current projection, our expectation is that our weighted average cost of debt will be below 4% for 2023 and 2024. As mentioned last quarter, we refinanced the Gainesville apartments with a $30 million loan priced significantly below the construction note. This means that we do not have any debt maturities in 2023, and a small amount of secured debt maturing in 2024 will be paid off at maturity. As you can tell, the execution of the balance sheet transformation is going exceptionally well. We have strong leverage metrics, competitive with our peers, a low cost of debt, and no maturities in the next two years. That coupled with maintaining our strong liquid position means we are intentionally structured for our investment team's opportunistic acquisitions, as Lou mentioned in our guidance slides, ready to support our projected business growth well into the next 24 months. I will now pass over to Sean for some operational highlights.

Thank you, Matt. As Lou indicated, the company's 2022 performance was the strongest across the board from a KPI standpoint in its 43-year history. That said, we are now focused on 2023 targets, and the teams at Armada Hoplar remain hyper-focused on execution and operational excellence to ensure that the positive trend continues and that value creation remains top of mind. We believe that best-in-class execution throughout the portfolio, safe and reliable construction services, combined with seamless execution of high-quality development projects, will continue to create sustained shareholder value for years to come. Please refer to the supplemental package to review our operating portfolio highlights. I would like to call out a few of the noteworthy operational metrics. 2022 full year same store NOI for the portfolio was 5.6% on a GAAP basis and 6.7% on a cash basis, with multifamily coming in at 10.2% on a cash basis. Full year 2022 releasing spreads on the commercial portfolio were positive 8.4% on a GAAP basis and 2.9% on a cash basis. As you can see from the performance, our asset management team is extremely diligent in execution of our operations. Our team remains intimate with the overall performance of these assets, as well as the property management teams that act as an extension of our management. This focused approach enables our team to not only react to trends and issues at the asset level, but also to forecast and prevent issues that would otherwise affect NOI at the properties. One example of this diligence is the continued refinement of our post-COVID era commercial tenant watch list. This process is a useful indicator focused on our tenants who are or who may be potentially at risk due to various economic factors in the markets. Two of the higher profile tenants inhabiting the watch list are Bed Bath & Beyond and Regal Cinemas. Bed Bath & Beyond has been a focal point given recent financial challenges. However, neither of the two stores in our portfolio are targeted for closure. As a result of the strength of the stores in our portfolio, we have elected not to reserve against them at this time. Following recent news on Bed Bath & Beyond, the Patterson location in Durham, North Carolina, has received an unsolicited inquiry from a popular credit tenant who would like to fill the space should it be vacated. In our Virginia Beach location, the store is a strong performer amongst its peers. That said, we hope the space becomes available in order to take advantage of our long contemplated redevelopment plans by adding apartment units at Town Center. We also have two Regal Cinema locations within the portfolio. The Harrisonburg location is a strong performer However, it sits on approximately 10 acres and represents a prime redevelopment opportunity. In Virginia Beach, the Regal Cinema is adjacent to the aforementioned Bed, Bath, and Beyond site and is ideal for redevelopment into a multifamily community at Town Center. We are not concerned about any other properties on the watch list given the strength of their locations. In terms of office, we remain highly leased at 96.7% with a high quality roster of tenants. As DBRS Morningstar recently stated, the office occupancy rate continues to remain stable in the high 90% range, and the company is facing issues with tenant expansion requests given the lack of available space. We are working with one high credit tenant, that we expect to take space at some point in 2023. This will result in yet another high-quality global firm located at Town Center in Virginia Beach. Our residential portfolio continues to thrive. We are now seeing rent growth moderate to a single-digit pace, as we had previously forecasted and underwritten. As a result of our conservative approach, our well-positioned in terms of portfolio rent growth and yields for multifamily units currently in the development pipeline. Our portfolio is resilient and its diverse makeup continues to provide stability and predictability in the company's overall performance. The diversity can be characterized in a couple of ways. First, we have robust diversity in property type, which is certainly beneficial over time. Secondly, as DBRS Morningstar states, the asset quality of our multifamily portfolio and the quality and diversification of our commercial tenant base support a high degree of credit rating. Additionally, and more likely the case during times where market conditions increase competition, our mixed-use assets outperform the competitive set. These competitive advantages give us the ability to remain the beneficiary of the flight to quality and maintain steady earnings growth over time. Our construction and development projects are progressing according to schedule, as we approach the spring months. We have significant value creation underway, and most importantly, the projects are being executed in a manner that is consistent with the underwriting. As we reported last quarter, our Gainesville project leased up in record time and is now operating in a stabilized state. We couldn't be happier with the performance of the asset developed in conjunction with our partners at Terwilliger Pappas. Our Chronicle Mill asset in Belmont, North Carolina continues to outperform expectations, both in the form of rents and lease up schedule. This unique rehabilitation project has been a resounding success and was over 93% leased at the end of quarter four, 2022, with construction being materially complete on the site. A highly anticipated Southern Post asset in Roswell, Georgia is proceeding as planned. The mixed-use project will become the trophy asset in this submarket with high barriers to entry. Construction on T. Rowe Price's global headquarters is well underway, on schedule, and proceeding as planned. This project is unique as it is situated next to our Wills Wharf asset and adjacent to our Constellation asset. We are best positioned to construct and develop this project given our understanding and familiarity with the Harbor Point market and deep experience constructing a significant portion of the waterfront in Baltimore. We are excited as this building is coming to fruition. This build to suit project is expected to achieve initial occupancy and simultaneous stabilization in the third quarter of 2024. Next door, Construction of the Allied Apartments at Harbor Point is also well underway. We are bullish on this project, given our knowledge of the apartment submarket and its location adjacent to our Trophy 1405 Point Street multifamily asset. This project is on schedule and, like T. Rowe Price, is also expected to be ready for initial occupancy in the third quarter of 2024. Our partners at Terwilliger Pathis repaid the entire SOLUS next in loan balance on the last day of 2022, resulting in a 30% return on investment in less than two years. This is a great example of the types of preferred equity investments we look for. Multifamily apartment projects and growing markets in the Southeast had a manageable investment size with priority in the equity stack Significant spread over basis, all of which virtually assures our return and creates a true lower risk, higher return opportunity. Solis City Park in Charlotte and Gainesville II in Gainesville, Georgia are also preferred equity arrangements with Terwilliger Pappas. Both projects are well underway with initial occupancy expected in the third quarter of 2023 and the second quarter of 2024, respectively. As with the rest of our preferred equity portfolio, we would love to own one of these assets if the opportunity arises. The interlock, developed by our partners at S.J. Collins, continues to perform well at 90% occupancy. The mixed-use asset, located at Main & Main in West Midtown Atlanta, is expected to trade for a healthy profit. As Lou mentioned earlier in the call, we intend to strategically acquire accretive assets in 2023. The interlock is certainly a potential candidate. We are closely managing the fee income portion of our business, both in construction and preferred equity. From a construction perspective, our income has increased temporarily given the incredible opportunity to construct, in partnership with T. Rowe Price, their global headquarters. The experience of our management team combined with the focus on shareholder value creation is a key element driving the success at Armada Hoffler. These congruent objectives are embedded as a result of the significant ownership stake held by our management team. This alignment ultimately results in mutual interest with our shareholder base and are therefore appropriately guided in every one of our business decisions. The Armada Hoffler team continues to exceed expectations. Especially, as Lou mentioned, outperforming the guidance during each quarter of this past year. I would like to say thank you to our incredible team members throughout the organization for performing at the highest levels. We look forward to an increasingly successful year in 2023. I will now turn the call back over to the operator for questions.

Thank you, sir. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now begin the question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If your question has been answered and you would like to withdraw from the queue, please press star followed by the number two. And if you are using a speakerphone, please lift the handset before entering any keys. Please stand by for your first question. Your first question comes from Dave Rogers of Baird. Please go ahead.

Yeah, good morning, everybody, and congratulations on the debt rating. I know you've been working on that for a while. Maybe start with Lou and Sean with respect to the acquisition pipeline and the OP units you'd want to use. A couple thoughts there or questions. First, can you give us a little bit more detail maybe on what you're seeing? Is this more distress out of the private side, more traditional relationships that you had? Would that number that you gave include interlock? And maybe the third question on that would just be, as you think about kind of deploying the equity there, is there another source of capital, either assumed debt or some other point that would kind of fill in the blank for us?

Thanks, Dave, and good morning. so as i mentioned in and previously in the call we've identified a few opportunities that basically are from come from long-term relationships uh folks that that own properties that we'd be very interested in acquiring again off market at the right number with the opportunity to to increase noi um as sean mentioned uh the interlock is a possibility as i've said on for several quarters if there is an opportunity to to transact on that at a discount, that would be one. There are a few others. Obviously, we don't want to go too far into particular names there. But it's the sort of thing that you've seen us do time and time again over the years, using OP unit prices at premium levels for properties that would be immediately accretive. We put that wide range in there because we're not sure who's actually going to meet our criteria. As far as methods of financing, as Matt mentioned, we're at or near an all-time high on liquidity. We're also looking to deploy OP units. And obviously, there could be some construction debt as well as the private placement market when the time is right.

Anything else there, Dave? Hello?

My apologies, our last caller has been removed from the queue. Your next question will come from Peter Abramovitz of Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Yes, thank you. I just wanted to ask, in terms of the growth trajectory for 23 that's implied in the guidance, could you give a little bit more detail on what's kind of assumed in terms of same-store growth? I would imagine it It's probably flat or negative on Office, given the move out, but positive elsewhere. But just any more color you could give her on that.

Good morning, Peter. And I'm not sure where you're picking up the negative. Our projection is that Office will continue to be positive on the same store basis. I'm not sure. There's a move out, but there's already a move in beyond that, as well as significant growth across the sector. So bottom line is all sectors are forecasted to be positive and same-store growth. We think that, as Sean mentioned, multifamily is going to moderate into the low single digits. It's historical range. Retail is going to continue to outperform, as will office. And then the biggest part of that NOI growth is a full year of the two newly stabilized apartment properties that we brought online last year. And lastly, the stabilization of Will's Wharf, which, again, will have a full year this time around.

Okay, got it. And what's the timing of the leases that you have in place to backfill the JHU Medicine move out?

Morgan Stanley? Yeah, that's being backfilled by Morgan Stanley, and I think it doesn't come online until the first of the year. We can get that answer for you. Do you have that, Sean?

Yeah, rent commencement is the beginning of 25, so January 25. And we'll get you a little more detail on that. But yeah, the rent commencement date is 1-1-2-5, so that coincides well with the JHU expiration.

I think where you're headed, Pete, is there's a gap there, but it's totally washed over by the increase in NOI from the other tenants moving in as well as the rest of the office portfolio.

Okay. Makes sense. And then just in general, can you talk about sort of the private real estate markets? Any signs of things kind of thawing out there and convergence and more activity between buyer and seller expectations as well as the financing side?

Yeah, I think in terms of acquisitions and dispositions and the like, I think people are still searching for what true cap rates are. We don't think that's really going to settle out until later in the year, hopefully. So price discovery is an issue That's why, frankly, we're not interested in looking at anything that's out on the market, but are hoping to transact privately with some close relationships that we already have. In terms of financing, I think everybody is of the same mind. Banks are a bit more cautious about deploying capital across all property types. Our long-time partners in the multifamily side are seeing that construction loans are now angling towards only 50%, where, as everybody knows, a few short years ago, we were talking 75% and 80%. So obviously the need for equity is more than ever. And we're getting many more opportunities than we possibly can transact on. So we're basically in a position to cherry-pick the right assets with potential ownership, either on a mezzanine, preferred equity, or ground-up basis.

Got it. That's all from me. Thank you.

Your next question comes from Rob Stevenson of Jannie. Please go ahead.

Good morning, guys. Lou, I think in your comments, you indicated that you expected to exit the T-Row Pride JV upon completion. Is that a 2025 transaction for you guys?

Well, the property, they'll be occupying in the third quarter of 2024. So we have to look at market conditions, whether that's going to be a day one disposition or a hold until early 2025. And of course, you've got a significant marketing effort as well. Rob, we just want to make sure it's clear. That's our current thinking. We love the venture. We love the building. Obviously, we're going to own everything around it. We're just a little concerned about concentration as well as we'd love to get that capital back and redeploy it. Again, assuming that cap rates settle out where a trophy building can transact at a reasonable level.

Okay. And then I think you and Sean both talked a little bit about redevelopment. Can you talk about what the sort of near-term redevelopment plans are, especially in the portfolio, especially if you don't get the Bed Bath or the Regal stuff back in the near term? Where else is there opportunities for you guys? And when are those type of – when's the timeframe for start and or completion of the opportunities that you have in the portfolio today? Okay.

Thanks, Dave. I'll let Shawn answer it more specifically. But as far as redevelopment, those are the only properties that we have that we'd be looking to take down and change uses. And we're frankly anxious to kind of sitting in the cat's world seat. We're collecting a ton of rent right now. But at the same time, long term, we'd love to see multifamily in both of those locations.

with regard to ground up development sean anyone who uh you're looking at an awful lot of stuff sure yeah i think there's no shortage of opportunities out there as you would imagine um and so we're seeing a lot of deal flow to lose point back on the redevelopment we're we are happy to collect rent and watch construction prices um you know kind of stabilize or come down that helps obviously the yield and helps our business case in terms of ground up development here in town center we have as you know Rob, an opportunity for a site here should the opportunity arise to develop a mixed-use building. We've been calling that block two. In Baltimore as well, we have the opportunity to, if we want, to elect to build more multifamily units subsequent to the allied units that are there today or being built today. Our partners across the spectrum continue to bring deals. I mean, we looked at three deals last week. in the multifamily space. So we're seeing strong deal flow there. We just, we're sitting, we've been very diligent and discerning about which opportunities to pull the trigger on. So I think, you know, from our perspective, yes, there are redevelopment opportunities, but probably in the shorter term, there are actual ground up development opportunities that make more sense for us, assuming that the rent continues to come in.

Okay. And then Matt, anything of note to the cadence of 23 earnings? I think the guidance averages out to a little over 31 cents a quarter. Is there anything that's going to disrupt that and either push the quarterly progression up or down meaningfully in specific quarters at this point?

Today, good morning, Rob. Today in our guidance, we're the same as you. We've spread it roughly even. There is a potential opportunity for one of our preferred equity deals, like Solus Nexton came early in 2022. Potentially, Solus City Park could be sold and come early in 2023. But we have not put that in the base case of guidance. That would be potentially upside. But yeah, you know, We feel that it will be fairly evenly spread throughout the quarters, and we will see, kind of as Lou and Sean talked about, the potential acquisitions that we've placed in guidance. We'll see what they kind of materialize and the timing on that as we work through the year.

Okay. And the $13 million of MES preferred in the guidance, is that just the three existing investments, or does that contemplate an additional investment or two throughout the year?

That's just the three that are active right now.

Okay, so anything in addition to that on a net basis would push guidance up at that point?

Yes. Well, there is one additional mezzanine preferred equity deal with our preferred partners TP Solus Kennesar that is in the model hopefully that will close in the first quarter of this year to replace the Solus Next and the Transactive Early.

Okay, that's helpful.

Thank you very much.

Your next question comes from Dave Rogers at Baird. Please go ahead.

Hey, sorry about earlier, but thanks for the answer to that first question. Follow-up for me, Lou, on the construction side of the business, added quite a bit of the backlog in the fourth quarter. Curious about just what you're seeing kind of in construction overall, including maybe some cost increases that you're still seeing. But I guess with regard to the backlog, are you just seeing an acceleration of development with this just unique Darmada Hoffler? Really trying to get a sense for the competitive landscape maybe that you're facing as well.

Dave, I think to answer your last question first, I think it's fairly unique to us. We've got these long-term relationships. They're very active right now, and we're the beneficiary of that and will continue to be so for the next couple of years. In terms of pricing, things have moderated. We're still putting escalations in contracts, but not nearly to the extent that we were at this time last year and through the spring. We're not really seeing, and I don't think anybody is expecting, that there's going to be any significant decrease. The commodity prices have come down significantly, but that's been offset largely by labor costs as well as a shortage of high-quality subcontractors.

Okay. Great. Thanks for the follow-up. Thanks.

Your next question comes from Camille Bonnell of Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning, and nice job on the investment grade credit rating. It sounds like from this call you have a number of potential investment opportunities this year. Can you just elaborate a bit more about the plan sources and uses of capital just in the context of your medium-term leverage targets?

Sure. Camille, right now we've got a number of sources of equity, and we're staring at a lot of opportunities to pick up some really good properties on an off-market basis, and like I mentioned before, using the company's stock at a premium price. So we're excited to get that done. Matt's got a lot of arrows in the quiver. Of course, we've now added the private placement market Plus we have the ability to expand our credit line through an accordion feature, as well as liquidity we have on balance sheets. And so we're feeling that with acquisitions, we'll stay in that range that Matt has mentioned. He's going to kick me under the table if I say anything other than that. But we also, lastly, I just want to make sure everybody understands Um, we sold over $300 million of non-core assets last in the last 12 or 14 months. Uh, we still have non-core assets that we can use, uh, if necessary for a ready source of capital. Plus I'd mentioned, uh, the TRO price exit is a potentiality. So, uh, there's a number of different ways we can go, but our expectation is that we're not going to get out of that range that Matt had mentioned. Also important to note is that it is in our guidance that the interlock will transact. Irrespective of who buys it, that $80-some million will not be outstanding come the end of the year is our forecast.

Thank you. Appreciate the call there. And many of my questions have been answered already, so just one follow-up as I wanted to make sure I caught your earlier comments on the same store outlook as you're expecting NOI to increase next year. So are you saying your expectations for Occumency will remain positive or improve in 2023, even factoring for any known move-outs in your office or retail portfolio?

Sure. Well, I understand improvement is relative. We're starting from a base of 98% occupied, so there's not a lot of extra space to lease. As Sean mentioned, we're essentially trying to shoehorn one more tenant into town center here in our office space, a global organization as well. Our expectation is that we're going to stay at or near or slightly above that 98% level in office and retail. We are projecting that multifamily will moderate, again, back to historical norms of being in the mid-90s with single-digit increases as opposed to what we've all seen in the last couple of years.

Okay, thank you.

Your next question comes from Chris Sakai. of Singular Research. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning. Can you talk about the main drivers for the normalized funds from operations growth and guidance?

Yeah, I think if you look at the guidance package, the main drivers are really twofold, on page three of the guidance deck. Portfolio NOI is the biggest increase, and that, again, is basically two factors, one being same-store sales being up across the board in each of our sectors, as well as a full year of newly stabilized properties, which obviously on a year-over-year basis gives a pretty significant boost. We're also forecasting a pretty substantial increase in construction income based on that $600 million backlog that we mentioned. I'll take a second to say our guys are doing a phenomenal job. If you can imagine, we basically doubled our historical backlog. We've got a lot of large, complex projects, and they're running full out and doing a great job for us. And lastly, the moderating effect of both of those on the negative, if you will, side is that we're projecting interest income to go down from 2022 levels, as I mentioned, as part of our pre-programmed program to decrease our reliance on that fee income and use more of our capital for our own portfolio. You can put it all together. It's a pretty healthy increase.

Okay. All right. Thanks for that. I suppose this question is for Matt. For 2023, how should we be looking at rental expenses? Should it be roughly the same or increasing from current levels?

Yeah. Good morning, Chris. We believe that our margins on the NOI will be fairly consistent with what we've seen in 2022. So, you know, we will see an uptick in rental expenses, but as NOI is growing, that will be kind of contrary by the increase in rental revenue.

Okay. Thanks for those answers.

Yeah, Chris, it's also worth noting that in the commercial side of the business, a portion of those expenses are also reimbursable or pass-through paid for by our tenants.

Okay, thanks.

Ladies and gentlemen, at this time there are no further questions, so I will turn the conference back to Lou Haddad for any closing remarks.

Thanks for all your time and attention this morning, and we're proud of our results, and I appreciate your interest in the company, and look forward to further announcements coming soon. Thank you.

Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude your conference call for this morning. We would like to thank you all for participating and ask you to please disconnect.