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Operator
Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the AMN Healthcare First Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star 1-1 on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star one one again. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to our speaker, Randall Reese, Senior Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Randall Reese
Good afternoon, everyone.
spk08
Welcome to AMN Healthcare's first quarter 2023 earnings call. A replay of this webcast will be available at ir.amnhealthcare.com following the conclusion of this call. Various remarks we make during this call about future expectations, projections, trends, plans, events, or circumstances constitute forward-looking statements. These statements reflect the company's current beliefs based upon information currently available to it. Our actual results may differ materially from those indicated by these forward-looking statements because of various factors in cautionary statements, including those identified in our most recently filed forms 10-K and 10-Q, our earnings release, and subsequent filings with the SEC. The company does not intend to update guidance or any forward-looking statements provided today prior to its next earnings release. This call contains certain non-GAAP financial information. Information regarding and reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are included in our earnings release and on our financial reports page at ir.amnhealthcare.com. On the call today are Kerry Grace, Chief Executive Officer, Jeff Knudson, Chief Financial Officer, Landry Seedig, Group President and COO of Nursing and Allied Solutions, and James Taylor, President and COO of Physician and Leadership Solutions. I will now turn the call over to Carrie.
Kerry Grace
Thank you, Randy, and welcome, everyone. AMN continued the strong partnership with our clients and clinicians in rebuilding a post-COVID sustainable workforce, which is evident in our solid first quarter results reported today. The industry landscape is changing, and we are moving quickly to bring clients the breadth of our solutions to help them with their workforce challenges and needs. The healthcare workforce landscape was shaken by the pandemic. Clients emerged seeking more sustainable and controllable solutions to achieve their growth targets while balancing quality and cost. We see clients more open to change, looking at new ideas that could help them create a more sustainable workforce. Healthcare professionals are also in transition. focusing on control, flexibility, and well-being in their work, and open to new options to achieve those goals. All of this change is complicated by the continued shortage of healthcare professionals, which we expect to be a challenge for some time. Our latest physician and nurse surveys showed rising numbers of professionals who plan to change jobs or leave the profession. We expected a direction change in the market this year, and we are making decisive moves to operationalize our growth plans, including technology and analytics to enable more comprehensive and sustainable workforce solutions, greater client focus, and enhanced speed and efficiency in bringing all our solutions together to benefit our clients and clinicians. We said last quarter that our solution set would become even more comprehensive and differentiated, and it is happening. In recent weeks, our leadership team came together to develop a 12-month plan to accelerate the evolution of our businesses, starting with Nurse and Allied. We are moving swiftly to the implementation phase with changes that will boost our speed to deliver, provide the unified sales experience our clients desire, and strengthen our value proposition. To drive further engagement with a broader pool of clinicians, we already built AMN Passport into the top-rated and most powerful mobile app for nurse job search and career engagement, enabling our recruiters to grow their clinician base more effectively. AMN Passport is the only app that combines customized job search and engagement, AI job matching, credentialing self-service, and time and pay. We will continue to elevate Passport to be a digital staffing solution for all healthcare job seekers at any stage of their careers across all AMN businesses. To help our clients with workforce management, we rolled out several new features this year with more to ShiftWise, which we believe is the only scalable enterprise VMS platform made for healthcare. We have modernized the architecture of our VMS platforms using advanced cloud services and newer web and mobile technologies, bringing a fresh user-friendly interface. Our data cloud for predictive and advanced analytics is powered by Snowflake and other AI technology partners. We also advanced our capabilities to integrate with our clients' HR systems to drive digital and automation efficiencies. We have a strong history of flexing our cost structure to meet changes in demand. In this current demand environment, we are closely managing our resources while also sustainably scaling our cost base through platform integration and automation across AMN. We believe these efforts, coupled with a favorable revenue mix shift, will sustain an adjusted EBITDA margin above 15% for the full year. Our priorities in capital management remain focused on disciplined growth. This year we plan to spend approximately $90 million on capital expenditures, prioritizing the key technology and operational initiatives I outlined. We are also announcing an accelerated share repurchase program given the long-term growth opportunities we see ahead. Our team remains focused on M&A opportunities as well, and we are confident in our ability to continue to use M&A to strengthen our solution set and enhance shareholder value. Finally, new leadership will bolster our accelerated transformation with three extremely qualified executives reporting directly to me, leading areas that empower our delivery of tech-enabled workforce solutions and our focus on client centricity and growth. Meredith LaPointe is taking a newly created role as Chief Business Officer responsible for strategy, workforce optimization, marketing, and client relations. Meredith is well known for helping build the healthcare practice at McKinsey for the past 16 years. She knows the best workforce strategies being implemented today and is uniquely qualified to foster strategic conversations with executives across the healthcare sector. Meredith was drawn to AMN by our powerful set of workforce solutions and technology, the opportunity to create value in our client partnerships, and the strong values and culture of our organization. Pat McCall is coming to AMN to serve as our Chief Growth Officer. Pat's background as a Senior Strategic Sales Leader with People 2.0, Ronstadt, Beeline, and other top players already brought him recognition as one of the staffing industry's most influential leaders. Pat is the ideal leader to develop and operationalize an enterprise-wide growth acceleration focused around innovative technology and services. Similar to our other two segments, our technology and workforce solutions segment will now have a dedicated leader. This important segment will be led by Nishan Sivathasan, who served most recently as our Chief Strategy and Experience Officer including business strategy and M&A. Meredith, Pat, and Nishan are the leaders we need to accelerate our progress in key client and tech-driven solutions to become essential partners enabling the future of care. Now, I'll turn the call over to Jeff for the details about our results and outlook, after which I will return for some final comments.
Randy
Thank you, Carrie, and good afternoon, everyone. First quarter revenue of $1.126 billion was near the high end of our guidance range with the technology and workforce solutions and physician and leadership solution segments performing above expectations. Consolidated revenue was down 27% from the peak quarter of the pandemic last year and flat sequentially. Gross margin for the quarter was 32.8%. up 80 basis points from the prior year period, mainly due to a mixed shift in revenue toward higher margin businesses. Sequentially, gross margin decreased 50 basis points, primarily driven by the nurse and allied solution segment. Consolidated SG&A expenses were $206 million, or 18.3% of revenue, compared with $258 million, or 16.6% of revenue in the prior year period and 219 million or 19.5% of revenue in the previous quarter. The decrease in SG&A expenses year over year was primarily due to our efforts to adjust expenses in the current demand environment along with less variable compensation with lower revenue. Sequentially, lower credit loss expense Variable expenses and legal expenses were the primary reasons for the decrease. Adjusted SG&A, excluding certain non-recurring expenses and stock-based compensation expense, was $191 million in the first quarter, or 16.9% of revenue, compared with $239 million, or 15.4% of revenue, in the prior year period. The increase in adjusted SG&A margin year-over-year was mainly driven by lower revenue, offset in part by our expense management initiatives. In the first quarter, nurse and allied revenue was $824 million, down 33% from the record high of the prior year period and flat sequentially. Average bill rate was down 22% year-over-year and sequentially was up 3%. Year over year, volume was down 11% and average hours worked were down 3%. Sequentially, both volume and average hours were flat. Travel nurse revenue during the first quarter was $593 million, a decrease of 39% from the prior year period and up 2% versus prior quarter. Allied revenue during the quarter was $196 million, down 8% year over year, and flat with prior quarter. Nurse and allied gross margin during the first quarter was 25.9%, down 30 basis points from the prior year period, and down 70 basis points sequentially. Year over year, gross margin was lower, primarily due to lower average hours worked. Quarter over quarter, higher pay packages and less labor disruption revenue weighed on the margin comparison. Segment operating margin of 13.8% was 210 basis points lower year-over-year due to lower operating leverage. Sequentially, operating margin increased 110 basis points, primarily reflecting lower credit loss expense. Physician and leadership solutions revenue in the first quarter was $166 million, a decrease of 8% year-over-year and 1% sequentially. Locum tenens revenue was $107 million, down 5% from the prior year or growing by 11%, excluding pandemic-related assignments, and up 3% sequentially. Interim leadership revenue of $40 million decreased 9% from the prior year period and was down 11% from prior quarter. Search revenue declined 16% from prior year and was flat sequentially. Interim and search revenue were down from prior year due to lower demand as hospitals focused on expense management. Gross margin for the physician leadership solution segment was 35.2%, up 20 basis points both year over year and sequentially. The slight margin increase year over year was primarily due to improved gross margins for interim and locum tenants, partially offset by mix. Sequentially, margin growth was driven by the interim business. Segment operating margin was 15.1%, which increased 370 basis points year over year, mainly driven by lower SG&A expenses. Sequentially, operating margin decreased 160 basis points, primarily due to favorable prior quarter professional liability and other adjustments. Technology and workforce solutions revenue during the first quarter was $136 million, down 6% year-over-year and up 2% sequentially. Within the segment, language services generated revenue of $62 million, an impressive increase 25% year-over-year and 6% quarter-over-quarter. VMS revenue of $54 million decreased 28% year-over-year and 2% sequentially. Segment gross margin was 71.4%, down 530 basis points from the prior year period and down 190 basis points sequentially. The decrease in gross margin year-over-year primarily attributable to the lower VMS revenue compared with the record high from a year ago. Sequentially, gross margin was lower, driven by a mixed shift to language services. Segment operating margin in the first quarter was 49.3%, a decrease of 510 basis points year-over-year and down 90 basis points sequentially. Consolidated first quarter adjusted EBITDA of $180 million decreased 30% year-over-year and increased 3% sequentially. Adjusted EBITDA margin of 15.9% was 70 basis points lower year-over-year and up 40 basis points sequentially. First quarter net income was $84 million, down 42% year-over-year and up 3% sequentially. First quarter GAAP diluted earnings per share was $2.02 in the quarter. Adjusted earnings per share for the quarter was $2.49 compared to $3.49 in the prior year period and $2.48 in the prior quarter. Days sales outstanding was 55 days in line with the prior quarter and two days lower than prior year. Operating cash flow for the first quarter was $43 million, and capital expenditures were $17 million. As of March 31st, we had cash in equivalents of $29 million, long-term debt of $990 million, including a $140 million draw on a revolving line of credit and a net leverage ratio of 1.3 times to 1. Today, we announced that we intend to enter into a 200 million accelerated share repurchase program in the coming days. Year to date, we have bought back 2.4 million shares of stock for 225 million, excluding broker fees and excise tax on share repurchase. As of today, 427 million was outstanding on the repurchase program authorized by our board of directors. Moving to second quarter 2023 guidance, we project consolidated revenue to be in a range of $970 million to $1 billion, down 30 to 32 percent from the prior year period. Gross margin is projected to be 33.4 to 33.9 percent. Reported SG&A expenses are projected to be 19.1 to 19.6 percent of revenue. Operating margin is expected to be 10.6 to 11.2%, and adjusted EBITDA margin is expected to be 15.4% to 15.9%. Average diluted shares outstanding are projected to be approximately $39 million. Additional second quarter guidance details can be found in today's earnings release. Last quarter, we talked about 2023 returning to a normal seasonal pattern after a greater than seasonal drop in second quarter revenue. The pullback in spending by hospitals intensified in recent months. The level of travel nurse demand in March and April lead us to expect the third quarter to be our lowest revenue quarter of the year. Travel nurse demand improved modestly in each of the past four weeks. We expect to finish 2023 with approximately $4 billion in revenue and an adjusted EBITDA margin of approximately 15.5%. This view assumes modest improvement in demand from current levels. And now, I'd like to hand the call back to Carrie.
Kerry Grace
Thank you, Jeff. Before we move to Q&A, I want to recognize the great work that our healthcare professionals and team members are doing on the job every day. Thank you all for your dedication and your consistent excellence. I also want to give special recognition to our nurses as we celebrate National Nurses Month. Recently, our healthcare leadership solutions team, known under the AMN BE Smith brand, was recognized by Modern Healthcare as the industry leader in executive search. Our congratulations go out to the whole leadership solutions team, which is well-positioned to help clients implement their own change efforts in the fast-moving post-pandemic environment. The foundation of our company is our shared values, which are demonstrated in our second annual ESG report. For AMN, this is not a mere reporting exercise. We demonstrate how responsible governance drives better health and wellness, diversity, equity, equality, and inclusion, and sustainability across AMN and our community. AMN is an industry leader in ESG performance and disclosure, And that's something we are very proud of. Now, operator, please open the call for questions.
Randall Reese
Thank you.
Operator
At this time, we will conduct the question and answer session. As a reminder, to ask a question, you will need to press star 1 1 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 1 1 again. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from Kevin Fishbeck of Bank of America. Your line is now open.
Kevin Fishbeck
Great, thanks. I appreciate the color on the seasonality through the rest of the year. I guess, you know, part of the reason why you were expecting you know, some improvement was because you felt like there was kind of a disconnect, I think, between kind of the orders that were coming in and the fundamental demand that the clinicians were seeing. I mean, do you still feel like that is there? And if so, why is it persisting a little bit longer than you thought?
Kerry Grace
Hey, Kevin, thanks for the question. What I would say overall, and particularly if you look at some of the public comments that CEOs of some of the largest healthcare systems have said over the past two weeks. I think we were all going into this year knowing, and frankly, we are partnering with our clients to reduce spend on a portion of their workforce that had gotten very escalated in the tail end of the pandemic in the first quarter of last year. So that was something we were doing in partnerships. We worked through that in the last half of last year and into the first part of this year. And so we think we've made progress. I think, again, if you hear the public comments that some of those hospital executives will say, as well as what we're seeing with clients, we think it's going to continue to be an area of focus from a management standpoint. But we're now getting to the end of how do we really start thinking about how we build our workforce more sustainably and more holistically to grow.
Kevin Fishbeck
Okay. I guess we're hearing a bit more about customer churn. You mentioned, I guess, a little bit that your customers are looking for new solutions and it sounds like you're trying to respond to that. Do you think or do you expect additional contract losses from this type of evaluation from the customer base or you see this as an opportunity to gain share from where you are? Did you guys assume any closer takes from that dynamic? Thanks.
Kerry Grace
Yeah. Let me kind of step back and talk a little bit about what we're seeing in overall market dynamics because these same dynamics reflect clients who are coming to us as potentially looking for solutions away from us. Overall, clients are really picking their heads up post-pandemic and looking at how they're going to rebuild their workforce for the future. And so, as I mentioned in my opening comments and a minute ago, the focus really had been over the past year about how do we really think about cost management and getting workforce costs into a sustainable level. We're starting to see the and now of how do I really think about building a sustainable workforce for the future? And so we are seeing clients be very open to new ways to do that. And so what this means is we have, you know, probably the biggest pipeline from a depth and robustness standpoint that our team has seen of new opportunities. We've also had clients who have gone to new solutions. And so the things and the themes that clients are looking for are they want transparency, control, and sustainability. There's not one thing that clients are looking for in terms of the change that they want to make. It's very specific to their starting point and the type of control that they potentially want over their workforce and how they're going to build their workforce. The biggest part of our pipeline is MSP, so we're continuing to see a tremendous amount of strength and interest in MSP programs overall. And what I'd say when we think about the evolution of how clients are thinking, if a new client comes onto one of our platforms, typically their incumbent could still be very involved in serving them in the future as a supplier. And the same thing would be true if we had a client where we were one of several MSPs and they were consolidating that we could still serve as a supplier or be part of the solution set. So I would say overall, when we look at our solutions, our scale, our brand reputation, our team, we feel like as clients are looking for sustainable total talent workforce solutions, that type of environment tends to favor us.
Kevin Fishbeck
All right, great. Thanks.
Operator
One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Trevor Romeo of William Blair. Trevor, your line is now open.
William Blair
Hi, good afternoon. Thanks so much for taking the questions. First one for me is, Appreciate the commentary you just provided about Q3 kind of being the lowest revenue quarter of the year. I was wondering, based on the order activity that you're seeing today, if you could kind of parse that out into your expectations for sequential bill rate and volume trends throughout the rest of the year.
Randy
Sure, Trevor. This is Jeff. So, if we just take a step back, I would say that our outlook on balance for physician leadership solutions and for TWS is in line with our prior view. And then within nurse and allied, the nursing business followed the trend line we anticipated, but the industry wide demand ended up lower than we expected. And so that's what now leads us to believe that Q3 will be the lowest revenue quarter of the year for the nurse and allied segment, approximately 10% lower than Q2 and you can think about that pretty evenly split between bill rate and volume. And then we would expect as the winter needs orders roll in into the fourth quarter timeframe that we would see a sequential increase in volume in the fourth quarter within nurse and allied and bill rates would generally be flattish over Q3 levels.
William Blair
Okay, great. That's really helpful. Thanks. And then just for the follow-up, I had a question on kind of boomerang nurses who had left hospitals during the pandemic only to come back to permanent roles. There's an article I saw in the news recently highlighting that dynamic. Just kind of curious to hear what you're seeing and hearing from your clients on that topic, given that the travel markets cooled a bit and, you know, the economic environment might be driving some nurses back to permanent work.
Brian
Yeah, Trevor, this is Landry. So, you know, it's pretty hard to measure whenever these nurses are going from a travel assignment to PERM to float pool to per diem, etc. We, of course, have seen similar reports that you've probably seen where hospital hiring is up a little bit, but the attrition numbers are still pretty high. So still a lot of churn and turnover that we're seeing. Maybe I'll just touch on what we're seeing on our own supply and the interest in working temporary contracts. So that flexibility that travel provides these professionals is still very attractive to them. Our new applicants in the first quarter, they were lower than Q1 of prior year, but a lot of that is because Q1 of prior year was the peak in demand and the peak in bill rates. And then our new applicants, high-need applicants, they have been flat for four consecutive quarters now, and they're well above our 2019 levels. In fact, they're about two times what they were before the pandemic. So that interest is definitely there. And so there's really two pieces to that equation. One is the interest. They really like the flexibility of working contract. And then the second thing is a lot of the investments that we've been making in our pipeline. So our mobile website, AMN Passport, all those are paying off. It's allowing clinicians to be able to find us a lot easier, to be able to apply for us easier and faster. Specific to AMN Passport, you know, it continues to be a success story for us. It is, you know, the number of users that are on the platform continues to grow. It has really, really strong engagement. If you actually went to the app store, you can see that it has a star rating of 4.7 out of 5, so really, really high. And it has over 15,000 reviews, which is well above any other competitive app out in the marketplace.
William Blair
All right. That's great to hear. Thank you very much.
Operator
One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Brian Tanquilis of Jefferies. Your line is now open.
Brian Tanquilis
Hey, good afternoon, guys. Maybe I'll follow up on the last question about Q3. As you think about the business going forward, do you think it's right to think that this is basically the bottom? And I know you said you've seen some inflection or stabilization in the last few weeks on demand. So maybe just curious how you're viewing demand and bill rate trends. as we look into next year?
Randy
Yeah, Brian. So, each of the last four weeks, we have seen travel nurse demand increase slightly, and we would expect that, you know, to continue through the June time period. And so, as we look out, into Q3 and Q4 with the $4 billion of revenue for the full year, that would imply roughly just under $1.9 billion in the back half at just above 15% adjusted EBITDA margins. And we do think annualizing that back half is a good base to think about the business into 24 and beyond.
Brian Tanquilis
Okay, that makes sense. And then maybe shifting gears a little bit, you know, the locums business and the allied side of the business, I mean, anything we should be thinking about in terms of, you know, first what you're seeing and then maybe any factors that could drive some acceleration and growth and demand for those non-nursing, you know, for the locums business.
spk09
Thank you, Brian, for the question. This is James, and we'll speak to the locums side of the marketplace. Locums is a a good news story for us. You look at their demand, it's still 50% higher than 2019 in pre-COVID levels. You think about our business, our business revenue growth is high single digits year over year. Our fill rates are up quarter over quarter. Our book spreads are up quarter over quarter and also year over year. From a Q2 standpoint, we still think that we expect to have very solid growth going into next quarter. and also more profitable growth inside of the local marketplace. The thing that we're looking at is we're very laser focused on the demand that's out there, but we want to be profitable, have profitable growth, not just any growth. So we're laser focused on that, and you're able to see that in some of the results that Jeff read out earlier. Hey, Brian, it's Landry.
Brian
I'll hit on Allied. So I guess first off on the demand, demand in Allied is really strong. more than double what it was before the pandemic. So we're really excited about that. There is a little bit of a mix change in there where I'd say a slight headwind on volume because you've got the specialties that are tied more towards COVID that are coming down and kind of hurting the year-over-year comp a little bit. So those would be things like phlebotomy, respiratory therapist, and med techs. But then it's all offset by this really good strength that's tied to therapy, which is usually PT, OT, and speech, as well as imaging. So really excited about the demand. The team's performing really well up against that demand. Certainly an area that looks good as we progress through the rest of the year. And then I won't go into detail unless there's another question on it, but I would also call out our international businesses are performing really well. as well as our school business.
Kerry Grace
And the overall comments that I would make, which I think your question really highlights, is one of the core positioning for us with our clients is how we help them holistically across all of their clinician needs. And I think when you hear the comments that both James and Landry talked about, I think it's very reflective of the strong partnerships that we've built with them. and really being able to help them serve their patients and continue to grow their businesses and their organizations.
Brian Tanquilis
Awesome. Thank you, guys.
Operator
One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Jeffrey Silber of BMO Capital Markets. Your line is now open.
Jeffrey Silber
Thank you so much. You spoke earlier in terms of working with your clients to help them manage their own costs. I'm just wondering if you can give us a little bit more color on what you're doing internally to manage your own costs in this environment of declining revenues to try to keep your margins above that 15% level.
Kerry Grace
Yeah, let me take that one first. For all of you who have been with us throughout the years, you have witnessed firsthand that AMN has always adapted well as market conditions fluctuate, whether that is flexing up to demand or flexing down to demand. And it really is a core value proposition to our clients because we are there to help them in times of need and be able to meet their needs quickly and seamlessly. So if you look at our ability to do that, particularly even in this quarter, while our revenues went down 27% year over year, our adjusted SG&A is down 20% year over year. And the majority of that expense reduction has not impacted headcount. So the things that we are doing, one is we have active experience planning. So we went into this year knowing that we were working with our clients to reduce key elements of their workforce spend. and planned for that. We are always doing continuous performance management attrition as the primary drivers of how we continue to manage those costs.
Jeffrey Silber
Okay, that's really helpful. Appreciate that. Jeff, I think you had mentioned that you, I don't know if you used the word goals, but for 2023, the revenue and adjusted EBITDA numbers that you gave us assumed some modest demand improvements. What would those numbers be if there's no demand improvement?
Randy
Yeah, I would say it's in the low single digit range, Jeff, is what the improvement is into Q3 and Q4 in the demand environment. And again, you know, our viewpoint on bill rates is that they'll be down high single digits in the second quarter, down mid single digits. in the third quarter, and that's informed on the visibility we have in the Q3 right now, as well as the open orders that we're recruiting for, and then flat sequentially into Q4. So that's the bill rate side of the equation, and it's not a huge lift on the volume side from what we're seeing right now. It's, again, in that low single-digit range.
Jeffrey Silber
So the demand improvement is mostly coming in the fourth quarter, that's what you're saying?
Randy
Frequently over Q3, yeah, because Q2, we do expect Q3 will be down mid-single digits for Q2.
Jeffrey Silber
All right. Thanks so much for clarifying that. I appreciate it.
Operator
One moment for our next question. Our next question comes from Toby Somer of Truist Securities. Toby, your line is now open.
Toby Somer
Thanks. As the business and demand trends stabilize, I'm curious if demand picks up, do you think you'll be able to grow your travel nurse business above and beyond seasonality at current pricing trends? Or would it require bill rates out in the market to increase to lure in some additional supply to generate growth.
Kerry Grace
Oh, so if you step back and think a little bit about what we typically see from a volume standpoint, as volumes go up, you tend to see bill rates and pay rates have to go up to be able to attract that. I think what we've seen and maybe the balancing piece of that that we have witnessed over the past couple quarters is you've actually seen stabilization really since the high point of Q1 2022. So I would say at this point, we're not assuming that you're going to see a substantial increase in bill rates. And we still think that, you know, the balance between bill rates and volume could still be fine if you had a slight increase in volume towards the end of the year.
Toby Somer
Okay. Could you talk to us about two sort of detailed questions? How is your spend under management from an MSP perspective and churn within the book of business? And maybe could you contextualize winter orders, sort of size that and influence and how much higher price that is than the average? Thank you.
Kerry Grace
Let me give some overall context about MSP, and then I'll have Landry talk a little bit about the winter orders. As you have seen, as we've talked about just, you know, the significance of our MSP programs, in terms of spend. And I'd say this was particularly true during COVID where we made a very intentional and strategic priority to focus our limited supply on our MSP clients. Our MSP spend tends to track what you see overall in our nurse and allied business because that is the biggest program under our MSPs. So when you go through and as we talk about some of what we're seeing overall in the nurse and ally business that tends to align well with what we're seeing overall in our MSP. Now, as we've come out of the pandemic, we have been able to provide more support than we did during the pandemic to some of our VMS programs. And so you're seeing that alignment still stay correlated, but it's not quite as one for one as you may have seen during the pandemic.
Brian
Hey, Toby, I'll hit on the winter orders real quick. This is Landry. So our definition of winter orders, whenever a client is giving us bulk orders kind of in the June to July timeframe for orders are start dates that typically start either at the latter end of Q3 or throughout Q4. So that's kind of the way that we label our winter orders. The last couple of years, it's been hard for some of those accounts to plan for that, just with the different fluctuations that were going on in the market. We are anticipating winter needs this year. And you asked about the bill rates on them. I'd say the biggest reason for the bill rate increase is that we see higher utilization in our clients that drive higher rates. So a lot of it is more of a geographic phenomenon than it is customers truly paying a higher rate for that time of year.
Randall Reese
One moment for our next question.
Operator
Our next question comes from AJ Rice of Credit Suisse. Your line is now open.
AJ Rice
Hi, everybody. Thanks for the question. First of all, just to make sure, because sometimes we're thick-headed here. Jeff, just to take your point. So before you were looking for 4.2 to 4.3 billion in revenue this year, now you're thinking 4 billion. The EBITDA margin was previously talked about as being 15 to 15 and a half. Now you're talking about being at the high end of that 15 and a half. And if I do the math right at the midpoint, you were at 650 before. Now you're thinking 620 million of EBITDA, so 30 million. adjustment on a full year basis, with first quarter being a little higher, third quarter being a little lower, admittedly. And would you say that is all based on somewhat of a change in view of where you shake out on allied and travel nursing? Is there any other change you're making to your outlook of significance?
Randy
Yeah, AJ, so I would agree with your numbers. I I would say it's really a travel nurse change predominantly. Obviously, with some of the demand trends that we talked about on the nursing side, that is impacting our VMS business as well. But that's largely offset by strength within language services. So language services was up 25% year over year in the first quarter, so any any hit to the VMS businesses largely being offset by language services within TWS. And the change is really coming within travel nurse.
AJ Rice
Okay. And then when you think about supply and demand of getting nurses who are willing to step up for assignments, you talked about if volume improves, you might have to see a little rate improvement to get that volume. What about this concept of at some point you hit a break point where it's going to be really hard to get nurses and it'll dramatically pull back? You're looking at where you think rates would bottom in the third quarter. Are you pretty close to that number where you'd see a meaningful percentage of the people that are willing to take travel assignments today might back off so that that gives you a second way to consider where a floor might be or you still think there's some leeway there?
Brian
Hey AJ, it's Landry. I think probably the biggest thing that I would say to that is right now what we're experiencing within travel nurse is it's not a supply issue for travel, it's a demand issue. The interest is there. There's certainly not enough nurses to go around to fill all of the permanent and temporary and per diem needs throughout the marketplace, but the desire to work travel is there. So that hasn't been an issue. On the pay piece of it, It is economics on supply and demand, so we've factored all that into where we believe that demand is going to be and where we think pay needs to be, and we're having those conversations with our customers. But still, pay is only one factor when these clinicians are making their decision to travel. Actually, location is the number one preference that goes over everything when they're making decisions to work contracts. Things like location, pay does rank in the top four, but the other things that rank really high is flexibility and working conditions. So anyways, right now, today, we're not seeing a supply issue. If we can get the demand to pop back up, we'll be able to capture it.
Kerry Grace
And I would underscore with the, we just released our nurses survey on Monday, and I think all the points that Landry put in there underscored it, so we're still seeing a huge interest in As much as anything, it's a lifestyle choice.
AJ Rice
Interesting. One final last question on, you mentioned in the prepared remarks, interest in M&A, willingness to do M&A. I know the company's talked about it before, but obviously, Kerry, you've had a little time to be there. Does that broaden in any way what you guys might look at now that you've gotten to understand the organization, the competitive landscape out there, or what's the latest thinking on where you might look for deals?
Kerry Grace
Yeah, overall, you know, very consistent thinking with some of my comments last quarter. I'll start first with we are always interested in looking at M&A as a way to accelerate our growth in key areas. And so that remains true. I think what we saw for some time period, and this is, you know, a general comment across, you know, a number of industries, as you saw a relatively slow M&A environment, as there was broader market volatility, we would expect that you would see that start to stabilize a bit as we go through the year. And we're interested in opportunities that we think are going to provide better solutions for our clients, more tech enablement, really strong growth opportunities, particularly in specialized areas where we see continued demand.
AJ Rice
Okay, great. Thanks a lot.
Operator
One moment for our next question. Our next question is going to be coming from Bill Sutherland of the Benchmark Company. Your line is now open.
Randall Reese
One moment, one moment. Okay.
Operator
Our next question is going to be coming from Andre Childress of Baird. Your line is now open.
Pat McCall
Hey, this is Andre on for Mark Marcon. Thank you for taking our questions. So my first question just wants to just want to follow up on some previous comments you had. on the expectations you laid out. Where do you now expect bill rates and volumes to exit the year compared to pre-pandemic levels?
Randy
Yeah, on the bill rate side, we would still expect them to be 30 to 35% above pre-pandemic, Andre, and that's roughly 30% lower than they were in the peak of the first quarter of last year.
Pat McCall
And then on the commentary, I'm sorry, go ahead.
Randy
Yeah, on the volume side, it would be in the 20 to 25% range above pre-pandemic.
Pat McCall
Okay, great. Thank you. And then the language services business continues to see a lot of really great strengths. How do you view the opportunities in that space, and how large could that business ultimately become?
Kerry Grace
You know, let me take it from a general standpoint. Really love that business for a number of reasons. One is if you look at the biggest macro trends, one in five patients coming in are not going to speak English as their primary language. And so that demographic is incredibly compelling. The other piece of it is when you look at how you really create optimized workforces in health systems, they have a very strong desire to be patient-centric, and a part of that is language services. This gives them an ability to do that literally across hundreds of languages in a very cost-effective way without having to schedule multiple language clinicians during some of those shifts. So we love it for an overall match against macro demographics as well as how we can serve our clients and patients well. And obviously, culturally, we have a huge diversity and inclusion focus, which that also aligns very nicely to. If you look at the overall growth that they have seen, we expect for that business to continue to grow. Right now, we still continue to see demand and interest in that space. And a big area of focus for us there is how we continue to build out and scale the business, particularly among different languages, to be able to meet that demand.
Pat McCall
Great. Thank you. And I guess transitioning over to some capital allocation and strategy questions, I guess the first quick one will be, could you provide some more details on the accelerated buyback program, particularly on the timing?
Randy
yeah so we plan to enter into that in in the coming days um andre and the size of that would be 200 million dollars but we would it would will be a second quarter event and then completed over a number of of months but at the outside by the midpoint of the fourth quarter
Pat McCall
Great. And Carrie, you spoke about some of the leadership changes, some of the initiatives to accelerate the businesses. Could you provide a little bit more color on some of those initiatives and what are you most excited about?
Kerry Grace
Yeah. So I celebrated my five-month anniversary at AMN this week. And what I committed to all of you when I joined was that I was going to spend, and very quickly, get a sense of the market, talking to our clients, our clinicians, all of you, and really better understanding what AMN's opportunities were as we enter this next chapter of growth. The announcements that I made today are really intended to emphasize our focus around three areas that I think are going to be critical for us in the coming years. One is it is incredibly clear that clients' focus is really around how do I build a sustainable workforce. There is increased utilization demand. There is, you know, into the intermediate term, you could argue into the long-term, constraints on clinician supply. And they're looking for partners who are going to help them be able to very broadly think about different levers and different ways that they can create sustainability, broadly speaking, in their workforces. That is a huge priority as we think about some of the changes that we made. The other one is we want to grow our business as one AMN. I talked about this in the last call where we have a broad range of over 20 solutions. We do a very good job of talking to clients about them. we haven't done as good of a job of seamlessly integrating them for the benefit of our clients, which will be an area of focus for us. And the last piece is we really want to position and highlight our tech-enabled solutions. And so one of the detriments of having such strong MSP programs is under an MSP, many times our clients don't see our technology that we have underneath it. We have phenomenal technology that we have continued to invest in, and we want to make sure that we are highlighting across the board all of our tech-enabled solutions. So we have these three imperatives as we are making the changes. And so if you look at the realignment that I did, we have a focus with a chief revenue officer And we have an outstanding leader in Pat McCall who came into that role. We have a dedicated chief business officer where we are going to focus not just on our own AMN corporate growth strategy, but importantly, helping our clients be able to develop a sustainable workforce. Meredith LaPointe coming over from really helping build the healthcare McKinsey practice at McKinsey over the past 16 years, but also her focus on sustainable workforce we think is going to really accelerate our game in that area. And then finally having Nishan, who has been our chief strategy and marketing officer and responsible for our M&A, go over and lead in a dedicated way our technology workforce solutions is going to accelerate growth in all those areas. So we have strong leadership alignment around key areas of focus for us, and we are doing the same internally around how we continue to prioritize our one AMN initiative.
Pat McCall
Thank you so much.
Operator
I would now like to turn it back to Carrie Grace, Chief Executive Officer.
Kerry Grace
Thank you all for joining us in this call, and thank you for your continued interest in AMN. We look forward to talking to you over the coming weeks and months.
Operator
Thank you for your participation in today's conference. This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect.
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