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Thank you for standing by. My name is Carly and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the Six Flags Entertainment Corporation 2025 Third Quarter Earnings Call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, Press star 1 again. Thank you. I'll now like to turn the call over to Six Flags Management. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Carly. Good morning, everyone. My name is Michael Russell, Corporate Director of Investor Relations for Six Flags. Welcome to today's earnings call to review Six Flags Entertainment Corporation's 2025 third quarter financial results. Earlier this morning, we distributed via wire service our earnings press release. a copy of which is also available under the news tab of our investor relations website at investors.sixslags.com. We have also posted a presentation deck that can be accessed either on the webcast page for today's call or on our IR website's presentation page. The slides offer supplemental information specific to our consolidated results and PARC portfolio, all of which will be discussed on today's call. Before we begin, I need to remind you that comments made during this call will include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. These statements may involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from those described in such statements. For a more detailed discussion of these risks, you may refer to the company's filings with the SEC. In compliance with the SEC regulation FD, this webcast is being made available to the media and the general public, as well as analysts and investors. Because the webcast is open to all constituents and prior notification has been widely and unselectively disseminated, all content on this call will be considered fully disclosed. On the call with me this morning are Six Flags Chief Executive Officer Richard Zimmerman and Chief Financial Officer Brian Witherow. With that, I'll turn the call over to Richard.

Thanks, Michael. Good morning, everyone, and thanks for joining us. Today, as we discuss our third quarter results and our expectation for the remainder of the year, I want to acknowledge at the outset that our performance in 2025 has fallen short of our expectations. While we delivered year over year attendance growth during the critical third quarter and continued to make meaningful progress on our integration efforts, softer than expected demand in September offset much of the momentum we had built in July and August leading to approximately flat third quarter EBITDA year over year. While the 2025 season has been defined by volatility, I remain encouraged by the underlying strength of our business and believe the lessons we're taking from this period help lay the foundation for future success. Even in a year like this one that has challenged our execution and tested our operating model, we have gained deeper clarity about where the portfolio is strongest, where it needs refinement, and how we can adapt to challenges and evolve our approach to unlock the full potential of the company. Before we dive into our operating results, and I turn things over to Brian, I want to discuss our ongoing constructive engagement with a group led by Janna Partners, which includes football superstar Travis Kelsey. Six Flags has always been open to discussing strategy and opportunities with shareholders, and in that regard, this situation is no different. What is different is the magnitude of consumer interest and response that we have seen following the announcement and that the group has invested in Six Flags. This reaction reinforces our confidence that Six Flags is as exciting and relevant as ever. Six Flags remains a beloved brand, and we are pleased that it is part of the national conversation. We intend to build on that momentum and capitalize on the interest in the company for the 2026 season. We'll have more to say about that on future calls, so stay tuned. Now let me turn the call over to Brian to provide more context around our third quarter and year-to-date results.

Brian? Thanks, Richard, and good morning, everyone. As Michael mentioned at the outset of the call, in addition to our earnings release, we posted a supplemental presentation on our website which provides more context around our operating results and which I will reference during my prepared remarks. With that said, let me start with a review of our third quarter results. starting with slide three in the presentation. For the quarter, we delivered modified EBITDA of approximately $580 million and adjusted EBITDA of approximately $550 million on attendance of 21.1 million guests and revenues of 1.32 billion. The $555 million of adjusted EBITDA was essentially in line with the third quarter last year with attendance up 1% and revenues down 2%. The quarter began on a strong note. Combined attendance in July and August increased approximately 2%, or 300,000 visits. And guest satisfaction scores continue to improve, with our brand-leading parks performing at a high level. However, following Labor Day weekend, we saw a downturn in demand trends, as attendance for the month of September declined approximately 5%, or roughly 160,000 visits from September last year. This resulted in a 5% decline in net revenues for the month compared to the prior year. Despite the substantial change in attendance trends, we stayed the course and maintained our initiatives and planned level of OpEx reinvestment in many of our parks. Combined with the shortfall in September revenues, this negatively impacted third quarter EBITDA by approximately $20 million. Stepping back, we believe the third quarter results offer a more relevant picture of the underlying business trends compared to the previous quarter. Third quarter results somewhat isolate the severe second quarter weather, which impacted operations, negatively affected demand, and disrupted the pace of season pass sales and visitation over the entirety of the core season. Despite those challenges, the third quarter underscores the strength of our best performing parks. It also highlights those parks that require a fresh, strategic approach. With that as the backdrop, please turn to slide four. During the 2025 season, we have learned an extraordinary amount about our individual parks. It has, in many ways, been a tale of two cohorts. Year to date, certain parks representing approximately 70% of property level EBITDA have continued to outperform, while parks representing roughly 30% of property level EBITDA have underperformed. As we've gathered more information and learned more about our underperforming parks, we've gained a clear understanding as to what it takes to turn around most of these properties. Some of these underperforming parks have become non-core to our strategy, and as we've discussed before, we are looking to monetize them. As we move forward, if certain underperforming parks don't respond to our initiatives, we will consider rationalizing our investments in those properties and deem them to be non-core. The bifurcation of outperformers and underperformers is not simply a matter of geography or legacy ownership. It speaks to differences in how our parks are perceived by consumers, which we call brand strength, as well as consumer affinity, historical investment patterns, and local competitive dynamics. In 2025, we implemented our playbook aggressively in the underperforming parks and invested ahead of attendance growth. Our initiatives included increasing both operating expenses and select promotions, including changes to ticket prices and bring-a-friend offers. Based on past experience, these investments often yield immediate results in attendance growth. Unfortunately, in other cases, it can take time to see a change in consumer perception and growth in demand. We've been actively reviewing each park in our portfolio as we work to optimize revenues, operating costs, and capital expenditures going forward. Turning to slide five, through the first nine months of the year, the outperforming parks in the portfolio have generated incremental modified EBITDA and essentially flat attendance year over year. We believe the performance of these parks would be even stronger absent the significant impact of severe weather in the second quarter and the disruption in season pass sales during the critical May-June timeframe. Our underperforming parks tell a different story. Through the first nine months of 2025, modified EBITDA declined as a result of lower attendance and increasing operating expenses. However, we deliberately increased operating expenses to reflect necessary maintenance investments to ensure ride-up times in these parks are up to our standards. We made significant progress in this area, but did not yet achieve the commensurate uplift in profits we were targeting. Going forward, we intend to be more nimble and strategic in allocating investment dollars, focusing only on our highest potential underperforming parks and the strongest opportunities to deliver near-term returns. Turning to slide six, performance of the outperforming group of parks was even better during the third quarter. Modified EBITDA for these parks increased double digits, driven in large part by a 5% increase in combined attendance. Third quarter results at these parks were broadly in line with the expectations embedded in our original 2025 guidance, and their performance reaffirms their long-term strategic and financial importance to the company. In the third quarter, our underperforming parks saw attendance decline 5%, although we were able to better protect margin erosion through critical adjustments to variable costs, thereby limiting the modified EBITDA declines. Finally, for all portfolio parks, our third quarter results were also impacted by shifting advertising expenses. We reallocated ad spend from the third quarter to the first half of the year. which helped lower third quarter operating expenses, but most likely also affected demand and impaired our top line during the quarter. Turning to slide seven, you'll see a good example of a single outperforming park and an underperforming park. Note that both parks began the year with similar margins, and both experienced flat attendance year to date. Yet, as you can tell from the chart, profitability between the parks varied widely. The park on the left, the outperforming location, had been historically well maintained with a loyal customer base that was able to withstand any adversity we faced throughout the season. Here, we were able to leverage our reputation and minimize costs without impacting consumer demand or the guest experience. The result is that EBITDA grew 14% and margin improved from 43% to 47%. The park on the right is an underperforming location where we made significant investments in 2025 to address deferred investment needs and support multi-year attendance and EBITDA growth. The nature of the business is that we invest in maintenance and labor expenses in advance of top-line attendance and revenue growth to improve customer satisfaction and enhance brand perception. The result is that year-to-date EBITDA at this property fell significantly and margin contracted from 44% to 29%. an unacceptable long-term margin for a park of its scale. However, while profitability clearly remains challenged, we remain excited about the opportunity to drive long-term growth within the portfolio. Our parks are located in attractive high-population DMAs, which provide a substantial runway for future attendance growth. As reflected on slide eight, the largest properties in the underperforming cohort of our portfolio have room to double their penetration rates before reaching the levels we are currently achieving at the largest parks in our outperforming cohort. We also see similar opportunity to increase profitability in these underperforming properties. Turning to slide nine, despite not seeing the near-term economic return on every one of our 2025 initiatives, we are beginning to see leading indicators turn positive and we are excited about the potential upside here. As we look ahead, our roadmap for the underperforming parks centers on two primary pathways, migrating those parks toward the performance profile of our best parks within the portfolio, or classifying them as non-core and divesting them where it makes strategic and financial sense. We're approaching this process with objectivity and discipline. We are reevaluating pricing strategies, operating cost structures, capital allocation plans, and long-term market potential. These evaluations are underway with the full support of our board. We are committed to making decisions that strengthen the long-term health of the company, even when those decisions are difficult. This isn't new for us. Remember that we have already taken actions to monetize real estate in Northern California, Bowie, Maryland, and Richmond, Virginia. Let's quickly touch on October results and our most recent performance trends. Based on preliminary operating results, attendance over the five-week period and November 2nd totaled 5.8 million guests. This represents an 11% decline in attendance versus October last year. However, we think it's important to consider the comparison to 2023, as last year's results benefited from a five-week weather pattern that was nearly perfect, and as a result, October attendance was up 20% in 2024. Therefore, we believe that 2023 offers a more relevant comparison to assess the current period performance. Against that same five-week period in 2023, we showed a 7% increase in attendance this October. We find it very encouraging that when compared to October of 2023, results at our outperforming parks were up 11%, and the underperforming parks were up 4%. One final note on October performance. In early September, based on the strong attendance trends coming out of July and August, we thought we were well-positioned to match last year's October results, as we have seen consistent growth in demand for our fall events, and we added both incremental operating days and new IP-themed attractions to drive demand this year. However, the difficult comparison to last year's record performance, coupled with our pullback in advertising spend, made our October goals a bridge too far. Based on these results, we are revising our full year outlook. Our updated range reflects discipline, transparency, and a realistic assessment of the conditions affecting the business in the back half of the year. It also creates a more stable foundation as we refocus our efforts and reposition for the 2026 season. Based on our updated outlook for the last two months of the year, we now expect to deliver full year adjusted EBITDA of $780 to $805 million. From a balance sheet perspective, our priority is to enhance financial flexibility and improve free cash flow generation. We intend to do this both through organic growth in our core properties and through potential strategic asset sales. We have no meaningful debt maturities until early 2027, and we have adequate liquidity to address near-term cash obligations. And despite this year's challenges, we remain comfortably within our covenant requirements. We currently sit at approximately three times secured leverage giving a substantial cushion against our first lean leverage covenant, which steps down to five times at year end. Despite the performance volatility over the course of this year, we believe the regional amusement park business remains fundamentally solid, as evidenced by the results of our high performing parks this year. Several of these parks are on track to record record or near record performances. These results underscore the long-term viability of the business model and reaffirm the central thesis behind our strategy. When we invest in product quality, operational reliability, and the guest experience, consumer demand follows. Our approach coming into 2025 was rooted in a desire to drive recovery as quickly as possible in parts with longstanding demand challenges. We made strategic decisions based on the historical success of implementing our playbook across the portfolio. But in some markets, the pace of change exceeded what our consumers were prepared to absorb within a single season. This reflects the evolving nature of guest behavior and the importance of calibrating change at a market-specific level. As we move forward to 2026, this learning is already reshaping our approach around an understanding that pricing changes, promotions, and programming must be phased and sequenced with greater precision. Looking ahead to 2026, we are focused on taking the learnings from this past season to inform our strategic initiatives and our priorities. We are reassessing our marketing approach with a focus on returning to fundamentals. That includes reevaluating the allocation of marketing spend by park and channel, improving the pacing of that spend to more effectively align with the seasonal demand curves, and sharpening messaging so that it resonates more precisely with consumers in each unique market. Additionally, our integration work remains on track and is yielding meaningful benefits. We have standardized core safety, security, and operational protocols across the portfolio, critical steps in the integration process. Earlier this week, we launched our new website, a single unified digital home that brings together what were once two separate companies and more than 15 different websites. The launch represents more than just a new look. It's a major step forward in how we present ourselves as one brand and one team. The new website offers a seamless experience for our guests, as well as an entirely new platform for the business. It's a platform built to grow with us, which is scalable, data-driven, and optimized for evolving needs of the enterprise. In addition, by year end, all parts will be operating on a unified ticketing platform. an essential component of our future revenue and demand management strategies. And as we move into early 2026, we will complete the migration to a single enterprise resource planning or ERP system, which will deliver material administrative efficiencies and strengthen the infrastructure supporting our next phase of growth. As we tailor our operating plan for 2026, the long-term fundamentals of this business remain solid. We have a core set of highly competitive, top performing parts, a valuable real estate base, and a clear understanding of where strategic focus and calibrated investment will have the greatest impact. We have strengthened our operating and technological foundation, and we are better equipped than at any point in the merger process to drive consistency, stability, and long-term value creation. Although 2025 has been a difficult year, it's also brought clarity and direction. The insights we gained are already shaping a more disciplined data-driven and market-specific strategy for 2026. And while the road ahead will require focus and execution, the building blocks for long-term success are firmly in place. We remain confident in the company's prospects for shareholder value creation. Before concluding my remarks, I'd just like to offer a note of thanks to Richard. whose leadership and discipline through this transformative period in our history has set the stage for the company's next chapter of success. With that, I'll turn the call back over to Richard.

Thank you, Brian. As we conclude today's call and I prepare to transition out of the CEO role, I want to speak directly to the realities of our performance and to the opportunities that lie ahead for this company. While we have not yet achieved all we set out to deliver following the merger, The underlying thesis has not changed. We've built a stronger foundation, modernized core capabilities, and positioned Six Flags to operate with greater discipline, better intelligence, and a clearer sense of where value will be created. That work is real, and it will endure. This year has challenged every assumption and tested every plan, but challenges tend to reveal the fundamentals, and the fundamentals here at Six Flags remain sound. I've spent four decades in this industry, and I've seen how quickly momentum can return when strategy, capital, and execution all align. Our assets are unique, our operating platform is improving, and the long-term demand profile for regional entertainment remains intact. We also know something else to be true. When we invest with focus and creativity, guests respond. This team has consistently demonstrated its ability to re-energize markets elevate product quality and deliver experiences that drive both attendance and pricing power those are muscles this organization knows how to use and they will be central to its next era of growth to our shareholders and investment partners i understand the scrutiny and i understand the expectations over this past year this management team is focused on addressing structural issues prioritizing initiatives with the highest return and position positioning the company to translate that progress into sustained financial performance. Despite our short-term challenges, the core value proposition of this business remains durable, repeatable, and underpinned by assets that are not easily replicated. To our park teams and associates, you are the constant in this business. Your work, day in and day out, is the reason this company has outperformed, recovered quickly from downturns, and earned the trust of millions of guests. You are the differentiator. It has been the honor of a lifetime to be trusted to lead this great organization. Thank you for giving me that opportunity. And lastly, I'd also like to thank my wife, Carolyn, of 40 years for her love and support. And with that, we'll open the line up for questions.

At this time, I would like to remind everyone, in order to ask a question, press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad. We'll pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. Your first question comes from Steve Wazinski with Staple.

Hey, guys. Good morning. Good morning, Steve. Good morning. So a couple of questions here. I guess first of all, when you guys talk about these outperforming parks versus the underperforming parks, can you actually maybe help us and quantify how many of your parks you're considering? you know, these days outperforming versus underperforming. And if we think about some of those underperforming parks, are any of those parks EBITDA negative right now?

Yeah, Steve, it's Brian. We're not going to break out the number of properties that sit in each side, other than, as we said in our prepared remarks, and it was represented in the slide deck, those outperforming parks represent 70% of EBITDA year-to-date in 2025, closer to 60% last year. With the underperforming parks, Wouldn't it contain the lion's share of the small properties within the portfolio? And some of those parks are maybe in low single digits when it comes to millions of dollars of EBITDA that they generate. But beyond that, we're not going to provide any more specifics on the names or the numbers of parks in each cohort.

Okay, gotcha. And then second question, if we go back to February, when you initially gave guidance for the year, which was – I think it was 1.1 billion at the midpoint, and now we sit here at, you know, let's call it close to 800 million at the midpoint. You know, obviously that's a $300 million difference. You know, is there any way you can bridge that 300 million delta, meaning, you know, how much of that delta do you attribute to weather versus, you know, other factors, whether that's cost or just macro headwinds? You know, anything you could do to kind of bridge that would be helpful.

Yes, Steve, listen, as we look at this year, I appreciate the question. There's been a lot of volatility in the year. This has been the year that seems like it's several years rolled into one. It seems like there's been a lot of challenges throughout that. I think as we look at that, and I'll let Brian weigh in here, I'll go back to the point that Brian just made as we walked through this year, we've tried to really calibrate what we needed to do to build a strong foundation for the future and start to see that demand come back and focus on that market penetration and the underperforming markets where we think the greatest opportunity is Brian.

Yeah, without getting into specifics, Steve, in terms of numbers, we're not going to go to that level of detail. But as you know, you've been around the business a long time, and this industry is all built around attendance. I think our expectations coming into this year were for more potential than clearly the business was able to deliver this year, which is why we're taking a step back and we're reevaluating each one of these parks, where they, you know, current status, what the potential is, and what the effort is to get them up to where we know they can be long-term. But the majority of this miss is an attendance-driven miss in 2025.

Okay, gotcha. Thanks, guys. And, Richard, enjoyed work with you, and best of luck. Thanks, Steve.

Your next question comes from Ian Cefino with Oppenheimer & Company.

Hi, great. You know, I wanted to also ask about the underperforming parks. You know, I think initially we identified them as, you know, park parks that didn't really contribute as much. Then they became underperforming. At what point did they then become, I guess, non-core? You know, are there like specific metrics or bogeys you're looking at? You know, and how much time are you willing to, you know,

spend on fixing these parts before again they become maybe more non-core so thank you yeah Ian understand the question what I would say is that as Brian said in his prepared remarks this is an ongoing process we're trying to factor in all the latest data when you look at the overall portfolio I think we're going through that evaluation and it really depends on how fast we think We can ramp up the demand, and what we see is demand in each market by market specific, but that's an ongoing process right now, and we're refining those criteria with the board.

Okay, thanks. And then just as a follow-up on, you know, the CEO search, maybe give us an update there. What type of qualities are you looking for? And then how would you maybe wrap that around one of your newest investors, you know, Travis Kelsey? Thanks.

Well, here's what I will say. You know, the board has had a very diligent process ongoing headed by our non-gov committee, Eric Rusham. And I've been encouraged by the quality of the candidates, the level of interest. And I think that, you know, as the board works through that process, they'll have more to say in the near future. But that's about all I can comment on at this point.

Thank you very much. Thank you.

Your next question comes from Ben Shakin with Mizuho.

Hey, how's it going? Thanks for taking my question. I guess the first one is just maybe for within the year. The remaining IQ4, unless I'm mistaken, has around 60 less operating days than the prior year. If you helped us with October, can you maybe help us with the expectations for attendance for the remainder of the year that you've baked into guidance, maybe what the range of outcomes are for the low and high end of EBITDA?

Yeah, Ben, it's Brian. You know, based on, you know, what we've seen in September and October, and quite frankly, you know, in all honesty, you know, the miss in our expectations of what we could achieve in October is, We're trying to be as prudent as possible in our outlook for November and December as we want to live up to those obligations to the street and these... updated guidance range that we've put out there. November and December are smaller months, so I think there's a little bit of a higher confidence level in terms of predictability. But we've assumed anywhere from flat to down mid-single digits. You know, I think October, the bar was very high last year. That's not so much the case in November, December. But I think which is why you sort of start to a flat year over year. At mid-single digits, that would incorporate a little bit of those same kind of headwinds we saw in October playing out. But maybe to put it into perspective for you, for each one percentage shift in attendance over that two-month window, that would equate to approximately $3 million in EBITDA over the last two months of the year.

Okay, maybe just to follow up there, because I think on the last call you mentioned, and maybe I'm conflating or mixing up numbers, but I think you said that there was a 500,000 attendance impact because of the operating days towards the end of the year. And I'm just thinking, like, if you're – again, maybe that's just, like, wrong. But if you're having 500,000 from removing operating days, how would – Yeah, no, my –

That's a fair question, fair follow-up, Ben. My comment on the flat to mid-single digits was on the apples-to-apples comparable operating days. You're exactly right. There's a little bit inside of 500,000 visits associated with four winter holiday events that we're unplugging that sit on top of that. So when we're looking at the operating days that we will have at the parks this year versus the comparable days last year, that's the flat to down mid-single digits. There is another loss of attendance associated with those winter events, which will lead to closed days this year versus open days last year.

Understood. And then... And then maybe back to the underperforming parks. I mean, what's the timeline that you need to make these decisions here? Like, you've kind of seen the performance this year. You guys are able to cut the data on what is weather or what is not. Like, is this something that you think within the next 12 months you'll have an idea of what assets are staying and what assets are going? Or what's the expectation?

Yeah, well, I think we already have a pretty good idea of which are the low-hanging fruit when it comes to non-core versus strategic assets going forward. We're moving with a sense of urgency on that process. as we're building out our 2026 plans. As we said in our prepared remarks, as parks, you know, as we roll into 2026 and we see how parks perform, there may be a need to pivot. And a park that we consider core right now, if we're not seeing the returns on that, we need to remain nimble and shift our thinking that a core park today could become a non-core park going forward. But I think we have a really good idea of which parks fit into which bucket. where we stand today, and we'll continue to refine our thinking as we see the business evolve.

Okay, and if I can just sneak one quick one in. I think Legacy Six Flags highlighted 4Q23 as having some weather in it. I know you guys gave that as a comparison period. I just don't know if the weather was in October or November. Clearly, you guys think it's a better comp, but just maybe a few comments there.

Yeah, I think as you look at it, comparing any of these years, right, what you're highlighting, Ben, is that there's always those macro factors that are at play. 24 was outstanding five weeks. 23 did have a little bit of a disruption. Within the portfolio, it was a bit more maybe meaningful for the standalone Six Flags entity than on a combined basis. And so, you know, this year's weather was probably fairly comparable. We had issues this year with weather across the system. Again, you're not going to hear us, you know, lean on that as an excuse. But I'd say that, you know, 23 weather impact was certainly more impactful to Six Flags standalone than maybe the combined attendance of the new Coast Six Flags. Thanks a lot. Sure.

Your next question comes from Thomas Yeh with Morgan Stanley.

Thanks so much. Yeah, just following up on the underperforming parts piece, it appeared in that one example that price discounting and cost investments didn't really deliver on the attendance growth side. So what's the timeline on ROI that you would expect on OPEX investments before deeming it as non-core? And how should we think about maybe just the threshold on investment in an aggregate sense, if we can reframe that within the broader OPEX and CAPEX targets that you laid out at your investor day? I believe this year you had expected it to decline 3%, excluding COGS.

Yeah, Thomas, I'll take the first part. I'll let Brian take the second part. When we think about demand in any specific market, we've always talked about the dynamic pricing. We really go in and look at where we see demand and when we make these investments, what we've seen in the past in parks that we've sort of relaunched and re-energized is you start to get traction in year one, you see more impact in year two, and then by year three, you're really running. So as we think about the ramp of it, I go to the last page of the deck, which really showed the metrics that we're trying to monitor that speak to guest satisfaction, guests coming back. Part of this is making sure, as I've always said to the general managers and the folks that run our parks, the greatest measure of your success is not what you do this year, but it's whether your guest comes back this next year and how you build a foundation of higher attendance in the future. Brian?

Yeah, as I think, Thomas, specifically about the cost side of things, we are working through the process right now of building out our expectations, as I said in my prepared remarks, on a part-by-part basis. We're going to focus on where those returns on those investments come. are the greatest and the opportunities are the highest. We're going to prioritize certain parks over other parks. I do think we took a significant step in the right direction this year in right-sizing the cost structure, staying true to the strategy and the initiatives that we deployed at the beginning of the year despite some headwinds around demand. We didn't veer dramatically off course, and so that was a major step in the right direction. We'll assess park by park each park's capital and OPEX needs going forward and focus our cash spend where those returns would be greatest. As it relates to our expectations for the full year in terms of costs, I think we've continued to deliver where we've had more control. A lot of progress made around labor costs, as an example. In other areas of the business, we've seen some more headwinds that were unanticipated. Areas like self-insurance reserves, utility costs, things are a little bit more out of our control. Property taxes, that's been a little bit more pressure on the business over the Over the course of the year, particularly in the second half than we had necessarily anticipated earlier in the year.

Okay, understood. And can you dig into the drivers of September moderation and attendance? Any macro level signs on consumer softness? I think last quarter you mentioned some low end consumer weakness at the margin, in addition to the weather, obviously. So how did that evolve over the course of the last few months?

Yeah, I think those macro factors are things that we're always focused on. I'm not going to blame the attendance shortfalls entirely on that. I think attribution is a little hard in the middle of any season. At the end of the season, it's a little bit easier to look back and see over time what might have been at play. There are some missteps. We have to own the decisions that we've made. Not all of our Our advertising program was as effective as it needed to be. Some of the pricing changes, as I said in my prepared remarks, we may have moved a little too fast and a little too far on some of trying to harmonize and bring some of the Six Flags parts in our system in line with the Cedar Fair pricing standards. and program structure around things like season pass. So it's some missteps by management. Those are things that are very correctable and things that we'll be focused on. And we'll continue to just watch the broader macro backdrop. I think, you know, we said it on the second quarter call, we knew that the disruption of season pass sales because of the weather in May and June was going to be a bit of a headwind for us over the balance of the year. I think that does play out in these third quarter numbers a bit, September and even a little bit in October as well.

Got it. Thank you. Maybe last one, just on season pass adoption. To your point, the pricing that's pacing up 5%, is that a reflection of the harmonization that you just mentioned? Or are you seeing maybe just higher uptake on some of the higher tier pricing products?

Yeah, it's a combination of those two things, Thomas. It's a little bit of mix. Folks, through the promotions that we have out there and the pricing structure in place, people migrating up the stack a little bit. We're not satisfied with where season pass sales are at every one of our parks. A lot of work being done by the team behind the scenes as we prepare for the next big sales window, which is spring 2026. I would expect that there'll be changes in how we're how we're marketing those programs, as well as what the makeup and pricing structure is as we go forward and try and drive better sales figures over the balance of the program.

Thomas, let me jump in here and say that I don't want to underplay in any way getting the entire portfolio on a single ticketing system. We've always talked about our CRM system and how we engage with our guests. That will be available to us in the spring as we get into the big spring sales cycle. So I'm really excited to see how the unified backbone of our technology will help us as we get into 26.

Thank you so much, and best of luck, Richard.

Thanks, Thomas.

Your next question comes from Arpine Kacharian with UBS.

Hi, thank you for taking my question. You talk about product initiatives sort of outpacing consumers' ability to really absorb those changes in your slides in a single season. What does that exactly mean? Is it mainly about pricing? And how does that change into 2026? And do you also expect a significant reduction in your capex for 2026?

Yes, Brian, let me maybe take it backwards and work to that direction. In terms of CapEx, we had already talked about a skinning up of the 26 capital program that was more so being driven by some challenges timeline-wise relative to a couple big projects. As we've, I think, talked about on previous calls, the lead time of some of these big attractions has gotten elongated for a lot of different reasons that complicate the process, everything from permitting to getting product from overseas in today's environment. And so we had talked about pulling our capital program back by about $100 million relative to what we had originally thought maybe, say, 12 or 18 months ago. So no further changes beyond that. We will continue to evaluate our capital programs for 26 and 27, always trying to – be as efficient and optimized as possible, but no other changes to note on that. In terms of the comment about the consumer, I think it's across a number of layers, Arpeen. It's not just pricing, it's the structure, it's how we communicate with the customers. I think if we take a step back and we evaluate 25 and the decisions we made, we can be a little critical, self-critical of the decisions that we made from a standpoint of markets get trained. And by that, I mean, you know, consumers get used to a certain structure of communication, when things go on sale, how we're even messaging in advertising, as well as the structure of the product. I think in some cases, not necessarily every park, but certainly some parks in the portfolio, we maybe went too fast too far and deviated from a lesson that we've learned in the past, which is you don't want to shock the market and you don't want to disrupt what they're used to. And so we're going back in and reviewing all that. I think there'll be adjustments, there'll be changes as we go into 2026 as we attempt to right-size some of those disruptions that we saw this past year.

Great. That's helpful. And, you know, to go back to your strategic review of the portfolio, what are the biggest hurdles? Is this just deciding what is core versus non-core and just, or just transaction market and ability to absorb kind of portfolio type sales? Or can you look at more alternative uses for these assets? Like what are some of the big hurdles and where you are, how you're looking at that at this point?

Yeah, I think when you look at the portfolio of parks, and we talked about this all the way back to when we completed the merger, that as a combined company of this scale, the ability to sell off and monetize parks that weren't going to contribute a great deal of growth, maybe nice parks from a standpoint of What we would consider the little mini cash cows, so to speak, parts that don't require a lot of capital, generates a nice amount of EBITDA and throw off cash flow. Those had a home, I think, in both standalone portfolios. In a bigger company where we're trying to narrow our focus and... shrink our capital needs as well as our risk or our liability exposures, you know, getting the portfolio smaller and more nimble is a priority. And so we're going to look at the parks where our returns are the greatest, where the opportunities for growth are the highest, and we're going to focus on those parks and the other parks we'll look to monetize and use those proceeds to reduce debt.

Thank you very much, and best of luck, Richard.

Thanks, Alpani.

Your next question comes from Chris Oronka with Deutsche Bank.

Hey, good morning, guys. Thanks for taking the questions. Hey, Chris. Yeah, I guess I'm curious. Hey, guys. I guess I'm curious to say, maybe you can share with us how much, I guess, data collection or survey work you do with your customers, I guess, maybe both kind of before and post-visit. And are you seeing any trends in terms of what they're telling you, whether it's a price value or whether it's a content issue? Just trying to get a sense as to how much you're interacting with those guests and if you think you're identifying any big holes in the feedback.

Yeah, Chris, we really try and rely on research, both normal research that we do concurrent with our operations. We always are paying our customers and get that research back on a week-by-week basis that gives us the NPS, the OSAT scores that we rely on. So we're always constantly getting feedback. On top of that, we do periodic research multiple times a year with our brand tracker and look at how things are evolving in each market. And that's a little more detailed feedback. On top of that, and you will have seen in the press over the last several days, we always go out to market and research What are the concepts that would most appeal to different consumers in different markets? And then lastly, I'll go on top of that, we do waves of research that are specific to maybe some initiatives we have. So we're constantly trying to get as much information back from our consumers. All of the points do the things that, you know, we put in our prepared remarks. And again, I go back to that last slide. that we showed, which shows the leading indicators. We know when guests come, they want to be able to ride the rides that they come to the park for. We've really improved the uptime. We've got repeat visitors coming back, particularly the stronger operating parks. So we're not seeing anything in this consumer research that doesn't validate everything that I think we talked about in our prepared remarks. Brian, anything you want to add?

Yeah, I just maybe add to Richard's comments, Chris, that the one theme that has been a constant and maybe it's even echoing a little bit louder in the more recent research is that the consumer is becoming increasingly more value conscious. In a world where out-of-home entertainment options has expanded greatly, while at the same time discretionary free time and maybe a little bit of discretionary dollars has shrunk. You know, consumers are putting a high priority on only doing those things where they see high value. I think when you look at the mix of outperforming versus underperforming parks in our portfolio, it supports that tale or that narrative, right? The parks where we have strong brand recognition, strong consumer recognition, strength in terms of the perception of cost value, those parks have performed very well this year. The parks where the brand perception or the consumer perception of the park is not as strong, that we're working on right-sizing, those parks have been the ones that have struggled.

Okay. Very helpful. Thanks, guys. Then as a follow-up, a question on marketing. You know, we used to talk not that long ago about kind of the right percentage of CapEx that we need to think about as a percentage of revenue. And I'm kind of wondering, do you think we're now kind of asking that same question, but on marketing, is that number going up significantly? Or do you think that's kind of more exogenous to 2025 in terms of weather issues and economic issues and such?

You know, it's one of the things we're looking at, Chris, as we go through this portfolio review is also, you know, what's the right media mix? As we said, we're going to really take a look at that in each market. How do the cost factors, you know, LA and New York, more expensive market than potentially someplace like Kansas City or Minneapolis. So we're factoring all those things in to get to the optimal mix for each market. And it will be different by each market, but it's one of the things we're looking at. Okay. Best of luck, Richard. Thank you. Thanks, Chris. Appreciate it.

Our next question comes from Lizzie Dove with Goldman Sachs.

Hi there. Thanks for taking the question. I just wanted to ask about the year ahead. I appreciate that we're still kind of ahead of a new CEO and this is a multi-year transition story, but As we look to the year ahead, like what are the key kind of building blocks that you would kind of expect to achieve and any kind of early indicators? Maybe it's too early to ask this and just how you're kind of framing up what you can achieve next year in terms of attendance, broad strokes, per caps, anything like that. Thanks.

Yeah, Lizzy, it's Brian. I think it is a little early in terms of putting anything out there as to what we hope to achieve. And even our long lead indicators, the only one that really has any merit at this point is season pass sales, and as we disclosed in the call, we're up in sales, a little soft on units with pricing up. And as you would imagine, and as I think I commented before, the performance by park is a little mixed as well. And so more so what I would say as it relates to 26 is we need to take the learnings from 25, the things that worked at certain parks, the missteps that we made at other properties, and use that to drive what our focus is in 2026. So we're not letting the challenges and the missteps of 25 go wasted. I think we need to revise our outlook, and that's what the team's focus is on at this point.

Got it. That makes sense. And then I think based on where you're kind of guiding to for EBITDA for 4Q, it implies that the per cap exit rate will still be down as well. Kind of depends on your assumption on cost, but let's say somewhere similar in the low single digit range. Is that the kind of right exit rate? Was there a comp factor there too? And maybe you can kind of broaden out of just like kind of what you're seeing broadly with the consumer in terms of, you know, willingness to spend on ticket or impact. Thanks.

Yeah, I think, Lizzy, when you look at where the consumer is based on what we're seeing, I'll separate the two. guest spending on on in-park products so food and beverage extra charge we've remained encouraged by what we've seen there of course that's that is often influenced by attendance and so the parks that have performed better at an attendance level you know you've heard us talk about the parks being comfortably comfortably crowded you know the parks that have been done better on on that volume metric, have also seen a little bit better in-park spend relative to that. But even the parks that have underperformed have still seen good spending for those guests that are showing up. So I think in-park, we remain encouraged by what we're seeing there. And our focus Again, as it's been for most of the last year or plus, it's less about taking price in the park and it's more about transaction efficiency, better offerings, giving the consumer the options to buy up to higher price, better experiences or products. At the gate, it's a bit of a mixed bag, right? The parks that have, I'll go back to the earlier question and my comment about the strong consumer perception and the strong brands, those parks that have the better reputation or perception with the consumer have the ability to be a bit more aggressive on price. Those that don't, we have to figure out what the sweet spot is for those. What we tried this past year with dynamic pricing didn't work in every case. We found that the consumer didn't respond. It wasn't necessarily a price issue. It was more a value proposition. And so there's work to be done on that front.

Got it. Thank you.

Your next question comes from Patrick Schultz with Truist Securities.

Good morning. Just wanted to be a little bit more granular on exact expectations for next year's CapEx spend. I believe in a prior conference call, you had said $400 million. Is that still unchanged? And then, you know, with your renewed emphasis on of late on outperforming parks versus underperforming parks within that 400 million. Has there been at this point any major changes over the last couple months of how you expect to allocate that 400 million given that renewed emphasis? Thank you.

Yeah, Patrick, it's Brian. Yes, for now, our projection still is CapEx spend in calendar year 2026 of approximately $400 million. The mix of that spend has not significantly changed. A lot of the big dollar projects, as I said earlier, are longer lead projects, so those are have been in the pipeline and will continue um you know as as you know some of the smaller projects that have shorter lead times we we will always move those things around but at this point in time i wouldn't say that we've we've deviated uh dramatically from our plans coming into the in uh into 25 in preparation for next year okay thank you thanks roger your next question comes from james hardeman with city

Hey, good morning, guys, and thanks for taking my questions. But I did want to start by saying, Richard, it's really been a pleasure working with you and learning from your decades of work in the industry. And really, you know, good luck with what's next.

James, I appreciate that. I've always enjoyed all of our discussions.

Likewise. Thank you. And so my first question, obviously there's been – a lot of conversation about core versus non-core parks, as well as sort of that non-core budget, breaking it down between high potential and low potential. I didn't know if there was any way to sort of overlay that conversation with the market value for some of those parks. I guess my question is, how correlated is the performance of the park with what you could get for the park, how you could monetize the park. I would assume that if you're selling it to be an amusement park, those two things are highly correlated. Whereas if you could find an alternative use for those parks, there could potentially be a mismatch, which could make those decisions a lot easier. Now, obviously, as we think about your DC park and your Northern California park, maybe you've already exploited those mismatches between performance and real estate value. But just curious how you would speak to, you know, the opportunity and how that impacts the decisions that lie ahead.

Yeah, James, it's Brian. I think you sort of answered your question there. The, you know, the D.C. property and the Santa Clara property were exactly that, right? Parts where we felt that the underlying impact land outstripped any potential for growth and long-term cash flow generation of those parks based on a number of factors, most notably structural challenges or limitations on the ability to build out those properties. And so I think those were the two most obvious. We'll continue to look for more opportunities like we have with the excess land in Richmond. But for the most part, most of that low-hanging fruit has already been plucked. There are always assets in the portfolio that we get inbounds from that are core, critical, top-performing parks in our system that have to sit in great markets with high property values, Toronto, Southern California. But those are parks that are critical to the long-term growth of the business and And, you know, I think from that perspective would not be something, at least where we sit today, that we would be interested in pursuing.

Got it. That makes a ton of sense. And then I'm not sure how much of this you're going to answer, and I certainly didn't think I'd be asking this question. But as we think about this Jana Partners announcement, obviously it really moved the needle in terms of the SOC. I guess I'm trying to figure out how much it is likely to move the needle in terms of the business. You've had a number of activist investors involved with this story off and on for some time now. I think this is the first time maybe you've sort of called out one of them. And suffice it to say, there's a significant brand associated as we think about Travis Kelsey. I guess the question is, do you actually think that Travis Kelsey would consider lending his brand to the cause? Is that ultimately what we're talking about here? Because that, I think, pretty clearly could move the needle. And then to take it even further into the realm of, you're probably not going to answer this question, but as we think about Travis Kelsey's silent partner, could that be part of the brand association thing? given that so much of the conversation is reinvigorating your brand and sort of making it more relevant in today's time.

Thanks. James, it's Richard. I understand the question. I'll answer this as a guy that grew up in Kansas City and watched the Chiefs win their Super Bowl in 1970. Listen, I think we live in a different world now. Travis Kelsey, influencers of that ilk, have tremendous followings. And I think part of where all of society is going is figuring out what the new world looks like. I'll go back to my prepared remarks. We've had extremely constructive dialogues on this front. And I think as we think about how to create shareholder value, it starts with the performance of the parks. And listen, I would put any loyal fan that grew up going to our parks, You know, that's our bread and butter, or you've heard me talk about the lifetime customer. You know, Travis Kelsey is somebody that's come to our parks in many of our locations and has an affinity for them. So we're going to work very closely with him and his team to make sure that we optimize that opportunity. And I will say, as you said, the interest was enormous, not just in the stock price shooting up, but I think it speaks to we live in a different world now. I've got trust in our team and his team to figure out how we work those things through.

That's helpful. Thanks, Richard, and good luck.

There are no further questions at this time. I'll now turn the call back over to Michael Russell for closing remarks.

Thanks, Carly, and we appreciate our sell-side. Thanks for the good questions today. Feel free to contact our investor relations department at 419-627-2233. And our next earnings call will be held in February of 2026 after the release of our 25 fourth quarter results. Carly, that concludes today's call. Thank you, everyone.

That concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now