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Operator
Greetings, and welcome to the Hannon Armstrong Third Quarter Earnings Conference Call and Webcast. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A brief question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Naya Gadam, Senior Director, Investor Relations and Corporate Finance. The floor is yours.
Naya Gadam
Thank you, operator. Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome. Earlier this afternoon, Han and Armstrong distributed a press release detailing our third quarter 2022 results, a copy of which is available on our website. This conference call is being webcast live on the investor relations page of our website, where a replay will be available later today. Before the call begins, I'd like to remind you that some of the comments made in the course of this call are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 as amended and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended. The company claims the protections of safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in such sections. The forward-looking statements made in this call are subject to risks and uncertainties described in the risk factor section of the company's Form 10-K and other filings with the SEC. Actual results may differ materially from those described during the call. In addition, all forward-looking statements are made as of today and the company does not undertake any responsibility to update any forward-looking statements based on new circumstances or revised expectations. During this call, we will primarily discuss non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe help investors gain a meaningful understanding of our core financial results and guidance. A presentation of this information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as substitute for the financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures is available on our posted earnings release and slide presentation. Joining me on today's call are Jeff Echo, the company's chairman and CEO, and Jeff Lipson, our CFO and COO. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Jeff Echo, who will begin on slide three. Jeff?
Armstrong
Thanks, Neha. Good afternoon, everyone. I'd like to begin on slide three with a few key business highlights. We demonstrated continued strong performance in the third quarter with distributable earnings of 49 cents per share, a 20% increase over last year. We're pleased to affirm our prior guidance for annual growth and distributable EPS of 10 to 13% through 2024 and 5 to 8% annual growth in our dividend for the same period. And our board has declared a quarterly dividend of 37 and a half cents per share. As anticipated, yields on new investments are starting to improve. Higher energy prices are continuing to drive new PPA prices higher, and the clean energy industry is adapting to the higher price of capital and starting to reprice with their clients. While the yield on our $3.9 billion portfolio remains unchanged in the quarter, we expect the yield will increase proportionally as we fund new investments. Our 12-month pipeline increased to more than $4.5 billion, up from more than $4 billion last quarter. The increase represents new opportunities with existing clients as well as several new clients. Notably, this increase has little to do with the IRA, with that upside still to come in the 2024-25 time period and beyond, as we will discuss later. Today, we're pleased to announce a successful debt raise of $383 million, contributing to our strong liquidity position, including cash from operations of over $1.2 billion, which gives us ample runway for funding new deals. Moving to slide four, we provide more details on our updated 12-month pipeline, which, as I said, we've increased to greater than $4.5 billion with growth in each of the individual markets. The behind-the-meter pipeline remains strong in residential and community solar, along with increases in governmental efficiency opportunities. The grid-connected pipeline remains predominantly solar, with a significant portion expected to close in the next several quarters. We address the sustainable infrastructure market more fully on the next page. Turning to that page, slide five, we've always believed the climate solutions market was larger than the electric power sector, which represents only 25% of U.S. greenhouse gas emissions. The rest of the GHG emissions come from industry, transport, agriculture, and the built environment. We have been building a team to commercialize these opportunities and are pleased with their early successes, with two investments I will highlight now. First, we've entered the renewable natural gas market with $125 million senior investment in a set of operating projects developed and operated by Amoresco, a long-term programmatic client of HACI's. As they have been in so many other markets, Amoresco has been a successful pioneer in R&G, and we're pleased to expand our investing relationship with them. Second, we also completed a $72 million transaction in support of school bus modernization through software and eventually electrification with Zoom. Zoom has a significant and growing client base among investment grade rated school systems around the country. Our investment permits the modernization of standard, proven technology, in this case school buses, into a more nimble, efficient fleet. These are both shorter tenor transactions, and because tax equity is not involved, have a superior near-term cash profile than many renewable projects. Our flexibility to reach across industry sectors is evidence that our overarching strategy to invest in assets that decarbonize is a massive one. Turning to slide six, we lay out a timeline of when and how we expect IRA policy support to have a meaningful impact on HACI's business. This year and next, we expect improved economics on current projects in the pipeline, with the anticipated extension and step-up in tax credits and election of certain solar projects from ITC to PTC. While our clients are seeing these benefits in grid-connected projects, it is happening faster in the behind-the-meter projects because they're quicker to build, leading to faster utilization of these benefits. R&G and transport benefit from the clean fuel credits and the ITC, respectively. In speaking with our clients about their pipeline in the 2024 to 26 period, we're hearing a significant increase in ambition and resulting volumes in both grid-connected and behind-the-meter developments. It stems from the clarity and certainty of the IRA provisions, including the ITC adders. We think the transferability provision could be a significant opportunity for us, along with standalone storage. 24 to 26 looks to be a pivotal time when our clients scale up project development, which will then reflect volume growth in our pipeline. To be clear, our pipeline is a 12-month pipeline and does not reflect these increases. By 2026 and beyond, we expect significant new markets to develop in green hydrogen, transmission, and grid modernization. Bottom line, the energy transition is starting to accelerate, and yet it will take time for that acceleration to appear in our pipeline. Now I'll turn it over to Jeff El to detail our financial results.
Neha
Thanks, Jeff. On slide seven, we detail our $3.9 billion balance sheet portfolio as of the third quarter of 2022, which has grown 22% over the last year. We added over 100 new investments in the past year, contributing to our recurring net investment income. Our portfolio now includes over 365 investments across eight asset classes, as the diversity of the business remains an ongoing positive attribute. The projects underlying these investments represent over 12 gigawatts of clean energy, have improving economic value in times of higher commodity prices, and provide cost-effective critical energy to end users. Therefore, these investments are non-cyclical, with 99% of investments currently performing within our financial expectations, and we do not expect a recession to negatively impact the performance of these investments. Further, we detail our Q3 portfolio reconciliation on the right side of the slide. The portfolio balance was flat for the quarter as we funded $91 million of investments offset by collections and securitizations on existing assets. Funding expectations of previously closed transactions is over $625 million expected to fund through 2023. On slide 8, we have summarized our third quarter results with a year-over-year comparison on the top left and year-to-date comparisons on the remainder of the slide. We recorded distributable earnings per share of 49 cents in the third quarter, which is up 20% year-over-year. We also had a strong quarter of distributable net investment income of approximately 43 million, which is up 36% year-over-year, and recorded gain on sale of 19 million. In the upper right, we note year-to-date distributable EPS growth was 13% year-over-year, primarily due to higher revenue from a larger portfolio. In addition, as shown on the lower right, we're on track for another strong year of gain on sale and fees, with 64 million of this revenue source through three quarters. This is a very similar number as last year, despite the higher rate environment, reflecting that our securitization profitability is unaffected by rates, a topic I will discuss in more detail in a few minutes. On the lower left, distributable net investment income was approximately 134 million a year to date, reflecting year-over-year growth of 40%, driven by a larger portfolio and continued strong margins. In summary, despite higher rates and capital markets disruption, we were able to achieve our targeted level of profitability and are able to once again affirm our guidance. The next two slides both address interest rate risk in our business, a topic which we are frequently asked about. Page 9 addresses this risk related to our balance sheet, and page 10 addresses our off-balance sheet investments. As the top left graph on page 9 indicates, we have maintained strong margins and are now entering a phase during which we expect our cost of debt to increase. However, most of that increase will be offset with higher yields on new investments, as Jeff described earlier. It is also important to note that our current portfolio yield and cost of debt include a substantial amount of existing assets and liabilities. So neither figure will move up quickly as incremental investments in debt at higher rates will only initially comprise a modest percentage of the balance sheet. The primary conclusion of this chart is that in this illustrative scenario, we believe higher yields and higher debt costs would result in margins large enough to support a run rate of approximately 10 to 12% ROE consistent with our historic levels of profitability. On the upper right of the slide, we detail other factors which we expect will allow us to maintain strong margins, including utilizing lower leverage and pivoting to bank and private debt while public debt markets are volatile. Also, we've recently been asked about the refinancing of our low coupon debt maturing in 2026. Before addressing refinancing, I will note that issuing low-cost debt in substantial size in 2021 will continue to be a catalyst of strong margins over the 2021 to 2026 period. As it relates to refinancing this bond in 2026, there are several potential outcomes and several rate scenarios that may occur over the next four years. However, even if we assume a high cost outcome of simply refinancing it with a similar bond offering at a rate 350 to 400 basis points higher than its current coupon, we believe the size and profitability of our business by 2026 will be such that it will not cause our profitability to fall below our targeted ROE range. This is because by that time the portfolio is expected to be larger and at a higher investment yield. This scenario also ignores the fact that our recent investment grade credit rating positions us more favorably for debt cost optimization when public debt markets return to more normalized historic patterns. The bottom portion of this slide reflects our illustrative business model in a rising rate environment depicted as a percent of assets that reconciles back to our targeted ROE range of 10 to 12%. As we have stated several times, we have managed this business in markets in which rates have been high, low, flat, steep, or inverted, and have consistently maintained earnings growth. This is a reflection of the flexible business model we deploy using diversified sources of capital, both on and off balance sheet. Turning to slide 10, we've also received questions recently regarding our expected securitization activity now that rates have risen. To be clear, our securitization activity and the corresponding gains are not impacted by rates. Fluctuations in our gains are the result of volume and mix, not interest rates. Our securitization transactions are fundamentally purchase and sale arrangements in which we typically buy receivables from clients only after we have an agreed upon sale price from our securitization partner. We then close the purchase and sale either simultaneously or typically within a short period utilizing a rate lock to minimize interest rate risk. We do not use warehouse lines, nor do we typically hold these investments unhedged on our balance sheet, exposing ourselves to changes in rates prior to the receivables being sold. For example, in 2021 and 2022 year to date, over two-thirds of our securitization transactions have been simultaneous or hedged, and the majority of the remainder had less than 30 days unhedged exposure. It is also important to note that these transactions occur outside of the ABS market. and are not impacted by the dynamics and volatility of the ABS capital markets. These are bilateral arrangements with partners, primarily life insurance companies, that have transacted with us over multiple decades, including under a variety of interest rate and macroeconomic conditions. Therefore, this remains a flexible and resilient component of the business that is not subject to meaningful market risks. in 2021 we recorded 80 million of gain on sale and fees reflecting a 23 percent increase from 2020. we are on track to duplicate that outstanding level of gains and fees in 2022 despite rates being much higher further evidence these gains are not rate sensitive turning to slide 11 we are pleased to highlight our successful recent debt transaction Subsequent to quarter end, we closed a $383 million three-year term loan A arranged by J.P. Morgan and including six total banks. It bears a credit spread of 222.5 basis points above term SOFR, which can be reduced based on carbon count thresholds. When combined with the $600 million bank revolver we closed in the first quarter, we have successfully raised approximately $1 billion of bank debt in 2022. This support from the banks underscores the strength of our business model and our long-term predictable cash flows. These bank facilities have allowed us to pre-fund a meaningful portion of our expected 2023 investment fundings, while avoiding the currently volatile public debt markets, further evidence of the resiliency of our business and our ability to weather market disruptions. In the third quarter, we issued $49 million of equity at an average price of $36.85, With all these transactions, our current liquidity has improved even further and is over $1.2 billion on a pro forma basis. Our fixed rate debt percentage was 93% at quarter end and is expected to decrease modestly at year end due to the term loan A. We also continue to manage our leverage in a consistent range and our debt to equity ratio was 1.7 times at year end. Please note we have an updated cash sources and uses slide on page 15 in the appendix in the format that we began utilizing in the second quarter, reflecting that net cash collections remain well above the dividend. And the $158 million of year-to-date excess cash collections can be utilized to fund new, higher-yielding investments, further reducing our reliance on external funding. In summary, it was another quarter of strong growth in earnings and net investment income. The portfolio is performing as expected, and our liquidity profile remains excellent. And with that, I'll turn the call back over to Jeff.
Armstrong
Great job. Thanks, Jeff. Turning to slide 12, an update on our ESG activity includes finalizing an improved carbon count methodology and kicking off our business partner ESG engagement program. And we're very pleased to have Beth Artisano join our board and audit committee. Beth brings significant experience in the renewable fuel and transport sectors to our board. We'll wrap up on slide 13. Good businesses get tested in rough markets, and we're pleased with how we performed this quarter and this year. We believe this is due to our resilient dual-revenue business model of net investment income and securitization gains on sale. Our pipeline is growing, and yields are adjusting to the higher price of capital. This pipeline growth is driven by partnering with the best clients in the best market, Climate Solutions Investing. Despite higher interest rates, we're able to affirm our guidance for earnings and dividend growth through 2024. With that, we'll conclude our remarks and open up the line for questions. Operator?
Operator
Thank you. We will now be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. We'll take our first question from Noah Kay with Oppenheimer. Please go ahead.
Noah Kay
Thanks for taking the questions and appreciate some of these incremental slides. First, just to clarify on the securitization platform slide discussion. So, you know, there's a bilateral transaction. You're, you know, buying and selling at pretty much the same time. In a higher rate environment where the discount rate is higher, is the assumption that the spread between X and Y should expand to kind of keep the NPV constant? Is that the right way to think about it? And is that what you're effectively seeing and getting acceptance for in the market?
Armstrong
I mean, the base rates will go up on both sides. The spread may or may not go up. Typically, I've seen over the years, the last two decades we've been doing this, that spreads are proportional to the base rate. So as base rates go up, spreads go up. But that's more of an anecdote, not a law of physics. But I do want to highlight that, you know, 2008 and 2009, when markets were even more perturbed than they are now, to say the least, That was still open. The life insurance companies still have liabilities from their life insurance policies, and they still need to offset that with high-quality NAIC-1 assets that are long-dated and have a premium to the U.S. Treasury. That's what we've been able to supply over the last two decades.
Noah Kay
Very helpful. And then you mentioned in the prepared remarks that the potential value of the one-time transferability of the tax credits. Can you maybe expand on that a little bit, how that might be useful to you, how you might position yourself in terms of utilizing the transferability?
Armstrong
Good question. I mean, we're all waiting for Treasury to finalize regulations to see what it actually is. But if it's what we think it could be, it's just another way for us to solve our client problems by using our broker-dealer, whatever, to arrange the tax equity as well. We have lots of corporate relationships with tax liability. So it's an opportunity. But, again, it's a couple years out and a whole lot of details in the regulations before we'll really know what's there.
Noah Kay
Okay, great. Maybe if I could stick one more in. You know, you highlighted some of the new sustainable infrastructure investments They do have a shorter tenor versus the portfolio average. And maybe you can talk a little bit about the expected trends there. With some of these newer asset classes, I guess it makes sense to have relatively shorter tenors early on. But are some of these asset classes, in your view, maturing where we get long-term off-takes and you can kind of pair up the tenor of your investment to match those long-term PPAs?
Armstrong
Let me answer the tenor question with the cash flow. The cash flow is more front-end loaded, which when I talk about tenor, I'm talking about the weighted average life, which shortens the weighted average life. But these are not like 36-month transactions. These are you know, approximately 10 years or even longer, but with a front-end loaded cash flow. And we certainly see... Sorry, go ahead.
Noah Kay
Yeah, yeah. So, effectively, the tenor is comparable to some of your, you know, longer-dated investments, but the cash flows are more front-weighted.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Correct.
Noah Kay
Okay. All right. I think that's a helpful clarification. Thanks so much.
Operator
If you find that your question has been answered, you may remove yourself from the queue by pressing star 1 on your telephone keypad. We'll take our next question from Chris Suther with B. Riley. The floor is yours.
Chris Suther
Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question here. Maybe just on the pipeline increase to $4.5 billion, any color on how we could expect the weighting of that timeline over the next 12 months? I know it's been a challenge traditionally to predict on a quarter-to-quarter basis, but I'm curious just generally if you're seeing stuff slip into next year, given some of the incentives coming around and also the volatility we've had within rates. So I'm just kind of curious how your customers are thinking about timelines when there is kind of interest rate uncertainty that might be kind of bumping up the returns you guys would be looking to get on different projects.
Armstrong
Well, I think we talked about grid-connected solar being dominant, but the American Clean Power Association reported yesterday or today that panel shortages still plague the industry, and that's true. We think our pipeline factors in the delays with the best information available to us. And unfortunately, Chris, our ability to predict that mix of our pipeline is pretty limited. it's hard for us to detect a pattern of which transactions will mature, you know, on any reliable timeline. Again, that's why we like to have a pipeline that is multiples of what we're trying to invest annually.
Chris Suther
Okay. Got it. No, that all makes sense. Just historically, if you go back and kind of see how you guys matched up versus, you know, the 12-month pipeline on like a go-forward basis, it's it's almost always above kind of 50%. You know, if you go back to at least like 2019 or so, is that kind of a good, you know, way we should be thinking about, you know, the success rate now that the pipeline has gotten a lot bigger, or do you think it, you know, it's just kind of larger, larger size, but maybe not, you know, the same kind of success rate on a go forward basis. Do you have any sense there?
Armstrong
I think there's two answers to that question. One is a larger pipeline allows us to be a bit more selective on where we invest. Not every client adjusts to higher capital costs in precisely the same way and timing. And there's no question the market is working through higher costs throughout all supply chains, including that for capital. The flip side is we generally have programmatic clients who we expect to get our fair share of the business. 50% is not a bad estimate. We certainly are telling you that the market is growing. We expect to grow, but it would be lovely to have it be the – stay at the 50%. A lot of moving parts, however, in this industry right now, as you well know.
Chris Suther
Okay. That all makes sense. And just the last one, you guys mentioned the transferability opportunities potentially helping you out specifically. I was curious if that was just overall market or something specifically that you think you'd be able to benefit with that.
Armstrong
First of all, I think the overall provision will be a healthy one for the industry. It should, if structured correctly, should introduce more competition in tax equity, which everybody should rejoice at. I think the transferability provision might be more useful to smaller clients with smaller projects who have typically had a more challenging time getting the big tax equity suppliers to pay attention to them. So that's one, I think, of the more obvious opportunities. But I don't know any of our clients who rejoice at the prospect of negotiating on tax equity. So to the extent we can provide another solution, we'll be glad to step in there and be competitive.
Chris Suther
That makes sense. I'll hop into the queue. Thanks, guys. Thanks, Chris. Thank you.
Operator
We'll take our next question from Ben Callow with Baird. Please go ahead.
Ben Callow
Hey, guys. Good evening. Thank you. So, just with the pipeline, how should we think about the yield of the portfolio or expected? I think, Jeff, Jeffy, you kind of talked about this, the greater pipeline, you have more opportunities. Is there going to be any kind of big change in that follow up?
Armstrong
I mean, if it's a four billion dollar pipeline and let's say we add a billion dollars in a year at higher rates, but not and we're not doubling our yield, that's for sure. And Jeff Held talked about this. This is going to move relatively slowly and proportionate to the investments as well as the change in liabilities. It's not going to be a radical uptick in yields.
Neha
It's just mass of $4 billion. That's $7.4. And the amount we add each quarter and each year, that will be as we add. Said in the prepared remarks, that'll be a slow moving uptick. So don't don't don't expect anything big overnight.
Ben Callow
And you highlighted the Everest go and the zoo deal. I don't know if those were folks in the quarter, but that's about 200Million dollars. So the bulk of what you guys did. Should we expect, like, bigger chunks?
Armstrong
Actually, Ben, let me correct. The MRSCO transaction was in Q4. We talked about it on this call because of MRSCO's press release, which came out, I don't know, a year ago or so. So it's not in the Q3 number.
Ben Callow
So my question was, you know, are we doing bigger chunkier deals or still trying to – focus on kind of like mid-teen deal size?
Armstrong
Yeah. I mean, nothing has fundamentally changed in the way we're investing. We'll have some larger investments. I think there are three assets in the Amoresco portfolio, so we would consider those three separate projects. But, no, nothing has changed that says we're going to be writing, you know, single project checks in the multi-hundred dollar range.
Ben Callow
The last question is just on the debt financing so you get credit for carbon reduction. Can you talk about maybe if there was other or how that deal was processed and if they came to you, or you went to them, and how you got paid for debt, for carbon reduction, or considered for that. So it seems maybe.
Neha
Sure. Okay. Well, this is in a category, to answer the second part of the question, of sustainability-linked debt. So a lot of the banks now, in order to provide incentive to address climate change will lower the rate based on thresholds that they establish for that particular client. In our case, we already have a metric carbon count. So if we maintain carbon count at a certain level, we do get a reduction in the interest rate on the loan. To the first part of the question, it comes out of just ongoing dialogue we have with our bank partners. We have a great relationship with a number of banks, as evidenced by our revolver in this transaction. And in talking about various funding alternatives, we mutually arrived at the notion of a syndicated term loan A in this particular capital markets environment being an optimal solution for us right now. So it was a joint dialogue. It wasn't necessarily one party coming to the other. Thank you.
Operator
As a reminder, if you would like to ask a question, you may press star 1 to join the queue. If you find that your question has been asked, you may press star 1 to remove yourself from the queue. We'll take our next question from Julian Dumoulin-Smith with Bank of America. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Jillian, you might check your mute button. We're having a hard time hearing you. For now, we'll move on to our next question from Jeff Osborne with Cowan & Company. Please go ahead.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Yeah, good evening, guys. A couple questions on my end. I was curious with the changes in the IRA and given how typically, in particular in grid scale, you folks come in late to the equation. Are you seeing any projects being delayed as people await guidance from Treasury or possibly moving from ITC to PTC?
Armstrong
First, Jeff, first, hi. I would say every one of our projects lead list, projects on our lead list gets delayed at some point in this life cycle. So the honest answer is yes, everything gets delayed. I wouldn't say that there's anything, any pattern in the delays right now that would be related to the IRA. I think there was a lot of consternation over whether there would be an IRA and a lot of analysts had to do infinite runs on ITC versus PTC, the clarity that the IRA provides has, I think, break that log jam. So now we're seeing some projects go forward with the clarity of tax policy. I think any delays are going to be on transferability and things like that where there is no Treasury regulations to implement.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Got it. It's helpful. And then I think you want to make sure I understand what's going on here. Right. You mentioned six hundred and twenty million of previously closed transactions is sort of locked and loaded in the pipeline. And that's one of the rationales for the funding. And is all of that in calendar twenty three. So if we were to assume you're to do roughly one and a quarter to one and a half billion, are you about halfway through maybe the low end of that range if you're in that typical funded volume commitment range? I'm just trying to think about visibility in the 23 at this point.
Neha
So as a reminder, closed transactions and the unfunded amounts related to them, from a reporting perspective, when we say transactions closed, like this quarter we said 273, that doesn't mean that's what's funded. And this is what's remaining to be funded from transactions we've already announced. Not all of it will be in 23, probably some of it. will be in 22, but as Jeff said, that's always subject to change anyway. It's very hard to necessarily identify when things are going to close, but some of it may be in 22. But I wouldn't make that incrementally related to the amount of the pipeline that we expect to close in earlier questions that we'd answered. This is completely separate from that. These transactions have already closed.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Got it. And then if I could sneak one more in on the newer areas, great to see the bus and the R&G market, something we've been looking for for a while from you folks. And I get the cash flow dynamics. I wanted to understand two things. One is what the yield of those types of efforts are. And then B would be, is there any type of, you know, accelerated risk or elevated risk relative to typical, you know, PPA structures? For example, in the bus space, There are several companies out there that essentially are arbitraging energy, more vehicle-to-grid setups, in particular over the summer months as well as during the day when school buses aren't moving. And so are you a bit more exposed to, say, merchant electricity prices or someone's software platform exercising those efforts? I'm not that familiar with Zoom, who you made the investment with. So if you could just highlight what potential risks there are with some of these newer areas would be helpful.
Armstrong
Sure, I'll make a couple points. As you know, we haven't been the first movers in RNG or fleet modernization, and that's intentional. We like to go slow, and then when we do get in, we like to be senior while we learn how the assets perform, and we are. I think it's fair to say we're not, still not the sportiest kind of capital around, and intentionally trying to not take on risks we probably don't understand. In terms of pricing, we'd rather not talk about individual transaction pricing, but the Amoresco press release does include pricing, and we like to assume we have not disclosed.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
That's helpful. Appreciate it, Jeff. All right.
Operator
We'll take our next question from Julian Dumoulin-Smith with Bank of America. Your line is now open.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Round two always works. Thanks, guys. I appreciate it. Listen, I want to just ask, first off, going back a little bit to what was talked about before, I wanted to hear you a little bit on the timing, right? I mean, we talked about the spread at times, and obviously you guys hit that squarely in the remarks. Can we talk about sort of how you think about the sort of the step up in rates and how that filters into your financing costs relative to how that sort of transposing itself in asset return sort of in an incremental way, not across the portfolio? Can you talk to that a little bit of expectations across the next several quarters in what we should be seeing? Is one going to outpace the other just given the large duration across both?
Neha
So, Julian, I would characterize them both as moving slowly as we move through the next few quarters. Again, underlying our portfolio yield and underlying our cost of funds is a large portfolio and quite a bit of debt. So as we incrementally close transactions and issue new debt, it's not going to have an overly dramatic impact on either of those numbers this will take time and so as we move through the next few quarters i would expect very slow upward movements in both of those figures yeah or maybe just to clarify a little bit like how much of an uptick are you seeing in sort of the incremental assets coming in here obviously the the cost of debt is a little bit more transparent but
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
How quickly has the market responded on asset returns? It sounds like it's been pretty dramatic in terms of asset returns as well, from what you're kind of implying there, right? Again, I obviously take your mental on both sides. Yeah, I wouldn't say dramatic.
Armstrong
Julian, I wouldn't say dramatic. We might want it to be dramatic, but sometimes the performers are baked and you push where you can and get some more pricing. I think the more constructive set of conversations we're having are on the projects that have not been fully priced and baked, and that's where we're having, you know, not everybody gets the memo at the same day on what happened to the market, and these aren't the easiest of discussions, but we are definitely expressing the need, and I think our clients are hearing the need, for increased pricing. It won't be, as Jeff said, something that's going to tick up the yields by 100 basis points on the overall portfolio in a few quarters. It's just mathematically not in the cards.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Yeah, no, clearly across the portfolio. That'll take some time. Excellent. And then can you talk a little bit about what the IRA affords in terms of new asset classes? I mean, I'm just curious, as the dust settles here, you guys have clearly been looking at a wide array. You guys are clearly looking past tense at a wider array than many other diversified renewal companies out there. What are you seeing to get into today as being attractive or sort of niche-y in opportunity, if you will, coming out of this? given the array outside of just traditional wind and solar for IRA.
Armstrong
So RNG is a good example of a market that's been around. Nextera had a great announcement. A number of other great companies are in this. The LCFS credits, while not a part of the Amoresco project necessarily because they were – almost completely landfill gas, does afford us an opportunity to go deeper into the RNG market. The ITC on storage is one we're interested in, in that it makes standalone storage projects more viable. I don't think we're on the cusp of closing any standalone storage projects yet, but those would be the two areas that I would highlight.
Julian Dumoulin - Smith
Excellent. Well, thank you guys for the time. Speak to you soon. Thanks, Julie.
Operator
There are no further questions at this time. Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for your participation. This does conclude today's teleconference.
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