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Operator
three of which are noted on this slide. First, it will reduce our reliance on capital markets, which have experienced a high level of volatility over the past four years. Going forward, we will obtain 50% of the funding for the investments in CCH1 outside of the capital markets, substantially reducing our risk to market disruptions. Second, CCH1 will allow us to increase our investment capacity and ultimately accelerate our growth in managed assets. This additional capacity is coming at a perfect time as forecasts of energy demand continue to be revised upward, with a large portion expected to be renewable and other sustainable sources. Our additional access to capital will allow us to meet the growing needs of our clients as they continue to move forward with projects that are required to meet this increased demand. And third, CCH1 will provide more diversity to our income statement, with stable free revenue to complement our net investment income and gain on sale income. The result of these and other benefits of the partnership is an even more dynamic and resilient HACI that is well positioned for long-term success. Turning to page six, I'll speak about CCH1 in a little more detail. It is structured with 50% ownership by each of HACI and one of KKR's core infrastructure funds. HACI will source the investments for CCH1 consistent with our existing strategy. In fact, we are not making any changes to our investment strategy as part of this arrangement. This transaction can be viewed as an endorsement of our existing strategy and the attractiveness of the diverse portfolio that we're able to originate. We will continue to interface with our clients, both before and after an investment has closed, consistent with current practice. Each party has made a $1 billion commitment to CCH1, and we expect the $2 billion to be deployed over approximately 18 months. Two investments closed by HACI totaling just under $200 million in commitments are being utilized to seed the partnership at formation. As compensation for sourcing and managing the investments, HACI will be paid fees by CCH1. It's fundamentally a simple structure that allows both HACI and KKR to focus on their respective core competencies and allow the partnership to benefit accordingly. More detailed information regarding CCH1 is provided in an FAQ in the appendix to the earnings materials. Now I'll turn it over to Mark Panger.
Mark Panger
Thank you, Jeff. I'll start on slide seven. We have increased our 12-month pipeline to greater than $5.5 billion. Demand growth continues to drive investment opportunity in all of our markets. While AI is the latest trend, electrification and resiliency are long-term themes driven by a multitude of factors, including decarbonization goals, increasing extreme weather events, and the increasing reliance on electricity. We see these themes materialized in our pipeline, our client's pipeline, and the underlying demand for energy transition assets. As identified on the right, there has been notable growth in our pipeline for community solar, grid-connected solar, and renewable fuels, while other asset classes, including residential solar, have remained consistent with prior quarters. In Q1, we closed 562 million of transactions across six different asset classes, with an average yield for on-balance sheet investments of approximately 10.5%. Moving on to slide eight. Before I jump into the slide, I'd like to highlight one change in naming convention. Our non-GAAP metric was previously referred to as distributable, which was a term adopted by REITs. Given our move away from the REIT structure, we'll be using adjusted on a go-forward basis. The definition is unchanged. Our adjusted EPS increased by 28% -over-year to 68 cents. Adjusted NAI grew by 37% to 64 million. A significant contributor to earnings growth in Q1 is higher gain on sale, fees, and securitization income, which totaled 35 million, an 81% increase -over-year. As a reminder, gain on sale is variable quarter to quarter, and we expect gain on sale during the guidance window to be consistent compared to 22 and 23. On the right, given the updates Jeff provided on CCH1, we are reorganizing our top-line metrics into three different categories. The presentation of NII is unchanged. In future periods, income relating to our 50% ownership in CCH1 will be reflected here. We will split our income streams relating to our capital light activities into recurring and upfront. Recurring will be comprised of securitization income and ongoing CCH1 management fees. Upfront will be comprised of gain on sale, fees, and upfront CCH1 fees. Turning to slide nine, we show impressive growth in both portfolio and managed assets. Our portfolio grew by 36% -over-year, 6.4 billion, while managed assets grew 24% to 12.8 billion. In future periods, our 50% ownership in CCH1 will be included in our portfolio, while the full balance will be included in managed assets. The growth of our investments is the testament to the strength of our programmatic origination platform. On page 10, we've added ROE to our margin chart given the expansion of our capital light activity. ROE has increased this quarter primarily due to the gain on sale discussed in slide eight. As it relates to portfolio yield and debt costs, we are showing a temporary compression due to the newly issued debt and the time delay to fully deploy these funds. This dynamic was expected and it's been factored into guidance. I'll add that we continue to see elevated returns for new transactions, with Q1 transactions coming in approximately at 10.5%. Turning to slide 11, we highlight our robust funding platform that underpins business growth. With over 800 million in liquidity, minimal near-term debt maturities, and a leverage ratio of 1.9 times, our liquidity and liability management is evident. Our interest rate risk management has ensured 97% of our debt is fixed or hedged, while also managing future refinancing rate exposure. Alongside the strong execution in the first quarter, we further strengthened the debt platform with an upsize and extension of three bank facilities, our Revolver, Terminone, and CP facility. This aggregates to a borrowing capacity of greater than 1.6 billion, and the maturity extensions are detailed in the box on the lower right. With our activities this year, we have provided ourselves the flexibility to opportunistically approach the debt markets for further 2025 REFI extensions. With that, I'll turn the call back to Jeff.
Operator
Thanks, Mark. On page 12, we share a few sustainability and impact highlights from the first quarter. We published our best in class 2023 Sustainability and Impact Report, donated two and a half million dollars to the Hasse Foundation to support climate justice initiatives, and achieved independent verification of scope three category 15 emissions. Let's wrap up on slide 13. Our strategy continues to produce strong results despite the higher interest rate environment, and other real or perceived headwinds. The elevated demand for energy will continue to facilitate an emphasis on supply, particularly from renewable and sustainable sources, which will create increasing opportunities for the business to invest. The CCH1 transaction is the optimal structure with an ideal partner and is occurring at the perfect time, allowing us to scale our business. On our Investor Day, we discussed reducing our reliance on equity raises. And last quarter, we discussed the trajectory of our payout ratio and our intention to retain more capital as one step in this direction. Today's announcement is another significant step in that direction as we continue down the path of executing on our stated goals. Today, Hasse is a powerful enterprise and better position for long-term success with an even more diversified access to capital. I thank our outstanding team for closing the CCH1 transaction and several other important initiatives this quarter. And I welcome our new partners from KKR as we jointly provide capital to the energy transition. That concludes our prepared remarks. Operator, please open the line for questions.
Mark
Thank you. We will now be conducting a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it would be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. Our first question is from Noah Kay with Oppenheimer & Company.
Noah Kay
All right, well thanks for taking the questions. And congratulations on closing the investment with, the structure with KKR. And I think the FAQ that you provided in the appendix is really helpful. So that avoids me having to ask those questions. But I will ask one question related to the structure, which is, is there any color we can get on the kind of the yield or return profile threshold for investments that would go into the structure? Are there any stipulations or parameters that we should think about for the types of investments that will go in?
Operator
Thanks Noah for the question. I think the best way to think about the structure is that it'll be very consistent with the HACI underwriting across the board, including risk and yield. And so I don't think you should think about CCH1 as having a different yield than our balance sheet otherwise would have. So we're really not changing our outlook on the business or the way we source investments.
Noah
Okay,
Noah Kay
question around the balance sheet and specifically the real estate investments. The balance sheet real estate investments have kind of gone from 350 million in two Q down to almost nothing. And just, can you give us a little bit more color on the rationale for unwinding the exposure there and whether or not real estate as an asset class is one that you will continue to add to? Certainly it seems like a lot of the unbalanced sheet going forward will be equity method, but just trying to get some color.
Mark Panger
Thanks Noah. Yes, we continue to seek new investments within the solar real estate asset class and like that asset class great deal. New assets that are originated today in that asset class are generally securitized. They are relative to what goes onto our balance sheet today, somewhat low yielding and somewhat highly levered. And so that is a much better asset to go through our securitization program. And what you're seeing on the reduction in real estate on the balance sheet is us rotating out of those on balance sheet programs into the securitization platform.
Noah Kay
Yeah, and at the same time, just to sneak one more in, you did grow your financing receivables balance, right? So that suggests that that asset class you're still finding opportunities to get the kind of yield that you spoke to, that you referenced in your prepared remarks. Just trying to understand the types of receivables that would carry these types of rates.
Mark Panger
Sure, when it's receivables, it really just goes into our loan bucket, which is applicable really to all of our asset
Operator
classes. Yeah, I would say just to even take that step further, most of what we do in ResiSolar, for instance, most of what we do in R&G are loan informed and therefore will show up in the receivables line in the balance
Noah Kay
sheet. Very helpful, I'll pass it on. Thank
Mark
you. Thank you, our next question is from Chris Souther with the Riley.
Chris Souther
Hey guys, thanks for taking my questions here. Just on the elevated gain on sale in the quarter, is that related to KKR or the real estate sales as the driver there? I just wanted to kind of see what had caused the elevated numbers there in the quarter.
Operator
Chris, it was more the latter. The KKR transaction just closed and had no impact on the first quarter. And we'll have no impact going forward on the gain on sale line. So a big part of that was what Mark spoke about a moment ago, rotating some of these real estate investments from on balance sheet to off balance sheet.
Chris Souther
Got it, okay, that makes sense. And then, as we're looking at kind of the economics of the KKR partnership, the FAQ is obviously very helpful, but should we think about the origination and management fees with that partnership as similar to the securitization business has been historically or is it materially different? And then just kind of follow up around that. You mentioned on the last call and then again on this call, not needing incremental gain on sale. So I guess KKR upfront origination doesn't count as gain on sale, but I kind of took that to mean episodic upfront revenue was not gonna be the main driver around the guidance going out to 2026. So I'm just kind of curious, the episodic upfront stuff is just between now and the end of 2025. So the reason it doesn't change 2026 is because it would all be set up by the end of 2025 or am I thinking about that incorrectly with the timing?
Operator
All right, Chris, there are a few things in there to unpack. I'll maybe answer the first part of the question and Mark can answer the second part. So the first part of the question, there's no relationship between the gain on sale fees and the orientation and size of those fees and the fees related to CCH1. One is very market driven around the yield on the underlying investment versus the cost of funds from the life code that we work with and it is variable depending on those factors. The fees in this vehicle are generally fixed in nature where we'll get an upfront fee for each investment and we will get a management fee based on the balance, which presumably will go up over time. So I wouldn't in any way equate those. To the second part of your question, I'll let Mark answer that.
Mark Panger
Sure, so Chris, I think you're referring to my commentary where I identified the gain on sale remains variable and also tied our forecast to the guidance window and the main message we're trying to communicate there is we continue to forecast a consistent level of gain on sale as it relates to guidance and while we have a elevated amount of gain on sale this quarter, just by nature of the income stream, it is lumpy by nature and we'll move up and down quarter by quarter.
Chris Souther
Okay, got it, that's helpful. I'll open the queue, thanks guys.
Mark
Thanks, Chris. Our next question is from Mahip Manloey with Mizuno.
Mahip Manloey
Hi, Jack Herrilli here online from Mahip. Slack 15 of the deck provides a lot of the detail on the CCH1 partnership and answers a lot of the initial questions, so thanks for that. The key question remaining is if the three-year guidance includes any of the other similar transactions with other private infrastructure capital providers and also does the KKR transaction impact any of your equity or debt needs?
Operator
Well, to the first part of the question, we wouldn't need to close on any other co-investment partnerships in order to achieve our guidance. I think the point I was making was a transaction like this was already contemplated so it doesn't change our existing guidance. To the second part of the question, which sorry, I'm not forgetting.
Mahip Manloey
Does it impact your equity or debt? Oh,
Operator
the equity needs, yeah, okay. So I think a simple framework for that is that it's a 50-50 partnership. Without this partnership, all those investments would have gone on our balance sheet. So a strong man of that is it reduces our equity needs by 50%, is I think the best way to think about that.
Mahip Manloey
Okay, thanks a lot. If I may, one more follow-up. How should we think about the economics around the transaction with other structures that you, for you guys? And then we keep hearing about a lot of renewable projects, construction's being pushed out by a few quarters for various regions, interconnection challenges and other things. Are you guys seeing any impact to your pipeline because of this and does that require you to move focus more to the behind the meter segment, for example?
Operator
Well, maybe I'll take the second part of the question first and Mark can take the first part. So we are seeing periodic and episodic delays in certain projects, but it's not been material. We tend to work with the largest developers who've had less challenges than some others. And some of the transactions we do are also capital recycling. So the project is already built and they're simply recycling capital into the next project so you wouldn't have any delays there. So any delays we're seeing aren't material to our revenue, aren't causing us to reconsider our guidance. So they've been relatively minor. And I'll let Mark answer the other part of the question.
Mark Panger
Sure, and just I think the question was just generally around the economics of CCH1. And to reiterate what Jeff said, it's a very simple 50-50 structure. And so whatever investment would have gone onto our balance sheet that instead goes into the CCH1 partnership will earn 50% of that through our ownership interest. And then in addition to that be paid, again, some upfront and ongoing management fees. Thanks, I'll hop back in the queue.
Jeff
Thank you.
Mark
Our next question is from Mark Strauss with JP Morgan.
Noah
Hi, this is Michael Fairbanks on for Mark. Thanks for taking our questions. On CCH1, is there any color you can provide on how the exclusivity piece works? Also, I know it doesn't change the overall investment strategy here, but is there a certain asset class within the portfolio that this structure is best suited for or is it more kind of all-encompassing?
Operator
I would say it's more all-encompassing. The exclusivity we would describe as limited exclusivity, I think you should think of it as we're showing them most of what we are sourcing for the balance sheet. And they are in some cases committed based on some pre-agreed upon criteria. And in other cases have the ability to decline transactions. And in those cases, we can do them on our own. So I think
Jeff
that's the framework. Great, thank you. Thank you. Our next question is
Mark
from David Sunderland with Baird.
David Sunderland
Hey Mark, hey Jeff. Thanks for the time. Appreciate you taking the question. Surprise, surprise, another KKR question. I just wanted to ask if in the guide, or you noted that in the guide, there was a joint investment that was already contemplated in the guidance. Maybe was it forecasted that this would come to fruition as early as it did, or maybe any details you can share about how this came to be? What would be helpful? I have one quick follow up.
Operator
Sure David, thanks for the question. I think the main point there is that by the time we were issuing our guidance in the February call, we were engaged in early conversation with KKR, and we were able to model what we thought the partnership would become, and include it in that guidance number. So now that it closed, we don't need to change it. I think that's the key point.
David Sunderland
Okay, good, that makes sense. And then lastly, I think no one may have already asked this, so apologies for the repeat, but just wanted to clarify, is there any different risk threshold, or any other, I guess, restrictions or outlines for the assets in that TCH1 that we should contemplate? Thank you.
Operator
Thanks for the question, and definitely not. So I'll go back to what I said in the prepared remarks, that our business and the way we source underwrite investments, the way we price risk is all unchanged, and this in many ways is an endorsement of that strategy, and that the objective here is to have HACI do what it's always done, and allow KKR to participate in that business, not change the business. So that's the way to think about it.
David Sunderland
Okay, that's great. Thanks, Jeff. Congrats, guys. Thank you, thank you.
Mark
Ladies and gentlemen, we have reached the end of the question and answer session, and are out of time for today's call. Thank you for your participation. You may disconnect your lines at this time.
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