Lockheed Martin Corporation

Good day and welcome everyone to the Lockheed Martin fourth quarter and full year 2025 earnings results conference call. Today's call is being recorded. If you would like to ask a question, please press star then one now. At this time for opening remarks and introductions, I would like to turn the call over to Maria Richard-Own, Vice President, Treasurer and Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thanks, Sarah. Good morning, everyone. I'd like to welcome you to our fourth quarter and full year 2025 earnings conference call. Joining me today on the call are Jim Taklett, our Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer, and Evan Scott, our Chief Financial Officer. Statements made today that are not historical fact are considered forward-looking statements and are made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of federal securities laws. Actual results may differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Please see Lockheed Martin's SEC filings for a description of some of the factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statement. We posted charts on the website today that we plan to address during the call to supplement our comments. These charts also include information regarding non-GAAP measures that may be used in today's call. Please access our website at www.lockheedmartin.com and click on the Investor Relations link to view and follow the charts. With that, I'll turn the call over to Jim.

Thanks, Maria. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us on our fourth quarter and full year 2025 earnings call. As you saw in our press release this morning, 2025 marked unprecedented demand for Lockheed Martin's industry-leading defense technologies. We finished the year with record high backlog of $194 billion, about two and a half times annual sales. and delivered 6% year-over-year sales growth. We also generated free cash flow of $6.9 billion, which was above our prior expectation and after we pre-funded our pension at almost $900 million. We also made a significant $3.5 billion investment in capital and independent research and development in support of transformative innovation. and increased production capacity. This strong financial performance is a direct result of our team's relentless focus on operational execution. Some examples of this from 2025, including delivering 191 F-35 fighter jets, 620 PAC-3 MSC interceptors, both record numbers. We also pioneered over-the-air updates to the Aegis weapon system, for real-time battlefield advantages using AI, and successfully launched GPS-3 and Tranche-1 transport layer satellites to strengthen national security architectures in space. This is what you can expect from Lockheed Martin, continued significant investment to advance technology development and produce proven major weapon systems at ever greater scale. We've built on this momentum with a powerful start to 2026. Lockheed Martin products once again proved critical to the U.S. military's most demanding missions. The recent Operation Absolute Resolve included F-35 and F-22 fighter jets, RQ-170 Sentinel stealth drones, and Sikorsky Black Hawk helicopters, which helped ensure mission success while bringing the men and women of our armed forces home safely. In addition, we worked closely with the Department of War Leadership to reach the landmark seven-year framework agreement for PAC-3 NFC interceptors that we together announced earlier in January. This groundbreaking agreement was just the first step in bringing commercial business practices to large-scale production within the defense industrial base. And progress continues as we just announced this morning a similar framework agreement for the THAAD interceptor along with additional systems from our industry colleagues also being discussed this week. As the first implementation of such a long-term multi-year agreement, the PAC-3 MSE will increase annual production capacity from approximately 600 to 2,000 per year. That's more than tripling the production rate to support U.S. forces, allies, and partner nations in today's increasingly unsettled geopolitical environment. These types of agreements fully support the Department of War's acquisition transformation strategy, and we look forward to continuing our partnership with the U.S. government to definitize the contract and unleash a renewed era of innovation, accountability, and execution across the defense industrial base. In fact, I am in Tandon, Arkansas today, which is where we build PAC-3 MSC missiles and other munitions. Lockheed Martin has produced more than 700,000 missiles and rockets here in Camden. We've been steadily increasing PAC-3 MSC production since 2023, more than 60% over the last two years alone. And the progress we've already made will give us the critical head start in ramping up to 2,000 per year. And further, we intend to make a multibillion-dollar investment to accelerate munition production over the next three years, including building facilities across five states, such as in Camden, Arkansas, with a brand-new Munitions Acceleration Center facility breaking ground today. I was also recently in Fort Worth with Secretary of War Pete Hexeth, visiting the F-35 production line as part of his Arsenal of Freedom industry tour. The visit underscored Lockheed Martin's role in driving acquisition transformation, and delivering critical capabilities to the U.S. and its allies. Our mile-long Fort Worth facility employs more than 19,000 people, and over 1,900 suppliers across the United States contribute to the F-35 supply chain, providing skilled jobs to many thousands more Americans nationwide. Together, these talented Lockheed Martin and supplier employees enable an F-35 production rate that is five times faster than any other allied fighter currently in production, highlighting the program's scale and maturity. With regard to our 2026 financial outlook, we expect year-over-year sales growth to be approximately 5% at the midpoint, with the year-over-year reported segment operating profit growth to be more than 25%. Free cash flows anticipated to be in the range of $6.5 to $6.8 billion, which is well above our prior expectation and includes a year-over-year increase in investment of about 35%, with capital and independent research and development approaching $5 billion in 2026, which is a step-function increase in internal investment. Given the size and scope of Lockheed Martin, in 2026, we will continue our disciplined and dynamic approach to capital allocation, enabling the step function increase in internal investment to fund capacity and growth. Evan will provide more detail on our 2026 outlook in a moment. Turning to our programs and highlights, first on the F-35 and during the fourth quarter, we delivered 48 F-35 aircraft, bringing total deliveries in 2025, as I said, to 191, beating our own expectations. As noted earlier, Lockheed Martin ended the year with record backlog, and the largest awards in the quarter were with the F-35 program. We definitized Lot 18 and 19 contract with the Department of War's Joint Program Office. We were awarded the Fiscal Year 26 Air Vehicle Sustainment Contract, and we received a contract modification in support of lots 20 and 21 production aircraft. These awards total over $15 billion and reinforce the continued demand for the most advanced fighter jet by both domestic and global customers. For example, in October, Belgium's first F-35A aircraft to be stationed in country arrived at Florence Air Base, marking the F-35's official incorporation into the Belgian Air Force. In December, senior U.S. and Finnish officials gathered at our Fort Worth facility to celebrate the rollout of Finland's first F-35. In 2026, we will make further investments in the program to advance its position as the world's most capable multirole fighter with a focus on making further progress on Block IV capability improvements. We've also committed to an additional $1 billion of strategic internal investment for the F-35, with an emphasis on the aircraft sustainment system to improve mission-capable rates across the fleet. This is an absolute priority for us and one we are working closely with the Department of War on. Also in aeronautics, we are making investments in the most advanced technologies, such as unmanned systems. At Lockheed Martin Skunk Works, with industry partners in the U.S. Air Force, we together demonstrated the capability to control a drone wingman from the cockpit of an F-22, the first time ever that a fifth-generation fighter showed the ability to control an uncrewed vehicle in flight together. Further at Skunk Works and in partnership with NASA, we successfully completed the first flight of the experimental X-59 aircraft in October. This is a revolutionary, quiet subsonic aircraft designed to pave the way for faster commercial air travel, even over land. At MSC, we continue to experience unprecedented demand across many critical munitions. We were awarded a contract for 31 THAAD interceptors and secured the largest production contract to date for the infrared search and track ERS-21 Block II POT system. This brings fifth-generation sensors and data links to fourth-generation aircraft. At RMS in November, Secretary Hexeth remotely piloted an autonomous Black Hawk from DARPA headquarters. This AI-enabled unmanned helicopter technology will enable critical missions such as contested logistics, air evacuation, and even wildfire fighting without putting pilots and air crews at risk. And speaking of amazing technology, we successfully used a shipboard laser system, Lockheed Martin's Helios. to knock an incoming UAV right out of the sky. The Helios weapon system successfully neutralized four drone threats in a U.S. Navy-operated counter-UAS zone demonstration at sea, showcasing an opportunity to eliminate drone attacks using lasers and saving U.S. and allied air defense missiles for more advanced threats. This development of laser weapon systems is just one example of Lockheed Martin's support of the Homeland Defense mission, including Golden Dome for America. We also continue to collaborate with government and industry in our prototyping environment at our Center for Innovation in Virginia to support the command and control aspects of Golden Dome. We're also, as mentioned earlier, making substantial investments to rapidly increase production capacity across missiles, sensor suites, battle management systems and satellites, as well as the rapid development of space-based interceptors that will be directly relevant to achieving the overall objective for Golden Dome. Also in the quarter, the Space Development Agency awarded Lockheed Martin Space a contract for 18 satellites for its Tranche 3 tracking layer constellation with a potential value of more than a billion dollars. These satellites will provide next-generation missile tracking capabilities for the FDA's proliferated warfighter space architecture. Finally, on the U.S. defense budget, as the FY26 appropriations process unfolds amid this dynamic geopolitical environment, there continues to be broad support for national defense initiatives from the administration, the Department of War, and Congress. Lockheed Martin's core programs remain fundamental to defense priorities, such as PAC-3 missiles for homeland security and for forward force security as well, the F-35 fighter jet for air dominance, the CH-53K heavy lift helicopter for contested logistics, and the fleet ballistic missile for the nuclear triad. We remain fully focused on converting our backlog and partnering with our U.S. customers, as well across defense and commercial industries, to deliver the systems and solutions necessary for global security and deterrence, and to keep our soldiers, sailors, airmen, and guardians safe in doing their missions. I'll now turn it over to Evan before we take your questions.

Thank you, Jim, and good morning, everyone. Today, I'll provide an overview of our consolidated financial results for the fourth quarter and full year, then hand off to Maria, who will cover business story details, and I'll come back at the end to discuss the outlook. 2025 was a transformative year for Lockheed Martin. Backlog grew $17.3 billion, or 17%, and included significant awards for key programs such as F-35, PAC-3, Chasm Larasm, and CH-53K, providing better visibility through the end of the decade. We generated over $9 billion of underlying operating cash flow before making $860 million of discretionary pension contributions, and $860 we took the necessary steps to reduce risk on aeronautics and Sikorsky programs in the second quarter, positioning these programs to deliver much-needed capabilities to our customers. Moving to chart four, fourth quarter consolidated sales were $20.3 billion, up 9%, with strong year-over-year growth coming from all four business areas as our core programs continue to build momentum and the much-anticipated growth inflection begins to take shape. Next, segment operating profit of $2.1 billion in the quarter was up considerably year over year due to the charges on the aeronautics and MSC classified programs in the fourth quarter of last year. Segment operating profit margins were 10.1% in the quarter. As we expected, program milestone timing and life cycles led to a light quarter of favorable profit rate adjustments. We generated $5.80 of earnings per share in the quarter, which included a non-cash, non-operating charge of $479 million related to the follow-on pension transaction, partially offset by a $109 million benefit due to the favorable resolution of tax accounting issues. On a year-over-year basis, EPS was up significantly due to the prior year charges. Shifting to cash, we generated $2.8 billion of free cash flow in the fourth quarter as we continue to rapidly deliver capabilities to customers, achieving operational milestones that triggered strong cash receipts. Moving to chart five in the full year, sales of $75 billion were up 6%, driven by strong growth in missiles and fire control, aeronautics, and space. Segment operating profit of $6.7 billion grew approximately 11% year-over-year. Recall, both periods included significant charges. On a normalized basis, segment operating profit grew in line with sales. Regarding new business, the company recorded over $65 billion in orders during the second half of the year, bringing the full year booked bill to 1.2%. resulting in a record backlog of $194 billion to end 2025, the fourth consecutive year of backlog growth. This demonstrates the resilient global demand for Lockheed Martin's capabilities. Our earnings per share was $21.49 in 2025, down 4% from the prior year. While our sales growth and slightly higher reported margins drove segment profits higher, This was more than offset by below-the-line items, including increased interest expense, a higher tax rate, and higher operating fast cash expense. Shifting to cash, the strong fourth quarter collections exceeded our prior expectations, helping us to deliver over $6.9 billion of free cash flow in 2025. And we reinvested $3.6 billion back into the business to drive innovation into our solutions and more rapidly scale technologies for our customers. Now we'll turn it over to Maria.

Thanks, Evan. Starting with aeronautics on chart six. First quarter sales at Arrow increased 6% year over year, primarily driven by higher sales on classified programs due to the absence of losses recognized in Q4 of 2024. Higher volume and favorable contract mix for the F-35 program also contributed to the increase. Adjusting for the impacts of the classified program charges and the C-5 contract resolution benefit in last year's fourth quarter, the adjusted sales growth at Arrow was approximately 4% year-over-year in the quarter. Segment operating profit increased 80% compared to Q4 2024. Driven by higher profit booking rate adjustments, due to the absence of classified reach forward losses recognized in last year's fourth quarter. Higher sales volume in Q4 of 2025 also contributed to the year over year increase. Adjusting for the classified charges and the C5 claim resolution benefit in Q4 of last year, Arrow operating profit year over year increased slightly in the quarter. For the full year, Sales increased 6% to $30.3 billion, driven by higher F-35 production and sustainment volume, partially offset by lower volume on classified programs. Full-year segment operating profit at Arrow decreased 17%, driven by lower profit booking rate adjustments related to the classified program reach-forward losses and unfavorable profit adjustments on C-130 in 2025. This was partially offset by the higher sales volume. Adjusted to the classified program losses in both years, arrow segment operating profit growth was 4% in 2025. Arrow segment operating profit margin was 6.9% for full year 2025. Adjusted for the classified program losses, arrow segment operating profit margin was 9.9%. The photo to the right depicts the successfully completed first flight of the X-59 quiet supersonic aircraft, as Jim previously mentioned. Turning to missiles and fire control, chart seven. Sales at MFC in the quarter increased 18% from the prior year, driven by higher volumes from production ramps for precision fires programs and existing PAC-3 contracts. Segment operating profit in Q4 increased by $1.3 billion year-over-year to $535 million, primarily from the absence of the loss recognized on a classified program in the fourth quarter of 2024. The higher sales volume also contributed to the increase. For the full year, MSC sales increased by 14% to $14.5 billion, due to production ramps on JASM-Lorasm and Precision Buyers Programs, as well as existing PAC-3 contracts. Fully segment operating profit increased by $1.6 billion year-over-year, primarily driven by the absence of the $1.4 billion loss recognized on a classified program in 2024, as well as the higher sales volume. MSC's segment operating profit margin for the full year 2025 was 13.8%. You can see on the right the photo of a high-mobility artillery rocket system mobile rocket launcher, HIMARS. On November 5th, we delivered the 750th HIMARS. Shifting to rotary emission systems on chart 8, sales at RMS increased 8% year-over-year in the quarter. primarily from higher volume at Integrated Warp Systems and Sensors, IWSS, radar programs, and River Class Destroyer, formerly known as Canadian Surface Combatant. Higher production volume on Sikorsky Blackhawk programs also contributed to the increase. Operating profit in the fourth quarter decreased 9% year-over-year, mainly due to unfavorable profit adjustments on Blackhawk programs, and the absence of a benefit from an intellectual property license arrangement that occurred in the fourth quarter of 2024. This decrease was partially offset by the higher sales volume. For the full year, sales at RMS were comparable to 2024 at $17.3 billion. 2025 sales increased from higher production volume on Black Hawk programs at Sikorsky and a higher volume on the river class destroyer and radar programs at IWSS. These increases were offset by charges on the Canadian Maritime Helicopter Program, CMHP, and the Turkish Utility Helicopter Program, TUHP, that were recognized in the second quarter, as well as lower volume for various training, logistics, and simulation programs. Operating profit. at RMS decreased 31% for the year, driven by a $610 million decrease in profit booking rate adjustments, primarily due to the losses recognized on CMHP and TUHP in the second quarter. This decrease was partially offset by the absence of an unfavorable profit adjustment on Seahawk programs in 2024. Adjusting for the CMHP and TUHP program losses in 2025, RMS operating profit grew 3% year over year. RMS's segment operating profit margin was 7.6% for full year 2025. Adjusted for the CMHP and TUHP program losses, RMS segment operating profit margin was 11.3%. The photo on this page represents the fully autonomous Black Hawk helicopter, the U-Hawk. On chart nine, we'll conclude the business area discussion with FACE. Sales increased 8% year-over-year in the fourth quarter, primarily driven by higher sales volume on strategic and missile defense programs, including the Next Generation Interceptor, NGI, and Fleet Ballistic Missile, FBM, programs, as well as higher volume for the Transport Layer and Orion programs. Operating profit decreased 4% compared to Q4 2024. due to lower equity earnings from United Launch Alliance, ULA, partially offset by the higher sales volume. Turning to the full year, sales increased 4% to $13 billion, driven by higher volume on NGI, FBM, and Orion programs, partially offset by a decrease for national security space programs due to program lifecycle in the overhead persistent infrared, OPIR, missions. Operating profit increased 10% to $1.3 billion in 2025, primarily resulting from favorable at-complete performance on certain commercial civil space programs during the first half of the year, as well as the higher overall sales volume. The increase was partially offset by lower ULA equity earnings. Spaces segment operating profit margin for the full year 2025 was 10.3%. To the right on this page is a photo of the Space Development Agency Tranche 3 tracking layer constellation, which, as Jim previously mentioned, was awarded to Lockheed Martin in the fourth quarter. Now I'll turn it back over to Evan.

Thanks, Maria. Turning to TARC 10 and our 2026 outlook, we expect to carry the momentum from the second half of 2025 into this year. And it's worth noting that we continue to make progress on our digital transformation. Having recently completed the first migration, of a business area to an upgraded enterprise resource planning system to start the year. We expect this internal investment will unlock speed and drive efficiencies across the enterprise, helping us to maintain cost and schedule for customers and create value for shareholders. In 2026, we are forecasting sales to be in the range of $77.5 to $80 billion, up $3.7 billion at the midpoint, applying a solid 5% organic growth year over year. Segment operating profit is anticipated to be in the range of $8.425 to $8.675 billion, resulting in a midpoint margin of 10.9%. Before moving to EPS, I'll briefly step through some of the business area dynamics. First, aeronautics. We expect low single-digit overall growth in 2026 with Skunk Works and F-35 sustainment leading the way, each with potential for double-digit growth year-over-year. F-35 production will see a slight lift due to lot mix and pricing, with the production rate holding steady at 156 aircraft per year. We expect deliveries to be in line with the production rate this year. Barrel margins of 9.8% at the midpoint reflect the dilutive nature of the growth in skunkworks and from F-35 sustainment. At MFC, we estimate the ongoing missile production ramps to drive 14% year-over-year sales growth at the midpoint, with margins expected to remain consistent with 2025 levels. Next, at RMS, we anticipate overall sales to grow in the low single-digit range, with higher growth coming from Sikorsky, driven by the CH53K and Blackhawk programs, partially offset by program timing and lifecycle headwinds on several radar and training programs. RMS margins at 10.5% at the midpoint, include impacts due to portfolio mix and proven life cycles. Finally, space is projected to grow approximately 5% year-over-year at the midpoint, with strong growth expected on fleet ballistic missile, NGI, and hypersonic programs within the strategic and missile defense systems portion of the business, as well as solid growth from space tracking and communication missions due to the Space Development Agency's transport and tracking layer programs. Space margins in the midpoint are slightly above 10% and include higher equity earnings related to ULA. Back to the consolidated level, on earnings per share, we project a range of $29.35 to $30.25. The midpoint range is over $8 higher than 2025, primarily due to the aforementioned program and pension-related charges accounting for approximately $7 of the year-over-year improvements. The remaining upside comes from higher volume and a higher net fast cash pension adjustment, partially offset by non-operating related expenses, namely a higher tax rate. Wrapping up with cash, our free cash flow guidance is $6.5 to $6.8 billion. That estimate includes between $2.5 and $2.8 billion of capital expenditures as we are planning to increase our investment to support production ramps and other strategic growth opportunities. Including in this range is the initial portion of the multi-billion dollar investment for MFC's missile ramps. We expect investment will continue to be elevated going forward to meet customer demand for our munitions and the acceleration of production for these programs provides line of sight to a compound annual growth rate for MFC sales of at least double digit through the end of the decade. One final item for Awareness is the quarterly cadence for 2026. With 2024 and 2025, we had 13 weeks in every quarter. This year, there are 12 weeks in Q1 and 14 weeks in Q4, with the second and third quarters both at 13 weeks. Consistent with prior years, I expect the majority of our cash to come in the second half of the year. In summary, we're excited about the future for Lockheed Martin. and we are investing in numerous projects with the objective to improve the speed and capabilities of our company, whether that's toward innovative product development, improving internal operations, or accelerating production capacity. Our goal is to create unmatched technologies to support our customers' most critical missions, execute the record backlog and trust adjust on time and within budget, and in doing so, we will generate favorable outcomes that deliver value for all stakeholders. With that, Sarah, let's open up the call for Q&A.

Thank you. If you wish to ask a question, please press star, then 1 on your touchtone phone. You will hear an enunciator indicating you have been placed in queue. You may remove yourself from the queue at any time by pressing star, then 1 again. We ask that you limit yourself to one question, please. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up the handset before pressing the numbers. Once again, if you have a question, please press star then one at this time. Your first question comes from Scott Mikus with Milius Research. Your line is open.

Good morning, Jim and Evan. I wanted to ask on capital deployment. You have a big step up in CapEx for this year, and it seems like that's going to persist for the next few years. So are you changing your overall capital deployment strategy of returning 100% free cash flow to shareholders following the President's executive orders? And if so, should investors expect that to be a new normal? And how might vertical integration factor into capital deployment going forward?

Yeah, good morning, Scott. It's Jim. We're going to continue to use a disciplined and dynamic capital allocation process that we've been using for years. There's some differences this year, which is the introduction of these long-term contracts, which I do think will be extended and expanded. by the Department of War, which creates stable growth opportunities for companies like us, that the ROIs will exceed our cost of capital, and therefore we should invest in those stable growth opportunities over much longer terms than we've ever enjoyed before. So the process remains the same, but the conditions have changed on the availability of accretive investments that we can make in our company. The second area is R&D. And we are making inroads in a number of areas that, again, we believe with the new approach for acquisition transformation in the government, we will be able to prove ourselves by making R&D investments and building prototypes even at a greater rate than we ever have before. And I'll give you just a couple examples of that. You saw one already. The autonomous Blackhawk helicopter. That's real. I mean, it flies. You can control it from a tablet, command post, or inside the aircraft. We're all the controls and all the intelligence are to fly using AI. You don't need a pilot in there. So we are doing this on our own. R&D budget. Another example is the Comet, which is a low-cost high-capability cruise missile design that we're creating ourselves because we do think there's going to be upside opportunity in that arena as the cost per unit will be attractive. And then finally, as far as the drone wingman, which we know how to actually control from F-22s and F-35 and the design of the product to do that, we're building our own prototypes of the drone wingman CCA, if you will, again, on our own R&D budget because we think we will have the best product, we will get the scaled orders, and we can connect them and can show and have shown that we can connect our design of a CCA to a fifth-generation aircraft that actually flies today and that that's a scalable opportunity for us. So there will be better and longer-term CapEx opportunities. There are more creative and open-field opportunities. R&D opportunities for us? And as you mentioned, what's the vertical integration opportunity that may come throughout this administration and perhaps next? You know, we have been active in exploring and even attempting some mergers and acquisitions during the last five years. One that was publicized wasn't approved by a different administration. We're going to keep our powder dry for those opportunities, too, because they will be accretive as well. So, what we can say today is we're going to continue to use our discipline and dynamic approach based on the conditions that we experience in that period of time, and we're going to allocate our capital that way.

The next question comes from Rich Safran with Seaport Research. Your line is open.

Thanks. Good morning, everybody. So, Kay, I have a, I think, a quick two-part question on multi-years. First, regarding the two missile framework deals for PAC-3 and THAAD, what's the timing of a multi-year there? And how are you thinking about MSC margin potential, you know, over the long term? Second part, the F-35 has been mostly bought in annual increments for the most part. Should we be expecting a multi-year for the F-35, and how are you thinking about program quantities there?

Rich, as far as the multi-year missile agreements, they are frameworks. They are committed and purposeful by both sides, industry and government. There's a couple other steps that government needs to take. One is to definitize the contract, and to do that, they need to have an appropriations that is approved. So they're working through, and we will work through them on the definitized contract, and already are, actually. But all those steps do need to be completed. The timing on that will be up to, you know, the congressional budget cycle. We expect both of those programs to to be up and running under the framework agreement with appropriations by this year, 2026. That's our expectation. On F-35, we have been publicly advocating for a few years on multi-year sustainment potential for aircraft like the F-35. There's no reason whatsoever that whether it's production, modernization, and sustainment, that those activities couldn't be wrapped into a multi-year framework just like we've done for the missile systems. Additional complexity there, given the nature of the program, but there's no reason we couldn't get to the goal line should the government be interested in pursuing any or all of those elements of the F-35.

And I'll address your question, Rich, on the MFC margins. So we, in our guidance this year, have contemplated the PAC-3 and FAD multiyear agreements getting awarded this year with initial sales starting this year. So I think, first of all, it's encouraging to see margins holding despite growth beginning this year. I think, as you know, the way we do our profit recognition is we start typically at a lower profit recognition point on a program and build it up over time as we make progress on deliveries and risk reduction. So think of this as a seven-year program that will step up over time What that would mean for NFC margins in the coming years is some possible dilution, but probably no more than 20 to 30 basis points at max, but that's going to then create over time an opportunity to exceed NFC margins beyond where they have historically been with the opportunity to perform that is presented to us with these multi-year agreements.

Yeah, and that margin pressure, because of the startup nature of this production ramping, will be in an environment where sales should be double-digit growth in MFC and maybe even mid-teens sales growth in MFC, we'll take that trade, and then margins will, as, you know, Evan just said, will catch up. This is a very, very good arrangement for Lockheed Martin.

The next question comes from Christine Lewog with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Hey, good morning, Jim, Evan, and Maria. Jim, thank you for your earlier comments on R&D and capital priority. There's been growing interest in disruptive defense technologies, and large established companies are often discussed and valued differently than newer entrants in the space. How do you think about technology disruption? Are there areas where you still see yourself as light speed ahead of industry? And how do you view your role within the broader defense innovation ecosystem?

Yeah, good morning, Christine. We address disruptive technology opportunities literally every day in every business area we have. And so I'll just give you a couple. And by the way, with the geopolitical environment that faces the United States today, we need to marshal all resources in American industry. So it could be the startup community. It's the mid-sized companies. It's the new entrants, if you will. It's the capital markets and the major aerospace and defense companies have to have a large role in this because you've got to have the infrastructure. You've got to have the workforce. You have to have the cyber capability. You have to have the deployability around the world of anything you develop in the national defense arena of the United States. we are all involved at every level and every BA in disruptive technology. And I'll just give you a couple examples. Start at the highest level, if you will, in space. We've already announced that we're building an operable space-based interceptor that we want to fly in space by 2028 that would be part of Golden Dome potentially that can actually incorporate our technology of how to It is, my chief engineer says, a bullet with a bullet in space, but do it from space. That guidance technology, the ability to build the fins, the actuators, the electronics to actually make that happen, we know in this company how to do. We also know how to build satellites and also low-orbit satellites we just described on the tracking layer. or we have a billion-dollar contract to do military-hardened low-orbit satellites already. So for us, it's a matter of being creative and combining our capabilities within Lockheed Martin and outside of Lockheed Martin, right? So if any initiative in this space doesn't have military theater level scalability, it's interesting, but it will not be decisive. We are in the business of decisive military advantage. And so I'll give you another example. And this is teaming with a new entrant. The company is called Sail Drone. Many of you have heard of that. Distributed naval vehicle surface company. Pretty advanced, very well run. Excellent base product. But it'll be interesting to have you know, surface ship drones sailing around the Pacific, but to make them decisive in deterring a potential aggressor's action, they're going to have to be armed, and they're going to have to be effectively armed with a reliable kind of weapon, frankly. And we're doing that with sail drones. We've actually innovated ourselves and took a JAGM, which is a joint air-to-ground missile, so generally fired from a helicopter, for example. We've taken this air-to-ground missile, we've reconfigured it to be a ground-to-ground missile, or a surface-to-surface missile if you're on the ocean. That we did ourselves. We built and invented a quad launcher that will take four of these JAGMs and be able to fire them not at a vertical angle, but at a 45-degree angle, which is also new to that system. And we're installing them as partners with Saildrone on their autonomous shift. Now you've got something that can affect the deterrence equation of a potential adversary. And these are the kinds of things that we innovate on. How do we combine our own capabilities that I just described in space? And another example, how do we combine our capabilities with a proven product that the Navy actually knows how to use and has supply chain for and has a repair system for already that we can introduce onto a new vehicle that no one's ever had before, which would be the sail drone autonomous shipping. So we're all about disruptive technology. Some we'll do on our own. Some we'll do with our aerospace and defense, you know, kind of prime partners. Some we'll do with smaller and more novel companies.

The next question comes from Doug Harnick with Bernstein. Your line is open.

Good morning. Thank you. I want to go back to missiles and fire control and a couple of things around the PAC-3 and the SAAD deals. I mean, this is clearly very good in terms of allowing you to plan for the long-term and long-term growth. But if I put this into kind of a context of history first, appropriations are still done annually in Congress. And there are periods of time, and you all saw this back kind of in the 2015 time frame when there was huge growing demand for missiles. And then things changed and that all collapsed. And so how do you get comfortable about that seven-year ramp that the support will be there? And if I can extend it a little bit, Do you see opportunities on some of the other MFC programs that you have underway to do a similar thing?

Yeah, good morning, Doug. Jim here. Yes, traditionally there's been annual appropriations. The administration is striving to modify that. They've already got authorization for a range of vectors or missiles through Congress, part of the process, not the complete process, but it's already been introduced, and it's advancing on a seven-year basis for, I think it's four or five specific missile systems, including THAAD and PAC-3. So that's the first confidence builder. The second one is that the agreements that we have struck, and, you know, we were the pathfinder in these framework agreements. Others may sign on to something similar. But in our agreements, we had ensured with the department that, like, alluded to earlier, that if there is a change in the procurement strategy along the way during the seven years, there are make-hole provisions that will bring our company back to sort of the same ROI cash flow perspective as we would normally have had in a single-year appropriation. So there is a remediation process element to and a strong remediation element to make whole if the procurement strategy changes.

The next question comes from Rob Stallard with Vertical Research. Your line is open.

Thanks so much. Good morning. Jim, a question for you following up from Scott's question early on. I just wanted to clarify, will you be holding the buyback and dividend this year and going forward, or is it coming down? Thank you.

We will be evaluating all of our capital deployment options as time progresses. We'll announce those decisions as they occur publicly as required and as has been our practice. So we will be continuing to operate in a dynamic way. It's actually more dynamic than ever these days. And the opportunity set is much greater along the lines of what I've already described. So, Rob, we will disclose when we can what our actions are as the months progress through 2016 and beyond.

The next question comes from Gautam Khanna with TD Cowan. Your line is open.

Yes, thanks. Good morning, guys. I was wondering if you could give us a quick refresher on how the AERO classified program is performing. And also, Evan, if you could just speak to 2027 pension requirements, given where things sit today. Thank you.

So, on the AERO classified program, this is Jim speaking. Yeah, as a reminder, this is a very complex design and system integration activity. And risking is going to remain over the next few years as we progress through, you know, more key phases of the program, which is progressing well. However, to note, there were no additional charges reported on this program in the fourth quarter, and we continue to proactively monitor and manage potential risks with our highest level of executives personally involved in this now. And we will keep – such a close eye on the program that we should be able to identify any other potential risk and opportunities even to drive better outcomes on a much more timely basis. So that's where the program stands today. We're very confident in it. We're very confident in the team that we have on the field now to execute it, and it's being monitored monthly as never before. And I'll address the pension.

And it's important to note when it comes to free cash flow, I think you've seen in 2025 and now in 2026, I think we've done a very good job with a lot of focus to convert working capital to operating cash. So between the two years, you do see a significant uplift in operational cash. What that meant in 2025, of course, is that we had ability to pre-fund the required 2026 pension in full, such that there's no required this year to your question. That requirement does come back starting in 2027 of at least $1 billion, depending on how we look in terms of pension performance this year. I think with the strong cash flow that we're seeing this year, we'll continue to be opportunistic as we have in prior years. If we could drive free cash flow in such a way again this year, there may be an opportunity to pre-fund 2027's required pension as well. So we'll continue to stay focused on that and advise as we make progress.

The next question comes from Miles Walton with Wolf Research. Your line is open.

Great. Thanks, and good morning. Jim, on last quarter's call, I think we talked about R&D and CapEx as a percent of sales, and at the time you didn't see a need for that to rise materially, but obviously that's changed here in the release. I think I understand the CapEx side for capacity build-out, but what changed specifically in terms of opportunities at SBI or something else? that drove the change in R&D as a percent of sales? And are these new numbers, the new norms going forward, or would they go higher?

So what's changed, Miles, is the department's very transparent interest in advanced technology development and to support advanced technology development. As the fence budget rises and Congress and the administration work together to decide exactly what those numbers are. But as it rises, there will be more opportunity for companies like ours to engage in more R&D type prototype activities. We've actually been doing that, you know, to the level you've seen us do for the past three or four years. And we actually have an entire process that goes from, you know, scientific level of research all the way through prototypes on active ships, Air Force Marine bases, test ranges. We've got that process in place now and have developed it over the last few years with our customers, actually, who do trust us in these matters. And now that we see that the budget could increase in this realm, that the leadership of the research and development staff in the Pentagon is in place, and that the commitment is to be innovative, we are going to commit more to R&D.

The next question comes from Mike Charamoli with Truist Securities. Your line is open.

Hey, morning, guys. Thanks for taking the question. First, Evan, just a housekeeping. Should we expect the share count to stay flat or go down this year? And then, Jim, I was wondering if you could elaborate, maybe even tie it into Miles' question. You talked about a billion-dollar strategic investment on F-35 sustainment. Can you maybe give us a little bit more detail and unpack that, what the expectations are? Was that maybe at the direction of the government or any more color that would be helpful?

So the share count will be reported quarterly as always. So you'll see that as it comes over the course of this year. On F-35 sustainment, over I'll say a few prior years, there was, in our opinion, some underfunding of spare parts and repair capacity in the various defense budgets previous to this administration. And We have been striving to make up for some of that ourselves with internal investment, but what we want to do is really kind of double down on our, and frankly, we have put a billion plus into spare parts and repairs already, but we're going to double down on that to make an extra effort to improve the mission-capable rates of the aircraft and kind of make up for this unfortunate spare parts and repairs deficit that's been created over the last, you know, four or five whatever years. That's just something we're going to step up and do. It does require investment. But these systems are so critical in today's world that we do feel that we are going to get benefit both financially and operationally on the performance of the aircraft for making this investment. So we're going to do it.

And I'll note that this elevated investment is as I think it's clear, is considered within the 6.5 to 6.8 free cash flow, which is higher than our previous guidance, even with these elevated investments. So I think that speaks to the underlying strong operational cash flow.

The next question comes from Gavin Parsons of UBS. Your line is open.

Thank you. Good morning. Morning. Hi. Quick clarification on cash flow first. Is there any customer support or CapEx reimbursement in your operating cash flow? And then on the PAC-3 and FAD frameworks, could you talk a little bit more about how those are structured, maybe particularly as it relates to kind of the performance opportunity versus risk? Thank you.

Yeah. So with respect to cash flow and CapEx reimbursement, One of the key dynamics of these multi-year agreements is that they're in no way intended to be punitive. This is a customer partnering with us to find the best, most efficient way to rapidly scale capabilities to the warfighter. And as such, I think we're going to see some partnership with cash flow terms to make sure that we're well-supported as we make these investments. So I think you are going to see an elevated working capital benefit or operational benefit to offset some of these CapEx costs. expenditures. So that is a key part of what we're contemplating with these deals.

And then there's incentives in both the Patriot and the FAB framework agreements for us to outperform the objectives. And so what we have agreed upon is a profit sharing above a certain robust level, I'll call it, where we start to share some of the increased profits with the U.S. government by plowing some of those increased profits back into something like I just talked about, which is additional spare parts or it's additional equipment or tooling in the factory, those kinds of things. And so there's this sort of reinvestment mechanism in a profit-sharing vehicle, if you will, for us to even better support these programs going forward on behalf of and with the government.

Great. And, Sarah, I think we have time for one last question as we're approaching time here. Thank you.

Thank you. Your last question will come from Sheila Payalu with Jefferies. Your line is open.

Good morning, guys, and thank you for getting me in. In the past, Jim, maybe you've talked about a target framework with low single-digit revenue growth in the single digits and 10 to 20 basis points of margin expansion. In light of what we've seen recently with PAC-3 and BAD, double-digit growth at MFC is inevitable. So how do you think about the target growth model and maybe the segment ranking through that outside of MFC and free cash flow contribution going forward?

So, Sheila, we do see upside to growth, but, you know, again, once we get things ramped up and margin compression out of the way, but certainly on revenues and then to follow on margins and certainly on operating profit as well. So we do see upside there. I could turn it over briefly to Evan just to talk a little bit about each of the business areas quickly.

Yeah, so underlying, I think, to Tim's point, there's the strong growth paced by MFCs. Space continues to be our second fastest growing business now, as we've seen strength in the strategic missile defense business, particularly, but also in the classified space area. So I think, and with respect to MFC, you know, we are scaling other munitions beyond the ones that were contemplating these multi-year agreements. So all across the board there, I think you're seeing strong revenue growth. As we look kind of beyond, I mean, we're not ready to give multi-year frameworks at this point, but I do think you're going to continue to see upward pressure on revenue and a real intention to drive margins. And in the next couple of years, we still have some dilutive pressure of some of the programs that we took prior losses on. So as those sort of work down, there's going to be, I believe, increased margin opportunity in the out years. And as time goes, we'll give added insight into that.

All right. Well, thanks for joining our call today, everyone. 2025 was a successful year for Lockheed Martin. and we're already carrying that momentum into 2026. As the War Department continues to adopt new ways of doing business, I am more confident than ever in our company's ability to deliver both value to our military services and our allies and to our shareholders. I'd like to thank our 121,000 Lockheed Martin teammates for their commitment and dedication to the mission, and I look forward to speaking with all of you in April for our first quarter earnings call. Sarah, that concludes our call for today.

Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for joining.