McCormick & Company, Incorporated

Good morning. This is Casey Jenkins, Chief Strategy Officer and Senior Vice President, Investor Relations. Thank you for joining today's fourth quarter's earnings call. To accompany this call, we've posted a set of slides at ir.mccormick.com. With me this morning are Lawrence Curzius, Chairman and CEO, Brennan Foley, President and COO, and Mike Smith, Executive Vice President and CFO. During this call, we will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures. The nature of those non-GAAP financial measures and the related reconciliation to the GAAP results are included in this morning's press release and slides. In our comments, certain percentages are rounded. Please refer to our presentation for complete information. Today's presentation contains projections and other forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those projected. The company undertakes no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events, or other factors. Please refer to our forward-looking statement on slide two for more information. I will now turn the discussion over to Lawrence.

Good morning, everyone. Thanks for joining us. Our fourth quarter concluded a challenging and volatile year that impacted our ability to deliver on our expectations and our financial performance. At the same time, we ended the year with positive momentum, with consumer consumption trends and flavor solutions demand, stabilized service levels and supply, and meaningful progress in starting to reshape our cost structure. While more work remains to be done, our confidence and our outlook for 2023 and beyond is strong. Our organization is focused squarely on executing on the priorities I just mentioned, all of which are important drivers in the successful execution of our strategies and the delivery of stronger results. Turning to slide five, in our fourth quarter results, our sales declined 2% from the year-ago period, including a 4% unfavorable impact from currency. In constant currency, sales grew 2% within our implied fourth quarter guidance range, but below our expectations. Greater-than-expected COVID-related disruptions in China unfavorably impacted our expected sales growth for both Total McCormick and the consumer segment by approximately 2%. Fourth-quarter sales would have grown in the range of 4% in constant currency, excluding the impact of China on our results. We had anticipated even higher growth, but fourth-quarter restocking comparisons in the America's consumer segment further tempered our growth. As compared to last year, our fourth quarter constant currency sales growth of 2% reflected a 9% contribution from pricing actions, partially offset by a 4% decline in underlying volume and product mix, an expected 2% volume decline from the kitchen basics divestiture and the exits of low-margin business in India and the consumer business in Russia, and a 1% year-over-year volume decline from the China COVID-related disruptions. Despite tempered fourth quarter sales performance, our underlying sales strength positions us well to accelerate sales growth in 2023. In our consumer segment, excluding China, consumption trends strengthened, particularly in the U.S., where our fourth quarter total branded consumption grew 6%. In our flavor solution segment, our sales growth was outstanding with continued momentum across all regions. Consumers increasing demand for flavor whether through our products or our customers' products, is both reflected in this performance and in our most recent proprietary consumer insights research. Our alignment with the long-term consumer trends of cooking at home, clean and flavorful eating, and valuing trusted brands continues to deliver results. This alignment, combined with our broad and advantaged portfolio, plus the fundamental strength of our categories, continues to underscore McCormick's positioning for long-term differentiated growth in flavor. Moving to profit, our adjusted operating income decline of 10%, or 9% in constant currency, and adjusted earnings per share decline of 13% fell short of our expectations. Let me spend a moment on the differences to our expectations. Unfavorable product fix was a driving factor, particularly in our consumer segments. This was primarily due to lower U.S. bison seasoning sales, stemming from fourth quarter inventory restocking comparison in both 2021 and 2022, which I'll discuss in a moment. Our results also reflected lower than anticipated sales in China and an unfavorable product mix related to the sales mix between segments. In addition, with two COVID-related plant shutdowns in China, we realized lower operating leverage. During the quarter, we made meaningful progress to lower our run rate costs in flavor solutions with the reduction of elevated costs that we've been incurring to meet high demand in parts of our business. The impact of that progress was offset in the fourth quarter by unexpected, discrete, one-time issues. However, we expect to see positive benefits in our results going forward. Turning to slide seven, we're committed to increasing our profit realization in 2023. In our last earnings call, we discussed normalizing our supply chain costs and increasing efficiencies, also strengthening our ability to service customers. To that end, we have targeted the elimination of $100 million of supply chain costs over the next two years. We are also now taking streamlining actions across our entire organization, targeting an incremental $25 million of cost savings. The combination of these actions, which is our global operating effectiveness program, is incremental to our Comprehensive Continuous Improvement, or CCI, savings. Our CCI program has a well-established track record of success, and we're leveraging its proven program discipline to drive results. We expect our Global Operating Effectiveness program to drive annual cost savings of approximately $125 million, of which we expect to realize $75 million through the P&L in 2023, enabling increased profit realization. We can see the results coming through, and we expect the impact to scale up as the year progresses. Now let me share more details on our actions. During last year, we transitioned to our global operating model, allowing us to more effectively leverage our scale and drive cost reduction. As we further advance that model and streamline our processes, strengthen our collaboration, and align our structure to work more efficiently, we are taking corresponding action streamline our workforce across the entire organization. We are making considerable progress on the streamlining actions we have underway. A large component of our streamlining actions is a U.S. voluntary retirement program, which is very far along, with a targeted separation date of February 1st. This will be followed by other actions, some of which will be involuntary. As always, we will care for employees in keeping with our shared values. Moving to the supply chain, our top supply chain priority remains keeping our customers in supply and supporting their growth. And while we expect continued volatility in global supply chain, we have strengthened our resiliency over the past few years to achieve this priority. As we responded to demand volatility over the past several years, we incurred additional costs above inflation to service our customers and have seen inefficiencies develop in our supply chain. Some of these costs were investments and decisions made to support continued growth for both our customers and McCormick, and some are the result of a buildup that can occur in periods of disruption. In 2022, with the service levels of focus, the normalization of our supply chain costs and inventory levels has taken longer than expected. As we stated on our third quarter call, during the fourth quarter, we began to implement initiatives to optimize our cost structure, increase our capacity, and reduce inventory levels while strengthening our supply chain resiliency and ability to service our customers. Now for some details on these initiatives. First and foremost, while we continue to resolve some outliers, we have rebuilt and stabilized our service back to strong levels and at a high level of finished goods inventory on hand. Operating from this position enables us to maximize our performance, reduce our labor costs, and pare back excessive use of co-packers within our operations. Starting with labor, as we expect it to be the most significant driver of our cost reductions, during the fourth quarter, we reinstated more normal shift schedules, with most locations now operating on a 24 by 5 pattern. This allows us to eliminate inefficient and unpopular difficulty staff shifts. Additionally, as we move away from the industry-wide labor issues seen during the pandemic, We have stabilized absenteeism and turnover rates in our workforce and returned to more standard staffing by line. During the quarter, we optimized our leadership structure throughout our facilities and upgraded the talent in key roles. Simultaneously, we're increasing the capability levels of our teams. We're also accelerating automation, ranging from individual pieces of equipment to a completely automated line for a high volume packaging format. We expect, through these initiatives, to reduce 10% of our American supply chain workforce. And over the past three months, we have already achieved half of the planned reduction. Next, turning to our capacity, we're supporting future growth and enabling better customer service by investing to increase both manufacturing capacity and reliability in constrained areas. These investments also enable the repatriation of the production we scaled up at Copackers while continuing to meet the elevated demand. In our flavor solution segment, our flavors volume, including seasonings and flavor encapsulation, has been growing at a mid-single digit rate for each of the past three years, and demand remains strong. Our investments in additional seasonings capacity, as well as spray dry capacity with the expansion of bonus footprint, are on track to be online during the second quarter. Meanwhile, in our consumer segment, we've been using co-packers for targeted high-demand packaging formats, such as some of our large value size items. Now, given the efficiencies gained and the investments already in flight, we have started to repatriate some of these formats. Overall, we are on track for COPAC spending in 2023 to be the lowest in the past five years. From an inventory perspective, we're executing on initiatives to return to historical safety stock levels, which has been disrupted and raised by the supply chain issues of the last few years. We reduced both raw material and finished good inventory during the fourth quarter, but we're aware we have further progress to make. We're confident and encouraged by the results our initiatives are delivering so far. As we progress to a more normalized environment, we will realize additional benefits from these changes. For example, we expect to see reductions in expedited freight and less than truckload shipping costs, and we'll streamline other transportation inefficiencies. but the recent opening of our new Maryland Logistics Center, we're able to eliminate expensive external warehouse costs before even fully realizing the inventory reduction, accelerating the expense savings. With more efficient manufacturing and lower inventory levels, we expect lower material losses. We have managed through various supply chain challenges over the last several years. I'm confident in our disciplined approach to resolving the increased costs within our supply chain while prioritizing meeting our customers' needs. The impact of our actions is expected to normalize our supply chain costs, enhance our efficiency and ability to meet demand, reduce inventory levels, and ultimately increase our profit realization as reflected in our 2023 outlook. Our global operating effectiveness program has considerable momentum and we look forward to sharing more on our progress with you after our first quarter of 2023. Now, moving to fourth quarter business updates for each of our segments. Turning to our consumer segment on slide eight, sales performance in the quarter was impacted by factors mentioned previously. The kitchen basics divestiture, exits of businesses, and COVID-related disruptions in China, as well as trade inventory dynamics between years. These factors, as well as lapping high COVID-related demand early in the year, also impacted the full-year performance. Importantly, on a three-year basis, we've grown annual sales at a 5% CAGR driven by the Americas region, and we are ending the year with positive momentum in our consumption trends. Now for some regional highlights on sales and consumption. Starting with the Americas, during the fourth quarter of 2021, because we were restocking, shipments were higher than consumption, and we are lapping that this quarter, which impacts our sales growth. As we entered the holiday season this year, and having shipped fairly in line with consumption for the first three quarters of the year, customers did not need to replenish their inventory as much, despite strong consumer consumption during the holiday season. We estimate our fourth quarter sales growth rate was unfavorably impacted 6% related to these restocking comparisons. We did not fully appreciate the level of fourth quarter restocking in 2021, especially of high margin holiday herbs and spices, and the resulting impact on our year-over-year growth, and as such, had expected stronger sales growth this year. That said, excluding this impact, our underlying volume performance in the fourth quarter was better than in the second and third quarters. We have confidence that as we move out of the first quarter, the holiday season fluctuations this year between consumption and inventory levels, as well as retailer restocking resulting from pandemic-driven dynamics, will have normalized and we have an increased level of confidence in our visibility. Our total U.S.-branded portfolio consumption growth of 6% this quarter, as indicated by our IRI consumption data combined with unmeasured channels, was the strongest of the year. Our investments in brand marketing and stronger holiday merchandising proved to be effective. And with the stabilization of supply disruptions, restoration of our service levels continued, and our fourth quarter service level was the best of the year, just shy of our pre-pandemic standards. Our consumption, dollar sales, units, and volume all accelerated sequentially, and our total distribution points, or TDPs, have stabilized. In spices and seasoning, Our fourth quarter performance was the strongest of the year. Consumers are responding to our value messaging, trading up to larger sizes, and according to our consumer insights, are learning to navigate the current environment. We're continuing to build distribution on the Lowry's Everyday Spice range we launched last quarter, and earlier results are positive. We are seeing incremental sales and profits of the category as consumers are trading up to this line for private labels. In recipe mixes, we gained share for the fifth consecutive quarter, and with improved packaging supply, we also gained share in hot sauce and mustard during the quarter. Across the portfolio, our trends are continuing to strengthen in the first quarter of 2023. In EMEA, we ended the year with our strongest sales growth in the fourth quarter. Our effective pricing and new product growth accelerated versus the first three quarters With our fourth quarter price realizations the highest of the year and our volume decline the lowest, our strong consumption momentum continued and accelerated sequentially. In the fourth quarter and for the full year, we gained share versus last year and 2019 in the UK and Eastern Europe herbs, spices, and seasoning. Those gains were somewhat offset by software performance in France. In the UK, we're driving the hot sauce category with Frank's Red Hot continuing to gain share again in the quarter and for the full year versus last year as well as compared to 2019. additionally in the uk we advanced our recipe mix leadership during 2022 to the number one share position as we entered 2023 we're confident in our continued momentum in the emea region in the asia pacific region growth for the quarter and the year was impacted by the exit of low margin business in india which we will laugh after the first quarter of 2023, as well as the COVID-related disruption in China. Reflected in our outlook, we are expecting continued disruption into the first quarter of 2023, with an expected recovery after the Chinese New Year. While we are currently experiencing this short-term pressure, we continue to believe in the long-term growth trajectory of our business in China. Our brand marketing, new product, and category management initiatives are driving positive momentum with more to come in 2023, and we look forward to sharing this and our growth plans at Cagney in a few weeks. Turning to flavor solutions on slide nine, sales growth reflected pricing actions as well as higher base volume growth in new products. Our sales performance has been outstanding all year. led by double-digit growth every quarter in the Americas and EMEA regions, resulting in 12% growth for the full year. On a three-year basis, we have grown annual sales at an 8% CAGR with strong growth in all three regions. Now for some regional highlights. Our Americas' fourth quarter sales growth was the strongest of the year. Growth in flavors, including snack seasonings and flavors for performance nutrition and health and market applications, as well as branded food service products drove our fourth quarter performance, as well as our strong broad-based growth for the year. We continue to realize the benefits from the combined capabilities of Bona and McCormick, with new products contributing approximately 30% more growth in flavors in 2022 than last year. Demand continues to strengthen with branded food service restaurants and institutional food service customers increasing. and we're also expanding distribution and gaining share in both spices and seasonings and hot sauce. In the EMBA, our strong fourth quarter performance in all product categories kept an outstanding year of 17% growth, including significant volume growth of 9% as well as pricing. We're winning in all markets and channels. Growth remains strong across our customer base, led by the momentum with our quick service restaurant or QSR customers. partially driven by expanded distribution and their promotional activities. In APZ, we're driving further menu penetration with our QSR customers, realizing growth from strong performance of core menu items we flavor. We've delivered solid growth in the APZ region for the year despite the COVID-related disruptions in China. Across markets outside of China, we drove double-digit growth with contributions from both volume and pricing. Overall, Flavor Solutions demand has remained strong, and for certain parts of our business, in the Americas and EMEA regions, our supply chain continues to be pressured to meet this high demand, driving extraordinary costs to service our customers. We appreciate our customers working with us and are encouraged by the results our collaboration is already beginning to yield. While our Flavor Solutions sales growth has been outstanding, we are not delivering profit growth in this segment. We are committed to restoring Flavor Solutions profitability, recovering margin while ensuring we keep our customers in supply, and driving growth for both McCormick and our customers. We are confident we will achieve margin recovery through three actions. Effective price realization. Our price increases are only now catching up to the pace of inflation, and we're beginning to recover the cost of inflation our pricing lacked last year. The successful execution of the global operating effectiveness program I just mentioned. In particular, we expect the elimination of supply chain inefficiencies and the investments in capacity to have a significant impact in the flavor solutions segment. And finally, continued focus on driving growth in high margin parts of our portfolio. The strength of our flavor solutions portfolio and capabilities, including our customer engagement approach and culinary inspired innovation, are driving our outstanding flavor solution momentum. We look to sharing more about our growth plans and margin recovery at Cagney in a few weeks. Now some summary comments before turning it over to Mike. Turning to slide 10. Global demand for flavor remains the foundation of our sales growth, and we have intentionally focused on great, fast-growing categories that will continue to differentiate our performance. We continue to capitalize on the long-term consumer trends that accelerated during the pandemic. Healthy and flavorful cooking, increased digital engagement, trusted brands, and purpose-minded practices. These long-term trends and the rising global demand for great taste are more relevant today than ever with the younger generations fueling them at a greater rate. McCormick is uniquely positioned to capitalize on this demand for great taste with the breadth and reach of our strong global flavor portfolio we're delivering flavor experiences for every meal occasion. Through our products and our customers' products and our driving growth, we are end-to-end flavor. We remain focused on the long-term goals, strategies, and values that have made us so successful. We have grown and compounded that growth over the years, including through the pandemic and other periods of volatility. The strength of our business model, the value of our products and capabilities, and the execution of our proven strategies by our experienced leaders, while adapting to changes accordingly, give us confidence in our growth momentum and in our ability to navigate the dynamic global environment. As we look ahead to 2023, we will focus on capitalizing on strong demand, optimizing our cost structure, and positioning McCormick to deliver sustainable growth and long-term shareholder value. The fundamentals that drove our industry-leading historical financial performance remain strong and we're confident we are well-positioned to drive profitable growth in 2023. I want to recognize McCormick employees around the world for their contributions in 2022 and the momentum they're driving in 2023. Now, I'll turn it over to Mike. Thanks, Lawrence, and good morning, everyone. Starting on slide 13. our top-line constant currency sales grew 2% compared to the fourth quarter of last year. This growth was tempered by a 1% unfavorable impact from the kitchen basics divestiture, a 1% impact from the exits of low-margin business in India and the consumer business in Russia, and a 1% impact from China consumption disruption related to COVID restrictions. In our consumer segment, constant currency sales declined 4%, with the divestiture of kitchen basics contributing 1% to the decline and the combined impact of exiting the businesses in India and Russia, as well as the China consumption disruption, contributing 3% to the decline. On slide 14, consumer sales in the Americas declined 4% in constant currency. Pricing actions in the region were more than offset by a volume decline, including a 2% impact from the kitchen basics divestiture, as well as a 6% impact from lapping the restocking of retail inventory in the fourth quarter of last year and higher level of retail inventories entering this year's holiday season. Additionally, returning to pre-pandemic promotional levels also tempered our sales comparison to the fourth quarter of last year. In EMEA, constant currency consumer sales grew 2%. Pricing actions across all markets were partially offset by lower volume of product mix, including a 4% unfavorable impact from lower sales in Russia. Constant currency consumer sales in the Asia-Pacific region declined 22%. including a 23% unfavorable impact from the consumption disruption in China, as well as the exit of low-margin business in India. Pricing actions in all markets across the region partially offset this unfavorable impact. Turning to our flavor solutions segment at slide 17, we grew fourth quarter constant currency sales 14%, primarily due to pricing actions, with higher volume product mix also contributing to growth in all regions. In the Americas, Flavor Solutions constant currency sales grew 13%, with pricing actions and higher volume contributing to the increase. Higher sales of packaged food and beverage companies with strength in snack seasonings led to growth. Higher demand for branded food service customers also contributed to growth. In EMEA, we drove 16% constant currency sales growth, with 10% related to pricing actions and 6% behind the mix. EMEA's Flavor Solutions growth was broad-based across its portfolio, led by strong growth with QSR and packaged food and beverage company customers. In the Asia-Pacific region, flavor solution sales grew 11% in constant currency, with pricing actions and higher volume contributing to the increase. Growth was driven by higher sales to QSR customers, driven by strength in their core menu items. As seen on slide 21, adjusted gross margin declined 410 basis points in the fourth quarter versus the year-ago period. I'll spend a moment on the significant drivers, highlighting the ones that drove more compression than we had expected. First, approximately 60% of this decline, or 250 basis points, is due to the dilutive impact of pricing to offset our dollar cost increases. Next, product mix was unfavorable as compared to the fourth quarter of last year, as well as compared to our expectations for the quarter. First, in our consumer segment, as mentioned earlier, lower U.S. spices and seasoning sales, stemming from fourth quarter inventory restocking comparisons of 2021 and 2022, as well as lower sales of higher margin products in China due to the COVID restrictions, negatively impacted mix. The sales shift between our consumer and flavor solution segments also contributed to the unfavorable product mix as compared to the fourth quarter of last year. The impact of the unfavorable product mix was higher than we expected due to the shortfall in consumer sales from what we had anticipated. driven by both lower U.S. and China sales. Now for the impact of supply chain challenges on gross margins. In our consumer segment, we experienced lower operating leverage because of the sales comparisons already discussed. The impact, though, was greater than expected due to the China COVID-related plant shutdowns. In our flavor solution segment, as we transition production to our new UK Peterborough manufacturing facility, we continue to incur dual running costs, we expect the unfavorable year-over-year impact of these costs to continue in the first quarter of 2023, and then for the balance of the year, expect them to be comparable to 2022. Additionally, we are still incurring elevated costs to meet high demand in certain parts of our business. While painful short term, we know these investments to support our customers during periods of disruption are the right approach to drive long-term growth. That said, we did make progress on reducing the level of these costs in the fourth quarter. However, the impact of that progress was offset by the unfavorable transactional impact of foreign currency exchange rates and some discreet issues we experienced in our flavor solutions operations during the quarter. While we recovered quickly from these issues, they still contributed significant unexpected costs to the quarter. Finally, partially offsetting the unfavorable drivers I just mentioned were our CCI-linked cost savings. End of note, our price increases continue to catch up with cost inflation during the quarter for both segments. This was in line with our expectations and consistent with our performance. In 2023, we plan to fully recover the inflation our pricing has lagged over the last two years. Now moving to slide 22, selling general and administration expenses, or SG&A, declined from the fourth quarter of last year with lower incentive compensation expenses partially offset by higher distribution costs and brand marketing investments. As a percentage of net sales, SG&A declined 270 basis points. The net impact of the factors I just mentioned resulted in a constant currency decline in adjusted operating income, which excludes special charges and transaction and integration costs of 9% compared to the fourth quarter of 2021. In constant currency, the consumer segment's adjusted operating income declined 5%. And in the flavor solution segment, it declined 26%. Turning to interest expense and income taxes on slide 23, our interest expense increased significantly over the fourth quarter 2021, as well as over our third quarter of this year, both driven by the higher rate environment. Our fourth quarter adjusted effective tax rate was 23.1%, compared to 21.3% in the year-ago period. Both periods were favorably impacted by discrete tax items, with a more significant impact last year. At the bottom line, as shown on slide 24, fourth quarter 2022 adjusted earnings per share was 73 cents, as compared to 84 cents for the year-ago period. The decrease was driven primarily by lower adjusted operating income. with higher interest expense and a higher fourth quarter adjusted effective tax rate also contributing to the decrease. On slide 25, we summarized highlights for cash flow and the year-end balance sheet. Our cash flow from operations for the year was $652 million, which is lower than the same period last year. This decrease was primarily driven by lower net income and higher inventory levels. We returned $397 million of cash to our shareholders through dividends and used $262 million for capital expenditures in 2022. Our capital expenditures included growth investments and optimization projects across the globe. In 2023, we expect our capital expenditures to be comparable to 2022 as we continue to spend on the initiatives we have in progress, as well as to support our investments to fuel future growth. We expect 2023 to be a year of strong cash flow driven by our profit and working capital initiatives. Our priority is to continue to have a balanced use of cash, funding investments to drive growth, returning a significant portion to our shareholders through dividends, and paying down debt. We remain committed to a strong investment grade rating, and we have a history of strong cash generation and profit realization. With improving our gross margin through our plan to normalize our supply chain costs and inventory levels, we will be better positioned to continue paying down debt and expect to de-lever to approximately three times by the end of fiscal 2024. Now turning to our 2023 financial outlook on slide 26. Our 2023 outlook reflects our positive top line growth momentum and with the optimization of our cost structure increased profit realization. We expect to drive margin expansion with strong sales and adjusted operating income growth that reflects the health of our underlying business performance as well as the net favorable impact from several discrete drivers. We expect our adjusted operating profit growth will be partially offset below operating profit by significantly higher interest expense and a higher projected effective tax rate. We also expect there will be minimal impact from currency rates. At the top line, we expect to grow sales 5% to 7%, driven primarily by the wrap of last year's pricing actions combined with new pricing actions we are taking in 2023. We expect several factors to impact our volume and product mix over the course of the year, including price elasticities, which we expect to be consistent with 2022 at lower levels than we have historically experienced, but in line with the current environment. A 1% estimated benefit from last year's impact of COVID-related disruptions in China although we expect the impact will vary from quarter to quarter given 2022's level of demand volatility, the divestiture of our kitchen basics business in August of last year, and the exit of our consumer business in Russia during last year's second quarter. And finally, the continual pruning of lower margin business from our portfolio. As always, we plan to drive growth through the strength of our brands, as well as our category management, brand marketing, new products, and customer engagement plans. Our 2023 adjusted gross margin is projected to range between 25 to 75 basis points higher than 2022. This adjusted gross margin expansion reflects a favorable impact from pricing, cost savings from our CCI-led and global operating effectiveness programs, partially offset by the anticipated impact of a low to mid-teens increase in cost inflation. We expect cost pressures to be more than offset by pricing during the year as we recover the cost inflation our pricing lagged last year. Moving to adjusted operating income, first let me walk through some discrete items and their expected impact to our 2023 adjusted operating profit growth. First, the cost savings from our global operating effectiveness program are expected to have an 800 basis point impact. The savings from this program are expected to scale up as the year progresses. Next, the benefit of lapping the impact of COVID-related disruptions in China is expected to have a 300 basis point favorable impact. The kitchen basics divestiture is expected to have an unfavorable 100 basis point impact. And finally, an 800 basis point unfavorable impact is expected as we build back incentive compensation. The net impact of these discrete items is a favorable 200 basis points. This favorable impact, combined with expected 7% to 9% underlying business growth, which is driven by our improved operating momentum, results in our adjusted operating income projection of 9% to 11%. In addition to the adjusted gross margin impacts I just mentioned, this projection also includes a low single digit increase in brand marketing investments and our CCI-led cost savings target of approximately $85 million. Based on the anticipated timing of certain items, We expect our adjusted operating profit growth to be pressured in the first quarter, accelerated in the second quarter, and return to normalized cadence of delivery for the remainder of the year. The impact of cost inflation will be weighted toward the first half of 2023, with peak inflation in the first quarter. Also in the first quarter, we expect continued pressure to sales and profit from COVID-related disruptions in China. And then the benefit beginning in the second quarter from lapping last year's impact. Additionally, the exit of our consumer business in Russia will impact the first quarter. As a reminder, we began exiting it during the second quarter of last year. Finally, related to profit timing, while we expect a minimal impact from currency rates, we project an unfavorable impact in the first half of the year, an expected 3% unfavorable in the first quarter, and a favorable impact in the second half of the year. We are anticipating a meaningful step up in interest expense driven by the higher interest rate environment, which will impact our floating debt. We estimate that our interest expense will range from $200 million to $210 million in 2023, spread evenly throughout the year. As a reminder, in 2022, we realized an $18 million favorable impact from optimizing our debt portfolio, which we will lap in 2023. The net impact of these interest-related items is expected to be an 800 basis point headwind to our 2023 adjusted earnings per share growth. Our 2023 adjusted effective income tax rate is projected to be approximately 22%, based on our estimated mix of earnings by geography, as well as factoring in a level of discrete impacts. Versus our 2022 adjusted effective tax rate, we expect this outlook to be a 100 basis point headwind to our 2023 earnings growth. We expect our rate to be higher in the first half of the year compared to the second half. To summarize, our 2023 adjusted earnings per share expectations reflect strong underlying business growth of 8% to 10%, a 2% net favorable impact from the discrete items I just mentioned impacting profit, the global operating effectiveness program, the China recovery, the kitchen basics to vestiture, and the incentive compensation rebuild, partially offset by the combined interest and tax headwind of 9%. This results in an expected increase of 1% to 3%, or a projected guidance range for adjusted earnings per share in 2023 of $2.56 to $2.61. We are projecting strong operating performance in 2023 with continued top-line momentum, significant optimization of our cost structure, and strong adjusted operating profit growth, as well as margin expansion. While this performance is expected to be tempered by interest and tax headwinds, we remain confident in the underlying strength of our business and that with the execution of our proven strategies, we will drive profitable growth in 2023. Thank you, Mike. Now that Mike has shared our financial results and outlook in more detail, I'd like to recap the key takeaways as seen on slide 28. Our fourth quarter sales performance, despite challenges from the COVID-related disruptions in China, reflects the underlying strength of our global portfolio. and the continued execution of our long-term strategies. With the stabilization of service and our supply chain, in addition to positive momentum in consumption trends, we expect an acceleration in consumer segment sales, dollars, and volume in 2023 and continued strong flavor solutions performance as the strength of our portfolio is met with outstanding demand across our customer base. We have strong growth programs, and we look forward to sharing them at Cagney. We are committed to increasing our profit realization. The actions we have underway to normalize our supply chain costs and increase our organizational effectiveness and efficiency are already yielding results. Our global operating effectiveness program is expected to deliver $125 million of cost savings. We expect the benefits of the program to scale up through each quarter of 2023 and continue to be accretive into 2024. While actively responding to the macroeconomic challenges we're facing, we continue to operate with the same discipline and commitment to execution as we have in any other operating environment. The fundamentals that have driven our historical performance remain in place, and we are as diligent as ever in driving value for our employees, consumers, customers, and shareholders in both 2023 and beyond. The compounding benefit of our relentless focus on growth, performance, and peoples continues to position McCormick to drive sales growth. This, coupled with our focus on recovering cost inflation and lowering costs to expand margins, will allow us to realize long-term sustainable earnings growth. Before turning to your questions, I want to reiterate my confidence in driving the profitable growth reflected in our 2023 outlook. And now for your questions.

Thank you. We'll now take the question and answer session. If you'd like to ask a question this morning, please press star 1 from your telephone keypad, and the confirmation tone indicate that your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 if you'd like to remove your question from the queue. For participants that are using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment, please, while we poll for questions. Thank you. Our first question is from the line of Andrew Lazar with Barclays. Pleased to see you with your questions.