Ingevity Corporation Common Stock

Thank you, Mr. Gallagher. You may begin.

Thank you, Jesse. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to Ingevity's first quarter 2020 earnings conference call. On slide number two, you see earlier this morning we posted a presentation on the investor section of our website. If you haven't already done so, I'd encourage you to download the file so you can follow along on the call. You can find it by visiting ir.ingevity.com under events and presentations. For our participants who are logged on to our webcast, the slides should be visible in the online viewing pane. are also available to download. On slide two, you'll see our disclaimer that today's earnings call may contain forward-looking statements. Relevant factors that cause actual results to differ materially from these forward-looking statements are contained in our earnings release and in our SEC filings, including our Form 10-K and our most recent Form 10-Q. Longevity undertakes no obligation to publicly release any revision to the projections and forward-looking statements made during this call. or to update them to reflect events and circumstances occurring after the date of the call. Throughout the call, we may refer to non-GAAP financial measures which are intended to supplement, not substitute for comparable GAAP measures. Definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations to comparable GAAP financial measures are included in our earnings release and can be found on the investor relations section of our website. Our agenda is on slide three. With me today are Rick Kelson, Chairman of the Board and Interim President and CEO, John Fortson, Executive Vice President and CFO, Mike Smith, President of Performance Chemicals, and Ed Woodcock, President of Performance Materials. First, Rick will comment on the highlights of the quarter and then discuss some of the actions we've taken related to the coronavirus. Then, Mike and Ed will review the performance of our two segments. John will discuss our current financial status. and then Rick will make some remarks about our outlook for the rest of 2020 and John will review our revised annual guidance and the one-time special guidance we provided for the second quarter given the unusual nature of the current environment. Rick will offer some closing thoughts and then we'll open the call for Q&A. And with that, it's my pleasure to turn the call to Rick Kelson.

Thanks, Dan. And good morning to everyone. Thank you for joining us this morning. We appreciate your interest in longevity. If you turn this slide four, you'll note some highlights for the quarter. Longevity delivered strong first quarter despite initial impacts from the coronavirus or COVID-19. The effects of the coronavirus on the first quarter financial results were not as severe as we had expected in mid-February. Clearly, the reduction in Chinese auto demand impacted our performance materials results, to the extent we expected. However, most other COVID-19 related impacts in the performance chemicals appears to have been delayed. As John and I will discuss later, we expect the effects of the coronavirus to more significantly begin in the second quarter. Overall revenues in the first quarter were $288 million, up 4% when compared to the previous year's quarter. Despite weakness in China, the performance chemicals Performance Materials segment grew respectively in the quarter. Sales in the Performance Chemicals segment were essentially flat as increases in pavement and oil field technologies and the addition of the engineered polymer business were offset by weakness in the industrial specialties applications. With respect to earnings, adjusted EBITDAs were $92 million, up $9 million, or 10% from the previous year's quarter. For the fifth consecutive quarter, we achieved an adjusted EBITDA margin of 30% or more at 32% up 180 basis points versus the prior year. For the quarter, we generated outstanding free cash flow of $41 million versus the previous year's quarter of minus $36 million. This enabled us to reduce our leverage, which now stands at 2.7 times net debt to adjusted EBITDA. As I said earlier, we posted these solid results despite impacts from the coronavirus. And if you turn to slide five, I'd like to review some of the steps we've taken in relation to the pandemic. From the beginning, Ingevity recognized that the coronavirus had the potential to impact the global economy and took steps early. Our facilities in China took swift and efficient steps at the outset, and we have made sure we learned from their actions and instituted the proper precautions on a global scale. And I'm happy to report that currently we're not aware of any Ingevity employees domestic or international who has tested positive for COVID-19. We have taken what I believe to be a wide and appropriate set of measures which are listed on this slide. We activated our business continuity team and a task force to coordinate all of our efforts. We developed positive test scenarios and tools and enhanced employee communications. In terms of employee health, We've implemented work from home and social distancing initiatives, limited travel and visitation, provided free telehealth services to employees and dependents, and are taking temperatures at all production facilities. Our China locations all resumed full operation after the Chinese New Year. The performance chemical sites are running normally. We have scaled back operations at our performance material facilities and implemented temporary furloughs. and we have delayed planned capital projects at Covington, Virginia and Warrington in the UK. Financially speaking, out of an abundance of caution, we drew down $250 million from our revolver to ensure our liquidity during the crisis and in fact expect to see certain savings as a result. Lastly, we began a deep dive webinar series to provide investors with insights into the strategies of each of our businesses. We believe that we'll be taking all of the right steps to keep our employees safe and healthy, and we are working hard to be responsive to our customers and maintain a strong balance sheet and solid financial status. If you turn to slide six, you'll see the first quarter results for Performance Chemicals. At this point, I'll turn the call over to Mike Smith, President, Performance Chemicals. Mike?

Thanks, Rick. Segment sales in the first quarter were $167 million, essentially flat versus the prior year period. This includes the addition of the engineered polymers products. Sales into industrial specialty applications, and these include printing inks, adhesives, agricultural chemicals, lubricants, and others, were down about $16 million, or 17%. Sales in this area were affected by weak demand in industrial markets, and the exit of an unprofitable distributor agreement. We continue to see an oversupply of alternate materials, particularly low-priced gum rosin, as compared to the prior year's quarter. We are beginning to see an uptick in prices for Chinese gum rosin since the beginning of the year. Generally, however, we continue to experience pressure on rosin markets. Sales of performance chemicals products to oilfield customers were up about 3% versus the prior year. This business, as you would expect, continues to weather through volatility. Worldwide glut of inventory and depressed prices driven by reduced demand are negatively impacting the whole industry, including North America drilling and production. According to Baker Hughes, the U.S. rig count at the end of the first quarter was down 8.4% versus the fourth quarter and down 21% compared to the first quarter of last year. However, since the end of March, the U.S. rig count has decreased a further 36%. Having said that, we have had some success with new customers in the Middle East and China. These are initiatives that we began several years ago as part of our strategy to expand our geographic presence and are now beginning to develop. Sales to pavement applications were up 12% in the first quarter, which as you know is a seasonally slow quarter. We are clearly experiencing a solid start to the paving season, especially in North America. We're also seeing increased business in some South American countries. We continue to accelerate our innovation efforts in this business, and we are seeing strong adoption and price improvement for our EvoFirm warm mix asphalt technology. In the performance chemical segment, as I said, we have the benefit of the additional revenue from our Engineer Polymers product lines. These results, though, were 13% below prior year's pro forma period, which assumes that we had owned the business for the full years 2019 and 2020 due to lower sales in Europe. It's important to note that this was a tough comp, meaning that the year-ago first quarter was particularly strong for this business. Sequentially, this quarter saw a 16.3% improvement versus the fourth quarter of 2019. We are continuing to see increased sales of thermoplastics, especially in North America, for bioplastic applications as we continue to globalize this business and move towards more high-value, derivatized products. And as we've reported before, margins remain strong and are holding up well for the engineered polymers. Performing chemicals segment EBITDA were $31 million, down 4%. Segment EBITDA, as reported, benefit from reduced spending or offset by lower volumes, price mix, and foreign currency exchange. Segment EBITDA margins fell slightly from 19.3% to 18.6, a decline of 70 basis points. With that, I'll turn the call over to Ed Woodcock, President, Performance Materials, to review the results for the segment.

Ed? Thanks, Mike. Turning to Performance Materials, as you can see on slide number seven, Segment delivered solid results and growth despite issues in the automotive industry driven by the coronavirus, predominantly in China for this quarter. Segment sales in the second quarter were $121 million, up 11% versus the prior year's quarter. Sales in China increased significantly in the year-over-year quarter as automakers there have essentially completed the implementation of the China 6 standard. In our estimation, China's automakers were at an approximately 99% compliance rate. That said, the significant downturn in auto production in China caused by the coronavirus impacted our sales sharply in February and muted what could have been an extraordinarily quarterly sales result. Because of the shutdowns, light vehicle production was down in China by 47% in the first quarter. Fortunately, Chinese automakers are now rapidly coming back online. And in fact, we estimate that Chinese passenger vehicle retail sales for the first three weeks of April are only down 7% versus prior year period sales. We are continuing to see strong sales of both our base automotive activated carbon products and our honeycomb scrubber products used to comply with U.S. EPA Tier 3, LEV 3 gasoline vapor emission standards. We estimate that the industry is above the mandated compliance rate of 80% for the 2020 model year. In the first quarter, we did not see the production downturn of the automotive industry as much as in China. though that now is changing. North American vehicle production was down 11% through March. Sales in the European Union and in other regions were essentially flat. Again, we will see a sharp impact in these regions in the second quarter due to the virus. In the quarter, performance materials segment EBITDA were $61 million, up $10 million, or 20%, versus the prior year segment EBITDA, We experienced solid price and mix improvement in the segment. We also saw reduced production costs. Segment EBITDA margins were 50.5% in the first quarter versus 46.9% in the prior year period. At this point, I'll turn the call over to John Fortson, our Executive Vice President, CFO, and Treasurer, for a more detailed review of our financial status.

John? Thanks, Ed. Good morning, everyone. I will provide some additional color on our first quarter results and review our capital structure. I'll then turn the call back to Rick for some perspectives on the rest of 2020. And then I'll return to discuss our revised annual guidance and our one-time second quarter guidance. Turning to page eight, as Rick, Mike, and Ed have covered the revenue and EBITDA of the company and its segments, I will begin at the SG&A line on the income statement. SG&A is essentially even with the previous year, down 1.5%. On a percentage of sales basis, our total SG&A is down 70 basis points. And our core SG&A, which excludes the amortization of $8 million included in SG&A from acquisitions, was down 170 basis points, reflecting our focus on cost discipline across the company, which is receiving extra attention in the current environment. Net interest expense for the quarter was $10.9 million, which decreased almost 2% year over year. The provision for income taxes on adjusted earnings was $9.8 million for the quarter. Our adjusted tax rate for the quarter was 17.2%. We expect our fiscal year 2020 estimated cash tax rate to be in the range of 18 to 20%. Diluted adjusted earnings per share were $1.12, up 13% from the quarter a year ago. Before the full impacts of the coronavirus were apparent, we purchased 750,000 shares and an average price of $43.18. Approximately $468 million remains available for repurchases in our current authorization. We generated outstanding free cash flow of $41 million, up versus negative $36 million in the prior year's quarter. As a reminder, the prior year's quarter cash flow was negatively impacted by $31 million of costs related to the CAPA acquisition. Adjusting for the prior year CAPA acquisition cash outflows, our free cash flow increased in the year-over-year period by over $45 million. This is a great outcome in the first quarter. As those of you who follow us know, we typically consume cash in our first quarter as we prepare for the payment season. We appreciate the efforts across Ingevity to work both with our customers and suppliers and ensuring we manage our cash positions. Turning to slide nine, you'll see our current capital structure. Our borrowing rate at the end of the quarter for our revolver was LIBOR plus 150 basis points. And the borrowing rates of our term loans are LIBOR plus 100 and LIBOR plus 150 basis points. Of the term loans, 166 million has been hedged in euros to be fixed at 1.35%. The resultant weighted average interest rate was approximately 3.33%. The rate on our senior notes remains fixed at 4.5%, and the $80 million industrial revenue bond borrowing rate remains at 7.67%. Net debt as of March 31st was $1.113 billion. Our net debt to EBITDA was 2.7 times, down from the fourth quarter of 2019 at 2.8. Trade working capital for the quarter increased from the previous quarter to $272 million, which is 21% of sales versus 20% in the previous quarter. In regards to our capital allocation, given recent events and the impacts of the coronavirus to our business, our priorities have shifted somewhat. We are first and foremost taking necessary steps to ensure our liquidity and maintain a strong balance sheet. We are focused on returning to our long-term target of net leverage between two and two and a half times. And at the same time, if and when the market stabilizes, being opportunistic with share repurchases, as we did earlier in the first quarter before the full scope of the coronavirus impacts were known. While we continue to examine M&A opportunities, we are weighing those in light of the preferred uses of capital as outlined previously. Additional information will be available in our Form 10-Q, which we expect to file later today. If you turn to Slide 10, I'll turn the call over to Rick for some views on the rest of the year.

Thanks, John. Overall, we expect that the coronavirus and its subsequent effects on the global economy will impact a variety of our businesses in a variety of ways. And generally, we expect more significant impacts from the coronavirus to begin in the second quarter. In performance chemicals, we expect Chinese gum rosin prices to increase modestly but not to a significant degree. As such, we are forecasting continued pressure on the rosin market. Oilfield industry is likely to be volatile through 2020 with sharp impact on North American drilling, slightly offset by some opportunities we hope to capitalize on in international markets. The paving business is expected to grow steadily this year. We're already seeing a normal growing paving season, and should a federal infrastructure bill pass, that would only serve as a tailwind. We are expecting some normality in the Chinese and European paving markets as we expand our geographic reach. As for engineered polymers, we expect to see steady growth throughout the remainder of the year with strong results in certain markets such as bioplastics. For performance materials, the picture is a little murkier since we are much more dependent on the auto industry in this segment. Our guidance assumptions reflect global auto sales and production that continue to decline to a floor in April. However, if North America recovers in much the same manner as China, we will reach a 75% to 85% level of production by the end of the year. Lastly, we are seeing increased orders in Europe as some customers are coming to us as their automotive activated carbon provider. So, these are the fundamental assumptions we've made to develop our revised guidance, which John will review.

On slide 11, you'll see our revised guidance for the year. To account for the uncertainties related to COVID-19, we are revising and broadening our guidance for sales to between 1.1 billion and 1.2 billion. and adjusted EBITDA to between $310 million and $350 million. We'll be controlling our capital expenditures and currently plan to spend about $85 million down from our previous guidance. As such, we expect free cash flow for the year to be between $130 and $170 million. Our revised guidance range really incorporates three potential outcomes for the year. It is difficult to determine the exact rates at which the auto consumer will return to buying in each region of the world. China's current sales represent a rapid recovery from their shutdown. However, it is difficult to know A, if this will be sustained in China, and B, if this template will be followed in other regions of the world. Therefore, we have developed three scenarios, a low, mid, and high case, each reflective of assumptions around the The rate of auto sales in North America, China, and Europe for the remainder of the year. These scenarios represent our best current thinking on the markets we are facing. It is important to note a significant assumption in all three scenarios. We do not forecast a full recovery of auto sales to 2019 levels. But rather, as Rick discussed, that on a monthly basis, the markets will finish the year at 75% to 85% of 2019 sales. Our scenarios vary when in the year these rates will be achieved in each region. The first, most punitive case, assumes that oil prices remain in the high teens, lower 20s, dollars per barrel, and that the auto consumer globally does not recover to the 75% to 85% level until sometime in the fourth quarter. Our mid-range scenario maintains the same assumptions regarding oil prices, but assumes that auto sales stabilize at these assumed levels in the middle of the third quarter. Our final high-end scenario assumes some stabilization of oil in the mid-20s range and the auto sales market reaches the 75% to 85% level in the early part of the third quarter. Currently, we do not see a recovery of the auto market to 2019 levels until 2021 or beyond. We do reserve the right to adjust these ranges up or down over the course of the year as we gain more clarity. In addition, this morning we provided special one-time information on the coming quarter and advised that second quarter 2020 revenue will be down 25 to 30% and adjusted EBITDA will be down 35 to 40% versus the second quarter of 2019. This guidance is driven by the shutdown of auto production in Europe and North America, as well as current sales estimates in China for the quarter. These numbers assume North American and European manufacturers resume production on the dates announced and at reduced rates as estimated by us and other forecasts. As the year progresses, there are a variety of levers that we will be looking at implementing in order to enhance our financial performance. Included in these are further adjusting or delaying certain capital projects, furloughs beyond what we've already implemented, and reduced corporate spending. As we demonstrated in 2015 and 2016, we focus on controlling what costs we can in environments that are challenging. With that, please turn to slide 12, and I will now turn the call back over to Rick.

Thanks, John.

There are most certainly unprecedented times from a business standpoint.

And while we have limited certainty on what the rest of the year will bring, we have sought to share with our investors the best information we have in order to provide a level of transparency into what we believe the rest of the year holds. We would emphasize that guidance means just that, guidance. but based on the experience of our business leaders, we believe these are reasonable estimates and we're going to try our very best to meet them. We're working from a position of financial strength and we're working to control what we can control in a tumultuous environment. We are largely reliant either way on conditions in our fee end use applications, particularly the automotive industry. As automotive OEMs and customers, and other key industries important to Ingevity Recover. We will be prepared and in a solid position to bounce back with them. But I would also like to remind the investment community of the differentiating factors or long-term investment thesis behind Ingevity. We believe we're well positioned for value creation. As a market leading global specialties company, we continue to leverage our technical expertise to the benefit of customers. Combined with a strong balance sheet and experienced management team, we believe the soundness of our strategy and our sharp execution warns continued investment in longevity in the long term. Lastly, as I mentioned earlier, we have started a series of webinars to provide investors with insights into the growth strategies for our businesses. Our next webinar will focus on engineered polymers, on May 28th, and I encourage all of you to join us if you can. In closing, I appreciate the work and efforts of our 1,850 employees worldwide. They are a distinct competitive advantage for us. We continue to believe very strongly in the long-term potential for our company. We hope you share our enthusiasm for Ingevity. At this point, operator will open the call to questions.

Thank you. We will now be conducting the question and answer session. If you would like to ask the question, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. The confirmation tool will indicate that your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment, please while we poll for questions. Thank you. Our first question comes from John McNulty with BMO Capital Markets. Please proceed with your questions.

Yeah, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Glad to hear everybody's doing well on the health front too. So in the performance materials segment, I guess how should we think about how much inventory may be in the system either with you or with your customers? Because I guess the Asia pick back up looks like it may sequentially at least be pretty meaningful. I guess I'm wondering if you're going to feel all of that part of that, how should we be thinking about that?

Yeah, John, this is Ed. Yes, you know, obviously with almost zero demand in EMEA and in North America over the past several weeks, months, it seems like, we have obviously taken a temporary downtime at our facilities and temporary furloughs of the employees to try to adjust our inventory. From an inventory perspective with our customers or within their system, there's probably a couple weeks in that. Obviously, the shutdowns of the OEMs put some of the suppliers in positions of having products that they were stuck with for waiting for production to restart. So we expect somewhere around maybe two to three weeks of lag of inventory in the system globally.

Got it. Now that's helpful. And then just to be clear in terms of a in terms of some of the color that you gave. On the auto industry returning to 75% to 85% levels, I assume that's volumetric autos. It's not a revenue forecast for the performance materials business. I know you do have some year-over-year benefits rolling in from some of the regulatory new product demand. So can you just confirm that one way or the other?

Yes, John, that's correct. We're speaking about prior year numbers of vehicles sold in each region.

Got it. Okay. And then I guess just the last question is maybe a little bit of a nitty-gritty question, but on the performance chemicals decline that you saw, what portion of that 17%, I think it was, was tied to the distributor business being cut out, and how much of it was just actual weakness at the end market? How should we think about that?

Yeah, John, this is Mike. About $5 million of the industrial specialties decline was the distributor agreement that we backed out of.

Got it. Thanks very much for the help. You're welcome.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Jim Sheehan with SunTrust. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning. Thank you. I'm curious about the performance materials, EBITDA margins, the top 50% for the first time. Wondering which road that and whether you think that's sustainable for the rest of the year.

Yeah, first, your last question, I don't think it's sustainable for the rest of the year, but it was a very good first quarter for us. Our production facilities really outperformed in the quarter. We also had, if you think of China's Q1 of last year, there was relatively little China 6 compliance in that Q1. And today we're sitting on near 100% implementation rate in China. But I'd also say our honeycombs had a very good quarter in NAFTA as well. and then price being a key component as well for it. So I think all those nicely lined up to generate a very high EBITDA margin quarter for us.

This is obviously an unusual year, Jim, right? But as you know, and we talk frequently, you cannot look at this business quarter on quarter like that. That actually happened to us first quarter of last year, if you recall. We put up a very high number. Every year is different because of downtime, production schedules. As we said, in a normalized environment, the margins in that segment will continue to accrete when you look at it on a year-over-year basis. But it's a long-winded way of saying don't get too excited over that. So it's a great margin. Okay.

And then can you talk about some of the patent suits and intellectual property challenges you have around the honeycomb scrubbers? Do you have any updates on any of the litigation?

There's not really an update, Jim. As you know, the ITC, we did appeal their decision not to take up our protest, but that appeal, they decided to uphold the ruling of the lower judge, which is not a surprise to us in any way, shape, or form, so there's nothing really new to report. Assuming that things stay on schedule, the trial should start in the fall, but we'll see if that, in this environment, who knows.

Okay, and in performance chemicals, can you talk about the competitive dynamics of that industry in a low oil price environment? Are you seeing more competitive intensity aside from the gum rosin issues you already mentioned? And also in engineered polymers, maybe you can talk about how the low oil price environment affects your profitability there.

Okay, sure, Jim. First, you know, as of this point, The low oil price really has not impacted the overall performance chemical business. We're going to have to be carefully monitoring the TOPA price in particular, given the downturn in oil field, but We've moved a lot of that business to more specialty derivatives, so we're very focused on maintaining those margins and doing our best to maintain the price improvement that we've achieved over the last few years. In terms of engineered polymers, first I'd say that this is a highly specialty application The pricing and performance within that business is driven by the solution value that it brings to a wide degree of customers. So we do not anticipate significant swings either way related to the oil industry. We'll certainly be mindful of any competitive pressure. And we likely will see some tailwinds from a raw material standpoint in that business, and so we'll be working hard to keep that in our pocket, as you will, given the specialty nature of that business. Thank you.

It's pretty important, Jim. It's pretty important to note the work that that chemical segment team has done. When you think back to where that business was in 15, 16, and when oil went from sort of $100 down to the 30s, as to where we are today, that business is in a very different place. They've done a lot of work reformulating. They've taken a lot of costs out, and it's in a very different cost position. So it's part of why our margins have expanded so much in that segment, but it's also why we're just in a different spot than we were back then.

Very helpful. Thank you very much. You're welcome, Jim.

Thanks. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of John Tamwanting with CGS Securities. Please proceed with your question.

Good morning, guys, and thank you for the questions and the time last quarter and also for providing guidance when a lot of companies are not doing that. First, can you talk about the breakdown for the Q2 revenue and EBITDA guidance? If you go by segment or by business line or region, where do you see the most areas of most weakness or even relative strength?

As you know, John, we don't provide typically that sort of guidance in the quarter. As we've tried to lay out, the bulk of the challenge really is related to North American and European auto shutdowns, which I'm sure you're following. Some of them are going to come back up next week. Some of them are coming up a little bit later, two weeks after that. Then you have to make some assumptions around at what rates they're going to start coming back at and what the slope of that line looks like, right? So that's how we've gotten to those numbers.

Okay, fair enough. And then, you know, as governments and automakers are pressured around the world, do you expect any changes at this point to either emissions regulations that are on the books or maybe planned for the future? Have you been hearing anything like that?

Yeah, this is Ed John. You know, an update, I mean, Brazil is still on track for their 2022 implementation that will run through 2025. We are seeing not necessarily regulatory changes, but we are seeing harmonization, and really it's more of an optimized canister mix for automotive OEMs. You know, effectively they have three canister designs, one being for the U.S.-Canadian markets for the Tier 3 LEV3, The next canister design is an ORVR canister for China. And then the third one is Euro 6D canisters. And so instead of having multiple different canisters, we are seeing particularly the Asian manufacturers working towards simplifying their canister mix designs to those three types of canisters. Having Euro 6D be a common platform across the world is helpful for us because it also increases the size of a canister and it shifts more towards pellets, less from granular.

Got it. Thank you. And then finally, just any update on the CEO search? I don't know if you mentioned that earlier at all.

This is Rick. We have engaged a search firm and we and the search firm are screening internal and external candidates as part of the process. We're moving as expeditiously as we think prudent, but the key is to get the right person. So we're doing this the right way and it will progress and hopefully wrap up Sooner as opposed to later, but you know how these things are. Got it. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Ian Sassino with Oppenheimer. Please proceed with your question.

Hi, great. Thank you. I have done a little bit late, but can you just give us an update on what's happening over at CAPA? Also, as far as, you know, Brexit, how you're preparing and what you've maybe seen there. Thanks.

Hi, Ian. This is Mike. Yeah, we're quite pleased with how CAPA business, our engineered polymers, has continued to progress. Certainly met our expectations in the first quarter. As you can see, sequential, you know, strong increase from the fourth quarter and the second half of last year on a top line basis. So I think that's all quite positive. And, you know, we're going to continue to work on the development of new applications. Depending on when you came in, we had noted that we've had some good success in the thermoplastic area, especially due to new demand for bioplastics. So that's quite positive.

Thank you very much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Chris Capps with Loop Capital Markets. Please proceed with your question.

Yeah, good morning. I have a couple follow-ups. Just on the performance materials segment and the impressive margin, the margin improvement, you explicitly mentioned manufacturing costs, also mentioned a mixed benefit and some pricing. You didn't mention the bleeding off of higher cost inventories that you had built in China ahead of the So I'm just wondering if that contributed also or if that's something that's still to benefit the business as we re-ramp in China.

Chris, that inventory was largely done at the end of last year, right? So we didn't really see – that really did not play a role. If anything, it was the other way. We're trying to work to manage the inventory as the OEMs have had shutdowns.

Got it. Okay. Okay. and then appreciate the details on the scenario analysis and with respect to the gradual ramp, timing uncertain to the sort of 75 to 80% levels for auto builds, whether it's exiting this year or beyond, just curious if that magnitude of that level of production, for North America and China. Is it comparable or do you expect one region to be stronger than the other? The reason I ask is obviously China's auto builds prior to COVID had been out of sales, I should say, had been down probably, what, just 10 months consecutively before the pandemic.

Yeah, Chris, this is Ed. I'd answer the China one. We're actually seeing a rather quick V-shaped recovery in China today. I think part of it is due to reticence to use mass transit. So you're seeing consumers buying vehicles so they can basically have a safer way of getting to wherever they're going, office, et cetera. I do expect EMEA and NAFTA to have a much more U-shaped recovery. They've got, you know, they're just now beginning to restart. The restart is going to be gradual, likely be single shift oriented, and really they've got to get their logistics chains working as well. So I think it's going to take time. It's very complex. AMEA and NAFTA also source parts from outside of their home region. So the whole transit, ocean transit issue is also going to be complex as far as getting the system back up and operating. We're also kind of heading into July, which is typically a model changeover period. So I think that's an opportunity for the OEMs as well to take a look at their inventories, but also they're going to reevaluate whether they introduce new vehicles or continue to operate with older platforms and generate some cost savings by not having to issue the new ones. So, you know, I think Q2 is really going to kind of be a little bit of a slog up. but I think starting in July we'll have a better feel for consumer demand as well as how the OEMs are able to get their production backed up to a more normalized rate.

Got it. That's very helpful and then just one quick follow-up nuanced around the oil field business you mentioned. A little surprised I think probably people were that sales were up and you mentioned the international sales. Curious if that business you saw was that sort of like a one-time spot sale in nature or is it business that's actually been spec'd into projects that should therefore have some sustainable aspect to it? Thank you.

Hi Chris, this is Mike. We anticipate that that business should be sustainable. As we mentioned, it's business that we've been working on for a few years and have had some gains there and we hope to continue to participate strongly outside of North America.

Great. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from Daniel Rizzo with Jefferies. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, guys. Just one quick question. Can you just remind us how you protect intellectual property in China and how that dynamic may change if and when, or I should say when, China goes to a higher standard, to a tier three standard, which may require some type of scrubber?

Yeah, Dan, this is Ed. Our 844 patent, which is the one that expires in March of 2022, we do not have that patent in China. Yet we are still the preferred provider of products for the China market. So, you know, I think, you know, it speaks well to the quality of our products and the efficacy that they have to have to last the life of the vehicle. We do have new patents, our next round of patent protection in China as well. So as China looks at doing regulatory change, that's likely going to be a positive tailwind for us with the patents that we hold.

Okay. Thank you. And then you mentioned this briefly, I think in your repair remarks, but about maybe just pulling back a little bit on M&A. But I was wondering, when you first got into the capital business, you mentioned that there were some adjacencies that were very attractive. I was wondering if you still find that very attractive, maybe not the next three months given the current environment, but if we look at longer term.

Nothing, Dan, in the long term thesis has changed. We continue to view CAPA as a very strong company and business that fits in our portfolio. We remain interested in growing that business both internally and externally. The only Caveat is in this environment, when you look across how you would deploy capital, there's just not a lot of opportunities, nor would it necessarily be the right thing to do right now as we kind of navigate through the current uncertainty. But nothing's changed with regards to the long-term strategy.

Thank you very much.

Thank you. As a reminder, ladies and gentlemen, if you would like to ask a question at this time, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. Our next question comes from the line of Mike Sison with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.

Hey, guys. Glad to hear everybody's safe and sound. When you think about maybe rebuilding earnings power for you guys, and I understand it's quite a tough environment right now, but If you think of more of a normalized potential, you know, do we sort of get back to your initial guidance over time or is it back to 19 levels? And it sounds like if auto bills come back, you're sort of there. Can you maybe just walk us through how we sort of get back to a higher earnings power once things, you know, sort of normalize over time?

Mike, you're thinking about it the right way, right? I mean, ultimately, to the extent that the global auto consumer returns to more normalized buying patterns, we clearly will be sort of back on track in that business, right? And likewise, I think you are correct. I think the performance chemicals segment, and I think as you including Kappa is going to ride this storm pretty well and might surprise some people with the stability that they have. To my point earlier, it's just a different business than it was the last 15, 16, not nearly as geared or levered, if you will, to oil prices. It's still there as a relationship, but not like it used to be. So, you know, just some general Improvements in the broader macro, and I think you'll see performance chemicals continue to grow. I mean, we are not that far away from where both CAPA and the asphalt businesses are really driving that segment's sort of future, right? And they're gaining scale, and as the economy improves, I think you'll just see that accelerate.

Right. And then in terms of CAPA, I think the opportunity was to derivatize more of the monomer. Given things are slow, to say the least, but is this an opportunity to get into clients quicker or more often? I know the shelter at home might be difficult, but to showcase what you guys can do and help them during this time period?

This is Mike. We're continuing to do whatever we can to engage with customers. and we're doing that through video conferencing and Zoom just like we're doing internally and I've been very impressed with our commercial and technical organizations to try to stay engaged. So I don't think that our approach to it is that much different. It's always been the direction and strategy of that business to add value to customers and give them those solutions which generally come through those derivatized products and during this period, we're continuing to do our best wherever we can in order to make that kind of progress. There may be a little bit less that some of our customers can actually do in their laboratories at this time, but we'll keep working on doing whatever we can.

Got it. Well, I hope you guys are okay, but one quick follow-up in terms of the –

We're having a fire drill here, so I'm going to keep you on mute in between the questions.

Go ahead. In terms of, you know, pine chemicals, I mean, it does appear that the olefin competitive products will be, you know, prices will come down. I know you mentioned in an earlier question that you didn't think lower oil would be an issue, but are there pockets of the portfolio that could have issues with those olefin alternatives, or... Overall, do you think the portfolio is balanced enough that it won't be a secular negative?

We unfortunately are going to have to exit this building. We didn't say we're not going to have any impacts, Mike. We're definitely going to have some impacts. It's just not as amplified as it was the last time around. But What we'll try and do is we speak with each of you guys on the calls the rest of the afternoon. We'll try and answer any follow-up questions, but sorry about this, and we appreciate you guys dialing into our call.

We do. Thank you.

Ladies and gentlemen, we thank you for your participation on today's event. You may disconnect your lines at this time.