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Operator
Thank you for joining the Packaging Corporation of America's second quarter 2022 earnings results conference call. Your host today will be Mark Calzan, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of PCA. Upon conclusion of his narrative, there will be a Q&A session. I will now turn the conference over to Mr. Calzan. Please proceed when you are ready.
Mark Calzan
Good morning, and thank you for participating in Packaging Corporation of America's second quarter 2022 Earnings Release Conference Call. I'm Mark Holzan, Chairman and CEO of PCA, and with me on the call today is Tom Hasfurther, the Executive Vice President who runs our packaging business, and Bob Munday, our Chief Financial Officer. I'll begin the call with an overview of our second quarter results, and then I'll be turning the call over to Tom and Bob, who will provide more details. I'll then wrap things up, and then we'd be glad to take questions. Yesterday we reported second quarter net income of $301 million or $3.20 per share. Second quarter net income included special items expenses of 2 cents per share primarily for certain costs at the Jackson, Alabama mill for paper to container board conversion related activities. The details of the special items for both the second quarter of 2022 and 2021 were included in the schedules that accompanied the earnings press release. Excluding special items, second quarter 2022 net income was $304 million or $3.23 per share compared to the second quarter 2021 net income of $207 million or $2.17 per share. Second quarter net sales were $2.2 billion in 2022 and $1.9 billion in 2021. Total company EBITDA for the second quarter, excluding the special items, was $533 million in 2022 and $397 million in 2021, excluding the special items. The $1.06 per share increase in second quarter 2022 earnings compared to the second quarter of 2021 was driven primarily by higher prices and mix of $2.04 and volume $0.12 in the packaging segment and higher prices and mix in the paper segment of $0.18. Scheduled outage expenses were favorable by $0.08 per share. interest expense was lower by 3 cents, a lower share count resulting from 2021 repurchases was favorable by 3 cents, and other items were favorable 3 cents per share. These items were partially offset by 95 cents of inflation-related operating costs, particularly with energy, fiber, chemicals, operating labor, repair labor and materials, and several other indirect and fixed cost areas. Freight and logistics expenses have now moved higher for eight quarters in a row and were $0.25 per share above the second quarter of 2021. We also had inflation-related increases in our converting costs, which were higher by $0.10 per share, and depreciation expense was up $0.08 per share over last year. Volume in our paper segment was lower by $0.06 per share compared to last year when we were still running uncoated free sheet on number one machine at the Jackson, Alabama mill, and our tax rate was higher by $0.01 per share. Results were $0.40 above the second quarter guidance of $2.83 per share, primarily due to higher prices and mix in the packaging segment. lower scheduled outage expenses of 7 cents per share resulting from the postponement of the International Falls outage from the second quarter to the third quarter, and lower fiber and energy costs resulting from efficiency and usage initiatives. Looking at the packaging business, EBITDA, excluding special items in the second quarter of 2022 of $525 million, with sales of $2.1 billion resulted in a margin of 25.4% versus last year's EBITDA of $409 million and sales of $1.7 billion or a 23.8% margin. We had great execution of our previously announced price increases and demand in our packaging segment was solid with corrugated demand about flat with last year's record second quarter along with demand out of our container board mills generating new second quarter production and sales volume records. Even with record production from our mills, we still ended the quarter with weeks of container board inventory supply below our historical levels due to demand needs from both internal and external customers. We will be attempting to build some much needed inventory during the third quarter ahead of the significant fourth quarter outage at the Jackson, Alabama mill for the first phase of the number three machine conversion to Virgin Liner Board. We're still experiencing significant inflationary headwinds in our operating costs as well as freight and logistics expenses. However, our mills and plants continue to do an outstanding job of meeting our customers' needs while delivering on numerous cost reduction initiatives, efficiency improvements, integration and optimization enhancements, and capital project benefits to maximize our returns and margins. I'll now turn it over to Tom, who will provide further details on the container board sales and our corrugating business.
Mark Holzan
Thank you, Mark. As Mark mentioned, total corrugated product shipments and shipments per day were essentially flat compared to last year's record second quarter, which was up 9.6% versus the previous year. Outside sales volume of container board was about 41,000 tons above last year's second quarter, which was our lowest outside volume quarter for 2021, but 6,000 tons below the first quarter of this year due to the lower export shipments, strong internal demand, and managing through the scheduled maintenance outages at our mills. Very good implementation of our previously announced price increases, together with profitable revenue growth and mix enhancements, delivered significant value for us during the quarter. Domestic container board and corrugated products prices and mixed together were $1.89 per share above the second quarter of 2021 and up 76 cents per share compared to the first quarter of 2022. Export container board prices were up 15 cents per share versus last year's second quarter and up slightly compared to the first quarter of 2022. As it pertains to our converting facilities, I'd like to reemphasize some of what Mark was pointing out regarding the many things we do to meet our customers' needs, help offset inflation, and improve our margins beyond just price increases. Our operations improvement and capital spending strategies in the corrugated plants have been extremely successful and put us in a position to serve our customers better than ever before, even against a backdrop of unprecedented supply chain and logistical challenges. Improving the processes, technology, and equipment in our plants and optimizing our geographical footprint is driven by our customers' needs and improving our capabilities to grow with them. This strategy also improves our operating and converting efficiencies and delivers cost savings in several areas throughout our facilities. I'll now turn it back to Mark.
Mark Calzan
Thanks, Tom. Looking at our paper segment, EBITDA excluding special items in the second quarter of $32 million, with sales of $150 million or a 21% margin compared to second quarter 2021 EBITDA of $12 million and sales of $142 million or an 8.2% margin. Sales volume was about 12% below last year's second quarter when we were still producing paper on the number one machine at the Jackson, Alabama mill versus producing corrugating medium in this year's second quarter. Paper prices in MIX were 19% higher than last year's second quarter and 5% above the first quarter of 2022, resulting from our previously announced paper price increases. Also, as mentioned earlier, we had to postpone the maintenance outage scheduled at the International Falls Minnesota Mill from the second quarter to the third quarter of this year due to excessive flooding in the area during the weeks prior to the outage. The outstanding efforts around implementing our latest price increase together with optimizing the cost structure, inventory, and product mix delivered excellent margins in our paper business for this quarter. I'll now turn it over to Bob.
Tom
Thanks, Mark. For the second quarter, we generated cash from operations of $324 million and free cash flow of $135 million. Key cash payments during the quarter included capital expenditures of $189 million, common stock dividends of $94 million, cash taxes of $127 million, and net interest payments of $35 million. We ended the quarter with $667 million of cash on hand, or $811 million including marketable securities. Our liquidity on June 30th was $1.1 billion. Primarily due to the postponement of the international fall schedule outage from the second quarter to the third quarter, Our scheduled outage expense will increase from 20 cents per share in the second quarter to 27 cents in the third quarter. And we are estimating 44 cents per share in the fourth quarter. This results in the total company estimated cost impact for the year totaling to $1.06 per share. I'll now turn it back over to Mark.
Mark Calzan
Thanks, Bob. Looking ahead as we move from the second into the third quarter in our packaging segment, Although the majority of our previously announced price increases were recognized in the second quarter, the remaining portion will be implemented during the third quarter. In our paper segment, we will continue implementing our previously announced price increases. And yesterday, we notified our customers of an additional $60 per ton price increase on all office printing and converting grades effective with shipments beginning September 6th. As I mentioned previously, We began the quarter with container board inventories below our target. So we plan to build some inventory ahead of the fourth quarter outage at the Jackson, Alabama mill when we'll begin that first phase of the number three machine conversion to virgin liner board. With economic conditions continuing to be negatively impacted by broad-based inflation and aggressive interest rate increases, we see corrugated products growth as softening in the quarter. but demand still firm as certain end markets work through their current supply of inventory. We expect continued inflation in most all of our operating and converting costs to be primarily driven to be the primary driver of the third quarter results. Higher gas, purchased electricity, and chemical prices, along with a very tight labor market and contractual wage increases driving labor costs higher are expected to be the key areas during the quarter. However, we also still have particularly high inflation-driven costs in repair labor and materials, pallet costs, property rents, outside services, and many other indirect and fixed cost areas. Although we're beginning to see improvements in truck and driver availability, as well as some moderating diesel costs, continued rail service challenges along with rail fuel surcharges that typically lag diesel fuel prices by 30 to 60 days should also result in higher freight and logistics expenses. And finally, as Bob indicated, scheduled outage costs will be $0.07 per share higher due to the International Falls Mill outage that was postponed from the second to the third quarter. Considering these items, we expect the third quarter earnings of $2.80 per share. With that, we'd be happy to entertain any questions, but I must remind you that some of the statements we've made on the call today constituted forward-looking statements. The statements were based on current estimates, expectations, and projections of the company and involve inherent risks and uncertainties, including the direction of the economy and those identified as risk factors in the annual report on Form 10-K on file with the SEC. Actual results could differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. And with that, Matt, I'd like to open the call for questions, please.
Operator
Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star then 1 on your touchtone phone. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. If at any time your question has been addressed and you would like to withdraw your question, please press star then 2. At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble our roster. And our first question will come from George Staffos with Bank of America Securities. Please go ahead.
George Staffos
Hi, thank you. Good morning, everybody. Thanks for all the details, Mark, Tom, and Bob. The first question I had, if you could give us a bit more color to the volume and end market trends that you're seeing. You're saying you expect growth to soften. Should we take that as actually we should see lower volumes, 3Q versus 3Q? You know, how would you sort of guide us or give guardrails around that? And you mentioned some end markets working through some inventory. If you could perhaps give us some color on which end markets and which, you know, inventories are being worked on. Is it finished goods inventories for your customers at retail, or is it their inventories of paper and perhaps boxes? And then I had a couple of quick follow-ons.
Mark Holzan
Hey, George, this is Tom. Hey, Tom, good morning. Hi. Good morning. Let me see if I can answer that question, which is going to take a little while to work through. But right now, just to give you a little color on where we are, we're now billing about 2% below, you know, a year ago. But the bookings trends are starting to go up a little bit. So I think we'll be, you You know, it's going to be, you know, flattish probably, as we said, which is maybe to down just a little bit. But, you know, we're feeling good about the amount of volume that we have and, you know, that we're basically retaining all of those gains that took place during the COVID years. Right now, I think we're going through – we've been going through a cycle – probably the last 30 days and leading into another short-term period going forward where our customers have excessive amounts of inventory. And this is not inventory of boxes. This is inventory of their finished products. You know, almost to a company, they've said that they built inventory based on the demand curve that took place during the COVID years, and that demand curve is now flattened. They're not saying that their business is going to be down, but that it's just flattening. And I think that's a good trend, quite frankly, and a good trend for our business because it kind of fits where we were hoping to be, and that was to retain all those significant gains we had over the last couple of years. And they feel very confident that once they work through these inventory issues, which I think is really our short-term problem, at the end of the second quarter leading into the third quarter. Once they come out of that, they're going to go back to demand trends that are more equivalent to where they were last year.
George Staffos
Tom, thanks for that. My two quick follow-ons, and I appreciate all the color. Is there a way, Bob or Mark, to bridge 2Q to 3Q? We obviously have the outage swap being call it 7 cents. Would it be fair to say, you know, the $0.40 in total sequential change from 2Q to 3Q, that maybe volumes and the decremental margins are maybe $0.15 to $0.20, and then the higher costs that you cited are the residual in terms of getting to that $0.40? And then recognizing you don't want to give up too much color here, can you talk about what went particularly well in terms of your execution on pricing and mix, such that you were better than your expectations going into the quarter. Thanks, and good luck in the quarter.
Mark Calzan
Yeah. Hey, Bob, why don't you go ahead and start that, and then we can let Tom finish that.
Tom
Yeah, yeah. Hey, George. Yeah, you're pretty close, George. You know, if you look at Tom's comments regarding third quarter volume and And as we've indicated, you know, we still have a little bit of a tailwind from the latest price increase that we'll work through into the third quarter. You know, the net of that is certainly, you know, that's a positive number between those two. But, you know, it's the inflationary components and the ones that we pointed out, you know, in the release with freight costs and logistics costs because, you know, primarily on the rail side, and chemicals, you know, starch, lime, soda, ash, resins, you know, all up again this quarter. But, you know, the largest hit is with natural gas and purchased electricity. You know, we went up almost 30% 1Q to 2Q, and 2Q to 3Q, it's another, like, 26% higher. And then you throw in the labor. We have some contractual wage increases that come through this quarter in the mills and the box plants. And then you look at supplies and materials and operating items and so forth. The suppliers we get those from, they have the same issues that we're dealing with around their costs and their labor and whatnot. So that gets priced into what we buy from them. And so it becomes a rather large number that offsets that positive that we see between the price tailwind and the volume that Tom spoke to.
George Staffos
Understood. And on just pricing execution, what went better?
Mark Holzan
Yeah, I think everything across the board went very well in the price execution and continues to be so. I would add, in addition, when it comes to volume, You know, when you go through a price increase, I mean, you have to be prepared to, you know, to perhaps lose some volume as a result of raising prices or improving your mix or whatever the case might be, which, you know, as we've said in the past, we've always been prepared to do and will continue to be prepared to do. George, you also asked about end markets, and I'll give you just a little color on, you know, where we see some of those end markets. And simply put, e-commerce is still going up, not at the growth rate it was, but it's still growing. Food and beverage has held its own and has been very steady. The biggest decline has come in the durables area, which you would have expected if volumes jumped, let's say, 15% to 30% over the last couple of years in some of these durable markets. All of those customers expected their volumes to go back down to 2019 levels and to moderate. So that's no big surprise to us, but certainly an end market that is not going to retain all of the gains and the rate going forward, but it's one of the smaller segments for us.
George Staffos
Thank you very much, guys. Good luck in the quarter.
Mark Calzan
Thank you. Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Mike Roxland with Truist. Please go ahead.
Mike Roxland
Thanks very much. Congrats, guys, on a very good quarter. Just wanted to follow up, Tom, on the comment you just made in response to George's question in terms of durables and one of the smaller segments for PKG. Is there any way to quantify what percentage durables represents of PKG's overall mix?
Mark Holzan
Well, we don't really get into that kind of detail, Mike, but just trust me, it's one of the smaller segments.
Mike Roxland
Got it. And then just following up on the mix, can you talk about some of the mix improvement that helped drive the beat during the quarter? And, Tom, you also mentioned maybe being prepared to walk away from some business. So how much of the mix improvement was PKG being proactive and walking away from business versus customers just being upset with higher prices?
Mark Holzan
Well, I think we've got an ability because of the setup of our box plants and sheet plants to make sure that we ran the business where it needed to be run. We took advantage of our entire system as opposed to just trying to focus on a few plants. And listen, it was very difficult in that high demand curve business that we've been dealing with over the last few years with an incredibly tight labor market to satisfy all of our customers' needs. So, you know, we had to be very focused on making sure that we were doing all the right things and that at the same time we were getting paid appropriately for all those things that we were doing. And, you know, so all in all, Mike, I mean, it's a very complex set of logistical challenges, scheduling challenges, et cetera, that we had to implement. And the team did an incredibly good job making sure that we were as efficient as we possibly could, satisfied all the customers' needs, and captured those opportunities that presented themselves.
Mike Roxland
Got it. And just one final question. You know, in the press release, you called out lower fiber and energy costs resulting from efficiency and usage initiatives. Just wondering if you could provide a little bit more color on what those initiatives are. and whether they've been fully deployed through the mill and box plant system, or if there's more runway for you to deploy them and to drive costs lower. And I ask this question realizing that you've really focused on optimizing your box plant system the last few years following the optimization of your mills. So I'm just wondering if there's any further runway ahead in your box plants.
Mark Calzan
Mike, this is something we do every day. And again, over the last five years, half a dozen years, we've accelerated that process across the box plants. along with the mills. And so it's something that goes on every day, seven days a week, and will continue to go on. And we will always find opportunities to make improvements with. That's one of the advantages of the organization. We have about 150 engineers and technology specialists that are dedicated to assisting with the mills and the box plants seven days a week. And so that will be an opportunity that continues to go on forever.
Mike Roxland
Got it. Thanks very much and good luck in the quarter.
Mark Calzan
All right. Thanks, Mike. Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Mark Wild with Bank of Montreal. Please go ahead.
Mark Wild
Thanks. Good morning, Mark. Good morning. Mark, could we, could we just start by maybe getting an update on sort of cost and, and cadence of the Jackson conversion efforts? Cause you're, I think going to be doing some work in the fourth quarter you mentioned, and I think there's more work scheduled for next year. So if you could just help us with, with how the expenses on that are going to run and then sort of how the capacity at the mill will actually ramp up over time.
Mark Calzan
You know, just to call out the whole project, we were talking approximately $450 million of capital for, not just the machine, but all of the, uh, associated work at the mill. And we're still on track with that. And I think this year we're probably somewhere in that $160 million type spend. Uh, next year we'll wrap that up with about a hundred million dollars of, uh, of final spend on the, uh, spring outage that we've got scheduled or, you know, the, the final phase that, that will take care of that machine. But we're on track, uh, for the original, uh, call out of about $450 million of total capital at the mill.
Mark Wild
Mark, when that's done, what will the capacity of the mill be, and what's just in general terms, what will the fiber mix look like between kind of virgin fiber and recycled?
Mark Calzan
Well, again, we've talked that that machine theoretically would have a capacity of just rounded off 700,000 ton a year type of capability. under the optimal grade mix. As far as the fiber mix, as we've done with all of our mills, we've built in a lot of flexibility. We're getting ready to start up the new OCC plant this summer, and so that will give us a tremendous opportunity to flex the virgin fiber to the OCC and some DLK. I don't want to get into the specifics. It'll be very similar to what we do at DeRitter and Council Mills as far as being able to move that fiber mix around and take advantage of the marketplace. Okay.
Mark Wild
And then, Tom Hathford, I just wanted to talk a little bit about the converting business. I'm just curious from a broad perspective, you know, the impact on kind of productivity and cost that you see from kind of new corrugators and new converting companies. equipment going in across the industry, very similar to, I think, what you've just done up at Washington. Because it seems like just an unprecedented period to me when I look across the industry broadly at the amount of new investment that's going on in converting. I don't know whether you'd agree with that statement.
Mark Holzan
I would say that it's... I wouldn't call it unprecedented necessarily, Mark. I think it seems like that probably because There are so few suppliers to this industry anymore, and the lead times are so far out that you're seeing announcements that are coming about, but if you really take into account when they're actually going to go into place, you're looking at 18 to 24 months from now.
Mark Wild
In terms of when you think about things like the project out in Washington recently, what kind of productivity or cost benefits do you get from kind of these newer, bigger corrugators and also the new downstream converting equipment?
Mark Holzan
Well, there's no question. I mean, you know, this equipment is, you know, provides better cost structures and provides more productivity. But, again, I think you have to use it based on and you have to think of it based on what your mix is, the type of customers you're dealing with, and what your expectations are to be able to service those customers. Mm-hmm. So, you know, they're incredibly expensive investments, and, you know, it's something that I think the, from PCA, I can only speak from PCA's standpoint, from PCA's point of view, we've consistently reinvested in our box plants and our mills, obviously. We've hardly missed a beat in any given year, no matter what's happening in the economy, and I think that's served us very well, but Again, our investments are all based on what our customers are telling us they need and what they want us to do and how they need us to provide the products to them in a timely manner.
Mark Wild
Yeah, okay. And last one. Does it lead you to kind of pivot away at all from the use of sheet plants that you've had over time? I mean, I think that you've probably had a higher proportion of specialty sheet plants than the rest of the industry.
Mark Holzan
Well, I don't see any, you know, for us, we're not pivoting away from that by any means. In fact, you know, again, we're adjusting to the customer needs even in those facilities so that we can satisfy, you know, a complete array of a customer's demands as opposed to just a segment of their demands. So, you know, it's still a very critical piece to how we go to market.
Mark Calzan
You know, Mark, about the investments we've made in these sheet plans for We've not only increased their productivity, but their efficiencies and their capability in terms of what Tom was talking about to satisfy whatever the customer needs and do it in a very efficient, effective fashion.
Mark Wild
Okay, very good. Thanks a lot, guys. I'll turn it over.
Operator
Thank you.
Mark Calzan
Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Mark Weintraub with Seaport Research Partners. Please go ahead.
Mark Weintraub
Thank you. First, just trying to understand the increase in sequential costs, et cetera, third quarter versus second quarter. Would that be similar in magnitude to what you experienced first quarter to second quarter? Is there any slowing you're seeing or any specificity there you could provide?
Tom
Yeah. Mark, this is Bob. it's extremely similar to what we saw first quarter to second quarter. But actually, on the energy side is where it's significantly higher because, like I said, costs went up in the first to second about almost 30%, and now there's another 26-plus percent on top of that. So that's probably the main difference from a cost perspective. But freight and and so on and so forth are very similar. So you're not too far off.
Mark Weintraub
And historically, because if I look back last 10 years, I think all but one year you were up third quarter versus second quarter. Obviously, you typically don't have this experience of as big an increase in cost second to third quarter. Would you typically be getting some seasonal tailwinds, which you're sort of not factoring in this time around?
Tom
Well, one thing that's different that Tom mentioned, it's on the volume side. Typically, if you go back that many years that you've referred to, you wouldn't see volume flat to down a little bit. So that's a big difference, 2Q to 3Q versus what we've done historically. I would say that stands out, and the inflation, of course, that you mentioned. Okay, that makes sense.
Mark Calzan
All right, thanks very much. Okay, next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Adam Josephson with KeyBank Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Adam Josephson
Mark, Bob, Tom, good morning. Thanks always. Good morning, Mark. Tom, would you mind just walking me through? So on the last call, I think you said your bookings in April were up about three and a half. For the quarter, your shipments were about flat. Can you just help me with your shipment trends or your booking trends, however, whatever you want to talk about? how they trended throughout the quarter and then into July. And then I think George asked about July, and you mentioned that I think billings are down a couple percent, but that bookings are starting to turn up. So can you just help us understand the distinction between all these terms that you're throwing out to measure demand?
Mark Holzan
Sure. Sure, Adam, no problem. You know, in April, you know, I believe I told you on the call that we were up about 3.5% at the time and we ended up just shy of that at 3.2% in April. As you went through the quarter, we started to see that decline and we started to hear from those customers, as I mentioned earlier, that they were in a pretty severe inventory situation and they needed to work off some of that inventory. So we've been seeing that and have been experiencing that over the last 90 days or so. And I think it looks as if maybe perhaps we're coming to the end of that. It's almost in timing and in concert with what some of the customers had to say. However, as you can probably well imagine, are we in a recession? Are we not in a recession? All these other things that are being talked about from an economic point of view it leads us to take a fairly conservative approach to, you know, to forecasting at this point in time. And in addition, you know, we just came out of a price increase, you know, during that period of time as well, and we were implementing that price increase. And in some cases, as I mentioned earlier, you've got to be prepared to put some business on the line to do so. So, you know, the price is obviously a bigger lever for us. And, you know, that was an important part of our strategy to go execute. So that's the best I can tell you as to, you know, the forecast going forward and where we are and where we've come through.
Adam Josephson
I know, I appreciate that. And just to clarify that the July, so if billings are down 2% month to date, can you help clarify that bookings comment that you made that more recently they've started to go up? Just help us understand the distinction between the two and why they might seemingly be moving in different directions in July?
Mark Holzan
Well, I think, you know, because billings are, billings are from what happened already. Bookings are looking out, you know, a few weeks to even a month in some cases. And so, you know, you, you start to determine what's, what's the correlation there. And I'm talking about on a volume point of view, not on a price, you know, obviously not revenue point of view. So, So that's the big difference is I'm just looking at what happened already to date from the billing's point of view. Yet from a booking standpoint, I can see a trend that's looking out another two and four weeks and that's getting better than the trend we saw in the billing.
Adam Josephson
And so based on that, I think you said in response to one of George's other questions that for the quarter, you're thinking flattish to down a bit year on year in terms of shipments. Is that right? Right.
Mark Holzan
Correct.
Adam Josephson
Got it. Okay. And also, Tom, just on the inflation, you mentioned freight, I think, having gone up for eight consecutive quarters and all other manner of costs have been highly inflationary for the last two years for reasons we're all well aware of. If, in fact, we do go into a recession, what is your view as to what will happen to that inflation? How embedded do you think certain aspects of that inflation are versus energy and other costs that maybe less so.
Mark Holzan
Well, I think a lot of that inflation is embedded, and I'll tell you why, because we took this big jump in volume and the economy took a big jump over these last few years, unexpected, especially in our business. And I don't see us going down to 2019 levels or even 20 levels anytime soon, I think we'll maintain a lot of that. And, you know, given what we've had and what we're dealing with right now, especially like you take labor shortages as an example, labor shortages are impacting us. They're impacting the freight business. They're impacting every business. And I don't see that subsiding anytime soon either. So I think a lot of those costs are embedded. Now, energy, on the other hand, and some of these others, they can change you know, on a dime given demand and things like that. But some of these other things, certainly in the box business, are quite embedded.
Adam Josephson
I appreciate that. And Tom or Bob, just 3Q to 4Q, just to make sure we're on the same page as you, can you help me with, you know, historically cost are up sequentially 3Q to 4Q as the weather gets colder, et cetera, use more energy, et cetera. And then you have the Jackson project going on. Is there anything we should keep in mind in terms of how much higher one could reasonably expect costs to be 3Q to 4Q seasonally or otherwise related to the Jackson Project?
Tom
Well, yeah, certainly for the Jackson Project, you'll see a lot of that is in that scheduled outage program. sequential movement, Adam, that goes, I think I said 44 cents in the fourth quarter. So, you know, that's a lot of where you'll see the Jackson impact. But as far as the other costs, I mean, we don't expect them to be the, you know, move sequentially like we were seeing, we expect to see between the second and third. And frankly, energy actually usually gets a little better because the temperatures are a little bit milder in the fourth quarter. versus the hot summer months. So you expect some of your usages and some of your chemicals and energy and some of the wood yields and things like that. It typically gets a little better, actually. So we would hope that you don't see near as large a sequential movement in costs going from 3Q to 4Q, but we'll see.
Operator
Got it. Thanks very much, Bob.
Mark Calzan
Thank you. Next question.
Operator
Our next question will come from Philip Ng with Jefferies. Please go ahead.
Phillip
Hey guys. Good morning. Good morning. With the macro backdrop a little less clear at this point, any change in how you're thinking about phasing in the Jackson ramp and how much confidence do you have those tons being sold out effectively when it comes online next year?
Mark Calzan
Again, I think it's important that we get this phase in the fall done. because it's not just a matter of incremental tons, but it's significant cost reduction opportunity. And so along with the final phase that will occur next year, that's another step in not only productivity on the machine, but another big piece of the cost improvement that comes out of the mill. So it's imperative that we get these projects done. And then going through the future, as we always do, we will run to demand and we will optimize our system.
Phillip
Okay. And in appreciating once it's fully ramped up, you know, from a cost profile, it's much enhanced. But remind us how that all plays out just because you're taking the mill down. It's probably not operating, you know, as ideally throughout next year. But from an EBITDA contribution, should we expect it to be up year-over-year? Flat down, I just want to make sure direction we're thinking about it at least the right way.
Mark Calzan
2023 over 2022?
Phillip
Yes.
Mark Calzan
You'd expect it to be up.
Phillip
Okay. All right. That's what I thought.
Mark Calzan
For the very reason I said that not only the productivity incremental tons, but the significant cost reduction.
Phillip
Okay. Super. And then from an energy standpoint, you know, appreciating gas prices are really kind of perked up and that's hard to predict. Can you remind us how much gas, not gas, and electricity you consume from a cost standpoint, any hedges that you have in place?
Tom
Yeah, we do hedge. We don't hedge all of our volume. It's a certain percentage of our volume and we constantly are monitoring that. Sometimes you're on the right side of that and sometimes you're not. But we've always done that and we'll continue to do that going forward. But we... supply about 70 plus percent of our internal needs for, for energy. You know, when the balance of that, that other 30, you know, I'd say 80, 85% of that is, is, you know, tied to gas. So that's, that's, that's, that's how it works.
Phillip
Gotcha. And just one last quick one for me, perhaps question for Tom, you know, appreciating that getting that mixed gains into Q was very complicated, a lot of moving pieces. Should we expect those gains to be pretty sticky throughout the rest of the year?
Mark Holzan
Give me the second half of that. I didn't quite hear you, Phillip.
Phillip
Should we expect the mixed gains that you saw in 2Q to be pretty sticky in the back half this year?
Mark Holzan
Yeah, I think the mixed change will be. Our mix always changes a little bit in the third and fourth quarter again. And I think you'll see some of the same issues, as I said, going into the third quarter, especially around inventory. That's what's creating some of our issues at the moment. But I think that'll smooth out. So I think that'll be a plus for us, you know, in the third and fourth quarters.
Operator
Okay. Thank you.
Mark Holzan
Okay. Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Gabe Haiti with Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.
Mark
Mark, Tom, Bob, good morning. Good morning. I had a question about kind of tightness in the freight markets, I guess both trucking and rail that you guys have referenced. So are you still inclined kind of to carry more inventory and or safety stock to maintain acceptable customer service levels? And, you know, are you running behind this level or what you historically have considered kind of comfortable safety stock, if you will? And then maybe, I don't know, I came up with you guys kind of process, call it 14,000 tons per day across your whole system, kind of quantify the inventory levels that you would expect to build in the third quarter going into this big outage at Jackson.
Mark Calzan
Let me answer it this way. If you think about the last two years, we've been struggling to achieve an adequate level of container board inventory through the system. We hope to get through this third quarter and actually pre-build some inventory to get ready for this big outage at Jackson in the fourth quarter. But again, for the last two years, it's been a struggle. Now, that being said, even though there is some incremental improvement in truck and driver availability, the rail side of the equation remains very inefficient. And so it behooves us to try to build more inventory. We don't have the luxury of the short transportation times that we saw prior to 2020. And so you have to think that in terms of a lead time of getting a ton of container board from a mill to a box plant remains a challenge. And so essentially that has not improved significantly from where we were. And so we continue to be very mindful of what we do with our inventories and and making sure that we have adequate container board stock to satisfy what the box plants need to take care of their customers. Tom, Bob, you want to add anything?
Mark Holzan
Well, I would just add, Mark, that those are part of the efficiencies that you alluded to when you talked about the Jackson conversion. In addition to the Jackson Mill operating, it also creates opportunities for us to be more cost efficient in terms of the way we're operating from a transportation point of view and also making sure that we have the correct stock in each of our facilities to service our customers.
Mark
Okay. And I'll try to take a stab one more time. Not interested in quantifying the level of inventory you're trying to build?
Mark Calzan
No. As far as inventory level, we don't generally talk about absolute numbers. But if you think about the outage in November, it's approximately a 30-day outage. That's probably 35,000 or 40,000 tons of impact that we'll have to deal with. So it would behoove us to try to accomplish a significant build this quarter to get through the fourth quarter. So if you think about where we've been And again, not achieving the adequate levels. I think if you think about 30, 40,000 tons of incremental container wood inventory, 3Q going into 4Q would be a desired goal. Bob, you want to add anything?
Mark
Thanks for that, Mark. And then my second question, I suspect you'll probably defer, but when I look across your converting system, you do have a pretty good representation in the northeast, but your mill system is kind of southeast and obviously, you know, Michigan, Tennessee, etc. Any thought process or, I don't want to say guidance, but view for potentially having a mill in the northeast in the three to five year planning horizon?
Mark Calzan
No comment. Thanks. Have a good one. Thank you. Take care. Next question, please.
Operator
Again, if you have a question, please press star then 1. Our next question will come from John Tomasso from John Tomasso's Very Independent Research. Please go ahead.
John Tomasso
Thank you. There's a lot of literature about the consumer backing out of big brands because they're strapped. and buying generic brands. Does it matter to PKG which brands the consumer buys because you sell the container board anyway?
Mark Holzan
Generally speaking, it doesn't matter. Certainly to some individual customers it might matter, but as far as we're concerned, we've got 16,000-plus customers we're dealing with. from very large to quite small. Somewhere along the way, that customer base is supplying those brands you mentioned. So for us and the broad base of customers we have, it doesn't really impact us that much.
John Tomasso
Thank you for the good results.
Mark Calzan
You're welcome. Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Cleve Ruckert with UBS. Please go ahead.
Cleve Ruckert
Oh, great. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question, everybody. Nice job.
Mark Calzan
Morning.
Cleve Ruckert
Very strong performance. It's impressive. I just wanted to dig in a little bit on the comments about maybe being willing to give up some business while you're trying to push a price hike through. I'm just curious if you're seeing competition increasing today. in the domestic U.S. market for your container board products?
Mark Holzan
We generally don't talk much about competition or some of the things that are going on in the market. Let's just put it this way. The market, as you can tell, the volume and the marketplace in total remains very strong in spite of the fact that I mentioned a little bit of pullback because if you look at the gains we had over the last few years, That put tremendous strains on the entire industry. So the entire industry is, you know, remains, in my opinion, very healthy. And, you know, that's pretty much all I'm going to comment on.
Cleve Ruckert
Okay. Yeah, that's fair enough. I just wanted to follow up. And then, you know, we were talking about sort of the order book and bookings, and, you know, Adam asked several questions about it. I'm just curious about what the lead time is on your order book and those bookings, not necessarily for container board to box plants, but for your sort of end box customers. How much visibility do you have there? And maybe how is that different versus what you saw in Q1 and Q2?
Mark Holzan
Well, our lead times have come down, which is actually good because they got they got way too far out as a result of the demand that we suddenly incurred along with the labor shortages we had, the freight issues, other supply chain issues, as you can well imagine. So lead times had gotten out there quite a ways. We typically operate on very short lead times based on whatever our customers need. And we're not back to that yet. We're working to get back there, but again, we're still dealing with a lot of those same issues, labor-related, freight-related, whatever it might happen to be. We're still dealing with a lot of those issues, and those are still impacting those lead times, but they have come down.
Cleve Ruckert
Yeah, yeah. Okay. All right. That makes sense. And maybe finally, sir, if I missed it earlier, but could you just – Tell us again what the incremental capacity that you expect to get out of Jackson is and when that comes on. Is that going to be sort of in the middle of next year after the spring outage? I'm just wondering what the ramp-up schedule is there.
Mark Calzan
Well, if you think about the production currently on the machine, the work that's being done in November will provide an opportunity, but it's probably about 125,000 tons of a year of extra opportunity on the machine from its current situation.
Cleve Ruckert
That's total once you're finished. It's 125.
Mark Calzan
No, that's this November's project. Again, so from where we are today and going through the project in November, we'd get about 125,000 tons of annualized opportunity on the machine. And then the final project next year, you you get about 140,000 tons more of productivity opportunity on the final phase because you're talking about additional dryer cans and drying capacity in particular. Got it. Got it. But keep in mind, again, that's significant cost reduction that goes along with it.
Cleve Ruckert
Right.
Mark Calzan
Which falls right to the bottom line.
Cleve Ruckert
Exactly. Okay. That does it for me. Thank you very much. I appreciate it.
Mark Calzan
Okay. You're welcome. Next question, please.
Operator
Our next question will come from Kyle White with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.
Kyle White
Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking the question. Good morning. I want to go back to Phil's question on energy. Just curious, has the dynamics in the energy markets this year caused you to make any changes to your energy policy and how you manage this cost? I recognize you're not as exposed to nat gas as some other producers, but curious what levers you have to manage this risk.
Mark Calzan
No, you know, again, we've – The box plants essentially use natural gas across the board. The mills have the advantage of burning black liquor, wood waste, and minimal amount of natural gas. It would be primarily used in a lime kiln as an example. But we don't have a lot of flexibility in that regard. You're tied to natural gas in the box plants and then a certain minimal amount in the mills. So it is what it is. So you have to buy that, whether you hedge a portion or all, or how you manage that. But no, the balance hasn't changed. And again, how we manage it, quite frankly, is the same today as we've looked at it probably over the last 10 years.
Kyle White
Got it. And I think I missed this in the prepared remarks, but did you repurchase any shares during the quarter of And just how are you thinking about buybacks with the recent authorization you announced at the beginning of this year and then also given the pullback on equity value since the end of last quarter?
Mark Calzan
Yeah, no, we did not buy back any shares this recent quarter. And as far as how we look at it, the key word is opportunistic. And so amongst ourselves, we know where we would be choosing to buy at any given time. And we'll just leave it at that.
Kyle White
All right. Sounds good. I'll hand it over.
Mark Calzan
Okay. Next question, please.
Operator
Again, if you have a question, please press star then 1. Mr. Kalzan, I see that there are no more questions. Do you have any closing comments?
Mark Calzan
Yes, I'd like to thank everybody for joining us today on the call, and I look forward to speaking with you in the latter part of October with the third quarter results. Have a nice day.
Operator
The conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.
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