PPL Corporation

Good day, and welcome to the PPL Corporation first quarter 2025 earnings conference call. All participants will be in listening mode. If you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad, and to answer your question, please press star then two. Please note, today's event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Andy Ludwig, Vice President, Investor Narrations. Please go ahead.

Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining the PPL Corporation conference call on first quarter 2025 financial results. We have provided slides for this presentation on the investor section of our website. We begin today's call with updates from Vince Sorge, PPL President and CEO, and Joe Bergstein, Chief Financial Officer. And we'll conclude with a Q&A session following our prepared remarks. Before we get started, I'll draw your attention to slide two and a brief cautionary statement. Our presentation today contains forward-looking statements about future operating results or other future events. Actual results may differ materially from these forward-looking statements. Please refer to the appendix of this presentation and PPL's SEC filings for discussion of some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements. We will also refer to non-GAAP measures, including earnings from ongoing operations or ongoing earnings on this call. For reconciliations to the comparable gap measures, please refer to the appendix. I'll now turn the call over to Vince.

Thank you, Andy, and good morning, everyone. Welcome to our first quarter investor update. Turning to slide four. I'm pleased to share that we're off to a strong start this year as we continue to make progress on our utility the future strategy. Today we reported first quarter gap earnings of 56 cents per share. Adjusting for special items, first quarter earnings from ongoing operations were 60 cents per share or an 11% increase over ongoing earnings of 54 cents per share a year ago. This increase was supported by additional returns on capital investments to improve service to our customers. as well as higher sales volumes, which reflect more favorable weather this year compared to last year. Looking ahead, we remain confident in our ability to deliver on our 2025 ongoing earnings forecast of $1.75 to $1.87 per share with a midpoint of $1.81 per share. We're on track to complete over $4 billion in infrastructure improvements this year to strengthen grid reliability and resiliency, make our operations more efficient, and advance our generation replacement strategy in Kentucky. We continue to project $20 billion in capital investment needs from 2025 to 2028, resulting in average annual rate-based growth of 9.8%. We also remain on track to deliver at least $150 million of cumulative O&M savings compared to our 2021 baseline, a key component of our utility of the future strategy to help support customer affordability. Finally, We remain confident in our ability to execute our long-term business plan and are well positioned to achieve the top half of our projected 6% to 8% annual earnings per share growth target through at least 2028. On the dividend, we continue to target annual growth in the 6% to 8% range. We also expect to maintain strong credit metrics throughout the plan period, maintaining a 16% to 18% FFO to debt ratio and a holding company to total debt ratio below 25%. Moving to slide five for operational and regulatory highlights. On February 28th, we filed the CPCN request with the Kentucky Public Service Commission to address near-term generation needs identified in LG&E and KU's latest integrated resource plan and reinforced by recent increases in demand for electricity in our Kentucky service territories. The plan includes the construction of two new highly efficient 645-megawatt natural gas combined cycle units with 2030 and 2031 in service dates, the addition of 400 megawatts of battery storage by 2028, and upgrades to environmental controls on Unit 2 at our generating station. To date, the CPCN process has proceeded as expected. The KPSC has set a hearing date of August 4th. and we anticipate a decision on our request by November. Also in late February, LG&E and KU receives regulatory approval to recover $125 million in costs associated with the retirement of Mill Creek Unit 1 through the retired asset recovery rider. Recall that this rider allows for a recovery of and a return on certain generation retirement costs. The approved costs will be recovered over 10 years through the rider. Finally, Construction continues to advance on several new, previously approved generation resources in Kentucky. We recently began construction on both the 120 megawatt Mercer solar facility and the 125 megawatt battery storage system at our Brown station. And we continue to make good progress on our 640 megawatt combined cycle natural gas facility, which we began at our Mill Creek station mid last year. We expect completion of these projects in 2027 and early 2028. This is critically important as Kentucky continues to be a tremendous success story when it comes to economic development that creates new jobs and additional tax revenue for Kentucky communities. Our generation strategy directly supports this economic development. Turning to slide six. Just as we've done in Kentucky, we've continued to advance key initiatives in Pennsylvania and Rhode Island that support safe, reliable, and efficient energy service to our customers. In February, we secured Pennsylvania PUC approval to increase PPL Electric Utilities' disk revenue cap to 7.5%, up from the prior cap of 5%. The new cap will be in effect through the remainder of PPL Electric's current long-term infrastructure improvement plan, which extends through 2027, or until a new distribution base rate case takes effect, whichever occurs first. In Rhode Island, we received approval for nearly $400 million in infrastructure investments and select operating costs in connection with our latest electric and gas infrastructure safety and reliability plans. The Rhode Island ISR is a very constructive capital recovery mechanism, and we appreciate the PUC's continued support in approving these critical investments via this mechanism. The ISR plans for gas and electric are submitted annually and outline proposed capital investments and related operating costs to strengthen the safety, reliability, and resiliency of our electric and gas distribution networks. The latest plans address Rhode Island Energy's proposed spending from April 1st, 2025 to March 31st, 2026. Included in the nearly $400 million approval is approximately $220 million in capital investments for electric, which includes $88 million for advanced metering infrastructure, and approximately $145 million for capital investments in gas, including $108 million for gas main replacements. The PUC also authorized recovery of approximately $35 million in operating costs for vegetation management and restoration paving tied to gas main replacement projects. We look forward to executing on these plans and continuing our delivery of exceptional service to the residents of Rhode Island. Moving to slide 7. We continue to see increased interest from data center developers in our Pennsylvania and Kentucky service territories. In Pennsylvania, We now have nearly 11 gigawatts of projects in the advanced stages of planning, up from nearly 9 gigawatts as we shared last quarter. Keep in mind, for a project to be in the advanced stages of planning, it means the data center developer has signed a letter of authorization, which allows us to begin spending money to connect them to the grid. The developer in turn is obligated to reimburse us for those costs. As a result, developers in this phase have more at stake, And while that doesn't guarantee that a data center will be built, it certainly signals a higher probability of connection. The potential capital investment related to these data centers in advanced stages in Pennsylvania ranges from $700 million to $850 million, of which we have $400 million in the plan. And within this category of projects, we now have load that has progressed to fully executed contracts. Importantly, we've structured these energy services agreements to include minimum load commitments for the data centers, which significantly reduces the risk to our other customers from these large projects. In addition to the projects in advanced stages, we now have more than 50 gigawatts of other interconnection requests in our queue, demonstrating continued interest in our Pennsylvania service territory. And as we've shared previously, Connecting large-scale data centers is a win-win for our customers, as these data centers will share in the cost of transmission system, and they will help reduce transmission costs for our other customers. Turning to Kentucky, we remain very excited to support our first 400-megawatt data center customer, which we highlighted on our year-end earnings call. In addition, we continue to manage nearly 6 gigawatts of active data center requests in our Kentucky queue. And the Kentucky legislature recently expanded the sales tax incentive program for data center projects across the entire Commonwealth and not just in Jefferson County. We expect this will further attract data centers to Kentucky, including across our broader service territories. Turning to slide eight and several items on the horizon. On April 4th, we notified the Kentucky Public Service Commission of our intent to file a base rate case on or after May 30th. As background, LG&E and KU's last base rate increase occurred in July 2021, at which time we agreed to a four-year stay-out provision. Our intent with the expected filing will be to seek new rates effective January 1, 2026, to support continued infrastructure investments that improve reliability, enhance the customer experience, enable long-term grid resilience, and support projected low growth. Our application will be supported by a fully forecasted test period ending December 31st, 2026. Turning to Pennsylvania, we continue to advocate for legislative changes to incentivize construction of new generation in the Commonwealth and help address both rising electricity prices for consumers and potential energy shortfalls. We believe Pennsylvania must take control of its energy future rather than being wholly reliant on the PJM market. which is struggling to incentivize new generation build, even with all the expected load growth coming from data centers. We believe one way of addressing this issue is to allow regulated electric utilities to invest in generation resources. This would complement the competitive market by addressing resource adequacy gaps, rather than relying solely on market forces to deliver a solution. We're absolutely convinced the time to act is now, and we're encouraged by the recent introduction of legislation, House Bill 1272, that supports allowing regulated utilities to build and own generation in the state. A co-sponsor memo was also filed in the Senate, and we expect companion legislation later this spring. Finally, PPL is very well positioned to manage through the recently proposed trade tariffs, and we do not expect a significant impact on our plan. Our team has done an excellent job managing supply chain disruptions and constraints for several years now. I'd highlight that about 70% to 80% of our capital projects and nearly 90% of our O&M is labor. On top of that, most of our materials are sourced domestically, so the size of the potential impact from tariffs shrinks very quickly. Bottom line, we remain very well positioned despite the current macroeconomic uncertainty and remain very confident in our ability to deliver our plan for customers and share owners. That concludes my strategic and operational update. I'll now turn the call over to Joe for the financial update.

Thank you, Vince, and good morning, everyone. Let's turn to slide 10. CPL's first quarter gap earnings were $0.56 per share compared to $0.42 per share in Q1 2024. We recorded special items of 4 cents per share during the first quarter, primarily due to IT transformation costs, a settlement charge related to energy efficiency programs in Rhode Island for activity prior to our ownership, and some remaining Rhode Island integration costs. Adjusting for these special items, first quarter earnings from ongoing operations were 60 cents per share, an improvement of 6 cents per share compared to Q1 2024. Our solid first quarter results keep us on track to achieve at least the midpoint of our 2025 earnings forecast of $1.81 per share. We also continue to maintain one of the strongest balance sheets on our sector, which provides the company with significant financial flexibility. In February, we established a $2 billion ATM program that supports our financing needs associated with the increased capital plan. Year-to-date, we've issued about $170 million of equity through the ATM with forward contracts that expire at the end of the year. We continue to expect to issue between 400 and $500 million of equity in total this year. Turning to the ongoing segment drivers for the first quarter on slide 11, our Kentucky segment results increased by 5 cents per share compared to the first quarter of 2024. The improvement in Kentucky's results was primarily driven by higher sales volumes primarily due to mild weather experience during the first quarter of last year. A penny of that favorable variance was due to colder than normal weather in Q1 2025. Our Pennsylvania regulated segment results increased by three cents per share compared to the same period a year ago. The increase was also primarily driven by higher sales volumes due to mild weather experience last year, as well as higher transmission revenue from our ongoing capital investments. Our Rhode Island segment results decreased by one cent per share compared to the same period a year ago. This decrease was primarily driven by lower transmission revenues due to a prior period true-up and higher operating costs, partially offset by higher distribution revenue from capital investments. Finally, results at corporate and other decreased by one cent per share compared to the prior period, primarily due to higher interest expense. We continue to be pleased with our execution as we deliver on our commitments to customers and share owners. This concludes my prepared remarks. I'll now turn the call back over to Vince.

Thank you, Joe.

In closing, we're off to a good start with our strong first quarter results. Our Q1 performance puts us solidly on track to deliver on our 2025 commitments. Meanwhile, across our operations, we continue to make excellent progress in executing our utility to the future strategies. We're responsibly investing in our networks, which supported first quarter storm response that was considerably improved compared to last year, despite more severe weather this winter. We're progressing in building new and cleaner generation resources in Kentucky that support our communities. We're achieving our O&M savings targets that benefit our customers in a time of inflationary pressures. We're driving continued economic development in our regions, including new data centers. and we're advancing an IT transformation that includes key digital solutions that will strengthen cybersecurity, improve the customer and employee experience, improve our grid operations, and make our field workers more efficient and effective in their jobs, all while lowering our ongoing technology costs. We're extremely excited about the opportunities ahead for PPL, our customers, and our share owners, and we look forward to building continued momentum as we proceed throughout the year. With that, operator, Let's open it up for questions.

Thank you. If you'd like to ask a question, please press star then 1 on your telephone keypad. If your question has already been addressed and you'd like to remove yourself from queue, please press star then 2. Once again, there's star then 1 if you have a question. Today's first question comes from Char Perez with Guggenheim Partners.

Please go ahead. Hey, guys. Good morning. Morning, morning, Vince. So let me just, on the resource adequacy legislation that you kind of talked about in your prepared remarks, maybe just speak a little bit to what you see as the advantages of the IOUs versus the IPPs in bringing generation to market. I mean, it seems like everyone faces the same turbine queue issue. So try to understand, I guess, what makes the IOUs faster or better. Or could this actually turn into maybe providing a better price signal for to generators through a longer-term PPA structure. So do you really want to build or provide that incentive for someone else to build and maybe earn on that incentive? Thanks.

Yeah, Shari, there's quite a bit there in that question. I think the limitation with the market is the capacity market is really a one-year price signal three years forward. the question becomes, is that enough to incentivize the competitive market to build new generation 30, 40-year assets? And can you finance it? Obviously, that's a different calculation and calculus when you're in a regulated utility model with the asset going in rate base, it's getting depreciated over 40 years. So from a stability of power price and predictability and reducing volatility, clearly I think the regulated utility model can provide some benefits there. In terms of your question on the PPA versus building GEN, we are absolutely willing to build and own generation in rate base in Pennsylvania, should we be allowed to do that with this new legislation. Obviously, we have one of the highest performing GENCOs down in Kentucky. Our engineering and construction group is building new generation as we speak. We could clearly do it in Pennsylvania as well as we're doing it in Kentucky. So we are able and ready to provide that service to the market and our customers if we're allowed to do it. On the PPAs, we do have the ability to do some of that today under the default service provisions that we have. it would be somewhat limited when you're thinking about our load that's under default service and the need across PJM. So we could probably do a little bit there, but not enough to really solve the issue that we're talking about.

Perfect. No, that's helpful. Let me just quickly for just a quick one for Joe. Obviously, we've been, you know, past few weeks, we've been getting a lot of inbounds on equity, right? I just, I guess, Joe, is a block a consideration or the forwards under the ATM kind of sufficient at this time? Thanks.

Yeah, sure. Thanks for the question. So, I mean, as we've said, since we provided our updated plan in February, our base case is that we'll use the ATM program to satisfy most of our equity needs. And clearly, we see it as an efficient, cost-effective tool, and it's obviously been that to date. And so, you know, we feel really good about where we are right now, but given our flexibility and the position that we're in, we'll remain opportunistic and continue to assess all of our options and just try to achieve the most efficient cost of capital that we can.

Got it. But, Joe, is that still the ATM route?

Again, we like the ATM, and we're very happy with the execution of that. But I think as we've talked about and I've said before, that we will evaluate the market and use what is ever the most efficient tool at the time we have the need. So continue with the base of the ATM program, but continue to assess other options.

Okay, perfect. That's fantastic, guys. Appreciate it. Congrats on the results. Thanks, Mark.

And our next question today comes from Jeremy Tennant with J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead.

Good morning, Jeremy. Hey, good morning. This is actually Aiden on for Jeremy. Maybe just wondering if we could focus more on the potential tariff exposures. It looks like in the 2024 IRP, the plan includes roughly 400 megawatts of battery storage. Maybe if you just walk through how the tariff might impact that or, like, Maybe just more broadly, the domestic versus international breakdown, you're kind of seeing anything else on that lines?

Yeah, sure. It's Joe. So we have actually two battery projects. One that was part of the 2022 CPCN for 125 megawatts. That battery facility is under construction. And so we're obviously talking to the vendor all the time and working closely with them. to try to minimize any potential impacts there. And then the one that you referenced is in the 2025 CPCN filing for 400 megawatt storage. Clearly, we see a need for those projects. given the significant economic development we're seeing and the data center interest and just that increasing demand. So, you know, we continue to think that the battery is the best solution to meet that plan, but certainly, you know, you suggest there's potentially other options for the battery in the 2025 CPCN. And if we see companies increase their U.S. production of batteries, then that could could alleviate some of the pressures on the tariff. And so with that second unit, we have time, obviously, to work through that. And we'll continue to do that with the variety of vendors that are manufacturing batteries.

Got it. Got it. Thank you. And then maybe just one question on, you know, I appreciate the ongoing nature here, but, like, to what extent do you see, you know, the recent announcement in Kentucky and Oldham County kind of maybe potentially unlocking more upside to generation needs there, and just any other thoughts on, you know, resident concerns or other considerations to that project's viability from your perspective.

Yeah, this is Vince Aiden. So yeah, you're referencing a potential project in Oldham County. It's called Project Lincoln. Obviously there's been some media attention on that. We don't have a lot more to share, at this point, but clearly we are working with the developer there, excited to provide them with whatever needs they have to get that project over the goal line. At this point, not much more to share, but obviously it's a good indicator of the continued interest that we're seeing down there. That is in our six gigawatts in the queue, so it's part of that that we're working through. certainly provide more information at the appropriate time when that becomes available.

Appreciate it. Thanks. I'll leave it there.

Thank you. And our next question comes from Paul Zimbardo with Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning. Thank you. Good morning, Paul. I was just going to stay in Kentucky for a little bit longer. Could you share any perspective or thoughts on the the coal executive order and if that could change the timing or kind of potential of the, I think it's roughly 300 megawatts of retirements that you have planned? Sure. So I don't expect that the EO would have necessarily an immediate impact on our generation planning. You did reference our, really the only plant that we have in the near term that is scheduled to retire, which is Mill Creek 2. It's a 300 megawatt unit that's scheduled to retire in the 2027 timeframe, commensurate with Mill Creek 5, which is the combined cycle unit that we are currently constructing. At this point, Paul, the air permit for Mill Creek 5 depends on us retiring Mill Creek 2. But that is something that we will certainly be, I think, analyzing and discussing with stakeholders as part of the CPCM approval process, especially if we continue to see the interest in Kentucky around data centers and some of that load comes to fruition, we may want to delay the retirement of Mill Creek 2, at least for a period of time, perhaps when Mill Creek 6, which is the one that would come on in 2031, comes online. So a lot to, I think, analyze and discuss there, not necessarily the executive order, I think, that's driving that. It's more just the demand and how we want to best meet that demand, which we will, again, go through with the CPCN process that we're actively engaged with right now with the Commission. Okay. And then I guess just overall, holistically, as it relates to that and elsewhere, I don't want to put words in your mouth, but You feel comfortable on the overall capital plan. There could be some changes potentially, but you feel good on capital and the overall outlook, it sounds like. Yeah, yes, we do. We don't have a lot of environmental capex in the plan. You know, we have less than 400 million total. The two big components of that are the SCR at Gen 2. That's obviously in the CPCN. filing that we're working through right now. We would expect at this time to continue to install that SCR. That would enable us to really ensure that we could run that unit in the long term during the OSO season, so there's a real strategic need to have GENT II available. That's about a $150 million project, and then the remaining $250 million in there is for the fluid limitation guideline rules. Again, based on what we're seeing from the administration, we could see some modification to those rules. Not sure exactly where we'll land on that and if and how much of that 250 we'll need to do. But again, that's not a material amount to our $20 billion capital plan. Okay. Thank you very much, Vince.

Sure. Thank you. And our next question comes from Angie Storzinski with Seaport. Please go ahead.

Thank you. So I have two questions about Pennsylvania. So, I mean, we haven't seen any announcements or these public announcements about the 11 gigs or even the original nine gigs of low growth in your zone in Pennsylvania. And I'm just wondering if, are we waiting for something? Is this, you know, are we waiting for some, you know, guidelines either from FERC or from the Pennsylvania Utilities Commission? So that's one. And number two, speaking of the Pennsylvania PUC, the Thursday hearing on the interconnection of large loads, you know, very interesting overall. You know, I wonder, you know, the commission is clearly considering a potential model tariff for large loads. You know, your representative didn't seem that interested in that option, the And I'm just wondering if you have a view overall, you know, what it takes to have, you know, this DC load finalized in your zone.

Sure. So, I think they're somewhat related, those questions, Angie. Maybe I'll start with just the lack of announcements. So, not anything I'm concerned about. excellent progress on a number of the projects that are in there. We don't really control the timing of when the data centers want to make those announcements. There's obviously a lot of competitive positioning that they're taking into account when they make those announcements, so we're just not going to get in front of them on that, but no concerns there. The reason I feel the way I do, and again, a proof point in in our materials is the fact that we have signed energy services agreements. So even beyond just the authorization to spend money, we've gotten to the point where we've signed agreements. And so it'll just be a matter of time before those counterparties make their public announcements. What we've been able to do within those ESA agreements is really protect our existing customers from stranded asset risk, which we know is an area that has been a concern at commissions across the country. And what we've done there is, right, there's really two components that make up the cost of connecting a data center. There's the costs that are specific to the data center and those we get reimbursed under contributions in aid of construction. So those are direct reimbursements from the data center. But then there's the other upgrades that may be required to the grid that all customers benefit from. And so those costs end up going into the FERC formula rate, and they get socialized across all of our customer groups. What we've done with the ESA agreements is we've obligated the data center customers to pay a minimum revenue based on their peak load, regardless of their actual electric usage, until the cost of that socialized upgrade, so the piece that's being charged to all customers, is paid off. And then we also have letters of credit and termination fees included in those agreements. So that structure essentially is protecting our customers against stranded asset risk. That's why in the hearing we said we don't necessarily need a model tariff to be able to achieve the same objective because we're already achieving those objectives with our ESA contracts. And so our testimony was to ensure that we can maintain the flexibility required to balance getting these large loads connected to the grid, but at the same time protecting our customers. So if there is ultimately a large load model tariff, we would just want to make sure that that flexibility is preserved.

Did I answer everything that was in your question? But you're not waiting for that model tariff to be established before basically finalizing these data center deals.

No, no, no. We're entering into ESAs as we speak. And those are not insignificant. I mean, we're talking multiple gigawatts that we're signing up.

And just one more. So, again, back to that hearing. So lots of comments there from hyperscalers about, you know, how long load studies take. It didn't sound like that was against you at all. But there were some other utilities, especially in eastern Pennsylvania, that were saying that they need to rerun some of their load studies as there is load being added to adjacent zones, which I took as the PPL zone. So do you still have this, you know, material benefit on the time to power benefit? And is that, you know, in a sense disproportionately benefiting your zone as far as attracting the load growth in Pennsylvania?

Absolutely. We continue to respond very quickly and nimbly to our large load customers. Again, we're getting back to them with initial quotes and study results of our studies in weeks, not months. And we consistently hear from our data center customers that it is a different experience dealing with PPL than some of our peers.

Very good. Thank you.

Sure.

And as a reminder, please press 1 if you have a question. So next question today comes from Anthony Codone with Mizuho. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning, Vince. Good morning, Joe. Morning, Anthony. Thanks for squeezing in. If I could just stay on the path that Angie brought up. I'm curious if you're able to tell us or would you tell us When we look at the chart on slide seven on the data center request and advanced stages, how much of that is ESAs?

Yeah, so those terms are confidential at this point, but as I just said at the end of my comments to Angie, we're talking multiple gigawatts, so not insignificant, Anthony.

Great, and then if I could just pivot. You talk about on the C I'm sorry CPCN in Kentucky just and you may have disclosed on the last call and I apologize if I missed it in the filing have you disclosed what the price is for the CCGTs and will that you know if it's not already locked in the price does that you think that becomes a issue on approval of the unit?

I mean we do have our cost estimates in in the CPCN filing, you know, we're kind of around that 2,000 for KW, as we're seeing kind of across the spectrum. At this point, you know, based on where we are with our vendors and EPC contractors, et cetera, we feel pretty good about those amounts, but obviously we are always engaging with the commission and updating them on cost estimates if they move significantly between the time we file the CPCN and the time that we would ultimately get approval for that. And then once that gets approved, there's like a 5% buffer that we kind of have to manage within before we'd have to go back to the commission and update those numbers further. But that's kind of how the process works.

Great. And is there existing load, like, apologies again, is there existing load that the CCGTs are going to you know, supply for, or is it more on the prospective load that you see coming into the system in Kentucky, as you highlight with some of the data center requests there?

Yeah, so what's currently been approved was the retirement of Mill Creek 1, which we retired at the end of last year. Again, about a 300 megawatt coal plant. And then Mill Creek 2 is scheduled to retire in 2027. So obviously some of that new generation is replacing those retirements. And then the new CPCN is also to really handle new load requirements that we're seeing from data centers and just other large economic development activity that's occurring in the state. Great.

Thanks for taking my questions. Really appreciate it. Congrats on a good quarter. Thank you, Andy.

And our next question comes from David Paz with Wolf. Please go ahead.

Morning, David.

Oh, thanks. And morning, guys. Yeah, preceding two questions are essentially what I was going to ask, but just maybe following up on the data center announcements, I think in the past, Vince, you've suggested that once you get one or two announcements, that'll essentially prompt others to follow suit shortly thereafter. Is that still kind of the mindset? I understand you have some ESAs in place, but... You still have that kind of – we can see these come pretty fast once you get the first few?

Yeah, it really depends. I mean, I think those comments were probably more relevant to Kentucky when we saw that initial announcement drew basically a doubling of the queue in just a couple months when we went from three to six gigawatts of interest in Kentucky. I mean, we're already dealing with 50 or 60 gigawatts. gigawatts of interest in PA. So there's a lot of interest, I think, not only because we can connect them very quickly, mid-2026, to the grid. And then, like I said before, we're much easier to work with than your traditional utility. And they find that the speed to market is better when they're dealing with us than others. And then, obviously, we've talked a lot in the past just about the natural qualities of Pennsylvania, the land, the water, the fiber, and then, of course, our transmission capacity. So lots of interest, I think, in PA, irrespective of those announcements. I don't know that if we get one announcement, that'll necessarily trigger many others, but there's just a lot of activity all trying to get to, I would say, the goal line of getting connected as soon as they can in 2026.

That makes sense. Just on the socialized cost that you were talking about when you broke down those two pieces regarding Pennsylvania, what is the, remind me, what, how should we think about the earned return on that socialized cost? Is that just through a formulaic rate, and what is that ROE? Does that include any ISO adders or anything?

Yeah, so those are the ROEs that are embedded in the formula rate, which is, basically 10% right now, yeah.

Okay. Great. And maybe one quick, squeeze one in, the 2,000 kilowatt number, is that inclusive of AAPDC and transmission for the CCs in Kentucky?

I think that it's very close to that. I don't think it's materially different between the two. Okay.

Thank you so much.

Next question is from Ian Rapp at Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I think the bulk of my questions have been answered, but maybe just focusing a little bit more on the data center tariff structure relative to the Kentucky rate case filing. And I know you haven't made a determination for Pennsylvania yet, but just curious whether there are any contemplated, you know, tariff structure changes or anything related that we would expect to see in those rate cases?

Yeah, so obviously we haven't filed those yet, so it would be more appropriate to discuss that once we make those filings, but I would say in both jurisdictions, Ian, we are looking at whether it makes sense to have a data center or a large low tariff, not just data centers.

Okay, got it. We'll stay tuned there. That's pretty much all I had. Again, thanks for taking the questions.

Great. Thanks again.

Thank you. And this concludes our question and answer session. I'd like to turn the conference back over to Vince Sorge for closing remarks.

Great. Thanks, everybody, for joining us. Again, off to a good start for the year. Continue the momentum as we go through the year. We have a few marketing events coming up later this week and into next week in New York. So, Look forward to seeing some of you then. And, again, appreciate you joining the call.

Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. We thank you all for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect your lines and have a wonderful day.