5/6/2025

speaker
Eric
Conference Operator

Good afternoon. My name is Eric and I will be your conference operator today. At this time. Thank you. I would like to hand the conference over to your host today. Chris Lee, Global Head of Strategic Finance. You may begin your conference.

speaker
Chris Lee
Global Head of Strategic Finance

Thank you, Eric. Good afternoon, everyone. And thank you for joining us for Residio's first quarter 2025 earnings call. On today's call will be Jay Gellmacher, Residio's Chief Executive Officer, Mike Harlett, our Chief Financial Officer, Rob Arnes, President of Residio's ADI Global Distribution Business, and Tom Saran, President of Residio's Products and Solutions Business. We would like to remind you that this afternoon's call contains forward-looking statements. Statements other than historical facts made during this call may constitute forward-looking statements and are not guarantees of future performance or results and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those described from time to time in the Residio's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The company assumes no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. We identify the principal risks and uncertainties that affect our performance in our annual report on Form 10K and other SEC filings. In addition, we will discuss non-GAP financial measures on today's call. These non-GAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for or in isolation from our GAP results. A reconciliation of GAP to non-GAP financial measures is included in our earnings press release and earnings presentation, which are both accessible on the investor relations page of our website at .residio.com. Unless stated otherwise, all numbers and results discussed on today's call, other than revenue, are on a non-GAP basis. With that, I will turn the call over to Jay.

speaker
Jay Gellmacher
Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Chris, and thanks to everyone for joining us today. On today's call, I will briefly cover Residio's quarterly performance and then share our perspectives on tariffs and how Residio is executing through this unpredictable macroeconomic environment before handing off the call to Tom, Rob, and Mike. As a result of our team's continued execution, Residio was at or above the high end of the range for all the metrics we provided for our quarterly financial outlook. Total net revenue of approximately $1.8 billion, which includes the impact of the SNAP-1 acquisition, grew 19% year over year. Total gross margin was .9% of 200 basis points year over year. Total adjusted EBITDA grew 23% year over year to $168 million. Total adjusted earnings per share grew 34% year over year to $0.63. I am pleased with our strong first quarter results that were supported by healthy operating fundamentals. We achieved 6% organic revenue growth year over year at our products and solutions business segment. At our ADI business segment, we achieved 4% organic revenue growth year over year, despite two less selling days in the quarter, versus the same period last year, and 7% organic average daily sales. Gross margin expansion and EBITDA generation were underpinned by growing operating income dollars year over year. Demand for our new Honeywell Home Focus Pro thermostats and First Alert VISTA H series security products continues to be strong, and the velocity around new product introduction is accelerating for both products and solutions and ADI. Moving on to tariffs, we have all seen the shifts in policy to date. In this fluid environment, Resideo remains agile, and we are well prepared to react to any new development. Based on what we know today about tariff policy, we have taken actions in the first and second quarters that have two goals. First, to essentially mitigate the cost impact of any tariffs across both products and solutions and ADI. And second, to be well positioned relative to our competition at the current time. Let me walk through each business segment, the potential exposure and the key mitigation actions. In the products and solutions business segment, we benefit from having a global manufacturing footprint where regional demands are generally sourced in region. As shown on page nine of our earnings presentation, for goods sold in the United States, about 90% are produced in our Mexico facilities or sourced from Mexican suppliers. Of the goods sourced from Mexico, about 98% are USMCA compliant and not currently subject to tariffs. For those goods that are not manufactured or sourced from USMCA compliant sources, we're evaluating bringing production into our Mexico facilities or sourcing from other Mexico manufacturers. It is worth noting that we have a variety of manufacturing facilities globally and are constantly evaluating new sites, both of which gives us optionality as we continue this assessment. We have also communicated a phased price increase to our customers intended to offset the cost impact of the tariffs. In the ADI business segment, determining the tariff impact is more nuanced than products and solutions. As shown on page 10 of our earnings presentation, ADI is exposed to more significant China tariffs given its purchasing profile, and we cannot predict supplier actions around price. As such, we have taken a conservative approach and estimate a maximum potential impact before any mitigations to be between 20 and 25% of ADI's total cost of goods sold. However, this will be offset by mitigation actions that include the following. ADI has communicated a phased price increase to our customers to offset the tariff cost impact. We have also made strategic inventory purchases and taken commercial actions with our suppliers. In addition to the evolving tariff landscape, we are closely monitoring data points around customer behavior. Customer demand in the first quarter was healthy across both businesses, and we saw minimal signs of customer hesitancy or order cancellation. We saw limited indications of customers buying ahead of anticipated tariff related price increases. These data points to date are positive indicators on our current customer demand. As a result of our strong first quarter and the tariff mitigation actions we are taking, Residio is maintaining its 2025 outlook. We believe our strong execution and proactive approach enables Residio to manage through the uncertainties associated with this highly dynamic environment for the rest of the year. Michael speak more to this in his comments. Let me now hand the call over to Tom.

speaker
Tom Saran
President, Products and Solutions Business

Thanks, Jack. The Products and Solutions team delivered another quarter of strong operational execution, resulting in -over-year organic growth and the eighth consecutive quarter of -over-year gross margin expansion. Products and Solutions reported revenue growth of 5% -over-year and 6% organic growth, which excludes a 1% unfavorable impact from currency. Revenue grew across substantially all our sales channels due to both volume and mix, driven by customer demand for our new products and from price realization. Now let me walk through each of our primary channels. The HVAC channel achieved volume, mix, and price growth in the quarter, driven primarily by continued demand for our recently introduced, connected and non-connected, Honeywell-owned Focus Pro thermostats. A greater proportion of overall Focus Pro sales were from connected thermostats that were sold to a broader set of customers during the quarter. The electrical distribution channel was again strong in the first quarter. Revenues associated with our BRK branded safety products, which are sold to professionals, reached a record high, driven primarily by strong volumes and mix. We continue to see an increase in content per new home, and we see rising adoption with a broader set of customers beyond home builders, such as property managers. The retail channel continued to perform well in the first quarter, driven primarily by strong point of sales volumes. Revenue from the first alert safety products grew in the high single digits -over-year. The Focus Pro thermostat was launched to retail during the quarter, and sales related to the Focus Pro are expected to be a bigger contributor to the retail channel in the future. The OEM channel posted a second consecutive quarter of -over-year revenue growth, driven primarily by the sale of higher priced and more profitable units amidst an improving energy equipment market in both the Americas and EMEA. Revenue in the security channel was down -over-year, however the rate of -over-year decline is abating, as evidenced by security sales with one of our largest customers that were modestly up -over-year. Early sales of the new VISTA series that were sold in the quarter are trending positively. Gross margin for the quarter was 41.4%, up 190 basis points -over-year. This is the eighth consecutive quarter of -over-year gross margin expansion, driven by continued efficient utilization of our factories, supported by supply chain that we look to continuously improve, and from contributions from the sale of new products. We did absorb an immaterial amount of tariff related expense for products prior to the implementation of the USMCA tariff preference treatment. As Jay stated, approximately 98% of product and solutions goods sourced from Mexico and sold in the US are USMCA compliant, which are currently exempt from tariffs. We are excited to continue the cadence of new product introductions. In the quarter, we introduced the first alert smart smoke and carbon monoxide alarm in partnership with Google Nest. Our new connected alarm is compatible with Google Home app and was designed to seamlessly replace Google's expiring Nest Protect alarms. Google Nest passed the baton to Resideo to lead the future of smart home safety through continued innovation. With feedback from our professional customers, we previewed our most advanced cameras and video analytics ever. The first alert CX4 camera series features ultra high definition cameras offering 4K sharpness and intelligent viewing capabilities. These cameras will target both the high end residential, as well as the small and medium sized business video surveillance markets. We have a number of market relevant products in the air and comfort, security and water categories scheduled for launch later in 2025. We are excited for our customers to realize the benefits and value of our forthcoming products, whilst building upon the demand momentum seen for our new product releases in the last six months. I am pleased with the go-forward direction of products and solutions, an accelerating cadence of new products alongside organic revenue growth and another consecutive quarter of year over year gross margin expansion. With that, let's turn the call over to Rob.

speaker
Rob Arnes
President, ADI Global Distribution Business

Thanks, Tom. The ADI team achieved 29% year over year growth in reported net revenue in the first quarter and after excluding the impact of the SnapOne acquisition and an immaterial impact from currency, organic net revenue growth was 4% year over year despite two less selling days this quarter versus the same period last quarter. Organic average daily sales grew 7% year over year. Organic net revenue growth was driven by strength across commercial product categories, continuing contributions from large accounts and the digital channel. These results were achieved despite an increased number of store closures due to weather in January and February. Strong customer demand in the latter half of the quarter offset both the lower number of selling days and increased closure days. From a product category perspective, we saw solid growth year over year in multiple categories with notable contributions from the commercial security, professional audio video and networking product categories, partially offset by a low single digit percentage decline in the residential audio video category due primarily to a soft US residential market. Organic e-commerce net revenue grew 15% year over year, achieving another quarter of strong revenue performance and a new record in run rate daily sales average.

speaker
Chris Lee
Global Head of Strategic Finance

E-commerce

speaker
Rob Arnes
President, ADI Global Distribution Business

continues to be structurally accretive to the total ADI gross margin and was a bigger contributor to first quarter's total gross profit dollars than last quarter. We continue to invest in providing a leading omni-channel experience that makes the buying experience easier and more streamlined for our customers. Exclusive brands continues to be a strategic priority for the business. Exclusive brands organic net revenue increased 26% year over year while also generating a healthy amount of gross margin dollars in the quarter. The strategic benefit of the Snap-1 acquisition is evident as the combined team launched almost 100 new products in the quarter. The team also continues to earn industry recognition for our exclusive brands product portfolio. At the Integrated Systems Europe trade show, the team took home nine Best of Show awards with product winners in exclusive brands, including Episode and Triad speakers, Luma cameras, and Arachnid switches. The team is also working on some exciting new product launches for the second quarter, including the award-winning Lux by Control4, our fourth-generation lighting control solution and the new Control4 X4 interface for smart home systems. The integration of Snap-1 continues to progress nicely and we are ahead of our one year, we are ahead of our year two synergy goals. Store and distribution center consolidations, which can be complex, are tracking well against plan and we are gaining cross-sales momentum. ADI reported .6% gross margin in the first quarter, up 360 basis points year over year. The execution demonstrated by the entire team directly contributed to the significant year over year gross margin expansion. We see additional opportunities to expand gross margins further with margin and creative category mix shifts both domestically and internationally. I've said in the past that our customer first ethos is integral to how we execute operationally. This is especially true in the current macroeconomic environment where delivering an optimized customer experience breeds loyalty and profitable customer behavior. As Jay mentioned, we have strong momentum to date. We intend to build upon this momentum generated by our focused execution to continue driving organic revenue growth and margin expansion through 2025 and beyond. Let's now turn the call over to Mike to discuss our first quarter's financial results in 2025 outlook.

speaker
Mike Harlett
Chief Financial Officer

Thanks, Rob. Good afternoon, everyone. Let's get straight into the quarterly results, starting with revenue. First quarter total company net revenue was 1.77 billion up 19% year over year and up 5% on an organic basis, excluding the impact of the SNAP-1 acquisition and a 1% unfavorable impact from currency. Reported total company net revenue was at the high end of our outlook range. Both Tom and Rob spoke earlier about the drivers of organic net revenue growth and the respective businesses. Total company gross margin in the quarter was .9% up 200 basis points year over year. The increase was primarily driven by three items, structural operating efficiencies that we continue to realize in products and solutions, the contributions from new product sales and products and solutions, and the contributions from the more margin-accretive activities at ADI. First quarter total company adjusted earnings per share was 63 cents, up from 47 cents from the same period in the prior year. In the quarter, we recorded a larger than normal non-cash charge related to the timing of Honeywell submissions under the reimbursement agreement, which impacted reported gap net income and earnings per share, but not our annual cash payments to Honeywell. Total company adjusted EBITDAB was $168 million in the quarter, up 23% year over year and toward the high end of our outlook range. The primary driver of the increase was the positive contribution from SNAP-1, partially offset by investments being made in both business segments. Cash used by operating activities was $65 million, in line with normal seasonality. Use of cash was primarily related to an increase in accounts receivable due to higher sales and cash outflows for accounts payable, including some early payments to receive supplier discounts. We continue to track toward our outlook of $375 million of cash provided by operating activities in 2025. Now, before I provide our financial outlook for the second quarter of 2020-25 and the full year, let me walk you through some of our market perspectives and assumptions that are incremental to those shared with you last quarter, when we first set our 2025 outlook. Starting with our market perspectives, we continue to have a relatively cautious market outlook and we have not substantially changed our view on the macroeconomic environment shared with you on the February 2025 call, despite the increased numbers of cash payments. We are also continuing to have a relatively low-cost and high-quality outlook on predictability in the market. As Jay noted, we assume the USMCA tariff exemption for products manufactured in Mexico will continue. We have included all tariffs currently enforced as of today in our outlook. This includes tariffs on products and solutions and ADI-exclusive brand products primarily imported from China. For ADI third-party products we distribute, we have only included impacts where our suppliers have notified us of a price increase. We have not made any assumptions for changes to customer behavior nor associated product volumes resulting from higher prices that likely will be more prominent in the markets. And we make no assumptions for foreign currency fluctuations. Our 2025 financial outlook was based on December 31, 2024 currency rates. Now, on our outlook. We are reaffirming our 2025 full-year outlook. We are not tightening our outlook ranges because of the uncertain and highly dynamic environment we are currently operating in. We are planning to take a phased approach to price increases with ADI progressively raising prices on tariff-impacting exclusive brands, products starting in the second quarter. Products and solutions plans to increase prices on non-USMCA covered products starting in the second half of 2025. As a result of these price increases at both ADI and products and solutions we could see upside to the top line. Our goal with the price increases and other tariff mitigation actions is to essentially offset the tariff costs and maintain gross profit dollars. We are initiating an outlook for the second quarter of 2025 as follows. Total company net revenue to be in the range of $1.805 to $1.855 billion. Total company adjusted EBITDA to be in the range of $175 to $195 million. And total company fully diluted adjusted earnings per share to be in the range of $0.51 to $0.61. Our earnings presentation includes our outlook ranges along with key modeling assumptions for 2025 which can be found on our investor relations website. Let's now open the call for questions. Operator?

speaker
Eric
Conference Operator

At this time I would like to remind everyone in order to ask a question press star then the number one on your telephone keypad. We'll pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. In the interest of giving everyone an opportunity we appreciate that you limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. Your first question comes from the line of Ian Zaffino with Oppenheimer. Please go ahead.

speaker
Ian Zaffino
Analyst, Oppenheimer

Hi Craig. Thank you very much. Good quarter. I wanted to kind of zero in on pricing a little bit. You know, Rob, how we understand pricing in ADI and what I mean by that is this is this environment kind of one of your classic inflationary environments where distributors tend to do well and you continue to take out price which will then help margins help profitability. So is that the way we should think about what we're seeing as far as tariff related increases? And then maybe Tom I'll kind of ask you this as well on the P&S side. I know it's a different story but you know as you look to get price do you anticipate any type of demand impact or are you seeing kind of any sensitivity to your ability to maybe push through some of that pricing? Thanks guys.

speaker
Rob Arnes
President, ADI Global Distribution Business

Yes, I'll go first. Great question Ian. That is the probably the question of the day. I would say similar to what we saw in high inflationary environments. I mean as you heard in the commentary or the opening remarks we've taken the price increases that we have been given today from our suppliers and we have passed those through in a phased approach. We've also taken another other you know a number of other commercial actions with our suppliers to first and foremost to be able to completely mitigate all tariff related impacts both on our third party business as well as our exclusive brands. So we feel that we're in good position today based on what we know. At the same time we are being very prudent if not thoughtful based on the complexity of the environment you know multiple variables in play and have built those impacts into our guidance going forward.

speaker
Tom Saran
President, Products and Solutions Business

Yeah, yeah. You all set Rob? Yeah. Okay. On the P&F side let's also just kind of go back to scale. Less than 10% of the products coming into America would be subject to tariff overall and of those the majority or a significant portion of them would require very small prices increases. We've been very proactive in reaching out to our customers and explaining what we intended to do with our pricing throughout this whole process and the magnitude of the price increases for everything excluding China is such that they understand and I do not expect it to have a material impact and you're talking about an almost immaterial level of quantity of products and even revenue that would be impacted by this. Now in terms of the products from China those will require a larger price increase but again that's a sub portion of that small portion of the sub 10% that would actually be impacted there and the largest customer that's impacted by that we've had communication and they do not expect at this time to have any change in their demand as a result. So for us we do not expect any material change in our demand. Okay thanks guys. And then if

speaker
Ian Zaffino
Analyst, Oppenheimer

I could tie it up to you know the top level Michael maybe comment on kind of what we should expect from a pricing mix volume perspective for the consolidated business.

speaker
Mike Harlett
Chief Financial Officer

Thanks. Yeah I think as we talked about and we're not in a specific guide to what the price impacts will be we know the phased approach as they're impacting us. We're holding our guidance in light of the uncertainty so we feel really good about that. As we mentioned there could be some upside given the timing of those price increases and any impacts on demand so you know as we go forward we would expect there's certainly be some price action that's going to increase the top line. We think it's relatively small as we sit here today as Tom was just talking at P&S, a little bit more substantial at ADI. It'll be phased throughout the rest of the year.

speaker
Ian Zaffino
Analyst, Oppenheimer

Okay thanks for all the color guys. Good quarter again.

speaker
Mike Harlett
Chief Financial Officer

Thank you.

speaker
Eric
Conference Operator

Your next question comes from the line of Eric Woodring with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

speaker
Eric Woodring
Analyst, Morgan Stanley

Great thanks so much for taking my questions guys and echo the comments. A really nice quarter. Jay can we just go back and maybe double click on the comments you made about really no buying ahead, no customer hesitancy. I just want to make sure I understand is that a March quarter comment? Is that relevant for the month of April as well? Can you maybe just double click on things like linearity in the month of April for P&S and ADI just so we better understand how things or how buying behavior if at all changed in the month of April where there was obviously a lot of volatility relative to March where there was just less volatility. And then I have a follow-up please. Thank you.

speaker
Jay Gellmacher
Chief Executive Officer

Thanks Eric. I'm going to let both Tom and Rob respond to their individual businesses but as stated in my comments during Q1 it was minimal as I said and we saw not very little from the standpoint of pull ahead and a little bit of it there but the demand seems strong still. As I said I'll let Tom and Rob comment on each one of their businesses which I think will be from a college standpoint.

speaker
Tom Saran
President, Products and Solutions Business

Yeah hi Eric. It's Tom. I'll take P&S first. I think one of the important things was throughout this whole process we've been communicating with our customers and we've been informing them of what actions we would be taking and so again kind of related to Ian's question with not having a very large portion of products that are impacted by this the need for our customers to do some kind of buy ahead is fairly minimal. I mean there's nothing to buy from. So for us I would you know there would be some possible but it would be very de minimis amounts and we don't see anything in April because again right now where we are what we're taking on products and our communication to our customers.

speaker
Rob Arnes
President, ADI Global Distribution Business

Yeah Eric so we're in a little bit different spot but let me let me walk through each piece. So like Tom and P&S business the ADI business maintains really dynamite relationships with our customers. You know since the tariffs kind of you know noise started happening we were very proactive in communicating to our customers exactly what the impacts were going to be and we've continued to do so as new information has become relevant to us and they've been very very appreciative of that and what we're hearing is you know they're taking those same kind of actions with their customers obviously. That's what I would say is part one. In terms of your question around buy ahead in the first quarter we saw minimal to almost nothing. I mean really really immaterial but we saw demand pick up in a lot of our commercial categories. Security in fact almost all of our commercial categories security product professional video or professional audio video as well as data communications in March as I said in my remarks and then we saw that continue into April and the same result with regards to forward buys. We did not it was immaterial in the month of April and even to start off May. So I feel you know awesomely optimistic if you will when I look at our record backlog, our record amount of project registrations, our record pipeline it continues to grow and move up to the right that's so far you know in addition to mitigating any price increases we're still seeing a nice demand trajectory in the channel.

speaker
Eric Woodring
Analyst, Morgan Stanley

Okay that's really helpful and thank you for all the color from all three of you frankly. If we could maybe take one big step back and kind of forget tariffs and all of this kind of near term stuff obviously they're relevant to this question but can you just help us maybe better understand from your perspective and I guess this you know this is for Tom and Rob it's just where you think we are in each of the kind of residential and commercial kind of spending cycle. Just a lot of moving pieces and obviously I assume macro might have some impact on the broader cycle so just again not necessarily on a quarter to quarter basis but where do you think we're going if we look out through the year and into 2026 just as it relates to the spending cycle on each kind of side of the relative business. I realize that's a big picture comment but just looking for big picture feedback please thank you.

speaker
Tom Saran
President, Products and Solutions Business

I mean this is Tom Eric in terms of the overall environment spending cycle I think the way that we think about it and look at it is to say what's going on in the housing market that impacts many of our segments obviously because we're so residentially focused on P&S and I would say right now we're still in a somewhat depressed condition because of the very low level of existing home sales which create a demand for fix and replace and remodel in preparation of a sale or posting so that is something that is the level of that it stays at fairly low levels currently we're seeing about four million units sold of existing housing stock and more healthy number would be about five million so it's kind of a little bit depressed there. The overall general remodeling activity not related to home sales is pretty good it's healthy and then in the new home sales I would say that's recovered to a tailwind behind us for that market to improve as we go forward than we do any form of head.

speaker
Jay Gellmacher
Chief Executive Officer

I would add one thing for Tom on that too and Tom mentioned it Eric in his comments and we talk about almost every quarter just as an update to the business but the overall content per new home for R&C has continued to increase and that ties to new products that Tom's coming up that you know Tom and P&S have come up with as well as what's nice is we've been able to you know gain additional business within that segment.

speaker
Rob Arnes
President, ADI Global Distribution Business

Yeah so I'll put the stamp on this too so Tom and Jay did a great job describing the macro environment we don't see a lot of change in the last six to 12 months and obviously our residential audio video business which is now primarily snap would be the you know category that's affected with this macro environment but I'm going to tell you you know we took over the snap business right there was a lot of work to do and we have approached this aggressively you know when it comes to integration around upgrading sales tools right commercial programs really some some great changes in the sales team and really getting this team laser focused on the things they can control specifically around take and share and that is that is what's most exciting to me is we are seeing that quarter over quarter with the snap integration and the execution there the cross-selling capabilities so you know obviously we can mitigate a lot of the soft macro environment the residential space with the strength we're seeing in commercial but I'm also very pleased with what I'm seeing from the snap business and the aggressiveness by which they're taken to go out and take share and grow the business

speaker
Eric Woodring
Analyst, Morgan Stanley

Awesome guys thank you very much for the color and good luck.

speaker
Eric
Conference Operator

Thank you. Again if you would like to ask a question press star followed by the one on your telephone keypad. Your next question comes from the line of Amit Dharianani with Evercore ISI. Your line is open.

speaker
Hannah (for Amit Dharianani)
Analyst, Evercore ISI

Hi this is Hannah for Amit. Just curious when the macro environment improves and you know housing turnover picks back up how much leverage is there in the model and gross margins and do you see these getting comfortably above 30% when the unmarked is to improve?

speaker
Mike Harlett
Chief Financial Officer

Hey I think overall that we continue to think we have structural improvement opportunities on the P&S side to continue to grow gross margin. We're not going to specifically guide gross margin for the future but we do think is you know regardless of the market conditions are out there as we continue to execute and control what we can control we do think we see opportunities for ongoing gross margin accretion both from or structural improvements the launch of new products as Rob mentioned at ADI some of the new product investments on exclusive brands and the same we're doing at ADI to drive margin so we are optimistic they will continue to see gross margin improvements certainly for the next few years as we continue to execute without setting a specific goal out there or a specific number.

speaker
Jay Gellmacher
Chief Executive Officer

And I'd like to add that I agree with everything what Mike just said we've also as you know we've demonstrated the type of gross margin expansion now for multiple quarters and I think that's a little bit of the proof of the pudding but then what Mike said I agree with.

speaker
Hannah (for Amit Dharianani)
Analyst, Evercore ISI

Okay thank you.

speaker
Eric
Conference Operator

There are no further questions at this time this concludes today's conference call. Thank you all for joining you may now disconnect.

Disclaimer

This conference call transcript was computer generated and almost certianly contains errors. This transcript is provided for information purposes only.EarningsCall, LLC makes no representation about the accuracy of the aforementioned transcript, and you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the information provided by the transcript.

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