Rayonier Advanced Materials Inc.

with each subsequent quarter and you're expected to show accelerating growth and profitability. Let me provide an update on tariffs, which is detailed on slide five. First, some context. Ryan is one of the top 50 US exporters. We export about 70% of our US production. So it comes as no surprise that Ryan was impacted by the economic uncertainty caused by the tariff wars. We estimate that the negative impact of uncertainty caused by those tariffs on our 2025 EBITDA is approximately $21 million. Of that, roughly $7 million is tied to direct tariff related disruptions. Issues we anticipate fully recovering from as trade policies stabilize in the coming quarters. The remaining $14 million reflects indirect effects, primarily due to the impact tariffs have had on our customers' abilities to access key geographic markets. While we are actively working to mitigate these challenges and regain lost volumes, we are not assuming a recovery of this portion within the current forecast period. It's important to note that the period of uncertainty in April and May, following the initial imposition of the 125% Chinese tariff rate, had a pronounced short term impact on order activity. That said, since June, we've seen orders return to more normalized levels, reinforcing our view that the worst of the disruption is now behind us. Even more encouragingly, we see the latest development in the tariff talks providing potential tailwinds as trade policies stabilize. To quickly recap, the disruptive Chinese tariffs have largely been resolved. Currently, our cellular specialty and dissolving wood pulp exports to China are tariff free and our paperboard imports into the US remain tariff free under the USMCA Free Trade Agreement. Our only directly tariff product at this point is fluff pulp into China at 10%. And we're actively addressing this by trialing a new dissolving wood pulp fluff product and expanding sales into non-tariff regions. Importantly, recent US tariffs include a 15% tariff on EU CS imports, a 10% tariff on Brazilian CS imports, and a 50% tariff on Brazilian ethanol imports, all of which will enhance our competitive positioning. Additionally, the ongoing investigations by the USTR against Brazil for unfair trade practices could provide potential upside, given that Brazil imports approximately 150,000 metric tons of cellular specialty acetate annually. In parallel with these tariff related dynamics, we also experienced foreign exchange headwinds during the quarter with a negative EBITDA impact of approximately $8 million tied to recent US dollar weakness. Though this is recorded as a short-term negative, the weaker US dollar has lowered our cost of US production relative to our major competitors, which could increase our competitive advantage. In short, the tariff story, which clearly a headwind in 2025, is showing strong indications of turning into a potential strategic advantage for us moving forward. However, we are not incorporating any of these potential tailwinds in our outlook. On slide six, I'll dive into several operational challenges that significantly impact our 2025 results. These totals about $18 million in EBITDA headwinds included the following. Labor strikes at Tardis contributed to approximately 20 days of lost or significantly reduced production, compounded by an additional three days of downtime due to the Iberian Peninsula power outage. Staffing constraints at Tardis. Severe winter disruptions and equipment warranty issues at Jessup. And the temporary extended 16 month Fernandina outage interval. These issues have largely been resolved. Tardis currently operates near normalized levels with staffing levels improving. Jessup production is stable and Fernandina will return to a regular 12 month maintenance interval. Additionally, as discussed earlier, we also incurred an isolated non-cash environmental charge totaling $12 million. This charge was related to legacy site remediation responsibilities which carry no immediate cash impact. Slide seven addresses the current situation in Tumiskaming and our plans for that asset. Our current 2025 guidance for the -per-board and high-yield pulp businesses is roughly breakeven to a slight EBITDA loss. Due to soft market conditions and custodial site expenses related to the suspended HPC line. We've identified a clear set of actionable opportunities worth approximately $35 million to restore Tumiskaming to historical profitability. These include aggressive reduction of custodial site and fixed cost, including labor and outside consultants. Improvements in -per-board operating efficiency by increasing planning automation and reducing unplanned mount maintenance outages and grade changes. Launching strategic new products with minimal capital, including freezer board, oil and grease resistant boards and specialized high-yield pulp rolled softwood. And finally, capturing North American market share from European imports now impacted by a 15% US tariff. Given the strong secular North American -per-board market growth of 4 to 6% annually, our unique market positioning as the only North American three-ply board producer. And our highly achievable initiatives I just outlined were confident in restoring Tumiskaming to historical EBITDA levels that averaged around $30 million. Positioning us favorably to divest these non-core assets. Analyst estimates and public comps indicated a divestiture multiple in the five to seven times mid cycle EBITDA range is reasonable. Now let's discuss what we expect the next couple of years to unfold and why we are so confident excited about the future of our company, our growth initiatives and the tremendous value creation opportunities that lie ahead. Slide eight shows forecasted growth of our EBITDA from 2026 onwards from our core cellular specialties and biomaterial businesses and the drivers of that growth. As discussed, we plan to divest of our non-core paper board and high-yield pulp businesses at Tumiskaming, transforming us into a company focused on our core businesses. On this slide, we start with $200 million EBITDA that our core business would have generated in 2025, but for the headwinds we discussed earlier that we do not anticipate will reoccur in 2026 and moving forward. Then we layer on various key drivers that will dramatically grow that EBITDA in the future years. These drivers include A highly attractive cellular specialties market with strong supply demand dynamics supported by meaningful pricing power. Our multi-year plan to reduce unit cost and expand year over year margins. Our unique ownership of the majority of the excess cellular specialty capacity in the market strategically positioning us to capture market share growth opportunities. And our biomaterials initiatives which provide compelling opportunities to recycle capital at exceptionally high investment returns. Backed by a strong balance sheet and robust liquidity, we can fund these initiatives internally without shareholder dilution. Placing us firmly on track for a normalized core EBITDA run rate of approximately $308 million by the end of 2027. Increasing further to about $338 million with our AGE project in 2028. Now let's discuss each of these initiatives one by one. Turning to slide nine, not only has the cellular specialty industry become quite attractive after a long time of earning subpar returns, but also Ryan is exceptionally well situated from a competitive standpoint. Poor historical returns and low margins have led to the closure of several plants and the exit of multiple competitors. Permanently removing excess capacity from the industry. According to third party analysts, the industry has become highly consolidated with Ryan, Beauregard and Brasel collectively representing roughly 80% of the dissolving wood pulp cellular specialty market. Industry utilization now hovers around 90% and expected to tighten further. We anticipate that these market dynamics will support a more stable pricing environment with industry analysts forecasting sustained annual price increases of approximately 4 to 6%, which is expected to more than outpace Ryan's all in cost inflation. Recent tariff disruptions have underscored the essential nature of our cellular specialty products and the lack of alternatives as our offering has emerged largely unscathed from retaliatory tariffs. We are widely recognized as a global leader in producing highly specialized non-commodity products recognized by their superior purity. Our position is supported by proprietary technology and enduring customer relationships that reinforce strong retention and long term value creation. Additionally, approximately half of our cellular specialty markets are non-cyclical providing stable demand. In the more cyclical segments, we see meaningful upside potential, particularly sectors like European construction and industrial markets, which remain depressed and could represent significant opportunity as broader economic conditions improve. Our forecast does not incorporate these upsides. On slide 10, our strong structural cost reduction initiatives are central to expanding margins sustainably. We're targeting around $10 million in corporate expense reductions, primarily through automation and efficiencies gained from our recently implemented ERP system. Additionally, we anticipate roughly $20 million in operational savings from initiatives, including automation of manufacturing processes, improved material usage efficiency, reduced energy consumption, and enhanced asset reliability through targeted capital investments. We plan to invest $24 million to achieve the aforementioned $30 million of annual savings in 2026. Beyond 2026, we have a robust pipeline of cost saving projects for 2027 and beyond with similarly attractive return profile. These cost saving initiatives, along with pricing improvements, are core pillars of our margin expansion strategy. Now turning to slide 11, I want to highlight the substantial EBITDA growth opportunities stemming from our ability to capture the growth within the cellular specialty market. Third party market forecasts remain highly favorable with analysts projecting market growth of approximately 80,000 metric tons over the next two years. Given our unique position of controlling most of the excess capacity within the cellular specialty market, we are exceptionally well positioned to capture a meaningful portion of that growth. Specifically, through the requalification of our Tamiskin production at other facilities and organic market growth, we're projecting incremental EBITDA contributions in the range of $30 million by the end of 2027. This estimate assumes that we will capture volumes in line with our existing market share, though it is likely that we will capture an upsized share of the organic growth due to our outsized share of the industry's excess capacity. Beyond these conservative projections, further upside not in our forecast exists, particularly tied to the European ethers market. To frame this clearly, European ethers demand declined approximately 110,000 metric tons between 2022 and 2023 due to broad economic headwinds. TARDIS has 20,000 metric tons of excess ethers capacity, which could yield an additional $15 million in EBITDA for IAM, and much more than that if prices increase, which is likely in a recovery scenario. Further upside, also not in our projections, stands from our position as the leading global producer of nitrous cellulose for munitions and explosives, particularly given increased global defense spending trends. Turning your attention now to slide 12, I'd like to clearly outline our biomaterial strategy and the exciting opportunities we have to monetize previously under-leveraged byproducts stemming from our cellulose specialty production processes. As you know, approximately 60% of the dry portion of the tree is composed of non-cellulose byproducts historically utilized for energy value. Our Biomaterials Initiative strategically transforms these materials into high value products like biofuels, bioelectricity, crude tol oil, prebiotics, lignosulfinates, turpentine, and biogenic CO2 for sustainable aviation fuels. The contracted cash flows generated from these products justify a high multiple in the marketplace because of their stable characteristics. Our TARDIS bioethanol project represents the first step in the execution of this strategy. This initiative required only $5 million in Ryan Equity investment due to our leveraging of European green financing and attractive interest rates and securing a stable five-year take or pay contract with ExxonMobil. The single project alone is expected to generate between $8-10 million of EBITDA annually. yielding an exceptional equity ROI of over 10 times our initial equity investment based on market valuations. This clearly demonstrates the potential embedded within our biomaterials development strategy utilizing our existing infrastructure. We believe we have barely scratched the surface of this opportunity and have a multi-year pipeline of these high return projects that will be a core driver of our growth going forward. Our future biomaterials project pipeline is highlighted in slide 13. Our Bionova JV with Swinn Capital is advancing four significant Portfolio 1 projects to final investment decisions. Specifically, these include an additional bioethanol plant at Fernadina, prebiotics and CTO facilities at Jessup, and an additional CTO facility at TARDIS. With committed capital in place, these projects represent a total investment of approximately $110 million and are projected to generate around $39 million in annual EBITDA. Due to strategic financing structures and favorable market valuations, we expect exceptional Ryan Equity returns of seven times ROI. The Ultimaha Green Energy or AGE project at Jessup developed in partnership with the Beasley Group further complements our biomaterials portfolio. Scheduled for completion in late 2028, AGE leverages our existing Jessup site infrastructure. Ryan's 49% share of the AGE pre-tax income is expected to be $30 million annually through a secured 30-year fixed price power purchase agreement with Georgia Power. With Ryan's equity contribution of about $40 million towards a $500 million project, we anticipate equity returns ranging from 10 to 12 times ROI. Clearly demonstrating once again the compelling financial returns achievable through our biomaterials initiatives. Now moving to slide 14, I'd like to reinforce the unique competitive advantage that we believe Ryan possesses. Our ability to recycle capital into high-return biomaterial projects driven by our extensive asset base. Illustratively, our Jessup facility alone is estimated to have a replacement cost exceeding $4 billion. This asset base provides us with unmatched flexibility and cost efficiency when launching new initiatives. Unlike potential competitors who must start from scratch, we have existing infrastructure and technical know-how already in place, giving us a clear cost advantage over any newcomers. These initiatives are speculative ventures carrying technical or market validation risks. The commercial viability has already been clearly validated in markets by competitors such as Beauregard. Our recent signed memoranda of understanding with Verso Energy for exploring ESAF opportunities in both Jessup and Tardis, and with Grand Bio for a pilot scale ethanol or jet plant in Jessup, our validation of the rich pipeline of potential high return opportunities that leverage our asset base and provide visibility for our growth and value creations for years to come. Slide 15 highlights our strong, solid financial foundation which remains critical to executing our strategy. As the end of Q2, Ryan maintains strong liquidity totaling approximately $202 million, including around $71 million of cash on hand. Additionally, we continue to operate well below our covenant thresholds using a disciplined approach to capital allocation coupled with strong cash flow management will enable us to fund strategic initiatives internally without shareholder dilution. Additionally, the potential divestitures of our non-core paperboard and high-yield pulp segments as discussed earlier will further materially strengthen our financial position. Anticipated proceeds will significantly improve our leverage profile, further enhancing our strategic flexibility and allowing us to continue funding high return growth initiatives and explore potential shareholder returns down the road. In addition, our existing term debt becomes callable in 2026, providing a meaningful opportunity to reprice our debt and significantly reduce interest expense, further enhancing free cash flow. Illustratively, if we can lower the interest rate by 400 basis points and use the proceeds from the sale of the Timmiske-Mingling asset of $180 million to pay down the debt, the cash interest would be reduced by over $40 million per year. We anticipate generating exceptional free cash flow as our EBITDA grows. Ryan's targeted 2027 run rate core EBITDA of over $300 million. When applying nearly $140 million of free cash flow to be utilized in high return growth investments, further deleveraging and shareholder returns. Finally, on slide 16, I'd like to summarize the compelling investment opportunity Ryan represents. We believe our current value significantly understates the intrinsic strengths and growth potential embedded in our business. The temporary 2025 headwinds detailed earlier, tariffs, operational disruptions, environmental charges, and foreign exchange impacts, appears to be now largely behind us. We enjoy strong competitive positioning in our core business. Our strategic initiatives in cellular specialties and biomaterials are well on track, and our financial foundation is solid. Applying conservative peer multiples to our forecasted normalized 2027 EBITDA demonstrates a clear valuation upside of approximately 8 to 10 times our current market valuation. As investors increasingly recognize our compelling strategic positioning, the value of our biomaterials initiatives, and the structural improvements we've made across the enterprise, we firmly believe substantial shareholder value creation lies ahead. In summary, while 2025 represents a set of extraordinary headwinds, we believe the most significant impacts are now behind us. With strong recovery momentum, a disciplined capital strategy, compelling growth initiatives in cellular specialties and biomaterials, we believe Ryan is well and uniquely positioned to unlock significant shareholder value. At current valuation levels, we believe there is a disconnect between our market price and underlying fundamentals, presenting a compelling opportunity for investors as our strategy progresses. With that, I'll turn the call now over to Marcus for additional financial and segment level insights. Marcus.

Thank you, Delisle. Let's now turn to slide 17, which summarizes our second quarter 2025 financial highlights. In the second quarter, revenue was $340 million, down $79 million year over year. Operating loss was $1 million, declining by $29 million compared to the prior year. Adjusted free cash flow year to date was negative $52 million, while adjusted EBITDA was $28 million, a $40 million decrease compared to the second quarter of last year. As a reminder, the prior year period included a $10 million benefit associated with deferred income from the Canadian Emergency Wage Subsidy Program, known as SUSE. The primary drivers of the EBITDA decline this quarter can be summarized with the following highlights. In CS, earnings decreased by approximately $22 million, driven by lower sales volumes due to tariff-related disruptions and the indefinite suspension of the Tmiskming HPC lock, along with higher input costs and operational challenges at our Tartaz facility due to the labor strike. The paperboard segment saw earnings decline by $10 million, reflecting lower sales volumes and prices, impacted by indirect tariff effects and increased competitive activity. In high-yield pulp, earnings decreased by approximately $9 million, driven by lower pricing and volumes due to continued oversupply conditions in China and broader macroeconomic headwinds. Given these results, we have revised our full year 2025 adjusted EBITDA guidance to a range of $150 million to $160 million, which implies second half EBITDA of approximately $105 million to $115 million. Adjusted free cash flow guidance is estimated at negative $10 million to $25 million for the full year, with positive free cash flow of approximately $35 million anticipated in the second half of the year. Let's now review our segment results, beginning with cellulose specialties on slide 18. Quarterly net sales for CS decreased $33 million to $208 million. A 3% increase in sales prices was more than offset by a 15% decline in sales volumes, driven by tariff-related order pauses in April and May, elevated prior year sales ahead of the Tmiskming HPC indefinite suspension, and the labor strike at Tartaz. Operating income declined $21 million year over year to $29 million. This decline was mainly due to lower sales volumes, higher input costs, and lower production due to the operational challenges and labor strike at Tartaz. Adjusted EBITDA margins declined to 22% from 28% a year ago. On slide 19, in our biomaterial segment, net sales declined by $2 million year over year to $6 million, caused by operational challenges and a labor strike at Tartaz, which temporarily limited feedstock availability for the bioethanol facility. Operating income was flat at $1 million, as reduced, higher shared service and ancillary costs were offset by lower production costs. Adjusted EBITDA margin for this segment was 17% compared to 25% in the prior year, reflecting the temporary operational impacts. Turning to cellulose commodities on slide 20, net sales increased by $26 million to $59 million, driven by a 33% decline in sales volumes due to lower non-fluff commodity sales and the labor strike at Tartaz, partially offset by a 7% increase in sales prices, driven by market supply dynamics for fluff. Operating results improved by $12 million compared to last year, reducing the operating loss to $9 million. This improvement reflects lower non-fluff commodity losses, reduced indefinite suspension charges, and favorable input costs, partially offset by the lower production volumes related to operational challenges. Our paper board results are detailed on slide 21. Net sales declined by $13 million year over year to $47 million, reflecting a 23% decline in sales volumes and a 3% decrease in prices impacted by product mix, shifting customer dynamics tied to tariff uncertainty, and increased competitive activity due to higher EU imports and new US capacity. Operating income declined $12 million year over year, primarily due to lower sales volumes and pricing, and to miscumming custodial site costs. Adjusted EBITDA for the segment was $5 million, with margins declining to 11% from 25% in the prior year quarter. Lastly, slide 22 covers our high-yield pulp segment. Net sales decreased $4 million year over year to $29 million, driven by an 11% decline in sales prices and a 7% reduction in sales volumes, reflecting continued oversupply conditions in China and shipment timing delays to customers in India. Operating loss increased by $8 million to $7 million, primarily due to lower pricing, reduced volumes, higher logistics costs, and to miscumming custodial site costs. With that, operator, please open the call to questions.

Thank you. We will now conduct a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star 2 to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. Once again, that's star 1 at this time. One moment while we poll for the first question. The first question comes from Matthew McKella with RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed. Hi,

good morning and thanks for taking my questions. First, I'd just like to ask what kind of timeline are you anticipating for having this dissolving wood pulp fluff product approved for sale in China at zero tariffs and qualified with the Chinese customers? And how should we think about the potential pickup and EBITDA that would be associated to this in the context of any changes in cost to produce the product versus the traditional fluff and the volumes you then expect to sell with China?

Thanks. Hey, good morning, Matt. This is Delisle.

The question on fluff and our product development around the new dissolving wood pulp fluff. We have where we are with that right now is that we have sent and are sending material to our customers in China as we speak for their trials and qualifications. And if those go well, then the expectation is that as we approach 2026, that we'll be able to commercialize those going forward. In terms of impact on EBITDA, a little harder to say other than to suggest that the increase in cost to make the dissolving wood pulp fluff versus our standard fluff is a little bit higher than it would be otherwise. And that's fully to be expected given that the purity level will be higher. But the other day we do expect that that as we introduce that product that will recapture most, if not all of our share lost as a result of the 10% tariff that we have right now going into China.

Okay, thanks. Thanks very much for that color. Next for me, just on the structural costs or reduction of initiatives. Is the 24 million of capital you've mentioned to be spent entirely in 2026 or does that incorporate any spending in 2025? And then should we think about that $30 million target is what you capture in 2026 or your exit rate? And then just last, the initiative to misdemean, how should we think about the timing of execution there? Is that also effectively a run rate to exit 26? Thank you.

Okay. So addressing the cost savings that was mentioned, the $30 million that we had mentioned in the presentation and the $24 million of capital will be spent. Most of that $24 million in capital will be spent in 25. And the $30 million of value that we noted will be realized as we expect to realize that in 2026. So we'll be positioned as we enter 26 to realize those savings. With respect to what to misdemean and the turnaround there, we were somewhat fortunate in that we were well positioned coming into 25 with introducing a number of the new products that that was noted. And as a consequence, as we go into 26, we believe that we'll be well along our way in terms of getting those products qualified and introduced into the market in 26. So the freezer board, which has now been fully certified and is the customers for trials now, the oil and grease board, which has passed through our production trials and is now going to our customers for their work to do to qualify the product. Again, we believe that those products will be well positioned to commercialize in 25 or in 26. The high yield pulp softwood rolls product that would go, which is a brand new product for us in high yield, is targeted to go into China as a low grade absorptive product to for bed pads and for pet pads and things like that. There's a number of steps we had to get through. And the first step, which was to show that we could make a softwood pulp off of one of our high yield pulp lines, which historically has been hardwood. And, and that that trial has, we've just completed and was largely largely successful. The next is to pass that that pulp through our idled HPC machine and roll line, which we plan to do in the next next few weeks. And then we'll ship that to our customers in September, October for their trials. Again, expecting that we would get those trials completed in the fourth quarter, so that we can introduce that product in, in the first quarter of 2026. And why I mentioned all that is because a large share of the $35 million benefit is tied to new product development. And so it's important for us and I would call that actually our critical path elements to achieve that $35 million of benefit. The rest of the benefit is really around cost reduction and improving the operating efficiencies of the paperboard line through automation, better planning, reducing grade changes, those kinds of things, which again, utilizing an outside resource. We brought in FTI Global to help us out on identifying those opportunities and helping us to execute that again as we enter into 2026. Expect that, you know, we may not get the full $35 million of benefit in 2026, but we should get a line share of that in that year.

Great. Thanks for the additional detail. I'll

pass it back. Thanks. The next question comes from Daniel Harriman with Hidoti. Please proceed.

Hey guys, good morning. Thank you for taking my questions. Just a couple quick ones to start off. You're conservatively forecasting 30 million in incremental EBITDA within cellulose specialties through 27. Understanding that's conservative, can you kind of go into what we need to go right to outperform that number? And then on your 2027 core business run rate EBITDA, you're looking to generate $140 million in annual free cash flow. At that stage, obviously right now, even considering the issues you've had, your balance sheet remains in really good shape. So how should we think about capital deployment in 2027? Would you continue to work down the debt and invest in some of these high-return capital projects? Or does that open the door for potential share repurchases or other mechanisms that you could use?

Good morning, Dan.

Let me try to address each one of your questions in sequence. First, the $30 million of additional cellulose specialty margin growth through 2027. That's really tied to the substitution of cellulose specialties in exchange for the commodities. So what's really driving it is the organic growth we expect of CS over the next couple of years. And then as that grows, we will then replace the commodity production that we currently have. So the underlying assumption is that we will grow, increase our volumes roughly 15,000 tons per year. So 30,000 tons in total during those two years. And the pricing differential of roughly $1,000 per ton of specialty versus commodity is really the, is really how you go about calculating that margin improvement. Does that make sense?

Yeah, it does. Thank you.

Okay. What was your

question? On capital allocation. Second question, right, Dan? Yeah, yeah,

it was sure. Sure. Just looking at 27, your run rate core business EVA, you're assuming that will generate $140 million in free cash flow. And your balance sheet right now remains in good shape despite the issues you've had through the first six months. So I'm just wondering how we should think about capital allocation, you know, over the horizon there in terms of continued debt repayment or more geared towards investment in high return capital projects.

Okay, so with respect to how we use the capital as we go forward, and particularly the free cash flow, the focus will be on generating and executing on high return projects. As we as we plan through 2027, we believe that there are a number of those projects, both on the cost reduction side as well as on revenue growth opportunities. We kind of outlined a couple of them in the in the presentation, which are around ESAF and bioethanol to jet opportunities. So we think that there will be continue to be projects that will provide substantial equity returns for us for the next for the next few years. There will always be a desire to pay down debt. I've stated time and again that we'd like to pay down debt around 5% of the principal per year. In 25 we were restricted on doing that, given our new debt agreement. But again, that'll be something that we would look to to do with with something with some of the capital going forward as projects dry up or the return on those projects get to a certain level that is no longer would be no longer attracted to our shareholders. Of course, we would then consider possibly returning capital back to the shareholders. I would say that's probably a little further down the list, given what given the, I would say, rich library of opportunities we have to to invest the capital in the business.

And then we probably mentioned. Right? The Amherst nation's around 22M that I mentioned. So roughly 3%. So we're close to 5. And a natural place to allocate capital that covered in his deck was the AGE investment, right? Because that's outside of buying over.

Correct. Thanks so much guys.

Thank you once again to ask a question, please press star 1 on your telephone keypad. Our next question comes from Demetri Silverstein with water tower research. Please proceed.

Good morning, gentlemen. Thank you for taking my call. I want to go back a little bit to your cost reduction, 30M dollars in cost reduction that you're looking to get out of corporate and operations. How fast do you think that you can get to that run rate? Given that some of these things, particularly the non corporate portions will require some time as far as automation and things like that that you're targeting to get these cost savings.

Good morning, Dominic. The,

the how fast we can get to the 30M dollar run rate is that we expect it will be at that run rate as we enter 2026.

A lot of

the, a lot of the investments needed to achieve that run rate outside of corporate have already been invested or are being invested. And the expectation expectation those projects will be completed as, as we exit this year.

Okay, so you will see a gradual improvement in the back of the year and you hit that one rate going into 2026. Okay.

And it'll be relatively more. It'll be relatively minor because both these projects will largely be completed in like the 4th quarter.

Got it. Thank you for that. And then you mentioned the sort of the positive impact of tariffs as you get into the 2nd half of the year into 2026. Specifically the 15% and the 50% tariffs that are on EU and Brazil imports. Clearly you will benefit from that. So, like, my, I'm kind of interested in how you were thinking about this. Are you going to benefit from it in terms of gaining market share? Being the lower cost producer than the Europeans and the Brazilians plus the tariff. Or do you see that as an opportunity to be able to continue to raise prices in these markets as they are, as you mentioned with 90% capacity utilization to the industry clearly are set up for continuing price increases.

Good question. And I could spend a long time talking

about how we internally have been gaming that those scenarios about what the tariffs would mean to us. These call them the tailwind tariffs, the tariffs on EU imports and the tariffs on Brazilian imports. When I look at pricing, and we've talked about this for the last couple of years, we believe in a value versus volume strategy when it comes to our CS business. So we will continue to look for inflation plus pricing on our CS business. So the pricing goes up at least more than inflation and a little higher than inflation to capture what we believe is the intrinsic value of our product offering. So we will continue to do that. The 15% tariff obviously gives us, it will increase our headroom with respect to our competitive positioning relative to our competition. That may allow us to be a little bit more aggressive in defending our share in our home market here in the United States. So, and maybe at the end of the day we end up having that realized as increased margin going forward in terms of if it translates into a lower US dollar relative to other currencies. So I'm not going to, the plan is not to use this as a club on our customers. But at the same time, we want to make sure that we completely lever it to strengthen our comparative advantage to relative to our competition here in our home

market. Understood. That's helpful. Thanks for that call. Thank you, Mr. Chair. And then final question. When you look at your biomaterials business, you're getting into new markets for you, but they're not brand new markets. They're existing players there, including SAF, including tall oil. Is your confidence of being able to ramp up your biomaterials businesses rapidly through 2028 based on the fact that you see these markets growing fast enough to allow for new entrants such as yourself to gain market share without having to sacrifice price? Or do you intend to as a new market entrant

use price to gain share? Okay, to just re-emphasize,

we're highly confident that we're going to be able to ramp up the construction of these facilities and commercialize them over the course of the next few years. We've gone through a lot of effort to get the engineering completed, working on the permitting to get that behind us, making sure the projects will achieve the investment hurdle thresholds that we've stated that we want to, that we're enforcing. All that work is coming to a head here. And as we said, we expect to get the final investment decisions on the Portfolio 1 projects as well as AGE project by the end of this year. So the confidence of being able to pull this off in terms of constructing the plants is very, very high. With respect to the strategy to enter the markets that we're pursuing, whether it be CTO or bioethanol or call it green electricity, we're a drop in the bucket. So our new supply isn't going to materially change the marketplace in any significant degree. We'll believe that as we act as part of the financial investment as a result as part of the financial or financial investment decision, we will have in hand commercial agreements. That's one of the stipulations of getting to a financial investment decision is actually having a commercial agreement in hand that we will have the ability and already have the agreement to move that material before we even produce the first drop of any of those products.

Okay, okay. That's very helpful, Delisle. Thank you for

that. That's all the questions I have.

Thank you. At this time, I would like to turn the floor back to Delisle Blomquist for closing remarks.

Okay, well, in summary, we believe 2025's temporary headwinds are largely behind us. We look forward to delivering strong sequential and year over year growth. Our entire team is enthusiastic about the future and I feel fortunate to lead a company with strong competitive positioning and a robust pipeline of high return growth projects. We believe we are well positioned for significant margin expansion, accelerating cash flow growth, and discipline capital deployment opportunities that can generate compelling returns. Some with the potential to exceed 10 times ROI based on current assumptions and market conditions. It is our job to execute as flawlessly as possible on this opportunity and to educate you, the investors, on our unique value proposition. And we intend to do that job well. And thank you for your joining us this morning. If you have any questions, please reach out to us. We'll make ourselves available.

Thank you. This does conclude today's teleconference. We thank you for your participation. You may disconnect your lines this time and have a great day.