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Operator
Thank you for standing by and welcome to the second quarter 2001 TransTime Group Incorporated Earnings Conference call. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you'll need to press star 1 on your telephone. As a reminder, today's program is being recorded. And now I'd like to introduce your host for today's program, Jimmy Steinman, Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Jimmy Steinman
Thank you and welcome to Transdime's fiscal 2021 second quarter earnings conference call. Presenting on the call this morning are Transdime's Executive Chairman, Nick Hawley, President and Chief Executive Officer, Kevin Stein, and Chief Financial Officer, Mike Listman. Please visit our website at transdime.com to obtain a supplemental slide deck and call replay information. Before we begin, the company would like to remind you that statements made during the call which are not historical in fact, are forward-looking statements. For further information about important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements, please refer to the company's latest filings with the SEC available through the investor section of our website or at sec.gov. The company would also like to advise you that during the course of the call, we will be referring to EBITDA specifically EBITDA as defined, adjusted net income, and adjusted earnings per share, all of which are non-GAAP financial measures. Please see the tables and related footnotes in the earnings release for a presentation of the most directly comparable GAAP measures and applicable reconciliation. I will now turn the call over to Nick.
Transdime
Good morning. Thanks, everybody, for calling in. As usual, I'll start off with a quick overview of our strategy, a few comments about the quarter, and then Kevin and Mike will expand and give more color. To reiterate, we're unique in the industry in both the consistency of our strategy in good and bad times, as well as our steady focus on intrinsic shareholder value creation through all phases of the aerospace cycle. To summarize, here are some of the reasons why we believe this. About 90% of our sales are generated by proprietary products, and over three-quarters of our net sales come from products for which we believe we are the sole source provider. Most of our EBITDA comes from aftermarket revenues, which generally have significantly higher margins and over any extended period of time have typically provided relative stability in the downturns. We follow a consistent long-term strategy. Specifically, we own and operate proprietary aerospace businesses with significant aftermarket content. Second, we utilize a simple, well-proven, value-based operating methodology. Third, we have a decentralized organization structure and a unique compensation system closely aligned with our shareholders. Fourth, we acquire businesses that fit this strategy and where we see a clear path to PE-like returns. And lastly, our capital structure and allocation of our capital are key parts of our value creation methodology. Our longstanding goal is to give our shareholders private equity-like returns with the liquidity of a public market. To do this, we have to stay focused on both the details of value creation as well as careful allocation of our capital. As you saw from our earnings release, we had another decent quarter, considering the environment. We see a bit more light at the end of the tunnel, but are still in a pretty tough commercial aerospace market environment. On a positive note, we saw another significant sequential increase in quarterly commercial aftermarket bookings in Q2. This is the second quarter in a row with a significant step-up. The stalling of the air travel recovery that concerned us last quarter, though still spotty, looks somewhat better now, but may have pushed a ramp up a quarter or so out. The two most important operating items we have focused on through this downturn are on the things we can to some degree control. One, tightly managing our costs, and I think we have this well in hand. Second, assuring substantial liquidity, and this also seems well in hand. Absent some large additional dislocation or shutdown, we should come out of this with substantial firepower. We continue to look at possible M&A opportunities and are always attentive to our allocation. Both the M&A and the capital markets are always difficult to predict, and especially so in times like these, But in Q2, we acquired the Cobham Aero Connectivity business for an enterprise value of $965 million. On the divestiture front, in the last 60 days, we signed agreements to sell three additional less proprietary and mostly defense businesses for about $240 million. Collectively, these businesses have revenues of roughly $180 and EBITDA margins in the low 20%. We expect to receive all the proceeds in Q3. We still have one primarily defense business that we are currently considering for sale. At this time, I do not anticipate that we will make any significant dividend or share buybacks for the next three or four quarters, or at least until the commercial market shows stronger signs of a rebound and our leverage level settles down a bit. But we'll keep watching. and see if our view changes over time. We believe we are about as well positioned as we can be right now, and we'll watch for market developments and react accordingly. And now let me hand it over to Kevin to review our performance.
Kevin
Thanks, Nick. Today I will first provide my regular review of results by key market and profitability of the business for the quarter. I'll also comment on recent acquisition activity and fiscal 2021 outlook. During our Q2 fiscal 2021 quarter, there continued to be a significant unfavorable impact on our business as a result of the reduced demand for travel due to the pandemic. However, the commercial aerospace industry has continued to show signs of recovery in recent months with the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine and increasing air traffic, especially in certain domestic markets. In our business, we saw another quarter of sequential improvement in commercial aftermarket revenues with total commercial aftermarket revenues of 12% over Q1. Additionally, I am very pleased that we continue to sequentially expand our EBITDA as defined margin as a result of careful management of our cost structure and focus on our operating strategy in this challenging commercial environment. Now, we will review our revenue by market category. For the remainder of the call, I will provide color commentary on a pro forma basis compared to the prior year period in 2020. That is assuming we own the same mix of businesses in both periods. This market discussion now includes the recent acquisition of Cobham Aero Connectivity and removes the impact of any divestitures completed by the end of Q2. In the commercial market, which typically makes up close to 65% of our revenue, we will split our discussion into OEM and aftermarket. Our total commercial OEM market revenue declined approximately 43% in Q2 when compared with Q2 of the prior year period. We continue to assume the demand for our commercial OEM products will be significantly reduced throughout the remaining half of 2021 due to reductions in OEM production rates and airlines deferring or canceling new aircraft orders. Longer term, the commercial aerospace market is fluid and continues to evolve. We anticipate a depressed commercial OEM end market for some uncertain period of time when compared to pre-COVID levels. However, recent commentary from Airbus on potential A320 rate ramps in 2022 and beyond are certainly encouraging. On a positive note, Q2 bookings demonstrated strong sequential improvement of over 20% compared to Q1 bookings and solidly outpaced sales. As we mentioned last quarter, the bookings improvement we are seeing is likely an indicator of OEM destocking slowing. Now moving on to our commercial aftermarket business discussion. Total commercial aftermarket revenues declined by approximately 39% in Q2 when compared to prior year Q2. This quarterly decline was primarily driven by decreased demand in our passenger and interior submarkets. However, our commercial transport freight market returned to modest growth and slightly offset this decline. To repeat, sequentially total commercial aftermarket revenues grew approximately 12% in Q2, another encouraging data point. Commercial aftermarket bookings were still down this quarter compared to the same prior year period. However, the bookings declined less than the observed flight traffic declines with freight and business jet bookings continuing to improve. Q2 bookings sequentially improved almost 30% and solidly outpaced sales. This is likely the result of destocking slowing at airlines, increased flight activity, and future planning. To touch on a few key points of consideration, global revenue passenger miles are still low, though off the bottom, and now recovering. IATA's most recent forecast expects that calendar year 2021 revenue passenger miles will be 57% below 2019 but we are cautiously optimistic. There was an uptick in domestic air traffic in March and April, and airlines are seeing strength in bookings that will drive summer flight schedules. Certain airlines have already announced domestic wide-body routes to serve the anticipated demand this summer. IATA does forecast a strong second half of calendar 2021 with a rebound in domestic travel in the U.S. back at 2019 levels of revenue passenger miles and China well above that level. There is also potential for international travel openings more as governments consider revising travel restrictions. For cargo demand, this was weaker prior to the COVID-19 crisis as FTKs have declined from the all-time high in 2017. However, a loss of passenger belly cargo and the pickup in e-commerce has helped cargo operations to recover quicker than commercial travel. Business jets. Utilization data has shown that activity in certain regions has rebounded to pre-pandemic or better levels. This is due to personal and leisure travel as opposed to business travel at this time. It remains to be seen if business jet utilization will continue to expand, but current trends are encouraging. We believe there is a global pent-up demand for travel. We see evidence of this demand through the recovery in domestic travel, specifically in the US and China. and the optimism of airlines for the summer season. Domestic travel is currently benefiting from international travel restrictions and could offset some lost international travel in the market. In due time, with vaccine distribution and lifting of travel restrictions, passenger demand across the globe will increase. Historically, personal travel has counted for the largest percentage of revenue passenger miles, and forecasts still indicate a more meaningful pickup in personal travel in the back half of this calendar year, followed later by business travel, and we are hopeful this will be the case. Now let me speak about our defense market, which traditionally is at or below 35% of our total revenue. The defense market revenue, which includes both OEM and aftermarket revenues, grew by approximately 8% in Q2 when compared with the prior year periods. Our defense order book remains strong, and we continue to expect our defense business to expand throughout the remainder of the year. Moving now to profitability, I'm going to talk primarily about our operating performance or EBITDA as defined. EBITDA is defined of about $519 million for Q2, was down 23% versus prior Q2. EBITDA's defined margin in the quarter was approximately 43.5%. we were able to improve our EBITDA as defined margin approaching 100 basis points sequentially, despite the acquisition dilution from the recent Cobham acquisition of about 100 basis points as well. Next, I will provide a quick update on our recent acquisition. The Cobham acquisition integration is progressing well under the leadership of one of our experienced EVPs, Joel Reese. We have now owned Cobham a little over four months, and we are pleased with the acquisition thus far. We have split Cobham into two operating units, Canyon Aero Connect, located in Prescott, Arizona, and Shelton Limited, located in Marlow, UK. Two experienced Transdyn presidents are leading the integration of these two operating units. Now moving to our outlook for 2021, we are still not in a position to issue formal fiscal 2021 sales. EBITDA is defined in net income guidance at this time. we will look to reinstitute guidance when we have a clearer picture of the future. We, like most aero suppliers, are hopeful that we will realize a more meaningful return of activity in the second half of the calendar year. For now, we are encouraged by the recovery in our commercial OEM and aftermarket bookings in the first half of our fiscal year, along with the improvement we have seen in our commercial aftermarket revenues. As for the defense market, and an update to our defense revenue growth comments on the Q4 and Q1 earnings calls previously, we now expect defense revenue growth in the mid-single-digit percent range for fiscal 2021 versus prior year. The previous expectation communicated for fiscal 2021 defense revenue growth was low to mid-single-digit growth. Additionally, given the continued uncertainty in the commercial market channels and consistent with our past commentary, we are not providing an expected dollar range for fiscal 2021 EBITDA as defined. We assume a steady increase in commercial aftermarket revenue going forward and expect full year fiscal 2021 EBITDA margin roughly in the area of 44%, which could be higher or lower based on the rate of commercial aftermarket recovery. This includes a dilutive effect to our EBITDA margin from the Cobham Aero Connectivity acquisition. Mike will provide details on other fiscal 2021 financial assumptions and updates. Let me conclude by stating that I am pleased with the company's performance in this challenging time for the commercial aerospace industry and with our commitment to driving values for our stakeholders. The commercial aerospace market recovery is underway and current trends are encouraging. There is still uncertainty about the pace of the recovery, but the team remains focused on controlling what we can control. We are closely monitoring the ongoing developments in the commercial aerospace industry and ensure that we remain ready to meet the demand as it returns. We look forward to the remaining half of 2021 and expect that our consistent strategy will continue to provide the value you have come to expect from us. With that, I will now turn it over to our Chief Financial Officer, Mike Lisman.
Nick
Morning, everyone. I'm going to quickly hit on a few additional financial matters for the quarter and then also the full fiscal year. For the quarter, organic growth was negative 20 percent, driven by the declines in our commercial end markets and despite some healthy defense growth in the quarter. I won't rehash the results for revenue, EBITDA, and EPS, as you can see all of that info in the press release. On taxes, our expectation for the full year is unchanged. That is, we still anticipate our GAAP cash and adjusted rates to be in the 18% to 22% range. Regarding tax rates out beyond FY21, we're monitoring potential changes in the U.S. tax code under the new administration, and we'll provide some guidance on our future rate expectations once any legislation is finalized. On interest expense, we now expect the full year charge to be $1.06 billion, reduced from prior guidance primarily for the refinancing activity completed this year. You can find this revised interest expense guidance and then a few other updated financial assumptions on slide six of today's supplemental presentation. Moving over to cash and liquidity, we had another quarter of positive free cash flow. Free cash flow, which we traditionally define at Transdime as our EBITDA as defined, less cash interest payments, cash capex, and cash taxes was roughly $146 million. For the full fiscal year, we expect to continue running free cash flow positive as we define this metric. In line with our prior November guidance, we still expect this amount to be in the $800 million area, maybe a little better for our fiscal 21. We ended the second quarter with $4.1 billion of cash down from $4.9 billion at last quarter's end. Note that last quarter's $4.9 billion balance was prior to the Cobham acquisition for an enterprise value of $965 million that closed on January 5th. Pro forma for the closing of this acquisition, our Q2 net debt to LTM EBITDA ratio was 8.2 times. With our last pre-COVID quarter now having rolled out of the LTM EBITDA computation, We believe that the net debt to EBITDA ratio as of our second quarter end is at or very close to its peak. In subsequent quarters, it should at worst remain relatively stable, but more likely start to show gradual improvement as our commercial end markets rebound. From an overall cash liquidity and balance sheet standpoint, we think we remain in good position and well prepared to withstand the currently depressed commercial environment for quite some time. Lastly, in shifting gears from financial matters, I'd like to provide a quick update on our ongoing USDOD IG audit. We've been actively engaged with the IG office with some ebbs and flows and continue to work through the audit process. At our best assessment and based upon what we see, this ongoing audit appears to be similar in scope to our prior audits. While it's difficult to know exactly when a final report could be issued publicly, We expect that this might happen sometime during Q3 or Q4 of our fiscal 21. With that, I'll turn it back to the operator to kick off the Q&A.
Operator
Certainly. Ladies and gentlemen, if you have a question at this time, please press star then 1 on your touchtone telephone. If your question has been answered and you'd like to remove yourself from the queue, please press the pound key. Our first question comes from the line of Miles Walton. Your question, please. Great. Thanks. Good morning.
Miles Walton
Nick, you made a comment around likely not doing repurchase or dividends for the next several quarters. And I'm just curious why you take it off the table, given you can't predict the outcome of the M&A environment, and you generally thought about not retaining a cash drag for too long.
Nick
Yeah, I think my own – Mike, do you want to take it? Yeah, now – As we've mentioned a couple times in the past, until we see a couple more months and quarters of recovery here, I think the bias is just to be conservative with the cash and what we do with it and hold a larger balance for now until the situation in the commercial end markets improves. So it's not much more than that.
Miles Walton
Okay. And then maybe a clarification. Is the OEM, do you think that has also troughed? I think sequentially it's declined again. Is there The booking strength looks like it probably is indicative of that troughing, but can you just confirm what the sequential decline was there?
Kevin
I think the bookings, that seems to indicate that we've troughed, I would believe, but we'll see how it plays out. I don't anticipate any future revisions to production rate down, so I would assume that.
Miles Walton
Was there a particular unit that you're seeing it in? I imagine line body focused and out of airframe. No? No. Okay. All right. I'll leave it there. Thanks.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Robert Spinkarn. Your question, please.
Robert Spinkarn
Hey, good morning. In terms of the booking strength, especially as it comes through sequentially here and focusing on the aftermarket, Nick or Kevin, do you have any sense when that will translate into into some spike in sales. I know you've said you don't have enough here to guide, but between your conversations with your customers and the bookings, is there any sense of which quarter we're going to see an improvement in sales that's notable aftermarket?
Kevin
Yeah, I think that we've seen strong sequential improvement in aftermarket bookings. We've also seen some in OEM bookings. I think what we need to see is more flight activity. That will give us a breakout quarter. I think we're just starting to see ourselves come out of this. I'll remind you that our thoughts when we went into this year were somewhat flat, Q1 and Q2, with a slight uptick in the second half, nothing dramatic. I still think we're on that pace. But for a real breakout, which I think is what you're driving, and when do these orders come through, it's going to take more flight activity, I think. We're just at the beginning of the takeoff, I think, and we need more positive signs of that. That lends itself to Mike's answer for the last question as well. We just need to see more stability here, more consistent performance for us to feel comfortable with the future quarters. We know that we book up to two years out on OEM, and so it's harder to predict when OEM orders will come in. Aftermarket orders tend to be more book and ship. You'd expect that there will be more good news on the closer horizon, but there's still a lot to be seen.
Robert Spinkarn
Okay. And then, Kevin, just as a follow-up, you have done very well managing the business through the downturn, but I wanted to see if you could talk a little bit about your playbook for managing through this upturn when it comes and how you deal with input cost pressures and then potential, I suppose, labor shortfalls.
Kevin
Well, I think it's the same approach and attack plan as always. We are very disciplined in adding back costs. We will do so in a very disciplined manner. We will pass along, of course, increased costs in terms of inflationary pressures. We will practice the same playbook as always as we go through this. I think this will work very well for trans time. As we come out of this, we will see improved, I think, margin position as we come out of this, given the cost reductions that we've done, as well as what has happened with some value pricing. And is labor available if you need it? You know, what is going to return first in this market is aftermarket, and that requires less labor. It's OEM builds that drive OEM demand that drives labor need quite significantly. I'm not saying that we won't need to hire, but the aftermarket recovery is less labor intensive.
Robert Spinkarn
Okay. Thanks very much.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of David Strauss. Your question, please.
David Strauss
Thanks. Good morning.
Operator
Morning.
David Strauss
The 12% sequential improvement in the aftermarket that you highlighted, can you maybe just directionally talk about it, Kevin, from the perspective of engine versus interiors versus passenger, what you're seeing? Sure.
Kevin
Yeah, I would say in general, our sales in the aftermarket, we've seen strength in aftermarket freight. We've seen some general strength in business jet. Our transport business is sort of on par, and some of our interiors, which tend to be a little more discretionary, lag. Does that answer your question?
David Strauss
Yeah, I guess on the more discretionary side of things, the interior side, maybe some of the passenger stuff, are you starting to see any pickup there at all, or is it mainly concentrated on the less discretionary engine side of things?
Kevin
I think it's more concentrated on the less discretionary, but we are seeing some uptick from some of our more discretionary businesses that have seen some need to refurbish planes around the world. You know, I think we've seen some orders and interest from unknown, you know, corners of the world. So, you know, it's the discretionary side is doing okay, but it is weaker than the other piece. I think that makes sense given that as airlines are recovering, they're more worried about putting people in the seats than some of the look and feel just yet. But we're starting to see that ever so slightly change.
David Strauss
Okay. And then following up on Rob's question, so from a cost reduction standpoint, I know you've highlighted the headcount reduction, but can you give us some, I guess, specific examples of what maybe you've done from more of the structural cost standpoint, any facilities that you've taken out during this or things that, you know, for sure aren't going to come back when we get to the other side?
Kevin
Yeah, we have fundamentally looked at some of our Our businesses, some of their locations, they have satellite facilities and offices that we have looked to close, consolidate, underperforming business segments for them. We've taken this opportunity to streamline, combine effectively to lower cost. There's also been a number of, of course, cost productivity programs, automation that we've been able to implement. This has been an ongoing effort. We've continued to invest at the same or an even accelerated rate in some of our facilities for automation and cost reductions during this time. So it continues to bear out for us.
David Strauss
All right. Thanks very much.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Carter Copeland. Your question, please.
Carter
Hey, good morning, guys.
Operator
Morning, morning.
Carter
Nick, I know you hate to guess, but I want to sort of put you on the spot and ask you. You've seen several cycles at this point and watched how M&A goes. And I know people don't want to sell assets at the bottom because the EBITDA is depressed. But now as we start thinking about recovery and when we get to a point where assets could trade on EBITDA numbers that feel a little bit firmer, would you – Would you guess that 2023 is one of those sort of, you know, recovered years where, you know, you begin to close, you know, the bid-ask spreads because people have a bit more conviction in the EBITDA, or is that still too early? Just, you know, some historical perspective applied. You know, what do you think?
Transdime
I would sure hope so, Carter. I would sure hope so. You know, I'd be surprised to see a lot of it in 2022. Just on the same, you know, maybe you get lucky and something comes along. But I'd say, again, probably if you don't have a reason to sell and you have a good commercial business, you're probably not. Now, you know, there could be things that are attractive enough and get close enough to the edge that we're willing to pay a little more to try and make them happen. But that's very – I just can't predict that right now. Yeah.
Carter
Okay. And then, uh, one for Kevin, just on the business front, how much of a lead, you know, is it too early to have conversations with OEM customers about, you know, potential production rate, you know, increases there, uh, you know, have you had any of those yet? You know, any color you can give us on, on that market?
Kevin
Well, I think we're starting to hear from Airbus of, uh, rate readiness, you know, notifications of ramp in narrow body rates seems to make sense. It seems like there'll be a hole in the market that they need to fill. We will be ready to fulfill that as it comes to pass. Makes sense that there'll be some of that need, though.
Carter
What about on the business jet side?
Kevin
Business jet's been really robust both in aftermarket OEM activity in general. I'm encouraged there, although we'll have to see how it plays out, that is it just leisure or is it business jet use, you know, what happens here. But right now it's been a brighter segment for us. Now, it's only 10% to 15% of our business, so it's not a massive driver on just the business jet side, but it's still interesting. Great. Thanks for the call, guys.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ken Herbert. Your question, please.
Ken Herbert
Yes, hi. Good morning.
Operator
Good morning.
Ken Herbert
Kevin, I first wanted to ask on your defense sales. You called out OEM revenue growth better than aftermarket. Can you parse those out, and can you comment specifically on the defense aftermarket, and are you maybe seeing any trends there that are at all worrisome?
Kevin
You know, we're not. I think we're really bullish about the order book on the defense side. We always see lumpiness, and I've talked about it in the past, APKWS parachute orders on lumpiness on OEM. Sometimes those orders ship. Sometimes the bookings are delayed. We've seen strength in aftermarket, recent bookings in aftermarket, defense aftermarket have been strong. So I'm not feeling like there's any weakness, any program concerns. As you know, the defense budgets are coming through right now, and I think Transdime is in a great position because we are on the capability extension, the technological advancement curve. We're not boots on the ground, so to speak. So it puts us in a good place for the market in the future, so both short-term and long-term. I'm reasonably optimistic about the defense budget and situation for us.
Ken Herbert
Okay, very helpful. And if I could, on the commercial aftermarket, you grew in your fiscal first quarter, you know, 5% sequentially, now 12% this quarter. Was any part of that step up attributable to, or can you comment on maybe average order sizes you're seeing, or maybe, you know, any urgency around the orders, expedited shipment costs, or benefits, or anything of that nature?
Kevin
You know, we don't offer volume discounts. So we're not, you know, in our aftermarket, we don't give you a better price if you buy 100 pieces versus one, generally speaking. So there's not the market drive to get ahead of anything. You know, what we're seeing is that this is not overly discretionary driven. It's a lot of consumable parts that they need. And there's some urgency coming out of it. We're starting to hear of some, you know, urgent need, urgent orders. I'll tell you that our POS with our distribution is running very similar to what we see. So all indicators are that the business is generally starting to recover. Like you said, 5% sequential in Q1, 12% now, and an order book that continues to expand.
Ken Herbert
Great. Thanks for the color.
Operator
Sure. Thank you. Our next question comes in the line of Hunter K. Your question, please.
Hunter K. Your
Thank you. Good morning, everybody. Good morning. Good morning. Do you have a preference of a greater mix of leased versus owned aircraft in the global fleet?
Kevin
I don't know that we do. Generally speaking, leased folks might historically have had more restrictions on PMA and other things. But generally speaking to us, it doesn't matter.
Hunter K. Your
Okay. And then we know that you're pretty well protected on the demand side from inflation and pricing passing through costs. You have a pretty clear track record of that. But what about the supply side of the house? Can you remind us how you're structured there with your suppliers and how you might protect against raw material increases? Thank you.
Kevin
Well, we won't be able to protect against raw material increases. We will have to pass them along through our indices and price increases that we have and the mechanisms. There is no way to protect yourself unless you're willing to buffer with huge amounts of inventory, which generally we don't like to do. We also don't see the need to go really long on some of these ingredients. We have a tendency to have a lot of specialty products that we source from our supply chains around our facilities. I don't see this as a huge issue of supply yet. It doesn't mean that it won't get to that point as people struggle with possibly relaboring their facilities, but right now we're not in any danger position on raw material supply or supplies in general.
Hunter K. Your
Okay. Thanks, Kevin.
Kevin
Sure.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Sheila Kailalu from – your question, please.
Sheila Kailalu
Thank you, guys. Good morning. Good morning, Sheila. Maybe on commercial OE, you know, you guys were down 50% in the quarter. I think your peers are trending down 40%. Any sort of puts and takes on where you guys are in rates on destocking or – When do you expect that business to start flatlining or just return to positive territory?
Kevin
You know, I assume we're making that, you know, we're crossing some threshold as we move through this now. You know, defense, or I'm sorry, commercial OEM bookings can be lumpy. We haven't lost any positions. They're simply working through inventory and the mix that they have today. I'm confident this will shake out in the coming months and quarter.
Sheila Kailalu
Okay, and then maybe on EBITDA margins, you know, you guys were at 43.2 for the first half. Your full year guidance is about 44, implies the second half is 45%, but you also have 100 to 150 basis points of dilution from Cobham. So what are some of the underlying assumptions, if you could give us some color there?
Kevin
Yeah, I guess the underlying assumption we have is that people will fly more in the second half. There will be more commercial aftermarket activity and a continued improvement. Not dramatic. We have said from the beginning we had a modest uptick in the second half that was in our thinking, and I still think that's where we're at. To get to the 44% with, as you pointed out, about a percentage point of headwind is – Yeah, that is going to be the feat that we have ourselves dialed in to achieve right now. I don't see, there's always headwinds to that continued cost reductions that we continue to look at, but I think we feel okay about that right now as our forward forecast.
Sheila Kailalu
Okay. Thanks, guys.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line. of Gotham Conner. Your question, please.
Gotham Conner
Yeah, thanks. Good morning, guys.
Transdime
Morning.
Gotham Conner
Why did I get your perspective on how things moved on the aftermarket sequentially within the quarter? So to be up nearly 30%, was the exit rate very, very short?
Kevin
We saw some real change in the last month, last six weeks of the quarter. Clearly the month of March was very different than January and February. And, you know, I think that's, you can see that in flight activity, in interest, in people traveling to websites. I mean, there's so many trackers that all of you out there follow that I religiously read every day. that show, you know, sometime in the March timeframe, there was an uptick in activity and that translated to an uptick in activity for us as well.
Gotham Conner
And would you say that's continued in April, that level of urgency?
Kevin
Well, I can't comment on April. I can't comment on April, whether that's continued, but the, I think the flight activity and interest as we have seen continues.
Gotham Conner
And is there any way to, to gauge whether the uptick in aftermarket activity is, is, as parked, is it for parked aircraft coming back into the active fleet and therefore it's sort of a, you know, an unnaturally high bump relative to what the underlying consumption might actually be. I'm just wondering if there's any way to parse all of the data you guys get to figure out like if this is a... I guess if I was slicing that, I would say that, uh,
Kevin
Yes, some of it must be for returning aircraft, although the park fleet has slowed as to what's coming back out of park until there's more revenue passenger miles flown. So I think they continue to pull out capacity. They then have to get it ready to fly. So there's a little bit of that. I don't say that there's a whole lot of it is getting planes ready. I think it's actual usage, having inventory staged where you'll need it. It's just the return of flight activity, and maybe there was some harvesting of available hours on different planes or shipsets that they needed to manage now. Now it's kind of you get into speculation.
Gotham Conner
Right. Last one for me. You mentioned the dividends and buyback hiatus, but On the M&A front, what is the pipeline like these days? Are there any actionable things? Is it a lull?
Nick
Yeah, I'd say it's actionable at the small, the medium-sized end of the range. It continues to wait. The opportunities we see continue to wait more towards defense. You know, to Nick's comments earlier, we'll see what comes. If there's a big, good commercial business that comes down the pike, we'd like to see that. But currently... active as we always are and waiting more towards defense.
Gotham Conner
Thank you very much, guys.
Operator
Sure. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Robert Stiller. Your question, please.
Robert Stiller
Thanks so much. Good morning. Good morning. Nick or Kevin, first one for you on the OEM bookings. I was wondering if you could give us any additional detail on what's in there. Is this coming soon? from narrow body? Is it coming from restock? Are we maybe seeing some offset from wide bodies? Just some color, if you could.
Kevin
Yeah, there's not a lot of color I can offer on that, except we're delivering on the order book of today, which is, as you know, is more slanted to narrow bodies right now. Yeah, I don't have a lot of insights there. as to whether one ship set is in a better inventory position or anything like that. I just don't have that color.
Robert Stiller
And if Airbus were to firm up this speculated rate of 53, when do you think you would get a sort of lead notice on that?
Kevin
Probably later in the fall if they were going to go for a 2022 rate change. It's usually six months or so ahead of time, I think.
Robert Stiller
Okay. And then just finally, to follow up on Gotham's question, if things were to improve in aerospace land in, say, the next 12 months or so, would you be willing to look at a scale acquisition like Estraline if something were to be there? Sure.
Transdime
I think it's awful hard to predict.
Kevin
Yeah. I mean, we'd consider looking at it.
Nick
Yeah, of course. I mean, we have the capital to deploy, and we'd like to be out there putting it to – putting it to work, but, you know, we can't make those things happen, so we remain at the ready to take advantage of it if the opportunity happens.
Robert Stiller
That makes sense. Thanks so much.
Nick
Sure.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Christine Lewak. Your question, please.
Christine Lewak
Hey, good morning, guys.
Operator
Good morning.
Christine Lewak
Mike, earlier you mentioned that the IG audit is similar to previous audits. I want to clarify, is that on the audit process, or does that also include the size and scope of what they're looking at?
Nick
Both, the process and then also the scope in terms of auditing and reviewing profitability on a set number of contracts. That's what we saw on the 2006 audit. It's also what we saw on the audit that generated the 2019 report, and it's what we're seeing now as well.
Christine Lewak
Great. And a follow-up to that would be, how do you guys think about the underlying businesses that are driving these audits? At some point, I mean, it could be pretty distracting or with the time that you spent in 2019. Do you view these businesses as core, or would you consider exiting them just to keep the distraction at a minimum from the rest of the business?
Kevin
I'll take this one, and Nick, you can jump in. I think These are still great businesses, core businesses. This is part of the process of doing work with the government. You have to go through this process. The U.S. is a military DOD, fantastic customer. We understand that they are trying to get the best deal for their constituents as well. So it's a natural part of the process. I don't think We are afraid of it. We've spent more time integrating into it. We now have regular reviews and meetings with the DOD, the DLA. We're very connected and it's very different today than five, ten years ago in terms of our connection. So if your question is will we eventually want to get rid of these businesses because of the nuisance of military, I don't see that happening yet at all. These are still great businesses, core to us. These are products developed in a commercial environment. These are fantastic products and businesses for us.
Transdime
I mean, all I'd add is they're, to your point on the commercial environment, they're very frequently intertwined in very similar products. It's not that they're severable from Yeah, they're very close to the same product in many situations, if not the exact same product.
Kevin
And we have very few businesses that are just 100% military, and we've been talking about some of those and offloading some of those from the Estraline side of the house. So we continue to look at this and work on it.
Christine Lewak
Great. Thank you, guys.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes to the line. Your question, please.
Kevin
Thanks very much, and good morning, everyone. Good morning. I think you mentioned some more M&A opportunity on the defense side, which makes sense given the environment. Do you have any hesitancy about that, just given where the mix is for the company right now? Is there a certain point beyond which you would not want to see the revenue mix tilt toward defense?
Nick
Yeah. Historically, we've always had, as Kevin mentioned in his comments, a defense mix in a non-COVID environment that's 35% of revenue or slightly less. I think we see ourselves kind of staying in that ballpark. With some of the divestitures that happened out of the Esterline portfolio, as well as some of the ones that could be coming in near-term months, you know, we actually wait down on the defense side a little bit when you run rate for a – for an environment that's not impacted by COVID. So we're looking at defense opportunities, and when we look on the M&A side for companies, we look for products that hit our criteria, not so much narrowing in on a specific end market and just looking at commercial and not focusing on defense. We look at the defense stuff that's out there now and size up the products to see if it fits our criteria, and we're active, as we mentioned. So it shouldn't keep us out of that market and looking at opportunities in the future.
Kevin
Okay, thanks. And then I think you mentioned, Kevin, on the last call that, you know, most of the cost-out actions you kind of completed for the year, and there was still some COVID restructuring during the quarter, I think, you know, fairly similar to the level in Q1. Were there new sort of cost-out opportunities that came up during the quarter? And I guess, how do you see that kind of playing out.
Kevin
I guess it's two. There's some new things and then that's continuation and paying for the actions that we already started.
Nick
The majority of the COVID actions have now been completed in Q1 and Q2. You'll see a little bit in Q3 and Q4, but at a far diminished rate versus what you've seen these past two quarters.
Kevin
Okay. We're never done looking at our cost position, right? So, you know, you shouldn't ever anticipate things completely cease there.
Kevin
Yep, that makes sense. And then just to put a fine point on Christine's last question with the DOD audit, the extent that you see the scope and kind of the scale of the audit being similar to prior ones, I mean, you expect a similar result as well?
Nick
You know, it's hard to say or forecast any kind of result. We don't have good insight into that. To us, it seems, just based on the activities we're doing and the dialogue and discussions we're having, it seems a lot like those prior audits. But to make a claim on what the outcome might be, that's not under our control, so I don't want to speculate.
Kevin
But, you know, we take this seriously. We're very engaged. We're working closely with the IG on the audits. We meet with them regularly. this has, yeah, it's been something that we've continued to work, much like in the past. So, yeah, the conclusions are similar. Great.
Kevin
Okay. Thanks very much.
Operator
Thank you. Our next question comes in the line. Peter, your question, please.
Peter
Yes. Good morning, Nick, Kevin, Mike. Hey, Kevin, it's been coming up on a lot of calls about supply chain shortages, and maybe you could just give us a little color of what you're seeing on on your end on the supply chain side?
Kevin
You know, we are hearing of some critical raw materials, some critical materials, some materials that have gone up dramatically in price. So far, we haven't seen any dramatic supply disruptions because of the supply chain being stressed We have seen prices go up in some spot market buys on certain metals and other components, but as a whole, we're able to pass along inflationary costs, surge pricing, expedite pricing. The one area that we're looking very closely at, of course, is electronic components. We do consume those in a number of our businesses, whether they're chips, resistors, FETs, and the like, and making sure that we have the supply of those that we need. That continues to be a focus. Again, we make a lot of what we need and consume, so we are not overly exposed, but it's something that we have to continue to watch closely.
Peter
I'll leave it at one. Thanks for the call, Eric. Sure.
Operator
Sure. Thank you. Our next question comes in line. Michael Charmali, your question, please.
Michael Charmali
Hey, good morning, guys. Thanks for taking the question here. Maybe, Nick or Kevin, just to go back to the aftermarket bookings, can you provide a little bit more color from what you're seeing in terms of geography? I'm assuming the platforms are narrow body driven, but even what are you seeing from distributors? Are they starting to pull more Was there anything for provisioning for the max in the quarter and, you know, pricing? You know, if we look sequentially from last quarter, are you getting any pricing in there in those bookings numbers?
Kevin
So we are always, you know, on regular intervals looking at, you know, pricing our business and putting, passing along inflationary and expedited increases. As far as the CAM bookings are, you know, any color on geography. We don't track our business that way per se. Many of our customers are global, so I don't have geographic information. My expectations are that certainly what I'm seeing, what we're seeing in the U.S. is driving business, but also China, the domestic flight surge there. We anticipate that we see that activity, but we don't see any concrete geographies in our results.
Michael Charmali
Got it. And then just from an organic aftermarket revenue standpoint, do we need to see traffic to get back to pre-pandemic levels for you guys to get back to that pre-pandemic quarterly revenue run rate?
Nick
I think not. Well, we track and kind of follow the takeoffs and landings. So I think in time, as the takeoffs and landings jump back up to where they used to be, we expect our aftermarket to do the same.
Kevin
Yeah, I think because the price that we've been able to drive, I think the new products, programs, and the like, I think we'll be in a better position when the volume returns. But we'll have to see how that unpacks.
Michael Charmali
Got it.
Operator
Thanks a lot, guys. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Robert Epstein. Your question, please.
Robert Epstein
Yeah, hey, good morning. Morning, Ron. Parsing out one of the end markets, freight is doing quite well. You guys mentioned that, and we've seen that in the numbers. Are there any organic or inorganic opportunities that are more focused on freight that you guys are considering?
Kevin
Yeah, we're always considering opportunities. You know, we look at the passenger to freighter conversion business. You know, we're looking at a number of opportunities there. I don't know on the inorganic side that I can comment there. But on the organic side, we're constantly looking at new product innovations to better service that market because it seems like one that is evolving very quickly, and there's a lot of players, a lot of interested parties.
Robert Epstein
Got it. Got it. And then kind of following back up on M&A, would you guys be willing to do anything outside of A&D if it fit the criteria that you guys like? You know, sole source, proprietary IP, that kind of thing, highly engineered, Would you be willing to look at something in an adjacency, or does it have to be in A&D?
Transdime
I can try this. I would say, you know, you never say never, but we would be – it would be a significant hurdle for us to get over. I mean, we have a very strong preference to stick to our nitin.
spk11
There's still a lot of opportunities in aerospace.
Transdime
I think that's the best way I'd answer it. It would be a very high hurdle. But, you know, you never say never.
Robert Epstein
Got it. Yep, fair enough. Thank you.
Operator
Sure. Thank you. This does conclude the question and answer session of today's program. I'd like to hand the program back to Jamie Steinman for any further remarks.
Jimmy Steinman
Thank you all for joining us today. This concludes today's call. We appreciate your time, and thanks again for joining. Have a good day.
Operator
Thanks. Thank you, ladies and gentlemen, for your participation in today's conference. This does include the program. You may now disconnect. Good day.
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