Bluescope Steel Ltd

Good morning and welcome to Bluescope's first half FY25 financial results presentation. I'm Mark Vassella and I'm joined this morning by David Fallew, our Chief Financial Officer. David and I will take you through the results materials, after which we'll have time for Q&A. We're joining you today from Bluescope's head office in Melbourne, part of the Eastern Kulin Nation. I'd like to acknowledge the traditional custodians of this land, the Wurundjeri peoples. We pay our respects to elders, past, present and emerging, and all First Nations people joining us today. Now to the highlights. Despite the challenging macroeconomic environment and bottom of the cycle conditions in the first half of FY25, Bluescape remained profitable, demonstrating our business model's resilience. The business produced an underlying EBIT of $309 million, and a return on invested capital of 8.1% against these challenging macro conditions. During the half, we delivered $162 million in shareholder returns and finished with an $88 million net cash balance sheet. Critically, we're ensuring we're balancing near-term performance with longer-term growth. I'll touch on this in more detail shortly, but in short, We're well underway on our $200 million cost and productivity program and are actively identifying additional opportunities to bolster performance. And we have an exciting pipeline of growth opportunities that we're working through. Together, this will deliver a target $500 million in incremental annual EBIT by 2030. We're also maximising cash generation through a re-sequencing of capital expenditure and a refocus on working capital. An example of this is the work we're doing to expedite the realisation of cash from our land portfolio in West Apto and the work underway to position the balance of our adjacent land holdings. But first, to start with safety. Over the last six months, the team has done a fantastic job in responding to the call to action we made in our global refocus on safety program. As I noted at our FY24 results and on our ESG webinar last September, this program is designed to leverage our culture of learning and our people-centered approach, whilst refocusing on the basics of our foundational safety practices. Across the business, I've been pleased to hear of the work being done to recommit to our safety basics, seeing our leaders on the shop floor supporting their teams, and the business and site-specific approaches to operationalising this refocus. On the lead indicators, we've identified nearly 200 risk control projects for the year and continue to build capability through training and development. The lag indicators tell a bit of a mixed story. TRIFA has reduced to 8.0, but remains above our long-term range. And the potential severity measure has increased slightly. This refocus and our work to improve our safety performance more broadly is an ongoing program, and we'll continue our efforts into the second half of FY25 and beyond. To our financial headlines, as I noted earlier, first half FY25 EBIT of $309 million represents a solid result in the context of the external macro conditions and is at the top end of the guidance range we provided in October. This was impacted by continued bottom-of-the-cycle Asian steel spreads and materially weaker benchmark spreads in North America, a challenging operating environment with continued cost inflation pressures, and a significantly lower performance in New Zealand, which is facing very tough macro conditions. In August, the Board announced its intention to increase the annual ordinary dividend level to a target $0.60 per share per annum. Accordingly, the Board has approved a fully franked interim dividend for the first half of FY25 of $0.30 per share and has extended the tenor of the existing buyback program. Our continued success, including today's result, would not be possible without the ongoing hard work and capability of the entire BlueScope team, who I again thank for their dedication and support. David will take you through the individual performance in detail shortly. We're continuing our important work across our broader key material sustainability topics. Our commitment to climate action remains at the forefront of our approach. And in the half, we continue to advance our climate strategy. We released our second climate action report in September 24, which enhanced our disclosures and has been well received by our broad stakeholder group. We've continued to progress the collaboration with Rio Tinto and BHP, selecting Kwinana near Perth as the location for the ESF pilot plant and welcoming Woodside Energy into the partnership. And we continued our work on a range of projects across the business, such as the electric arc furnace project in Glenbrook, New Zealand, and our Australian DRI options study. Representation of women at Bluescope held stable at 25% during the half, and the company continued its efforts in strengthening its supply chain oversight. Now turning to the group outlook. Underlying EBIT in the second half of FY25 is expected to be in the range of $360 to $430 million. This improvement on the first half of FY25 is being driven by improved spreads in the US, stronger domestic volumes in Australia, and benefits from the group-wide cost and productivity program. The assumptions we've used are set out on this page. Before David takes you through the results in detail, I wanted to step back for a few minutes and talk about how we're positioning BlueScope for near-term success and how our initiatives and our investments are going to deliver growth through to 2030. Our strategy to transform, grow and deliver alongside our financial framework continue to drive our decision making in pursuit of our purpose. Across the group, our people work hard every day to execute on this strategy, which has built our resilience and earnings power over the last decade. As a result, we expect this work to deliver earnings growth in excess of $700 million over the next five years. We've commenced work on our $200 million cost and productivity improvement program to be delivered over FY26, and we're now reviewing opportunities for further improvements. Whilst balancing the need for near-term productivity benefits, in the medium term, we're working on a range of initiatives and investments to deliver a targeted $500 million of additional earnings contribution by 2030. And this is net of the upside we see from our 1200 hectare portfolio of surplus and adjacent land holdings, which we're positioning for strategic value realisation, including the near-term opportunity at West Apto. In addition, we can see meaningful upside in our earnings from an improvement in spreads from their current cyclically and historically low levels. And including a reversion of FX, This benefit could be in the range of $500 million to $1 billion. Starting with the near term, in October, we communicated a target of $200 million of cost and productivity improvements. Since then, a lot of work has been done by the team to identify a range of initiatives which are expected to be delivered for FY26. Split evenly across North America and Australia and the rest of our portfolio, Value is being unlocked through operational and overhead efficiencies, manufacturing productivity, and through the better use of raw materials. We're also reviewing further cost and productivity initiatives over and above the $200 million target. And on the cash front, we're targeting a reduction in working capital of $200 to $300 million over the next 18 months to be delivered across our businesses. Looking further ahead to 2030, BlueScope has a range of initiatives and investments underway to drive sustainable earnings and growth. Now, while we've shared these initiatives underpinning our growth ambitions with you for some time, today we're providing more insight into the earnings contribution we expect over the next five years. North America is a clear driver of growth, but I note that all regions have material contribution to our growth ambitions. And what's most exciting to me is that these initiatives and investments are underway and are all within our core business and capability set. Diving into this vision some more, in North America, we're targeting an annual EBIT improvement of over $200 million. This growth comes from a range of projects across our footprint, including the de-bottlenecking project at North Star to grow to 3.3 million tonnes per annum, the turnaround of BCP's business to increase utilisation, the development and rollout of our branded and packaged painted product offering, noting that we've decided to defer the coal rolling and metal coating capacity pending successful painted volume ramp-up, and work in the buildings business to drive growth through new products and target segments. As an example of the action we've taken to facilitate this growth, we've moved to a majority ownership of SteelScape and ASC to better support a coordinated national approach to our coated and painted strategy. In Australia, we're working to ensure the growth in domestic and value-added products that we've achieved over the last decade continues into the future, and we're targeting an annual EBIT improvement of over $100 million. Whilst Calabond and Trucore have seen solid growth in demand, we believe there's still a long way for these products to go, supported by a robust outlook for residential construction, favourable demand trends, expansion into other parts of the build envelope, such as cladding, and our ongoing sales efforts. MCL7, our new metal coating line that's due to come online in 2026, will support this growth and underpins a large portion of our target EBIT uplift. We're also working to displace imports with our enhanced product offering and capabilities with a new pipe and tube mill and the upgraded plate mill, focusing on the industrial, defence and manufacturing segments. Asia and New Zealand are each targeting an additional $75 million of EBIT. Growth in Asian earnings are targeted across the region, largely from volume growth in Malaysia, Indonesia, Vietnam and China. Similarly, with upside from the supply agreement with Tata Steel, we also expect to increase sales in the large and rapidly growing India market. In New Zealand, much like Australia, increased sales of the flagship painted product, Color Steel, on demand trends and customer-facing initiatives will drive growth and be supported by capital-efficient paint line upgrades. The business is also expecting growth in broader domestic volumes, with recovery from the current challenging macro conditions. And the new EAF business model presents opportunities for the team to rethink their broader approach to manufacturing, which is expected to also deliver value. In addition to these initiatives and investments, we're also working hard on the opportunity that the land portfolio presents us. In the near term, the West DAPDO surplus land provides some exciting upsides. There's currently 33 hectares at West Apto that is zoned residential and is ready for a sale process. And we're looking to release cash from this in the coming financial year. We also have a range of industrial zoned land on the site that has great value potential given its advantaged infrastructure. And we'll be reviewing near-term sales opportunities. And we've accelerated our work on positioning the land holdings that are adjacent to our operating sites for strategic value realisation. Our new head of property development has had his feet under the table for just over a month now and has made some solid progress in shaping our approach and thinking. An area of great excitement is the potential these sites have for data centres, energy storage and automated logistics, given they're all located with compelling port, rail and electricity interconnector access. These types of uses typically attract values much higher than general industrial land. and we're looking at how we can accelerate the realisation of this value. This remains an extremely exciting program of work and we'll keep you updated as we progress. Turning to the macroeconomic conditions, in FY25, we're seeing weak steel spreads in both Asia and the US. While they seem to have found a floor at these levels, there's clear scope and need for a return to more normal or mid-cycle levels. This presents significant upside to BlueScope's current earnings, even allowing for the cyclically stronger US dollar and the weaker A dollar seen in FY25. BlueScope is well positioned for the slated US tariffs, with our three plus million tonnes per year at Northstar meeting all the requirements as melted and poured in the US. And as such, the beneficiary of the potential still price support these tariffs will provide. I do note that we export roughly 200,000 to 300,000 tonnes per annum to North America, predominantly from Australia, as feed for our Steelscape business on the West Coast, where we transform the product into value-added material. Now, it's unclear as to the broader impact of any potential tariffs on these exports, as we expect the Steelscape margins will be supported by higher selling prices, and we continue to seek an understanding of whether the exemption Australia received from the Section 232 tariffs will be extended. Now, of course, still spreads are beyond our control. And as such, our focus is on the levers of the value that we do have control of, such as cost and productivity program and our growth investments. So I hope that gives you a better sense of the significant opportunity for earnings growth that we see for our business over the coming five years through our approach to managing cost, driving growth and from improved market conditions. I'll now hand you over to David, who will take you through the first half FY25 result in more detail.

Thanks, Mark, and good morning, everyone. Let's turn to the results across our region, starting with Australia on slide 21. The Australian business delivered an underlying EBIT of $131 million in the first half of 25 and a return on invested capital of 6.4%. Domestic dispatches were stronger compared to second half 24, particularly driven by the residential construction segments. This saw Calabon steel sales increased by 9% compared to second half 24. Spread performance was stronger in the half, albeit at long-term lows, supported by lower raw material costs, offsetting softer pricing. Contribution from export coke sales was lower compared to second half 24. Looking at the specific end use segments for ASP on slide 22, across the board we saw stronger dispatches in the first half of 25 relative to the prior half. The higher result was driven largely by the residential sector, which was supported by a robust ANA sub-segment. The non-residential construction and manufacturing sectors also contributed to the stronger result in the half. We remain confident in fundamentals supporting the medium-term outlook, with ongoing shortage of housing stock combined with strong population growth. ASP business conditions in the first half of 25 continues to highlight the importance of a lean steel making cost base and a focus on our growth in domestic value added products. The business continues to focus on our Australian steel making cost base with a necessary ambition for it to be cash break even, including sustaining CapEx at the bottom of the cycle. In an Australian manufacturing environment of high and increasing electricity, gas and labour costs, this challenge requires ongoing optimisation of our cost base each and every year. The shift of volumes up the margin curve towards value-added products shown in slide 23 is an ongoing focus and supports through the cycle margins. With these dual priorities, we continue to position ASP in the upper band of the chart on the right-hand side of the slide, providing us the confidence to invest through the cycle within the ASP business and informs the rationale for replicating this model in the more favoured US markets. Turning to the US, our North American business saw a softer result in the first half of 25 with an underlying EBIT of $182 million and a return on invested capital of 12.3%. The softer result this half was seen across all our North American businesses with weaker spreads and margins. At Northstar, we saw materially weaker spreads, however, improved cost performance and higher volumes supported the result. Within building and coded products North America, margin normalisation, as well as lower volumes, were partly offset by lower costs. BlueScope Properties Group completed two projects in the half, down from three projects in the second half of 24. Blue scope coated products continue to underperform its targets this half, making a loss due to lower sales volumes. Turnaround efforts for this business are well established, with confidence in the positioning of the light gauge portfolio. The medium to longer term opportunity here remains attractive, and we're continuing to progress initiatives such as the Colourbond offering rollout, particularly where they have the potential to provide volume support. Looking at activity levels across our North American end use segments on slide 25, activities across key steel consuming sectors remain solid. Non-residential construction activity remains at historically high levels with lead indicators showing resilience. Auto demand remains robust, benefiting from lower interest rates and the consumer preference shift to more steel intensive vehicles continuing. and manufacturing activity is gaining momentum. At an overall market level, we saw rising uncertainty as the US election unfolded, but we continue to expect fundamental activity levels to be supportive as fiscal support remains in place and certainty from a policy and trade perspective is playing out. Stepping into the North Star performance, we want to share with you some more context on the cost drivers that we've seen in North America over the last five years. Over this time, the US steel industry has seen industry production costs increase on macroeconomic and inflationary pressures, primarily in non-benchmark raw materials, including alloys, additives and fluxes. actual versus benchmark obsolete scrap pricing and inbound freight on raw materials. Over the same period, benchmark steel spreads have structurally increased to compensate for these increased costs as mills seek to maintain profitability, with benchmark spreads now averaging just under $100 a tonne higher than pre-COVID levels. Despite these industry cost pressures, Northstar remains a leading margin producer with performance supported by location and consistent full utilisation, as you can see on the chart on the right. Turning to Asia, our business there saw a broadly similar result to the second half of 24, delivering underlying EBIT of $69 million and a return on invested capital of 13.6% in the first half of 25. Another solid performance out of Southeast Asia was seen in the half, led by a strong performance in Thailand. Improved earnings were also seen in Vietnam and Indonesia in the half. China delivered a stronger first half 25 result given seasonality, although a softer result on first half 24, reflecting persistent weakness in the Chinese economy. India continues its breakeven performance as the business integrates growing volumes of coated and painted product under the supply agreement with Tata. The New Zealand and Pacific Islands business delivered a near breakeven result in the first half of 25, with an underlying EBIT of $3 million and a return on invested capital of 2.4%. A significantly softer performance in the first half reflected the ongoing macroeconomic challenges in New Zealand. Lower levels of construction activity, as well as softer realised spread and elevated conversion costs, are all weighing on performance. However, the imminent commissioning of the EAF With competitive renewable electricity supply and the benefit of its cost and productivity initiatives, we're confident that we have a solid business that can withstand the current external challenge and is well positioned to benefit from the improvement in economic and market activity in the region. Turning to the group underlying EBIT movements on slide 29. The first half to first half movement shows the volatility seen in both steel pricing and raw materials, which contributed to a step down in performance. Also shown is the impact of cost escalation, which offset the cost improvement initiatives in the half. The first half to second half walk forward shows a similar story, albeit with more volatility on the price and raw materials front. Looking now at the outlook for the second half of 25 across the regions. In North America, we expect a result around one third higher than the first half, supported by an expected result at North Star that is more than double the first half and a slightly lower performance across the building and coded product segment. In Australia, higher domestic volumes and better performance on cost are expected to offset a slightly softer spread to deliver a result that is moderately stronger than the first half of 25. Asia is expected to deliver a slightly lower result than the first half, largely on seasonality in China. New Zealand is expected to see a modest improvement on the first half, supported by the benefits of their cost and productivity program. And the corporate and group line is expected to be similar to the first half. Turning now to the financial framework and key financial indicators and settings. The financial framework is integral to how we manage the BlueScope business through the cycle. You'll all be familiar with this guiding document, which provides enduring confidence in BlueScope's ability to not only weather industry and macroeconomic cycles, but also capitalise them for long-term quality earnings and growth. The group delivered a return on invested capital of 8.1% in the year to 31 December, with robust contributions from North America and Asia. Our ROIC was delivered on an increased invested capital base as we invest to sustain and grow the business for the long term, which Mark spoke to earlier today. Cash generation before CapEx remained robust despite slight work in capital bills, supporting our capital investment program on growth and sustaining projects. Turning to our capital structure, maintenance of a strong balance sheet and associated metrics enables us to invest in our business during challenging macroeconomic conditions, with $88 million in net cash at bank at 31 December. We retain ample financial liquidity of almost $3 billion, supported by our investment-grade credit ratings from both Moody's and S&P. On capital expenditure, In the first half of 25, we continued to progress a range of foundation and growth initiatives, including the MCL7 coating line project, the New Zealand EAF project, and the blast furnace reline project. In the second half of 25, we're expecting a step up in growth spend, most notably in the blast furnace reline, with a similar spend on the range of projects in the first half of 26. More information on the capital spend profile for these projects is included in the analyst support materials available on our website. Turning to shareholder returns, as Mark mentioned at the outset of the call, the boards increased the annual ordinary dividend level to a target 60 cent per share per annum range in August, which reflected the increase in scale and resilience of the BlueScope portfolio, as well as our reduced share count. Aligned to this target, the Board has approved the payment of a fully franked interim dividend of 30 cents per share. The buyback remains an important component of our capital management strategy, with over 150 million shares bought back and cancelled since 2017. Today, the Board has approved an extension of the buyback program to allow it to be used over the next 12 months. Noting as usual, any buyback activity will consider prevailing economic conditions and other factors as part of its execution. With that, I'll hand it back to Mark and we'll be here for Q&A at the end. Thank you.

Thanks, David. Before we take your questions, I'd like to re-emphasise the true value in the BlueScope business. Over its extended history, BlueScope has built something special. a steel producer that stands apart from others, owing to five key factors. First is our strategic asset base. In the US, we operate what is considered the best EAF facility in the industry. Combine that with our extensive manufacturing network across Australasia, and we have a truly unique platform. But hardware is only part of the story. We're a global leader in metal coating and painting, with a portfolio of iconic brands... that don't just give us wide recognition, but also drives margin enhancement. This growing premium positioning has been a key to our success. We maintain a robust balance sheet and follow a disciplined financial framework that's served us well. Our assets, brands and in-country, for-country strategy underpin the resilience of our business model. The numbers tell the story. Since 2017, we've returned over $3.5 billion to shareholders through dividends and buybacks, whilst investing $3 billion back into the business for growth. That's a balanced capital allocation. But here's what gets me most excited, our growth pipeline. We have concrete initiatives and investments well underway that are focused on strengthening and growing our core business. We're targeting an annual EBIT uplift of around $500 million by 2030. And that's not a pie in the sky number. It's based on the specific projects and opportunities we've identified and have been talking to you about for some time. In the steel industry, you need three things to win. Strategic assets, operational excellence and financial discipline. We've proven we have all three. And we're not just talking about potential. We're delivering results today while building for tomorrow. So thanks for your time this morning. And with that, I'll turn it over to Q&A.

Thank you. If you wish to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. If you wish to cancel your request, please press star two. If you're on a speakerphone, please pick up the handset to ask your question. Your first question comes from Peter Stain from Macquarie. Please go ahead.

Morning, Mark and David. Thanks very much for your time and congrats on a lot of good detail in your package. I particularly want to focus on your FY30 numbers. If I'm correct, that sort of tallies to a number of somewhere between 1.6 and 2.1 billion, depending on the adventure you tune FX. Maybe you can just confirm that that's mentally the correct arithmetic. And then could I ask a detailed question around the costs and particularly the efficiency gains? You've mentioned the 26. You want to achieve that. Where is that run rate today? And is that then full $200 million in FY26 from an efficiency point of view?

Yeah. Thanks, Pete. And good morning. And thanks for the question. Yeah. So, look, the math's right. I mean, we've laid out the detail. I mean, perhaps what I would say right from the get-go is there's nothing really that's particularly new in our presentation. I'm what we tried to do is just is call it out a little more clearly. And we put some timeframe around it and some run rate, but you know, we've been talking to you guys for some time now about the initiatives and the investments that we're making. So there's nothing new from that perspective. Of course, the assumption around what happens to the market, who knows we put into our pack, what our assumption is. And all we know is that we'll be wrong, but you guys can use whatever numbers you choose to. So, You're right, the math is articulated there on slide 11 in terms of what the uptick is. The cost out and productivity stuff, mate, I mean, what I'd say to you is, and we said this at the last half, you know, this organisation has a really strong history of being able to respond to these sorts of issues. We came through the crazy COVID period. I wouldn't say we took our eye off the ball. It just was very congested, very complicated, very constrained. And what the post-COVID period has allowed us to do is to step back and rethink and cut the cloth to suit. So a power of work being done across the businesses, all of the businesses, which is most pleasing. And what we're targeting is that $200 million is at full run rate by the end of FY26. So That's the assumption we're making. That's what's built into the forecasts.

Thanks, Mark. And then if I may just extend that on the CapEx front for that growth, looks like you're sort of talking about $1.3 billion. Again, it's stuff we all know about after the deferral of the midstream investments. So, you know, very clearly a very strong return on invested capital impact there. Could you give us a sense of how you're thinking about the midstream investments in the U.S., given the policy environment that's evolving so fast? Under what conditions does that come back? And would that factor in FY30 potentially as an uplift at some point in the future?

Sure, sure. I think we've got about 1.5 or 1.6 remaining, that number. So you're basically bang on that number. The way we're thinking about the midstream, Pete, is we want to build that downstream volume, support that investment. We're thinking about other ways to do that. We're thinking about material, building the tolling volume in the business. We're thinking about using... not necessarily the proprietary AM substrate to build capacity, and at the right time we'll make that investment. I mean, the other thing I would say to you is there's a lot going on in North America right now. There's lots of balls in the air. And we've said this to you before. I want to keep as much optionality as I can before we make a commitment around an investment of that scale. So some of this is just us making sure that we're in the best position We have all the information we need. We've exhausted all the options before we make a decision on investing in that sort of capacity. So that's not a definitive answer, but I think you can probably take from that how we're thinking about it. We're very careful about how we invest our money, and we just want to make sure that we've got all the information we can before we make that commitment. But in terms of the longer-term strategy around that coded and painted space, I mean, obscured in that detail, I think a really important point with us being able to deal with the coated and painted market nationally now in the US, given the change on the West Coast with the joint venture. So that's another plank in the strategy around building capacity in that coated and painted space or the downstream markets in North America.

Thanks, Mark. Really appreciate that. Sound and logical as always. Thanks, Pete.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Lee Power from UBS. Please go ahead.

Hi, Mark. Hi, David. Just following on from Pete's question around the 2030 growth target. So as you mentioned, CapEx associated with that's largely unchanged. The bulk of that is complete in FY27. So it's obviously well ahead of the 2030 target. Any colour on how you think we should bridge to the 500 million EBIT

target given that that backdrop with um the bulk of the capex kind of almost done um in the next 12 months yeah i know there's some complexity there mate obviously in terms of the timing uh you're right in terms of the timing of the completion and how we're thinking about it it's going to be dependent on the market uh how we got how we're growing share in north america the continued growth of share of color bond and and true core in australia so there's there's lots of moving parts in that so we haven't obviously gone to the specifics of laying out a you know, a timeframe in great detail for you. But we're well into those investments now. I'm really pleased with the way our teams are managing the capital investments under significant pressure still in the markets. We've had no nasty surprises from a capital perspective. So we're well down the track on MCL7, well down the track on the blast furnace, underway on the plate mill, completed the pipe and tube mill, starting the process. I was in North America just a week ago, starting the process at North Star. So I'm really quite confident in the investments that we're making. And, you know, some of it will be dependent on some of the external factors like the market. So I haven't given you the specific details, but, you know, as we go, it'll become clearer. We'll be able to give you more information. But your macro assumption around where the CapEx is at and when we'll have that completed... uh, is, uh, is accurate.

Yeah. I appreciate what you have given us. It's been, um, been good. And then a second question. I mean, I, I feel for you having to put assumptions out there around spreads, um, given there's obviously a lot of moving data, particularly in the U S where we're, we're tracking well ahead of the three 40 that you talk to. Um, I see the sensitivities around North star, a kind of unchanged, but I, Oh, sorry. The slightly lifted, which makes sense. Um, I'd just be keen on any colour around like price realisation or channel inventories. Like it's, you know, obviously tariffs are important, but it'd just be interesting. Is there any other reason of what you're seeing on the ground as to why we shouldn't be kind of still just looking at that spread data as it moves and thinking that that's pretty sensible for tracking your earnings in the near term?

Yeah, I mean, you can only use what you've got, right? I mean, we watch what's happening with inventory levels in the service centres. We watch the key macro indicators for us in the segments that we're exposed to. We share that with you, the buildings, the auto, the industrial and commercial. I mean, I would say, having been there just a week or so ago, the first thing I'd say is the place is in complete turmoil. The new administration has certainly turned Washington DC on its ear, if nothing else. So I think that's just going to take a little bit of time to settle down, Lee. But if you look at the underlying demand that we see across the country, if you think about the potential for reinvestment and the confidence that will come from some of the policies that the new administration is putting in place, I still think we're really well positioned for that. So, again, timing by half is difficult for us to forecast, but I'm still confident that the US is the best steel market in the world to be invested in. and I would think that the outlook for that is quite positive. I mean, we're clear in terms... You're right. All we can really do is we give you an idea of... Well, we give you our assumption on spreads, as I said at the start. All we know is that we'll be wrong, but we give you our assumption, and then you guys can look at that from your own perspective. But I'm still really confident in the underlying position in North America and our position within that market.

Yep. No, I appreciate that. It's nice to wake you up and seeing the price going up, not down. Thank you. Yeah, correct. Thank you. Thanks.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Ramon Lazar from Jefferies. Please go ahead.

Good morning, Mark. Good morning, David.

G'day.

Welcome. Just a couple of questions for me. Just your comments around the higher domestic volumes at ASP in the second half, sounds like you've probably seen the low for resi demand. Is that the way I should be reading that?

I reckon that's our call, Ramon. We think we're kind of at the bottom. Team are doing a spectacular job with Colobon. We're still growing share, which is great. So I think we're at the bottom of that cycle. And, you know, depending what happens, I haven't seen a flash yet. I think it's too early for the RBA. But depending what happens with interest rates, we'll, you know, potentially see some, Some favourable macro to support us bouncing off the bottom. Still really strong in ANA. That pre- and post-COVID lift in ANA has been maintained. And I think that goes to some of the issues around housing affordability. For example, people are renovating and extending rather than building new homes. So, you know, as we've talked about in the past, I think the ASP team have positioned Colourbond... beautifully to take advantage of the growth and the, and the current trends around building. And I suspect we are at the bottom of the cycle as you call out.

Yeah. Okay. Great. And Mark, just just on, on North America, I mean, the, the, the downstream businesses there look like, you know, weaker kind of guidance relative to expectations. I mean, you've called out the, the, the coded business just, just on the steel scape and the, the other sort of coded products business, just wondering the lags in passing on sort of higher price increases, is that, high price changes, sorry, is that what's driving some of the margin weakness in those downstream businesses and should we expect that to reverse maybe from the first half 26 if the current pricing environment holds?

Yeah, so we have a more extended supply chain than we would typically have at Steelscape, it being largely an importer of product into its market. And then in our buildings business, as you know, we tend to have projects there that are booked well in advance of when the product starts by the time we get the engineering done and the like. So what we've seen post-COVID, again, it seems a long time ago, but what we've seen post those Very high steel prices has been in a margins improve on the downside. But, of course, you get some of that the other way when prices are increasing. What the team have done, I would say, in North America is they've worked on a model where there's less of a lag, particularly in the buildings business. In that space, before we kind of got caught out with the movements in steel prices... In that business, it was often... It could have been up to 12 months, quite frankly, as a gap between when you get a project and when you start construction. So there's been some more tools put in place to ensure that we've got better control of the margin management in that business.

OK, great. And just one more for me. Just on the Dapto Resi development there, I mean, how should we think about the costs of getting those sites ready to bring to market?

Look, I... We obviously... we'll call that out when we get to that point. I, you know, we've got Michael, uh, who's just started with us. I think I said, uh, a couple of minutes ago, he's, he's only been with us a month. He's on it now. Uh, it's a, it's a separate piece of land isolated from the steelworks. Doesn't have some of that complexity of the adjacency of, of being near our steel business. And Michael's working on that right now. But, you know, as we, as we close in on that opportunity, um, I can't give you a cost number. I don't have a number off the top of my head, but, You know, as we get to that opportunity and what it looks like, we'll obviously disclose what the costs are and what we think the opportunity is. But we think it's something we can move on reasonably quickly, particularly the residential component of it, Ramon.

Yep. Okay. All right. Good one. I'll leave it there. Thanks. Thank you.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Daniel Kang from CLSA. Please go ahead.

Hi. Good morning, everyone. Just want to clarify with the target of 200 mil in terms of cost and productivity improvements, does that include inflationary costs? And what is your, I guess, your expectation of annualised inflationary or cost escalations for the group now?

Dan, so, I mean, the numbers we're talking about are net numbers. If there's something that emerges that's out of our forecast, then that would be an adjustment to that, an offset to that. We called out a year or six months ago the dramatic impact that we were seeing in energy costs in Australia, $50 million. So, look, we track those, mate, and make our best estimate. But, you know, if something comes out of the woodwork, then that would obviously have a negative impact on those targets that we've set.

And what are the expectations of inflationary costs on an annualised basis?

Oh, I mean, mate, you're... with several percentage points, right, is how we kind of think about it. We get an understanding of what's happening from a Labor point of view. But more broadly than that, we don't have any more sophisticated models than probably the same sorts of stuff, the same sorts of information you guys are looking at in terms of what the inflation numbers will look like.

Got it, got it. And if you can just provide some colour on how the BCP or core coatings transformation works, program is progressing?

Yeah, it is progressing. I know I probably seem like a bit of a broken record on this one, but it is progressing. We've made some changes to the leadership. We've built capacity. The team are making inroads. There's an extensive body of work under the project name of Boost, which is underway multiple on all fronts, quite frankly. We've taken some shift adjustments in one part of the business, the heavy gauge part of the business. We're seeing some positive signs on the light gauge component of the business, which is five of the seven paint lines. I think we've now finally resolved the inventory issues. And as I said, we changed the leadership out and John Nowlin's running that for us. We're going through a process of looking for a leader for the business in the longer term. So there are some green shoots there. It lost money in the half. It wasn't a material amount, but it lost money. So it's still performing well below our expectations. But Christy and the team are on it, and we're starting to see some more positive signs. So we'll keep you up to date with that, but it's still well below what our expectations are.

Thank you, Mark. I'll leave it there. Pass it on. Thanks, Dan.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Paul Young from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.

Morning, Mark and David. Hope you're well. Great to see the details on the cost-to-earn program and also the 2030 targets. Mark, the first question is on the Australian steel products business, and great that you've called out effectively the bottom of the housing cycle. I just want to dig into those longer-term targets that you presented, which look pretty compelling. The 2.7 million tonnes of domestic buying for F530. Can I just confirm that sort of what goes into those assumptions? Is that you just operating at full capacity on metal coating and painted? Or is that what you think the, you know, I guess the contestable market is that you can sell into?

It's both. Yeah, it's both, Paul. So, you know, by that time, we'll have MCL7 up and running. And we continue to expect to see share growth in Colourbond. That's been a long-run trend for us. Truecore, it will give us more capacity because we were tight on metal coating. Plate mill activity as well. So, yeah, that's exactly what's gone into those outlook numbers, those forecast numbers. Please don't put in your headline that I've called the bottom of the housing market, though. I'm not that smart. That's just my perspective. But we're, you know, we're clearly expecting that those investments will be able to build we'll be able to build the capacity into those assets as we bring them online.

Yeah, OK. That all makes sense. Thank you. And then back to the US and looking at core coatings, and again, just on those FY30, that FY30 target of 600,000 tonnes. So I think that's excluding Steelscape. That number does seem a little bit conservative, seeing as the installed capacity is... I think, 900,000 tonnes or so. And just noting that some of your peers in the US who have obviously got better market penetration at the moment have sort of come out with sort of some pretty positive sort of growth numbers in the next 12 months for painted steel demand growth and also margins. So I just want to just, again, step through, you know, what's the underlying assumption with the 600,000 tonnes? Because it does seem pretty conservative. So assumptions with respect to, you know, utilisation or more, I should say, you know, market penetration.

Yeah, I mean, I'll just be a little careful. We're not going to give you all of that detail. I mean, I could probably be accused of being a bit conservative in that space. I'm probably a little bit gun-shy in this space as well, quite frankly. So maybe that's just some more upside in what the outlook might finish up at. You can see we started at about 500,000 tonnes. We've dropped back. We grow up to 600. If I'm wrong and that's conservative, then that's a good thing, mate. So, you know, we're... we're not going to go into the detail of, you know, utilisation and those sorts of things. We're new in that market. We're trying to build it. We're trying to build it both from a toll processing perspective but also from a packaged and branded offer, a single-bill offer. And, you know, there's a range of assumptions that are going into that, but we're not kind of sharing that detail.

Yep, no, that's understood. And then just lastly on West Dapta, I might have missed this, Mark. I mean, it was a good pitch as far as the quality of that land. But just... what's your expectation of potentially a range on, on value for West Abdo?

Oh, look, um, you've actually seen, um, associated sales in the area. So that's probably the best look through, um, perspective on residential land, which is, is, is probably the most immediate opportunity there, um, for the 33 hectares. So that's probably what I talked to you about. And that's the, um, You can kind of see the residential land butting up in the picture next to the 33 hectares that we've got.

Okay, thanks, gents.

That's it for me.

Thank you.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Brooke Campbell Crawford from Baron Joey. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Just first one on the buyback. Just to clarify, should we... Assume that the buyback's effectively on hold in the second half based on your earnings guidance and CapEx. And basically buyback will be active if there's proceeds from land or if there's improvements in spread. Is that the right way to think about it?

Look, all things being equal, things are... All things are never equal. So I guess, you know, we in this environment, Brooke, we do have to take a reflection of all the factors that are going into play. We've obviously got a relatively volatile external environment where I've got a number of opportunities internally within the business and they will be the things that inform our process to the buyback. I think in that context, it would be fair to say that in a more normalised and steady environment, you have a less nuanced approach than you do when things are volatile as they are.

Just a second question around North Star. I think in the past you talked to 3.5 million times. I think that was changed last year. But just to clarify, is 3.5 as a target sort of off the table, you know, no longer likely or is that, potential upside that you could look to execute some further initiatives at some point between now and FY30.

What we called out with the de-bottlenecking, Brooke, was that we had in that scope of work 3 to 3.3. The team at Northstar have got a long history of continuing to find ways to eke more out of that asset and I would expect that that will happen post the de-bottlenecking. So Current target 3.3, but I suspect there's some more upside in that asset, absolutely.

Great, thank you.

Thanks, Paul.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Owen Barrow from RBC. Please go ahead.

Just a quick one, just delving into that SteelScape question. increased to 51%. Can you just confirm whether or not there was any additional investment that you had to basically pay for that additional, call it 1%. And then just secondly, just confirming that Steelscape was not consolidated in the first half and will be consolidated at 100% in the second half.

So I'll confirm the acquisition and then I'll get David to do the technical accounting answer for you. Owen, yes, we did pay an amount of money for that 1%. It was not material. High single digits, let me say that to you.

We haven't disclosed it, but it's not a material in terms of the... Yeah, we have operating control of the asset already, so it's already consolidated in our accounts. There will be a small adjustment for the 1% increase.

Okay. And just a second question for me with regards to the New Zealand business. I recall the previous guidance was for a fairly in-line result there. Just wondering what changed so materially and when to see the result land effectively at a breakeven result?

Yeah, we were expecting some improvement in the macro and we saw none of that. In fact, it went the other way. uh robin and the team there are working hard on the cost base and they're having some impact on that we're effectively pulling forward the operating model that will exist under the electric arc furnace the investment around the electric arc furnace is uh is going ahead you know we had in the first half some extraordinary energy cost numbers that's then eased towards the back of the half and it's bounced back again i mean a We've got the poster child of energy mismanagement in New Zealand. I suspect we're probably going to see it unfold in some of the states of Australia as well, quite frankly. But just ludicrous swings in energy costs. So that business has been under quite a bit of pressure. Macro has been very soft. I know the new government, albeit it's not that new now, but the government there I know now seems to be very actively trying to... rejuvenate the economy and get some activity going, some faster approval processes for major capital projects, infrastructure projects. So we're looking forward to that in the second half. But, yes, underperformed our expectations and probably saw it early on, Owen. It wasn't too long into the half before we realised they weren't going to do what we thought they were going to do.

You mentioned just the swinging energy costs. The new EAF, I would imagine, would be more, I guess, energy intensive than the previous mill. Just wondering whether there's any sort of protections that you've got there, or are we likely to see, I guess, more exposure to, I guess, spot energy costs?

Yeah, no, it's actually a very similar amount of electricity that we use under the existing model and the new model. Of course, what the EAF gives us is a much greater level of flexibility and interruptibility, which is valuable in an energy market like New Zealand. So that's the flexibility, some of the benefit that I talk about when I talk about the flexibility of the new model. But yeah, it's actually a very similar amount of electricity usage under both models.

Okay, that's excellent. Thank you.

Thanks, Alan.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Harry Saunders from Evans & Partners. Please go ahead.

Morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Firstly, could you just give us a sense of maybe the net realisation you're seeing in the mid-single-digit February price increasing in colour bonds and customer feedback and volume impact, please?

It's on track, Harry. We've made the announcement. I mean, the typical process in Australia is we give the channel six months' notice and to allow them to work through contracts, all those sorts of issues. So it's underway and there's nothing that I would say that's material or significant that we need to update. It's sort of a CPI level increase, nothing that we need to update or change.

Thank you. And maybe just on the cost out, how much is actually anticipated in that guidance for the second half that you're realising of the 200 mil, please?

Yeah, Harry, not a material amount for the second half. There'll be a little bit that comes in as a bring forward. But as Mark said at the start, that's effectively, you know, the full year benefit of that is in FY26. OK, got it.

Thank you. Just wondering as well, in coated products, you asked, we've talked a bit about this, but could you quantify the upside there? And then, you know, perhaps, therefore, what is the balance of the sort of 200 mil, please?

So, look, I've talked about this before. I mean, the way we try and measure our, or the way we measure our investments, Harry, we're expecting a 15% return on invested capital. We spent $500 million on that business. So that's our expectation. And we're obviously well below that. So that allows you to understand the delta from where we are and where we need to get to.

Great, thank you. And in the New Zealand business, just wondering if you have a view on the mid-cycle EBIT post the EAF opening and where you could take that by 2030, given the 75 mil upside implied.

Well, that's incorporated in that $75 million forecast, obviously. We're well below where we would expect to be mid-cycle right now in the New Zealand business. As we said at the time with the EAF approval, it doesn't really change the profitability of the business pre and post. What it does do is give us a lot more flexibility and things like interruptibility of A power supply that I just talked about with Owen, there'll be value that comes out of that, certainly, but we haven't really forecast that. So that sort of $75 million improvement that we talked about, that's clearly over and above what we would see the mid-cycle numbers to be in New Zealand.

Thank you. Just finally, I'm wondering if you have an initial sort of ballpark view of the surplus land valuation, perhaps a timeframe to realise that. that total portfolio?

Well, we've talked about the West Apto in the next 12 months and the opportunity potentially for us to realise some value from that. On the broader portfolio, 1,200 hectares adjacent to our facilities, that's more a medium and longer-term number and outlook. We've got to think about that much more carefully in terms of how we utilise it. But certainly we think there's obviously enormous opportunity. There's some numbers that have been published around the broader portfolio and the sort of $300 million to $500 million I've seen published from some of you guys around the valuation. I wouldn't speculate on anything more than that at this stage. It's just really going to depend on how quickly we choose to develop it and what the opportunities are. Great. Thank you very much. I would have thought those numbers are reasonably conservative given the size of the land and the opportunity with infrastructure.

Helpful. Thank you. Thanks, Harry.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Lyndon Fargan from JP Morgan. Please go ahead.

Good morning, everyone. My first question is just back on Northstar. So the non-spread costs, just wondering if you can give us a medium-term guide on that. It looks like we're sort of hovering around the 300 mark per tonne in FY23, a bit lower than that in FY24, and it's sort of coming at around the 240 mark. Just, you know, trying to delve into that again and looking for a medium-term guide. Thanks.

Yeah, look, I think it's a difficult one. Obviously, Lyndon, those factors are typically outside the team's control and are reliant on, you know, the broader market delivery. What I would say is that, you know, important to that is we feel as if we're purchasing as well as any other manufacturers in the industry are. So I think, you know, to a degree, you know, the rise and fall of that is also replicated with the rise and fall in pricing as manufacturers try to recapture that. So we'll continue to work hard in that space, but providing a longer term guidance is difficult.

Okay, thanks. And just to confirm, that number includes operating the scrap facility there? Correct. Yeah. Thanks. And the next question is just a bit more strategic. So the deferral of the $1.2 billion downstream investment in the US, obviously a big thing. Wondering if we can maybe run through that in a bit more detail. So is that related to... I guess the free cash flow position of the business today. I mean, we're sort of cyclically low type numbers there. And is there an inability to kind of execute that in the near term, given balance sheet constraints, or is this more around just not saying the opportunities? I mean, I think some of it, it was a bill versus buyer question that we were running through in the last few results. Um, Yeah, just wondering if you can shed more colour there, because it seems like a fairly big strategic move. And is it now a post-FY 2030 thing?

Yeah. So, I mean, Lyndon, there's a lot to unpick in that question. And the various issues you touched on are all of the things that we think about as we go through a large investment proposal like that. So, As I touched on in one of the earlier questions, we need to make sure that we've got a build and confidence around the downstream requirement and the work we're doing around that, both within BCP on a tolling basis and a single-bill basis. The work we've done around the change in ownership structure on the West Coast is all a component of that. Of course, we're very cognisant of our current capacity to pay And the amount of work that we've got on that comes into our large investment decisions as well. And again, and this is, you know, a little cryptic, but I'm sure you guys understand what I'm saying. There's an awful lot going on in North America right at the moment in terms of ownership of assets, structure of the industry. And I don't want to commit too early if other opportunities emerged and whether that's purchasing material from other players and putting it through our own channel whether that's purchasing other assets that might fall out of some rationalization or whether we invest and build the capacity ourselves they're all scenarios that are that are possibilities right now given the structural changes and and uh and the state of the united states steel market so i don't want to go too early so from our perspective it's it's all of the above and i'm not trying to not answer your question, but all of those things you raised are all of the things that we think about before we would make a very large capital commitment like we signalled with the midstream investment. So hopefully that answers your question.

Yeah, that's good colour, Mark. So I'm guessing that is a post FY 2030 strategy now.

Well, I think it depends. If we decided in the next couple of years or the next year, for example, that we wanted to invest... in the asset, then, you know, typically if you've seen it with MCL seven, it's a two to three year timeframe in terms of an investment like that. So if we were to decide in a year's time that we were going to give it green to go, then it would be pre 2030. It'd be early, you know, late in the twenties. So to be not far from 2030, just given the timeframe for us to construct an asset like that. So it really does depend on when you decide to hit the go button as to obviously when you can get underway and get it going, but they are, typically a two- to three-year investment profile. Great. Thanks for the colour. Thanks, Linda.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Rowan Gallagher from Jarden. Please go ahead.

Good morning, Mark. Good morning, David. Hopefully I'm near last, maybe the least important. But most questions, surprisingly, not surprisingly, have been asked. So thank you for the increased disclosure and credit to the Australian team to whether the structurally challenging energy costs we're going through at the moment. Just to clarify, with your second half guidance, the cost saves, you did 25 in the first half. David, is that sort of the sort of ballpark you're looking at for the second half in terms of what's ensued as part of your guidance?

Yeah, that's correct.

Okay. And just associated with the cost-saving program, and thank you for the added details, normally when you did a material cost-out like this last cycle, it led to significant item charges. Conscious of the cost-saving program and also some of the asset values and the current earnings profiles, should we be seeing any significant item charges expected in the not-too-distant future associated with those two projects?

Yeah, look, not to a material degree, Rowan. A lot of this is kind of efficiency and optimisation, which doesn't have a structural element to it. We have flagged that some of the work we're looking at does incorporate structural changes moving forward, but that will be sort of reviewed at the time. And if we go forward with that, then you're correct. We've typically taken that as an adjustment to underlying earnings.

And just, David, in terms of the performance, specifically the US-coded performance, Acquisition price US500, therefore you'd be targeting something in the order of US75 sustainable EBIT. Are you still comfortable with the carrying value of that asset at this particular point in time?

Yeah, look, we'll continue to review that at every period end. And obviously the team's turnaround plan needs to have a forecast that supports the asset base. And, you know, the plan we have in place is consistent with that.

Thank you. And finally, guys, just for clarity, the guidance that you've provided for the second half, and I share the thoughts of a previous question and the views on having to do that, but is West Abdo included or excluded from your guidance for the second half, please?

Yeah, no, it's excluded. And, you know, I think we've incorporated that as a potential realisation in FY26.

That's awesome. Thank you, guys.

Thanks, Rowan.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Keith Chow from MST Marquis. Please go ahead.

Good morning, Mark and David. First question on the U.S. Maybe this is a bit of a nuanced point, but Mark, you mentioned you've recently been over there. It's in terminal. I think a lot of corporates are, I guess, pausing on their investment decisions at this point in time. So it doesn't sound like supply and demand has moved that materially in the last few weeks, but Can you help me understand what you think has been driving the steel prices and steel spreads higher? I know it sounds like a bit of an obvious question, but, you know, has the industry discipline improved that much in recent weeks? Or, you know, is it the tariffs, do you think, have helped the market just start to really lean into those price increases that we started to see basically at the end of last year?

Yeah, Keith, I think, so I don't, I don't get misrepresented. The terminal I was probably talking about was more in Washington than anywhere else. We've got a whole bunch of bureaucrats that are trying to deal with a very different approach from this administration than they've had typically in the past. But I think you're on what we're starting to see in North America. I just think there was a degree of uncertainty as the administration changed. What would it look like? What are the early signals around guidelines and And I think the new president is being very clear about what he wants to do, the support he's going to give American industry. And I think naturally that has led to more confidence, some restocking, firming in pricing. The tariffs have clearly helped. I think what you're seeing play out is as we expected, where post the administration change, things would settle down and we'd get back to business. And I suspect that's what you're seeing, Keith.

Okay, thank you, Mark. And then a couple of questions, David, for you. First one, with respect to the capex that was spent in the first half and also into the second half, it looks like numbers have actually come in slightly below prior guidance, only very marginally for sustaining, but with respect to growth, the numbers are lower. So can you help us understand whether that is timing, whether you're doing those projects more efficiently? Are there any other movements in there that we should be considering?

Yeah, so, Keith, the expectation is that that would be timing. So, you know, the projects are still on track. But, you know, as we work through these major projects and, you know, whether it's weather events that we've had within the MCL7 delivery, which caused some delays, we're not seeing that as changing the envelope of the overall spend. So predominantly, Keith, it's a timing issue.

OK, thank you. Maybe a follow-on for that, David. I think in prior guidance, you've talked about reducing working capital, particularly at the August result last year, but it doesn't look like working capital has moved too much. In fact, it's probably gone up a little bit because of payables. So what are your expectations and respects to working capital going forward, please? Thank you.

Yeah, so, Keith, you know, in terms of affecting that, we're seeing that coming out over the course of the next 12 to 18 months. you know, we've indicated, you know, what we're looking to drive. It slightly means the working capital position will be, you know, elevated versus history, but there are, you know, inflationary aspects in the working capital base that won't be able to be changed when you're looking at a bigger denominator of debtors.

Okay, great. Thanks, Dave. Understood. Thanks, Keith.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Scott Ryle from Remoal Equity Research. Please go ahead.

Hi, thank you very much. Thanks for the medium to long-term information as well. I've got two questions. Both are on coded products, one in the US and one in Australia. So in the US, you've had John in there for the best part of six months now. I'm wondering if you can uh, give us a little bit more color around what he's found so far in his review. That's going to enable, I think you've turned that immediate response or, or, you know, very short term turnaround in that business. And I guess the second one is, is what is the prospect for growing that business? If you don't have, you know, a color bond style product, um, as opposed to a product that looks pretty similar to what's offered by a lot of competitors, please?

Yeah, so Scott, John's went in there just a few months and he's in it up to his bootstraps. I don't want to... I don't want to dismiss an enormous amount of work that was done by the prior management before John went in. And much of the work we talked about in terms of the improvement program was well underway. John's gone in and he's got a very unique perspective given his incredible experience with us. So he's accelerated some of that, got a real focus around the operations, which you would expect someone like John to bring. And that's starting to have an impact, certainly, What we bought, Scott, at the start was a tolling business, and that tolling business has been dramatically impacted by the underperformance of the foundation customer that we purchased it from. But there's still a very large tolling market in North America, and we would expect, I would expect that there's an opportunity for us to continue to be a toll processor in that space. The opportunity that we saw with the underutilisation of the assets, what we still think, today is a very low purchase price for the assets versus replacement cost for the assets that we've acquired. What we felt at the time was that there was the opportunity to build the colour bond slash single bill approach. And that's really the work that's happening now. So, you know, I would expect that there's still plenty of capacity and opportunity for us to operate in a tolling business. And I still see very strong upside and potential ultimately in a single bill offer and an emerging market, particularly in that residential space, as you've heard me talk about before. So that would be a scenario if for some reason we didn't think a Calabon type product would work, you would have a tolling business that you'd continue to operate. That's not what we think though, but that would be the answer to that question.

Okay. Okay.

Thank you. And then in Australia, I think you've mentioned... Well, you mentioned during your prepared remarks that cladding is an opportunity you're looking at. Could you just talk through the enabling steps that you think you guys need to deliver on before you can actually get a product that can be utilised more broadly in the market? And does that require the... investment that you mentioned was coming out in 2027, I think you said was the finish date for NPL7. Is that necessary for looking at the cladding opportunity? What else do you need to do product development-wise to really go after that place?

Yeah, MCL7 is necessary for us to build more capacity. So that's another 240-odd thousand tonnes of of metal coated capacity that then allows us to continue to grow our share in either true core framing or color bond or color bond roofing and or cladding. The cladding issue is an interesting one for us. I know Tanya and the team have been working on on issues around installation. How do we make it simple to install? I mean, it's a fabulous product. And if you think about it relative to something like the aluminum alternatives, it's a very different price point on a Luca bond. The colour palette that we've now got in place, particularly the matte colours, are lending themselves to cladding as an alternative. It seems to be very much on trend and popular. So I think we've got favourable demand conditions for that. And the team within ASP are really working on how do we come up with a solution that's very simple to install. And of course, that's one of the enablers for us to continue to grow in that space. So that's the sort of work that's going on. It doesn't need large capital investments around product development from a cladding perspective.

Okay, great. But the capacity obviously helps if the market takes off.

Oh, yeah, it does, Scott. I mean, quite frankly, during COVID, we ran out of metal coating capacity, and hence the decision for us to go with MCL7. So, yes, it does give us another 240,000 tonnes of capacity that allows us to grow into those markets. Yep. Okay, brilliant. That's all I have. Thank you. Thanks, Scott.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Paul McTaggart from Citi. Please go ahead.

Morning, all. Golly, you must be a bit bored answering all these questions by now, I'd reckon. I saw your name on the list.

We're always going to get to you. Don't worry.

Yeah, eventually. So, look, with the U.S. business, right, you export out of Australia into that West Coast market. I mean, I'm talking to West Coast businesses. you know, let's assume tariffs come through, we don't get an exemption. You know, how much domestically in that West Coast market do you think prices move up? I mean, there's quite a lot of imports going to that West Coast of the US. Do you think you basically get it all back via increased pricing or do you think you wear the tariff impact?

Well, that's the assumption you've got to make, right, mate? I mean, what we saw last time was we saw prices increase, right, Paul? So you're going to make an assumption if there's a 25% tariff in an import market like the West Coast that prices are going to go up 25% or else people are eating some of that cost increase. So that's the range that we're operating in right now. If we got a pass like we did last time, then that's great. We'd get the benefit of the price increase because other imports... would be hit by the tariff. If we don't get a pass, then my base case assumption is that prices would move by the 25%, is how I'd be thinking about it right now.

Okay. And, you know, with the economics of trucking in the US, it's still, I mean, you should still think of it as a kind of a discrete market that's, you know, separated from that East Coast production.

Yes. Yeah, absolutely.

Yep. Yep. All right.

Thanks, Mark.

Thanks, Paul.

Thank you. Your next question comes from Chen Jiang from Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Hi, Chen.

Hi. Good morning, Mark and David. A lot of questions got asked, but I still have to follow up, please. So, firstly, on your second half, FR25 outlook, So if I sum up the business segments you provided, excluding North Star, it looks like they are probably flat, half over half, but excluding North Star. So does that mean the main earnings driver, if I compare half over half for eBay for the second half, the main driver is just from North Star? Is that a fair assumption?

Yeah, that's a fair assumption with where spreads have been versus what we've assumed in the guidance range.

Yeah, thanks for that. And then, so the North Star, you provided the spread assumption to drive your EBIT outlook. So U.S. spread half over half improvement under your assumption is U.S. $25 per ton, but the EBIT from North Star is expected to double. So I'm wondering what else is is driving the doubling eBay from Northstar or mainly because of the $25 per tonne of US spread? Thank you.

Yeah, no problem, Chen. I guess there's the lag impact of spread into that business going into the half. Cost and volume are the three deltas that primarily drive that change for Northstar.

Okay, so there are some cost benefits coming through?

Yes.

Okay. Okay. Okay, all right. And then maybe last question, I understand all of the questions got asked, and then Mark, as well as David, you provided very good color on the core-style initiative of 200 million annualized to deliver in FY26. Does that mean we are expecting incremental 200 million improvement in eBay from FR27. If you can give us some confidence or conviction, how are you going to deliver this? Because on the current environment, to drive cost initiative is very hard for steel or industrial companies.

Yeah, it's very hard, Chen. There's no doubt about it. But that's what the team's working on. And I'm very confident that that $200 million will be around in 2026. uh, the end of 2026, save, save for something else changing. As I said earlier, you know, we called out a year ago or six months ago, the impact of energy, uh, save for some sort of shock like that. Uh, I'm very confident that teams will get the $200 million by 2026, but it's not easy. I agree. And I know because I'm, I'm seeing how hard the teams are working on it, but we've got a, we've got a good track record of this, Jen. We've done this before and, uh, I'm very confident that the teams will deliver.

Yeah, thanks for that. And I guess that's at the end of FY26, right? As a round rate, the full benefits should be in FY27.

No, the full year benefit in 26. 26. And so, yeah, you'd expect that all things being equal rolling into 27. But we expect that full year benefit in 26.

Right. And we are six months away or five months away from FY26. And then you're happy with the progress so far? I am. Okay. Okay. It's especially from Australia steel product. There's a pie chart on page 11. Appreciate that. You will have raw material and energy cost. You are happy with where you're tracking and you're confident that, you know, you can achieve by effort.

We are Chen. Yep. That's why we put the information there for you. We're confident in that. Yeah. Good.

Okay. All right. Okay. Thank you very much. I'll pass it on. Thanks. Thanks Chen.

Thank you. We have a follow-up question from Peter Stain from Macquarie. Please go ahead.

Hi, Mark. Apologies. I don't want to extend it too much longer. I just wanted to clarify something you said about Steelscape. Well, the working assumption is that you've got raw materials going into Steelscape that you'd pay a 25% tariff on, but your selling price is obviously a value-added one. So is it correct to say to assume that there's some nuance there in terms of price position, or are you saying that the rest of the market is going to be full value, value-added imports, and therefore price needs to adjust to that extent?

So let me try and answer that. I might have misinterpreted it, Pete. But no, look, I mean, the 25% would be on the imported value of the raw material, the substrate, so cold-rolled or hot-rolled. What we do is then add value to it. We metal coat it and paint it and sell it as a premium product. So the cost that we would need to recover or the price movement you'd need to see to cover the tariffs would be at 25% of the cold rolled or the hot rolled equivalent that goes into Steelscape, mate.

Gotcha. That makes sense. I just wanted to make sure that we didn't get that wrong. Good. Thanks.

Okay, good. Thanks, Pete.

Thank you. There are no further questions at this time. I'll now head back to Mr Vassella for closing remarks.

Thanks all. We know it's a busy time of the year. Appreciate your questions and the number of you that turned up to talk to us today. So thank you very much and we look forward to seeing you over the next week or so. Cheers.