Bombardier Inc.

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Bombardier Third Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call. Please be advised that this call is being recorded. At this time, I'd like to turn the discussion over to Mr. Francis Richy de la Fleche, Vice President, FPA, FP&A, and Investor Relations for Bombardier. Please go ahead, sir.

Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Bombardier's Earnings Call for the Third Quarter 2025. I wish to remind you that during the course of this call, we may make projections or other forward-looking statements regarding future events or the financial performance of the corporation. There are risks that actual events or results may differ materially from these statements. For additional information on forward-looking statements and underlying assumptions, please refer to the MD&A. I'm making this cautionary statement on behalf of each speaker on this call. With me today is our President and Chief Executive Officer, Eric Martel, and our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Bart Demoski to review our operations and financial results for the third quarter ended September 30th, 2025. I would now like to turn over the discussion to Eric.

Alors, merci Francis. Bonjour et bienvenue à tous, à toutes et à tous ce matin. Good morning everyone and thank you for joining us today. I have to start by saying Bombardier is in an excellent position. Our third quarter results have put us in a confident path to meet our 2025 guidance as we focus on executing our plan for a very strong end of year. Before Bart and I dive into the numbers, I want to take a moment to reflect on the few strategic accomplishments from this past quarter that also represent a perfect view of our long-term strategy. Yesterday marked an important moment for Bombardier. The Global 8000, the world's fastest business jet, received Transport Canada type certification. This aircraft leads the industry. With a maximum speed of Mach 0.95 and the lowest cabin altitude of any business jet in production, the program's journey will next continue with entry into service of our first aircraft before the end of the year. The Global 8000 crowns a lot of recent successes at Bombardier. On the performance front, For the third year in a row, Bombardier ranked amongst the TSX 30's top performing stocks, an achievement very few companies in the indexes history have ever reached. When it comes to our services, our customers have spoken loud and clear. Being ranked first in both the AI and in ProPILOT product survey results is not just a recognition of our aircraft reliability. but it's also a recognition of our people. It reflects the strength of the team we've built, one that is united by a single mission, putting our customers at the very heart of everything we do day in and day out. We also took a bold step forward, launching our U.S. expansion in August. In October, we began concrete actions with the announcement of our new service center in Fort Wayne, Indiana. And let me be clear, this is just the beginning. This facility will significantly strengthen Bombardier's footprint in the Midwest, placing us closer to key cities and customers. Once fully operational in the second half of 2026, This center will offer world-class maintenance, repair, and overall capabilities for all of our aircraft. Most importantly, it will create approximately 100 high-skilled jobs, further reinforcing our commitment to growth, to our customers, and to the communities we operate in. This past quarter also marked a key milestone in the evolution of our U.S. manufacturing footprint. In August, we officially inaugurated our new component manufacturing facility in Moorpark, California, replacing our previous Los Angeles area operation. The new 46,000 square foot site offers a modern and collaborative environment tailored to the expertise of our highly skilled team producing components for our Global 75 and Global 8000 business jet. Our third quarter momentum has also carried into the fall. We deepened our presence in Asia through an agreement with SoJets Corporation, one of Japan's leading business jet providers. They placed an order for both a global 6500 and a global 8000 flagship aircraft. This order will serve as a foundation for Japan's first large business jet shared ownership program. Bombardier Defense also continued to gain significant traction. We delivered the ninth Bombardier Global Aircraft to the U.S. Air Force for the Bacon Program, and we signed a 10-year service agreement with Sierra Nevada Corporation to support two Global 6500 aircraft equipped with RAPCON X technology. Bombardier Defense will contribute to our future growth meaningfully, and we are already seeing a strong foundation. In fact, we anticipate a growing number of aircraft deliveries in Q4. What's important to highlight here is that aircraft testing for defense mission are green or modified aircraft delivered directly from our facilities in Toronto and Wichita. This creates extra capacity or flexibility in our Montreal completion lines as they focus primarily on deliveries to civil customers. This operation allows us to scale our defense operation efficiently without having pressure to our core business jet production lines at critical times of the year. At the same time, demand remains strong across our entire portfolio, and our backlog remains at a five-year high levels with a healthy balance between individual and fleet customer. As we prepare for the second half of the decade, We are in a position to begin rehabilitating some longer-term production rates in areas where our facilities and the supply chain ecosystem could support increases to meet demand. That said, our top priority will remain to keep the operational discipline and customer focus that have defined our success until now. For Q4. we once again anticipate a more back-loaded delivery profile similar to 2024. Our teams are working well to manage the tight schedule and meet all our customer commitments. Of the risks we monitor proactively, supply chain continues to be our top priority, and what we can assure you is that our teams are working with agility and discipline to mitigate disruptions. With that in mind, let me return to the Q3 results themselves. We had a double-digit growth for several key metrics, starting with 13% more deliveries, 11% more revenues, including 12% more revenues from services, 16% more adjusted EBITDA, and 59% more adjusted net income. Our free cash flow was even more significant. with a generation of $152 million, which is $279 million higher than last year. These are results the entire team is very proud of, as we continue to demonstrate our strong growth potential and high levels of performance. We've also taken some action in the third quarter that focus on strengthening our balance sheet. Mark will go, will cover that in more details, as well as our commitments to continue retiring debt and meeting our on-track net leverage objectives. We are entering the final stretch of 2025 with excellent momentum across the board, and most importantly, I've stared meaningful cash generation ahead of what will be a very large fourth quarter for deliveries. Our growth across all key indicators reflect the entire Steam's relentless focus on executing our plan and supporting our customers. The Bombardier team is on track for a strong year-end. Bart, on that note, over to you to dive deeper into the numbers.

Okay, thank you, Eric, and good morning, everyone. The entire Bombardier team is very pleased with the results we've shared with you today. Simply put, Q3 was a quarter of strong execution, continued year-on-year growth, and significant progress across our key strategic objectives. And as we enter the final stretch of the year, we are in a great position to deliver on our full-year commitments. As Eric mentioned, Q3 was a standout quarter. Our backlog climbed to a five-year high of $16.6 billion. supported by a robust 1.3 times unit book-to-bill ratio. We delivered more aircraft, more service revenues, more EBITDA, and more free cash flow than a year ago. We also continued to bring down the cost of our debt after having refinanced another $250 million at a favorable interest rate. We were once again included in the TSX-30 list for the third consecutive year, recognizing the top 30 performing stocks on the exchange over the three-year period ending June 30, 2025. At the same time, we've seen continued strengthening of our institutional shareholder base, underscoring confidence in our long-term potential. These achievements, combined with a very strong backdrop for business aviation, have put us right where we want to be to close out the year. Turning to the financials, we delivered strong year-over-year performance. Total revenue for the quarter reached $2.3 billion, an 11% increase year-over-year. We delivered 34 aircraft, up four units versus Q3 of last year. In terms of mix, we had 13 medium and 21 large aircraft deliveries, in line with the reversal towards a more global heavy mix of deliveries in the second half of this year. which I had mentioned during our last call. As a result, manufacturing and other revenue rose by 172 million compared to Q3 of 24, driven by the incremental deliveries, favorable mix, and increased pricing. Our services business also continued to perform exceptionally well, generating 590 million in revenue this quarter, a 12% increase year over year. and representing roughly 25% of total quarterly revenue. Year-to-date, services are up 11%, and we have set the stage for strong continued growth for years to come. Turning to profitability, adjusted EBITDA came in at $356 million, up 16% year-over-year, with a margin of 15.4%, a 60 basis point improvement over the same period last year. Margin growth was driven by improved aircraft mix and stronger pricing, but was partly offset by transitory supply chain related costs. Adjusted for this item, our EBITDA margins would have well exceeded 16%. Our adjusted EBIT was 227 million, a 13% increase over Q3 of last year. Adjusted net income rose sharply to 129 million, up 59% year-over-year, driven by strong execution and reflecting the growing earnings power of our businesses. Q3 adjusted EPS increased 64% to $1.21 versus the same period last year. Moving to cash, we generated $152 million of free cash flow in the quarter, representing a $279 million improvement compared to Q3 of last year. The year-over-year improvement is the result of higher earnings and improved working capital, which was driven by increased customer advances and lower inventory investments. In Q3, we invested $128 million in inventories, which was largely funded by a $101 million increase in customer advances. CapEx and net interest were $38 million and $78 million respectively for the quarter. In July, we also made our final residual value guaranteed payment of $22 million. As I mentioned earlier, we continued to strengthen our balance sheet with an additional $250 million in debt refinancing at a favorable interest rate. And earlier this week, we announced a NAPPAR debt repayment of just under $100 million that will be effective on December 3rd and will clear the remaining balance of our 2027 notes. Our debt retirement plan remains on track and we expect to continue making debt repayments in the coming months. Liquidity for Q3 remains solid at a pro forma $1.38 billion adjusted for the debt repayment we made in early Q3 and in line with our targeted range of $1 to $1.5 billion. Looking ahead to the balance of the year, we are on track to meet our full year guidance. We expect to deliver a fourth quarter with very strong margins resulting from a higher mix of large cabin aircraft, including Defence 6500s, Global 7500s, and our first Global 8000, which just yesterday received Transport Canada Type certification. These dynamics, along with expected stronger earnings and inventory release, are setting the stage in Q4. It's been a great year so far for Bombardier, and our team is fully focused on closing the year in a strong fashion, before turning the page to next year's plan, which we will look forward to discussing during our next call in February. With that, I'll thank you very much, and I'll turn it over to Francis to begin the Q&A.

Thanks, Bart. I'd like to remind you that the Bombardier Investor Relations team is available following the call in the coming days to answer any questions you may have. For the question period, please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. With that, we'll open up for questions. Operator, please go ahead.

Thank you, sir. Ladies and gentlemen, if you do have any questions, please press star followed by 1 on your touchtone phone. You will then hear a prompt that your hand has been raised. And should you wish to decline from the polling process, please press star followed by 2. And if you're using a speakerphone, you will need to lift the handset first before pressing any keys. Please go ahead and press star 1 now if you have any questions. We will hear from Tim James at TD Cowen. Please go ahead.

Thanks very much. Good morning, everyone. I'm just wondering first if you could talk about how you see the potential for capital deployment for M&A going forward. The balance sheet just, you know, gets better. Quarter after quarter, you're in a very strong position here. Just wondering what you're thinking about in terms of external capital deployment at this point. What types of opportunities you would consider or capabilities that you'd like to build?

Yeah, this is a, thanks for the question. This is a great question. Actually, you know, we're having a discussion as we speak, you know, internally about this. But I think the principle that will guide us is, first of all, we will remain extremely disciplined as a company. We know that, you know, we've done extremely well over the last five years. You know, our stock has grown, everything. And we've paid quite a bit of debt, you know, which we're going to continue to do between now and the end of the year. But this gives us optionality walking into the next portion of the next half of the decade. And those options will be, you know, we could still reimburse that, you know, which is always an option. We will definitely continue to invest in our program. I think it's important. And when I say our program, it means, you know, our existing program. We'll look at all our options. But also, there's very nice opportunity shaping up for the defense business also that we will consider investing in. So, clearly, you need to think about some product, you know, investment, mainly improvement on our existing product, which have still capability to do so, defense. But then at the same time, we left the door open on potential M&A. And let me characterize this a little bit. Don't think of some major, you know, purchase there. We're more thinking of incremental purchases. that could add value to our existing business of services and defense mainly. So, this is where we see value right now. We know that we have amazing, you know, potential to grow organically in both of those businesses between now and 2030. But if a opportunity occurred to, you know, do, you know, a bigger portion of the maintenance work as an example, or in defense, you know, using our existing capability, we will definitely consider those. So, I guess, you know, all options are on the table, but I think what I should say is you should keep in mind that we'll be extremely disciplined with our capital deployment. We will continue to support mainly the business we are already in, actually only the business we are already in, I should say. and will be opportunistic at the same time if ever opportunity occur, you know, for a small incremental on services and defense.

Very helpful, Eric. Thank you. My follow-up question, this week's Canadian budget, the plan changes to the luxury tax in Canada. you press released talking about 600 potential new jobs for Canada. Could you talk about how you see that potential change in the luxury tax impacting your business?

Yeah, first of all, we were extremely happy about the decision of the government. I think they realized themselves that You know, there was no value added to have this tax for the taxpayer, actually, neither for the government. But clearly, you know, and we said that publicly this week, this will create jobs, you know, at Bombardier and its supplier base. So, you have to think about this along this way. Usually, Canada was a very strong market for Bombardier. First of all, we have the majority of the market. You have to think about about 10 airplane a year. And in the last couple of years, since, you know, the luxury tax got implemented, we were thinking of – we were delivering about two to three planes a year. So there was a major setback for us on the Canadian market that we dominate. So clearly, you know, now what the opportunity is, is catching up. I have a lot of customers that I've been talking to that says, you know, I'm not going to place an order and buy a plane until this tax is there. Now that the tax is out, we have catch up to do. So you should expect. a significant increase because, first of all, we have a bit of catch-up to do on the Canadian market, and this has always been an amazing market, you know, when you compare to the size of the country, the economy compared to the rest of the world, and the number of airplanes we're selling here. It's actually very, very strong. So we're excited about this. I can tell you we're already having phone calls coming in so that we can discuss, you know, the next purchase of a Canadian customer.

Okay, that's really helpful. Thank you, Eric.

Thank you, sir.

Next question will be from Miles Walton at Wolf Research. Please go ahead.

Thanks. Good morning. Bart, could you help us with the fourth quarter implied margins toward 19% and that 400 basis point increase? What would be the driver of that? And obviously, higher than what you've seen in the past. And maybe just these transitory supplier costs, are they really behind you at this point, or could they still be there in the fourth quarter?

Yeah, thanks, Miles, and good morning. Q4, as I think probably everyone on the call knows, has traditionally been a very strong quarter for us. It's a quarter where we have customers who traditionally are looking to receive aircraft for accelerated depreciation purposes in the United States. And it also tends to be a quarter where we have a very strong mix of large cabin aircraft relative to our midsize aircraft. Those large cabin aircraft are bringing higher pricing, generally greater margins, it's Typical that the large cabin aircraft, particularly the 7500 commands a much higher margin than we are delivering a very large number of those aircraft along with the first 8000 in Q4. So that will be part of it. We also anticipate or have plans to deliver about 40% of our total deliveries for the year in the fourth quarter. As you can imagine, on a quarterly basis, we're spreading fixed costs across much more aircraft. So that's a driving margin accretion as well. Services demand in the fourth quarter tends to be equally as high as we get customers preparing for the following year and they place large parts orders. So we know that part of our business is going to be very busy. And then as well, I mentioned in my prepared comments that we're anticipating delivering a fairly significant number of defence aircraft, particularly 6500s in the quarter. We've talked about the margin profile for our defence business. That profile, which is very strong, spreads across both the green aircraft that we deliver and the modifications that we perform on those aircraft for delivery. So all of those things combined are going to drive considerable margin improvement in the court. When it comes to supply chain headwinds, this has been something that I think the whole industry has been dealing with obviously for a number of years now. You've probably heard on prior calls with the other OEMs that we continue to collectively see supply chain challenges, but relief is starting to happen. Eric mentioned this on the last call that we've been starting to see this. Our own supply chain team has been working very, very hard with our suppliers to drive improvement. And we're now at the point where for the first time in probably four years, where we're back to what we would characterize as normal number of late parts to line. The supply chain is normalized except for, you know, maybe the one kind of acute area that we've talked about, which continues to be engines. So that all means that the headwind we've been facing from out-of-order work, incremental cost is going to start to become clawed back. We're expecting some of that to happen next year, throughout the year, and that will continue into 27 as well.

Let me ask to have just maybe one or two comments to what Bart says very clearly. But on the defense side, okay, just to help you characterize what we have ahead of us is the fact that, you know, we've delivered so far this year about four defense planes. The number of planes we're thinking in the fourth quarter, you have to think of a double-digit number around. So that's clearly, you know, a significant margin increase for us in the fourth quarter. The second thing, Bart's comment on the supply chain were right. I was myself, you know, engines, as you know, has been the biggest challenge. Our overall shortages have gone down like to a manageable level. Engine were the main constraint. I was myself a couple of days ago on the shop floor. and I was walking the factory, and I haven't seen engines waiting on the receiving dock for a long time, actually for years, and now it's starting to come up. So, I've seen some of the programs. I think I would say we have two programs that are in a good catch-up right now. One remains fragile, and the other thing I have to say that gives us strong confidence for the fourth quarter, is the fact that probably for a couple of weeks now, we have all the engines we need to deliver year-end and pretty much all the parts, which gives us very strong confidence for our delivery in the fourth quarter.

Great color. Eric, maybe just a quick one. You said re-evaluate higher rates. Is that a re-evaluation for higher rates in 2026 in a material way or more beyond 2026?

I think I would say today beyond 2026. We are in a great place, as you know, with our backlog. But having too much backlog also can become a problem because now you're selling airplane in 28, 29, if not more. So we have to reassess that. But as I said, we'll be extremely disciplined. I'm not going to – and the team won't do it if, you know, we don't think the supply chain will follow us. So there's great detail of work right now on some programs, and I'm sure you realize I won't mention which one. It is strategic and full for us, but we are thinking of, you know, diligently working at the capability of the supply chain. And I think if the capability of the supply chain conclusion is that it's possible and we can do it, then we will clearly have strong consideration for some of the programs.

Next question will be from Benoit Poirier at Desjardins. Please go ahead.

Yes, thank you very much. Good morning, Eric. Good morning, Bart. Bonjour, Benoit. Yeah, according to an article, obviously you've talked about the potential to increase production rate on the Challenger, but also you're looking to maybe move a few parts in terms of manufacturing around the globe. So I was wondering if you could maybe talk a little bit more about the potential for cost saving and maybe the potential for margin improvement as you bring the challenger production rate higher and as you move a few parts around the globe?

I think, Benoit, this is a great question. You know, we always, you know, need to be mindful of continuously reducing our costs, but also de-risking our supply chain all the time. So I guess some of the projects we're laying out right now will do both. They will help us to improve the margin of our product. They will help us to de-risk maybe some of the supply chain and will bring quite a bit of benefit, you know, and they could be the one also that will give us the opportunity to go faster on some of the programs. So I guess when we are assessing all of this, we have a very clear roadmap And, you know, in our plan, we are already, you know, banking on some margin improvement, you know, on our program. And some of it can come from pricing, but some of it also will come from reducing our costs. So we have a very detailed plan on how we are going to reduce costs in our company between now and 2030, and we are acting on this plan already. And the strategy you just – to is definitely a big part of that.

Thank you. Thank you very much for the call there, Eddie.

Thank you. Thank you, Benoit. Yes, Benoit.

Next question will be from Gavin Parsons at UBS. Please go ahead.

Good morning, Gavin.

Bookings here today, it sounds like good line of sight into deliveries and hoping you could kind of just walk through the bookings.

Yeah, thanks, Gavin. So, free cash flow, as you know, for us, We know a lot about it throughout the year because of the big backlog that we have, and we know we have great certainty around our delivery profile and the number of aircraft and type of aircraft that we'll deliver in the fourth quarter. So that's the first big piece. We're going to enjoy higher profitability because of that, which will be driving a big free cash flow quarter. And as I mentioned earlier, the mix is going to be very favorable towards the globals relative to challenges. So that's the first part of it. We're very confident that we'll obviously hit our range. Within each quarter though, obviously we do have variability in order activity and in order mix, and that drives initial payments that can vary somewhat. So I mentioned earlier in my comments, Eric did as well, that we have great line of sight. The market is very active. And so, you know, we have a high confidence, obviously, that that will land within the range that we provided for guidance for the year.

For anything that you're seeing on that, as I pointed out, a pretty low book to bill would be needed to reach the end of the free cash guide.

Yeah, we're not seeing signs right now, Gavin, of a low book to build for the quarter. In fact, the market in Q3 obviously was very robust, and that pattern or path has continued. Here in Q4, we've got a very strong, I'll call it pipeline, of order activity happening right now. And it spreads across all markets and all customer types with a lot of interest in defense. So we're very pleased with where we sit right now. Okay, thanks, Gavin.

Next question will be from Cameron Dirksen at National Bank. Please go ahead.

Yeah, thanks. Good morning. Good morning, Cameron. I wanted to follow up on the free cash flow question because you sort of mentioned that you'd be evaluating production rates in 2026 with the view to perhaps increasing deliveries in 2027. You've got a $900 million free cash flow kind of target out there that you've talked about in the past. Just wondering if we do get a production rate increase planned for 2027, how does that affect the working capital? How does that affect, I guess, getting to that $900 million kind of free cash flow target?

So maybe let me just talk about it. So yes, we're looking at it now. It may take even further than 2027, by the way. It's a long process, especially with the state of the supply chain. Again, we'll be very prudent in making sure that, you know, we can deliver. So usually it creates two things. If we increase the rate, It means that we're going to, yes, build some inventory to do that, but at the same time, we will probably increase also the initial payment because we're going to have more airplane to sell. So, usually, we're trying to neutralize as much as possible. It may be not a perfect science that it's going to happen always at the same quarter, but overall, on the long run, clearly, this should happen. So we're optimistic that demand on some of the platform is so strong right now. And as you know, we have quite a good lead also on fleet operator. We've been very successful with fleet operator over the years. It's a big portion. And the fleet operator also continue to grow significantly right now. And when I put over and above all of this, you know, some defense opportunity that we're working on, you know, I think it justifies to clearly have a look at it carefully. But, again, discipline will prevail, will ramp up, and I think overall, you know, we should see a neutralized cash flow because of the increase of IP initial payment coming in and progress payment.

Okay. That makes sense. Appreciate the time. Thank you. Thank you, Cameron. Thank you, Cameron.

Next question will be from Jordan Leone at Bank of America. Please go ahead.

Good morning. Thanks for taking the question. Eric, on the fleet strength that you guys are seeing from those customers, is there anything else that's changed from them that gives you more assurance that now is the time to raise rates? And I know you guys announced Bond was the largest one, but is there anything else that you guys are seeing for a replacement cycle?

Yeah. No, but I think it's a great question. First of all, you know, some of these fleet operator from the start, you know, have airplane to replace. You're absolutely right. So there is a replacement cycle also that will take place in the next five years. But at the same time, they do continue to grow. I was quoting yesterday with the board, you know, that we have seen the fleet operator just a Bombardier plane. They're flying 62% more hours than they were in 2019. So this is like a significant growth over five, six years. And, you know, they're clearly the leader in terms of growth in business aviation in terms of hours. A lot of people have adapt or buying shares of plane or buy hours or whatever the program is. But we've seen amazing momentum and that momentum, uh you know has not plateaued yet you know a lot of people thought it was but it doesn't this year i think they're up by another five six percent uh compared to last year and and we definitely see uh you know uh newcomers as you you mentioned uh you know bon earlier and and the uh fleet operator that we've been serving for decades you know definitely continue to to see a stellar, you know, intake of order and programs, and we're going to be there to serve our customer, you know. So, the opportunity is quite amazing in the next five years, too. Great. Thank you so much. Thank you, sir.

Thank you, Jordan.

Next question will be from Seth Seifman at JP Morgan. Please go ahead.

Yeah. Hey, guys. This is Alex on for Seth. Thanks for taking the question. You know, maybe on, good morning, maybe to ask a question on services, you know, I think you guys have talked about this medium-term growth target of, you know, mid to high single digits in the past. You know, clearly, over the past few years, you know, significantly outperformed that. I mean, even this year, you're up 11% year to date. You know, you talk about opening up this new service center in Fort Wayne, Indiana. I'm just trying to think through, you know, is there any kind of potential upside that you guys see to this, you know, target now that, you know, everything's performed so well?

You know, this is an amazing story, our service center. You know, in 2020, we were a billion-dollar business. Last year, we've achieved 2.2-ish. So, we more than doubled the business in about four years. And we're not done. That's the great news. So, as you know, in the first part of the decade, we've increased significantly our international presence. And right now, as we mentioned earlier, We are increasing our presence in the U.S. You know, we just announced the new service facility in Indiana. We have planned to do probably another two announcements, you know, in the next year or so. Paul and his team are working diligently on this to make sure we are at the right place and we do the right investment. Again, we'll remain disciplined. But the beauty of that business is, again, you know that we have more than 5,000 plane in service. Most of the time, customers prefer to come to the OEM if they are present. That's why being in the Midwest was strategic for us and important for our customer base and for us. So, now that we're there and giving the capability, we also know how predictable that business is, because we know that the airplane we delivered 10 years ago is going to go into a major maintenance, as an example. So, this is calendar driven most of the time. So, we pretty much know exactly when that airplane will be. So, we can work on it already and plan for that. That's why we're planning the capacity. Because we know for sure that today's capacity will not be enough to meet the demand. Otherwise, we'll lose market share. And that's not the plan. Actually, we're baking on a bigger market, but also on gaining market share by being more present at the right place. And there's other things we do also. So, I think the opportunity that you saw arising in the last five years will definitely continue to grow at a very fast pace again. So, we're very active. We're opening centers. You know, we're building capacity to meet demand, to grow. You know, our market share, at the same time, we're training people to do that. So it's a fun challenge. Today, we have in the network hundreds of airplanes every day today. Every morning, we take the picture, how many airplanes are we working on? It's pretty significant. It's actually doubled than what it was five years ago. So we're excited about this, and our assumption is that the trend will continue.

Yeah, and Alex, just to add to Eric's comments, to help with the numbers a little bit, the mid to high single-digit growth that we've forecasted is primarily driven by baseline growth alone. So that's coming from more flight hours, more aircraft in the service centers that we already have in place, aging of the fleet. And the fact that we're replacing Learjets with Globals and Challengers, et cetera, and with price increases on an annual basis. So that's what drives that growth. Incremental to that, to give you kind of the sense of upside, is gaining more market share. And we've talked about the potential. to get to as high as 70% market share in coming years. This will take some effort, obviously. But Eric just talked about we're opening more service-centered capacity in the United States. That will be part of the answer to how to get there because that will attract more customers to us as the OEM. In addition, we're going to make some of those small targeted investments, M&A in particular, TACIENS, to acquire capability and service licensing for major components like landing gear, like engine repair perhaps, and a variety of other things. And those are the upside elements, and we're working on those plans to execute on them right now.

Awesome. Thanks, guys. I'll keep it at one today. Thank you so much. Thanks, Alex.

Next question will be from Noah Poppenack at Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.

Hey, good morning, everyone. Good morning. Just a few follow-ups on the cash flow statement. I guess it would be a little surprising if you were at the low end of 2025, given the book to bill is always a part of the calculus and is trending well. But to be at the high end, you have to do a billion one of free cash in the fourth quarter, which would be up a lot year over year with deliveries up a little, but not a ton. So, Bart, could you just maybe shed a little bit more light on why you haven't changed that range or what would get you a low end versus high end? And then as we go to 2026, do you feel like you are tracking to – the 900 million or greater framework you've had or not for any reason. And I just want to make sure, Eric, it sounded like you were pointing to neutral-ish change in working capital. Is that the right number? Because that's obviously been a pretty significant swing the last few years.

Yeah. Hi. Good morning, Noah. So, we've been consistent in our guidance. all year on free cash flow and we're not going to move off of it here in the fourth quarter. What we have highlighted clearly is that it's a very busy and strong market right now for new order activity. That is something that obviously depending on how many of those new orders actually get executed in the quarter can swing the cash flow quite materially. You think about just a couple of sales that could be delivered in the same quarter, and you could be talking 100, 200 million of free cash flow very quickly. So that's why we don't try to project beyond the next very short period of time, and we stick to our guidance. What we also have said, though, is we are expecting a very strong margin quarter, very profitable. The deliveries, as Eric highlighted, are all set to go. The engines are all here. So we have every confidence that we'll be making our plans. And when it comes to next year, we'll be happy to talk more about our guidance for 2026 when we meet in February.

Okay. Thank you.

Thank you, Noah.

Thank you so much.

This time, I would like to turn the call back over to Francis Richer de la Fleche.

Thank you, Sylvie. Before I pass it to Eric for the conclusion, for those who were following the presentation online, I think we had a technical issue displayed in the slides for the second quarter instead of the third quarter, so I apologize for that miscue. The correct slides are available on our website, and the replay of the presentation will be posted with the correct ones. So with that, I'll pass it to Eric for his closing remarks.

So thanks to all of you for joining us today. So your continued interest in Bombardier and in the progress we're making means a great deal to us. As you've heard, we are delivering on our commitment, executing with discipline, agility, and building a strong, resilient company that is focused on performance, innovation, and also a long-term value creation. So thank you all, and I look forward to speaking with you again in the new year.

Yes, sir. Ladies and gentlemen, this does indeed conclude the conference call for today. Once again, thank you for attending. And at this time, we do ask that you please disconnect your lines. Enjoy the rest of your day.