NFI Group Inc.

Good day, and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the NFI Fourth Quarter 2025 Financial Results Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. After the speaker's presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you will need to press star 11 on your telephone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. To withdraw your question, please press star 11 again. You may also submit questions via the webcast. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. I would now like to hand the conference over to your speaker today, Stephen King, Vice President, Strategy and Investor Relations. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Shannon. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to our conference call. Joining me today are John Sapp, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Brian Dusnip, Chief Financial Officer. On today's call, we will give you an update on our annual and quarterly results, highlighting our record year in 2025 for NFI. You'll also hear from John on his first few months as CEO and his top priorities coming into the year. This call is being recorded and a replay will be made available shortly. We will be referring to a presentation that could be found in the financials and filing section of the NFI Group website. As we move through the slides via the webcast link, we will call out the slide number. On slide two, we provide our cautionary or forward-looking statements and note that certain financial measures referenced today are not recognized earnings measures and do not have standardized maintenance prescribed by International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS. We advise listeners to view our press releases and other public filings on CDAR for more details. In the appendix of this presentation, we have provided a list of key terms and definitions that will be used on today's call. A reminder that NFI statements are presented in U.S. dollars, the company's reporting currency, and all amounts referred to are in U.S. dollars, unless otherwise noted. Slides three and four provide a brief overview of our company. NFI is a global independent bus and motor coach manufacturer and total mobility solutions provider. We offer a wide range of buses and coaches on proven platforms, and we hold leading positions in transit and coach markets with the strongest aftermarket network in North America and the UK. More detailed information is available on the NFI Group website. Slide five provides some brief insight into NFI's product and geographic mix and other milestones.

I'll now pass the call over to John. Thanks, Stephen, and good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. I'm going to pick up on slide seven. It's been just over two months since I started with NFI, and in that time, I've had the opportunity to see firsthand what makes this organization a leader in the markets we serve. I've visited numerous facilities across our network in the US, Canada, and UK, and I've had the opportunity to work closely with the leadership team to get alignment on our priorities for the year. What drew me to NFI was the critical role that the company plays in driving cities, economic activity, environmental progress, and enabling connections. NFI's purpose is to move people, and I've seen our team's commitment to that mission every single day since I've arrived. Whether it's mobilizing actions to support customer deliveries, executing field service activities, providing aftermarket parts, completing complex engineering, or fabricating components for buses, the team at NFI remain focused on the end goal of supporting customers to ensure they can keep their passengers and riders moving safely. I'm honored to be following Paul Subri in this role. The legacy of his outstanding 17-year tenure will forever be a part of the NFI group. While we wish him all the best in his retirement, I'm also pleased that he will remain available to us and myself as an advisor going forward. As incoming president and CEO, my focus has not changed for the sake of change, while I also want to make it clear that status quo is not the plan. While we are well positioned for success with a strong $13 billion backlog, a very positive demand outlook, and foundational aftermarket business, I also want to bring new perspectives and fresh ideas to the business and our longer-term plan. The leadership team and the board have developed a multi-year financial plan that will see NFI continue to grow, and I'm committed to making sure that we deliver and execute to our expectations. I'll now pass it over to Brian to go through the fourth quarter results before we get into a detailed look at our outlook.

Thanks, John. Turning to slide eight, Q4 was a record quarter for NFI with the largest revenue and adjusted EBITDA in our history. We saw a 22.5% year-over-year increase in revenue and an almost 79% year-over-year increase in adjusted EBITDA. We achieved adjusted net earnings of $59.6 million for the quarter and a 45.7% increase from Q4 2024. Our liquidity increased by $319 million year-over-year, reaching almost $446 million. This reflects a temporary positive increase in the battery settlement Total leverage, inclusive of all debt, improved to 3.49 times, an improvement of 5.3 times from 2024 Q4. We continue to make meaningful progress towards our leverage target of 1.5 to 2.5. The overall improvements were largely driven by the continued strength in manufacturing sales mix as we convert our backlog into results with increased unit economics. The quarter was also positively impacted by the battery settlement agreement reached in mid-December, which is detailed on slide 9. For reference, in the third quarter of 2025, NFI recorded a $229.9 million provision as part of the originally announced battery recall. The majority of this provision relates to the expected costs of the recall campaign, while a smaller portion is for potential additional warranty and support costs, for other non-recall-related battery electric buses in service from the same battery manufacturer. NFI worked throughout the fourth quarter with the impacted supplier and came to the final settlement agreement in December that included the following items. Immediate cash payment received in December. An inventory of battery cells from a leading global provider, which NFI plans to use with a new battery manufacturer starting late 2027. hiring of certain engineering and service employees who will support the recall and provide oversight on NFI's other electric buses, assumption of software and intellectual property, plus facilities for office and engineering labs, and the storage of battery cells. And finally, cash payment and escrow to support transferred employees and the facilities mentioned above. The table on the left showcases the financial statement impacts. On a net basis, we recorded a $63.9 million loss, which is generally viewed as a conservative approach considering the likelihood that certain warranty claims may or may not come to fruition. We're also focused on managing the cost of the battery recall campaign to lower cash outflows. Recognition of the battery recall and settlement impacted numerous financial metrics in 2025. Given the non-recurring nature of this event, we have normalized adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net earnings. To see a full breakdown of the impact, please see our MD&A and financial statements. Moving to slide 10, we highlight the quarterly and full year deliveries by product lines. Transit bus deliveries were down 6% in the quarter and 7% for the year, primarily due to lower UK deliveries partially offset by higher North American deliveries. Despite these lower deliveries, the average selling price, or ASP, of a heavy duty transit bus increased by 33% year-over-year, reflecting the conversion of stronger backlog to results. Motor Coach saw a significant increase in the quarter, with deliveries up 48% from 2024. This was driven by customer demand, acceptance, and seasonal timing. The ASP for this segment saw 3% growth year-over-year. The low floor cutaway and medium duty segment saw a record full-year delivery of 761 units, an increase of 22% year-over-year and a 12% increase in the quarter. The segment also saw a 15% increase in ASPs. Turning to sell-out 11, aftermarket gross margin percentage was up significantly from Q3 and up from 2024. This reflects sales mix benefits and updated pricing reflecting the impact of tariffs. In the manufacturing segment, gross margin was up to 14.8%, An increase of 780 basis points from Q4 2024 and 460 basis points from the previous quarter after adjusting for the impacts of the battery recall. This increase was also driven by conversion of backlog and the positive benefits of geographic mix. Slides 12 and 13 walk through the year-over-year changes in adjusted EBITDA within our reporting segments. I'll just highlight that manufacturing adjusted EBITDA increased by $59 million, or 167% in the quarter, and increased by almost $150 million on a full-year basis. On slide 14, free cash flow for 2025 was positive at $67.8 million with a year-over-year increase of $86 million, driven by operational performance improvements and lower cash interest costs. When we factor in changes in working capital, there was a significant positive impact on cash flows in 2025. This was primarily driven by the battery recall provision, somewhat offset by the increase in inventory from the sales received in the battery settlement and higher AR balances reflecting a busy delivery period in December. Slide 15 showcases a bridge from net loss to adjusted net earnings with all amounts shown net of taxes. There were some large non-recurring and unusual items driving the adjustments in 2025. These included $25.9 million related to our June 2025 refinancing, $137 million of costs at Alexander Dennis related to impairment and restructuring, a $19 million seat supply adjustment reflecting labor inefficiencies and unproductive overhead, And finally, the net impact of the battery recall and settlement of $39.6 million. Adjusted net earnings for 2025 of $85.4 million is an increase of $88.8 million from 2024. Looking at slide 16, we summarize total leverage, liquidity, and ROIC. Total leverage, which includes all debt instruments, continues its downward trend now under 3.5 times. Liquidity was up approximately $333 million year-over-year, and ROIC reached double digits. This reflects our positive cash generation, the impacts from the battery settlement, and debt refinancing. I'll now turn the call back to John to discuss our outlook. Thanks, Brian.

We're incredibly excited for the path ahead at NFI. Coming off record results, 2026 is shaping up to be another strong year as we execute on our backlog, increase production, and drive operational initiatives. We'll also need to navigate through some broader macroeconomic conditions that may create headwinds. On slide 18, I want to walk through my key strategic priorities that fall under four pillars. These are the drivers of our performance in 2026. First on this list is operational excellence. As a manufacturer of complex, highly customized vehicles, it is critical that we maintain our focus on performance. To many who have followed NFI, you'll know that recovering supply chains have impacted our operations. So it should be no surprise that supply chain performance is a key priority for our team in 2026 and beyond. In tandem with that, we'll be focusing on our cost management to ensure we create efficiencies. We want to make sure that we invest in the right areas and resources to enable our continued innovation, but need to drive production leverage to increase EBITDA and earnings growth. Market leadership is another focal point for the year. This is where we want to enhance our customers' experience by continuing to meet their customized needs and providing the broadest and highest quality products on the market. We also want to maintain our position as being our industry's employer of choice, where people can successfully expand their careers as this will further drive overall performance for us as a business. These operational and market activities will underpin our profitable growth. A key factor here is ensuring we continue to capitalize on our impressive backlog and convert high margin units into deliveries. In the aftermarket segment, we want to continue expanding on growth strategies that provide further penetration into bus and coach parts and service. This includes more targeted focus on specific components and increased use of e-commerce and web store platforms. The UK order book is a high priority in 2026 as we seek to expand our deliveries and revenue in that region. We are laser focused on our competitive positioning in the UK, and while we've been happy to see the continued rollout of our new EV products, overall demand is behind our expectations. We are continuing our work with government partners to highlight the importance of domestic manufacturing for the UK, and we are hopeful that the output of ongoing discussions will deliver a positive outcome. We've had great support in Scotland, but need to see broader focus on domestic production to drive increased order improvements. Lastly, NFI is driven to be a long-term business generating value for all our stakeholders. In 2025, we strengthened our balance sheet through our inaugural U.S. bond issuance, and we continued progression towards our target leverage range. It is a critical point for us to continue our deleveraging journey while completing the execution of the battery recall campaign and focusing on continued development and succession of our leadership team. With those priorities forming the background and foundation for 2026, we also wanted to provide forward-looking guidance for the year. We anticipate a revenue range of $3.9 to $4.2 billion, with adjusted EBITDA between $370 and $410 million, and cash capex between $50 and $60 million. In the box below, you'll see a few of our capital allocation priorities for the year, the top of those being continued progress on our target total leverage. We expect we'll likely achieve our target in 2027. And as we progress towards that goal, we want to make sure that we continue to invest in the existing business growth and maintenance capex. I'll now walk quickly through a few drivers of our guidance expectations. On slide 19, you can see the makeup of our backlog of over 15,300 ewes. 41% are firm orders and 59% are options. Our backlog continues to provide significant visibility for our production schedule and has helped us fill our 2026 North American public market production slots and we are now selling well into 2027. The options offer runway and visibility for our production schedules over the medium and longer term. The black line represents the total value of the backlog, which is now over $13 billion, having grown by $7.3 billion over three years. Slide 20 demonstrates the improvement in ASP per EU for firm and option orders. Heavy duty transit ASPs in dark blue have decreased slightly with changes in propulsion mix. Motor coaches in light blue have seen a significant increase in ASP driven primarily by public market demand. The ASP for heavy-duty buses is up by almost 55% since Q4 2021, and motor coaches are up 55% over that same time period. Incoming demand for our buses remains strong in North America, and this is shown in our bid universe on slide 21. We ended the quarter with active bids of 7,120 EUs, This includes roughly 4,100 EUs and bids submitted, which is up 12.6% year-over-year. We believe this increasing demand is driven by the funding environment, fleet age, and replacement activities happening in several major cities. The black line on the chart shows new awards, firm, and options. The chart illustrates the typical correlation between bids submitted in light blue and contract awards in black, with a lag of a few quarters from submission to award. The gray section of the chart shows our five-year expected public bid universe, which is compiled from customer fleet replacement plans and currently sits at roughly 25,000 EUs. This is an 8.9% increase from the third quarter and a 14.7% increase year-over-year. We feel this sustained demand is reflective of a longer-term replacement cycle happening in North America as older buses are taken out of service and replaced by newer units. Slide 22 shows our book-to-bill and option conversion ratios, another important metric for incoming orders. Our option conversion ratio reached 83.4% in 2025, an improvement from 76.3% in 24. This reflects increased order activity, a higher number of exercise options, and the improved competitive landscape. Slide 23 highlights our quarterly production rates and deliveries from 22 to 25. We continue to experience sustained production rate increases through 2025 in North America, but these were offset by lower UK production matching lower incoming order demand. Production was also impacted by certain supply chain disruption. We expect to see line entries continue to increase in 26, driven by our all Canadian build facility, North American double deck ramp up, and medium duty and public coach contributions. Slide 24 shows our aftermarket segment's overall performance and important contribution to the NFI Group economic engine. From 2019 to 2025, the business saw a 6.8% CAGR in revenue and an 8.9% CAGR in adjusted EBITDA. While there was some decline in 2025, this is primarily due to lower large-scale program revenue somewhat offset by poor part-sale growth. We continue to prioritize growth initiatives within the aftermarket and feel that while 2026 will likely be in the low single-digit growth range, longer term that business has the potential for stronger growth. On slide 25, we recap the guidance ranges for key metrics in 2026. The factors underpinning this guidance are higher production and delivery expectations, continued conversion of our strong backlog into results, improving supply chain performance and readiness, helping to drive improved labor efficiency. all supported by contributions from the aftermarket segment. In terms of seasonality, typically the first quarter is our slowest period, while the fourth quarter is our busiest period. We expect 2026 will follow that same pattern and anticipate year-over-year quarterly growth as reflected in our guidance ranges. There are various headwinds impacting the business, including propulsion sales mix, the speed of supply chain improvements, Alexander Dennis UK market demand, and delays in the timing of UK procurements with increased domestic focus. Finally, we also have to work through macroeconomic factors such as tariffs and trade relationships that we expect will have some impact on results and potential demand within private coach. For clarity, our guidance includes the current known impacts of tariffs as of March 11, 2026. It does not reflect any material changes that the tariff environment could have on demand, pricing, or costs in the future. On slide 26, we provide our latest views on the macro tariff environment and how they impact NFI today. In each of the boxes, we have identified the major tariffs that are present and applicable to our industry. You'll notice specific color-coded bars that imply the impact to NFI for those tariffs, with red being the most significant impact and green being the lowest. The two highest impact areas are Section 232, truck and bus, originally launched in November of 25, and the steel and derivative tariffs. We are continuing to work with our partners to ensure we mitigate these costs wherever possible. As of now, we see tariffs having more of an overall impact on private coach market demand as opposed to the public market. This is largely due to the established manufacturing facilities within the US for public market demand. We continue to view tariffs as largely a pass-through cost to customers through contractual obligations and through general price increases. This does require discussions with customers, and we may not be able to cover all costs, but we've generally had success in being able to find solutions. Longer term, we will continue to assess our geographic production schedules while considering tariff exposure. In 2025, we made significant investments in our U.S. operations, increasing staffing in the country by 7%, opened our new Las Vegas production facility, opened a new service center in California, and acquired a Michigan-based supplier. We also invested in the Canadian capabilities, culminating with the recent ribbon cutting of our all-Canadian build facility. We continue to monitor the trade landscape and adjust where necessary to ensure we are as competitive as possible. Wrapping up on slide 27, just a few final comments. The fourth quarter of 2025 was a record period that helped contribute to NFI's strong fiscal year. We saw increased revenue, converted backlog into results, and had solid cash generation supporting debt repayment and deleveraging. Our total backlog of $13 billion, combined with option conversion rate and book-to-bill ratios, reinforces our confidence in our near and long-term outlook. Our guidance numbers are rooted on our manufacturing operational increases alongside the stable contributions from our aftermarket segments. Despite various headwinds in 2026, we have not changed our overall view that NFI is on a strong trajectory that should see improvements across operating and financial metrics. We are confident in the strength in our markets and our product offerings and in our team's ability to deliver excellence in 2026. I'm excited for what's ahead. This is a great team, anxious to continue and build on NFI's strong forward trajectory, poised for great growth and success in 2026 and beyond. With that, I will now open the line for questions. Shannon, please provide instructions to our callers.

Thank you. As a reminder, to ask a question, please press star 11 on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To withdraw your question, please press star 11 again. You may also submit questions via the webcast. Please stand by while we compile the Q&A roster. Our first question comes from the line of Chris Murray with ATB Cormac Capital Markets. Your line is now open.

Yeah, thanks, folks, and good morning. I guess the first question is maybe turning to the guidance a little bit and trying to understand, you know, maybe unpacking this a little bit. So I think you made the comment that you have expectations that, for the most part, most of the slots are sold out for 26%. I'm just looking at kind of where the numbers end up. Let's assume, as you said, after markets relatively flat year over year. Can you just kind of walk us through your thoughts around how many shipments you think you're going to see in the year? And just going back to kind of the embedded margin, it just feels like, you know, maybe we're missing something in terms of what's there, if there's any particular issues, if there's any any bosses that are still kind of impaired or anything like that.

Yeah, thanks, Chris. I appreciate the question. We'll look forward to connecting with you here further, certainly. But overall for us, certainly we feel really good about what it is that we have in front of us here in terms of 2026. We've got a significant amount of growth that we need to certainly go deliver on. I think we don't share the specifics in terms of EU numbers that we anticipate, but certainly the growth that we're showing here will have a strong and demonstrated improvement or increase relative to the number of EUs that we expect to see. And when you factor in certainly the growth trajectory that we've been on over the past few years, I think what we're demonstrating here in terms of our growth and based on the guidance certainly is one that we feel good about. And at the same time, we recognize that there are some potentials of headwinds that could emerge here over the course of the year. There's going to be key factors that we expect over this next year that are going to drive the improvements that we need to go deliver on. We've got the necessary pieces in place from an operational growth standpoint that include the all-Canadian build project. We need to see a larger contribution in terms of some of our Alexander Dentist UK business as well as the work out of our North American double DAC. Those are going to be key enablers for us in terms of delivering on the guidance numbers that we've shared. But we do expect continued growth as well within our low floor cutaway business. So the pieces are all in place for us to be able to go deliver on what we've shared. Again, we don't share the number of EUs that are going to be a part of it, but we have high confidence certainly in terms of what we see. We need to be careful in terms of some of the headwinds that could emerge. I'm going to also ask Brian to share a few thoughts on this as well.

Yeah, I'd just like to add that. Thanks, John. Good response there. I'd just like to add there, you did mention that we have a lot of slots sold for 2026. While that's true in some of our businesses, we still have a fair amount of volume to win, particularly in the private coach business and in the UK. So we take that as a balance when we've developed our models and our guidance systems.

And then maybe for John, you know, you've had just a few days on the ground and getting a chance to see the organization. Is there anything that you're thinking about in terms of what you've seen so far? and kind of initial thoughts. You also made the comment about, you know, investing some growth capex, just trying to, you know, maybe understand what that might look like. So any initial thoughts on sort of where you're at as you take over the CEO role? You know, any thoughts around the strategic direction of the company over the next little while?

Yeah, thanks, Chris. Again, a great question, and I appreciate the chance to share some thoughts on it. First off, it's been two months since I've been in seat, and I have been incredibly impressed with this company and what we have and really excited about what we have in front of us. That's based on a number of factors that I would expect that many of you all see as well. First off, an incredible backlog. We've got to go deliver on that. I'll talk more on that here in a moment. We've got a very experienced and motivated team. Now, this is a team that is really geared around the mission that we have of connecting people and doing it and ensuring we connect folks safely. That's an incredible mission that inspires this team and so certainly inspires myself. We've got an established brand and reputation that's built on decades in every one of our business units and how they've touched the market. And we really have, I think, an excellent multi-year plan in terms of how we're going to be able to drive growth in manufacturing, which speaks a bit to your CapEx question there. I shared a little bit in terms of what my priorities are going to be. The operational excellence piece, I can't emphasize that one enough. And the first question that you shared right around us delivering on this growth, we got a high confidence in terms of what we're going to be able to go do and deliver here, certainly within 26 and beyond. And our customers need that of us. And that operational excellence piece isn't just around our own internal manufacturing, but also ensuring the supply chain readiness. and then we bring our suppliers along the way. So we'll be very focused on that as a key priority for myself. That is an area that I've emphasized in the first two months to answer your question. We also need to ensure that we're driving profitable growth. And so as we see our volumes increase, ensuring that we're being very effective in terms of our cost management, we also need to ensure that from a growth standpoint, that where we see these very strong areas of high growth, that we see that we're able to drive the necessary growth across all of our business units as well to be able to support the long-term growth expectations for us as a business. And then the final point is just around driving that, you know, continuing to drive the focus on customer centricity. That certainly has jumped out to me as being so critically important for the people that are part of this business. But it's one that we're going to continue to double down on as, you know, our customers, our end use customers and their customers rely on our services every single day and the products that we provide. So we're going to continue to ensure that's key for us. You know, on the CapEx front, we've made a number of investments to include what we shared recently around the all-Canadian build. We're going to continue to make the right CapEx decisions that ensure we've got the footprint in place to be able to deliver on the long-term projections. For 26, we feel good about everything that we've done relative to CapEx that enables us in terms of this year. But we're going to continue to make the right decisions around where that CapEx investment goes and how we're building for the future. So thanks for the question there, Chris. All right. Thanks. I'll pass it along.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ty Collin with CIBC. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my question. And, John, great to hear from you on the call this morning. Maybe just for my first one on the seeding supply situation, maybe I missed it in the published materials, but have you – made progress clearing out that backlog of complete buses waiting for seating? And is the expectation still that the overall seating issue is going to largely be normalized, you know, sometime after Q1?

Yeah, thanks, Ty. It's a great question. And let me share a little bit around seating and certainly what we're doing in terms of our overall supply chain here as we drive growth. We're very pleased with where we're at relative to the progress that the team has made since the end of last year around Obviously, it's well known in terms of what we've done to really secure that. I think the JV partnership that we've established, one is one that we feel, not just feel, but we've been really pleased with the results that our collective team has been able to generate. That has been focused on driving the necessary governance within the supplier, establishing the processes around material planning, bringing the facilities where they need to be to ensure that they can meet and prepare for our long-term growth. And our partners have been with us certainly along the way. We have seen the needed changes and been next to the team there within the JV supplier to ensure that it's progressing in the way that we would expect. What we've seen in terms of the improvements, we haven't published those just because we are seeing the progress, frankly, that we need to. We're going to see it continue to linger a little bit into Q2, but what I would say is overall the improvement has been remarkable in terms of the number of buses awaiting seats, et cetera. So we do anticipate that in the early Q2 timeframe that we will see this increase.

fully resolved and that we will be positioned relative to the to the jv for long-term success in terms of the uh the seating okay that's great color thanks uh and then i'm wondering if i could just get your thoughts on potential impacts uh of the current uh and unfolding middle east conflict here you know are there any sort of Red lights blinking within your supply chain. Which aspects of the supply chain would you consider to be most vulnerable? And are you taking any sort of proactive action at this point in response to rapidly unfolding events?

Yeah, thanks, Ty. Of course, we're watching these events very closely. What I would say for us is that generally our supply chain is not affected by the region. We have a couple of suppliers that we watch, but very minimal in terms of the amount of material that we see come in and through that region. We are watching it closely. We are ensuring that, one, obviously our first and foremost is concern for anyone that may be affected. But second is ensuring that where necessary, if we need to have alternative plans that we very quickly work through. The good news for us is we've got a very broad supply chain. We can draw on our supply base from all over the globe, and we have certainly many redundancies that exist out there for us to be able to, or suppliers that can create that resiliency and redundancy where we need it. So overall, we generally, from a supply standpoint, feel good about where we're at to be able to navigate the current geopolitical environment there in the Middle East.

Okay, thanks. I'll pass the line.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Cameron Dorkson with National Bank. Your line is now open.

Yeah, thanks very much. Good morning. I wanted to ask about average selling price. The way, obviously, you reported it's heavily impacted by, I guess, the mix of bus types. I'm just wondering if we could sort of look at the like-for-like pricing, you know, like a diesel versus a diesel last year price. Are you still seeing your selling price increases as you're coming in with new orders? Just trying to understand, I guess, the margin impact of still positive pricing.

Yeah, thanks. Thanks, Cameron. Great question. Well, I'll say at a very high level is that we continue to see the benefit of pricing that has played through. Obviously, there's been some impact in terms of, you know, over the several years going back. Right. That has seen this, that has taken time for some of the pricing benefits to play through. And you're starting to and we have been certainly seeing that here over the past decade.

12 to 24 months so generally speaking yes we're going to we see that positivity relative to the pricing piece but i'm going to ask brian to expand on that a little bit yeah thanks john so yeah this is you know we we've seen and we've talked about this over the past couple of years where we've you know won you know a lot of backlog and you're seeing that backlog migrate from backlog into the actuals and so you know pushing up um our asps but Additionally, in 2025, we've had some tariff impact come into that as well as we sought to, you know, pass those through on kind of like a cost-neutral basis, but it has improved or driven up the ASPs. And then, of course, the geographical mix has also had an effect where buses, generally speaking, in North America are a little bit more expensive than in the UK, so that mix effect is in there as well.

Okay, that's helpful. And Just on the motor coach market, obviously a very strong number of deliveries in the fourth quarter. You sound pretty positive, I guess, on the public market demand for motor coaches, but a little bit of uncertainty perhaps given the tariff impact here on the private market. I'm just wondering what you're seeing maybe so far in the private motor coach market. Are you seeing an impact on demand? Just trying to sort of gauge that. Overall, in motor coaches, if we should expect that, you know, continue to have a strong delivery number in 2026, like we saw in 2025.

Yeah, I think the underlying demand for motor coaches is still there. And the kind of fundamental aspects of kind of North American travel and the economy and whatnot, you know, the demand is still there. the recent kind of November increase in tariff, that's beginning to flow through the cost base of all of the OEMs. There's no domestic manufacturer of motor coaches today for the private market. And so what we're really seeing is the beginning of those tariffs in the private market and how that's going to play out in terms of how much of that is shared with the customer base. But we're you know, bullish on the market, you know, all the fundamentals, you know, from a demand side are still there. So it's really just a matter of, you know, how do we manage through the tariffs and how much we perhaps absorb there versus how much we share with our customers.

Yeah. And Cameron, the only thing I'd add, you know, we continue to be the only Buy America compliant manufacturer of coaches for the public market. So that continues to be kind of, you know, a good positive for us as we look at that market going forward.

Right. Okay. That's helpful. Thanks very much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Darrell Young with Stifel. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning, everyone. I wanted to just get some thoughts around preliminary budgets or expectations for transit funding come the expiration of the IIJA. Is there any details or any kind of inner workings that you can share with us around maybe what the magnitude of the next funding cycle might look like?

Yeah, thanks very much, Darrell. Great question. We're obviously watching this close. We're very engaged where we can be in terms of ensuring that our voices certainly is being heard and at the same time making sure that we're really getting a good feel in terms of where the sentiments are. I would say generally speaking, we've been encouraged by some of the commentary that's out there in terms of where the the funding bill looks to be. We've had a lot of discussion on this. I think there's good reason for continued optimism on it. To be honest, the fleets are, it's clear, right? There's a lot of recapitalization effort that the bus operators are needing. Their voice is certainly being heard. And so as a result, I would expect that that will continue to play through as the as this next funding cycle and the authorization cycle gets set up. So I would say that the other note I would make is that those decisions that are being now, of course, are going to continue to build off the current year appropriation. So we are in good shape in terms of the amount of backlog that will continue to carry forward this year into 27 and beyond as different transit authorities take advantage of the current funding sources that are there.

Yeah, the only thing I'll add, Darrell, is I think we saw a strong option conversion in 2025. So to John's point, I think that's folks trying to get the last of the IIJA in 2026. And to John's comment, that spending, while it matures in 2026, the act, it can be spent in 27, 28, 29. So that'll drive deliveries during that period as well.

Got it. Okay. And then just to go back to the supply chain, you spoke to us. Obviously, steel and aluminum and price pass through, and that's great. But I'm just curious if you're seeing any availability issues of steel in the U.S. and maybe how many weeks of production you might have in terms of your steel inventory today.

Well, we haven't. Overall, from a steel standpoint, we feel good about where we're at from a supply chain standpoint. So we haven't focused on the weeks in production for that reason. We're generally good. What I will say is that from a supply chain rate readiness standpoint is that we're very focused from a growth standpoint of ensuring that whether or not it's steel or anything else that's a part of our growth story from a supply chain, that we really are ensuring that we have our looking far enough ahead to ensure that we've got the readiness to be able to support that growth. So there's been a significant amount of effort here in the first two months of the year to really ensure from a readiness standpoint that all of our suppliers are coming along to be able to meet that growth with us. The team's made an incredible amount of progress in that regard. I've been very pleased with what I've seen here to date on it. We've got some continued work certainly to do, but what that helps us to do is identify where there are potentials for us to be able to go in and support those suppliers much earlier than it being in a reactive mode, right? So we're being extremely proactive around ensuring our supply base. Specific to the steel piece, we generally feel good about that. We don't have any emerging issues.

Okay, great. I'll jump back in the queue. Congrats on the quarter, guys.

Our next question comes from the line of Abe Landa with Bank of America. Your line is now open.

Hi, good morning. It's Sean for Abe. Thank you for taking my question. The first one I wanted to ask was, can you outline the 2026 free cash flow bridge, including cash interest, cash taxes, working capital, and clarify which items sit below EBITDA versus within EBITDA cash costs or ad backs?

Yeah, we've obviously put our guidance out for the first time. We've not gotten to that level of guidance. I would say, just generally speaking, that we would expect kind of cash interest to be more in line in 2026, you know, than in 2025. So cash interest and cash, you know, and interest expense to be more aligned there. So we had some timing differences because of the new high yield in 2025. Regarding working capital and some of the other aspects there, We would, you know, we came into the year a little heavy from a working capital standpoint with some of the seating affected buses. So we would expect that to normalize in 2026 and to be mostly offset with additional volume growth. So we wouldn't expect to see a significant, you know, up or down number from a working capital standpoint. We'll get more efficient and we'll burn through some of those vehicles and some of that work in process. But we also have volume increases to offset that. So I think those are kind of the primary comments. And we did give guidance on CapEx. We expect most of that to be cash-based CapEx. And the leases year over year, we would expect to be relatively flat. So, you know, I hope that helps in terms of putting together the model, but we really haven't given any more kind of guidance around that for 2026. Thank you.

I appreciate that. Can you outline the expected uses of the free cash flow?

Yeah, I think we've talked earlier that we're pretty singularly focused on reducing our leverage ratio. We do expect to get, you know, near the end of the year, we expect to get down into that one and a half to two and a half range. So probably even more closer to the upper end of that range. And then, you know, we'll begin to have productive conversations internally about, you know, capital allocation and things like that. But we're really focused on debt pay down at this point. And I think you'll see that as a recurring thing throughout 2026. And then as we turn towards 2027 and beyond, you know, we'll start opening up the aperture on other uses there.

I mean, given the $267 million Ron and the Revolver and $338 million of convertible ventures due January 2027 and bonds callable in 2027 and 2028, are there debt instruments that you're prioritizing for repayment? And how do you plan to address the remainder over the near to medium term.

Yeah, so you outlined the debt stack fairly well there. I think as we look at that, we do have the convertible debentures that come due in January of 2027. So that's kind of top of mind in terms of, you know, how do we deal with that? And that's something that we'll look at, you know, we're looking at now and we'll come up with a plan in the next few months on that. Beyond that, in terms of debt pay down, the revolver would be our first priority. That's the easiest one to do. There are some prepayment penalties, if you will, with the high yield. And so we're not really looking at that one at that point in time, or at least right now, we've got the revolver to be able to pay down. And of course, we've got the convertible debentures to deal with as well. So those are the two components we'll probably focus on more.

And then can you update us on tariff and aluminum inflation exposure? including passive pricing, mechanics, customer discussions, aluminum as a percentage of sales, direct, indirect, and any potential margin impact?

Yeah, I think the question, like I didn't get the whole thing. I think it was around tariffs, and could you just repeat that, please?

Yeah, we're just curious about tariffs and aluminum inflation exposure, like whether or not that's pricing that's passed through, customer discussion, aluminum as a percentage of sales. Yeah.

Okay. Yeah. Thanks, Sean. Overall for us in terms of tariff, we have a really good execution plan that we continue to leverage from 25. We'll continue carrying that forward in terms of 26. You know, it's a very holistic approach in terms of how we manage and execute through tariffs. All of that, of course, is factored into the guidance that we've shared and that we're going to be able to continue to execute on that. What's out there and available, certainly we have contractual protections from a tariff standpoint that ensure our ability to collect. And then also we have additional things we can do from a pricing standpoint and others that ensure that where we see those cost increases that we're able to manage through it and obviously commit to the guidance that we've provided based on the tariffs that we know of here as of March 11th.

Last one, sorry.

Sean, we're just going to have to go to the next caller if we can. Yeah, just a bunch of others. Thanks.

Our next question comes from the line of Tim James with TD Cowan. Your line is now open.

Great, thanks very much for the time this morning. My first question is looking at the UK market and Alexander Dennis. I'm just wondering if you could talk a little bit about, I know it's been a challenging market there, a lot of competition there, You've had some new product launches. How do you see the products that you've got in that market now aligned with what customers are actually ordering? And I'm wondering maybe about some of the orders that have gone away from you. Any sense you can provide for what is maybe the key point there, why those orders are going away?

Thanks, Tim. It's a great question. Let me talk first about our products. I had the chance to go visit the team over there, see the products firsthand, and have been extremely impressed with what it is our Alexander team does. Alexander Dentist team does every single day to deliver a great product to the customer. That includes some of these new releases that you've seen. I've been really, you know, certainly impressed with also, you know, how those releases are continuing to be recognized by the customer in terms of what they've done. It certainly is a competitive environment, as you know, and that's something that we've highlighted here previously. different than what we experience in terms of North America, which has certainly requirements around localization, et cetera, the UK is still evolving in that sense, or developing potential new pathways for that. And so we're very engaged with the appropriate folks in the UK. We've had great support in terms of that engagement, certainly from Scottish authorities to be able to support the conversations there. So we'll continue to ensure that we stay very focused with it. But it is, as noted, a competitive environment. What I would also say is that team is doing a terrific job in terms of really ensuring that it manages the situation appropriately and watches very closely. But we are seeing the wind. We see ourselves being able to compete from an AD standpoint. But it is more competitive, and that forces us to –

you know the business to really you know push hard to ensure that we're getting the new volumes that we would expect but as noted competitive environment a lot of tailwinds certainly that we have from a product standpoint but a high area of focus for us here in 26. okay great thank you my second question just looking at the the uh the receivables increase in the fourth quarter um you noted it was quite significant i believe there was a reference to sort of volume that you know went out in in december Was this a particularly sort of December heavy delivery fourth quarter? Is that why it increased so significantly? Is there any other kind of color you can provide around the receivables and the increase in the fourth quarter?

Yeah, and I'd like to note earlier that we shared around, you know, some of the seasonality, if you will, around how our deliveries occur. Certainly Q4, I think, historically has been that way, certainly was in 25, and so that did create that receivable impact. I'll ask Brian to expand a little further on that.

Yeah, so good question. Certainly something that we're, you know, that we noted as well. We did have a little bit heavier kind of December in 25 than we would have in 24. And then, of course, the increase in ASP also drove higher receivables as well. So both of those things contributed. We are pleased with the collection of that, you know, as we've started, you know, through Q1 as well. So, you know, we think that'll normalize, you know, as we get into the first quarter, and we're happy with how that's gone.

Okay, that's great. Thank you very much.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jonathan Goldman with Scotiabank. Your line is now open.

Hey, good morning, Heman. Thanks for taking my questions. Maybe we can just circle back on the pricing conversation. A lot of puts and takes there. You talked about mix and tariffs potentially being headwinds, but do you expect net pricing to be accretive to EBITDA margin in 2026?

Yeah, so great question. And if you've kind of followed the discussion from kind of the hyperinflation days of kind of 23, 24, you know, we've been talking a lot about the pricing and margins in the backlog. And, you know, we've seen that come in 24 and in 25. We would expect that we will see some continued improvement in 2026. However, I would say the volume story is becoming a bigger story relative to our guidance than pricing is at this point.

Okay, fair enough. That's good color. I know it's early days, John, but have you seen any opportunities to maybe rationalize the number of SKUs and more broadly to optimize the portfolio of the entire business?

Thanks, Jonathan, and it's a great question. It's certainly our focus right now and mine in the first couple months has been really around delivering on what's in front of us here in terms of 26 and certainly with what we have in terms of this excellent portfolio of products. Your question, I think, really goes towards some of the strategic conversations that my focus will shift towards here in the coming months. And so I don't have a view, uh, in terms of your question yet, but certainly we'll always be thinking as a leadership team around, you know, what do we do in terms of managing and ensuring that we have a portfolio for the longterm that's really built for, uh, you know, longterm, uh, you know, success. And so that's just a normal course of, you know, us as a, as a, as a leadership team and the responsibilities we got there. So, yeah, not a great answer yet to your question then Jonathan, but, uh, And certainly what I will just share is overall that I will always, as I sit in this seat, be thinking about how we ensure for the long term that we're adjusting and managing our portfolio appropriately.

No, fair enough. And I appreciate it. It's still early days. And maybe just one more housekeeping one for me. The timeline for deleveraging to get back to the one and a half to two times or two and a half times range. Did you say that was a 2027 event or an exit rate for 2026?

Yeah, we think it has end of 26, early 27 timeframe. So we're not nailing down exactly when that will occur, but certainly we expect that here in the next 12 to 24 months.

Okay, thanks for taking my questions. I'll get back to you.

Thank you. Thanks, John. Our next question comes from the line of Abe Landa with Bank of America. Your line is now open.

Hi, it's Sean Maher again, honor for Abe. Thank you for letting me ask an additional question. We had just two more quick ones. Is there any further updates that you can provide on the integration of the American seeing business, like performance wise?

I'm sorry, the last part, just having a little trouble hearing you there, Sean. So how the integration is going relative to the MCO business?

I work Yeah, we're just curious with integration into the business.

Yeah, overall, I shared a little bit earlier relative to MCCO, I'd say we're very pleased with the progress that the JV has made. It has been an excellent partnership with us and our JV partners. We're very aligned in terms of where it needs to go and very proactively working through to ensure the process improvements, the material execution, all of that, and getting the future of that business set up and established. So what I would say is currently we feel really good about it, the trajectory it's on in terms of the very near-term recovery, and frankly, being able to support us in the long term. So I think that's where things are at really with the M-SQL business right now.

Yeah, and the only thing I'd add, Sean, is, yeah, we definitely view it as an investment. So we're actually not integrating it into our operations. As John mentioned, we've got this joint venture structure that oversees Amseco and their production. And our focus is on getting that business stable, getting it healthy. And then, obviously, then we'll look at what the longer-term future is for Amseco. But we definitely look at that as an investment. That's why we treat it that way on our financials. But as John mentioned, very pleased with what we've seen so far and very pleased with how the JV has been working.

Okay, thank you. And the last one, can you give us an update on the expected timing of battery recall cash outlays across 2026, 2027, and beyond?

Yeah, I think in the Q3, I don't think we included in the deck, but in the Q3 deck, we included a timeline of expected cash expenditures, and nothing's materially changed from that. Obviously, as disclosed in the financials, we've received some cash in. We are... We are on the timeline to have the buses repaired in that 18 to 24 month period that we had originally said. And then, of course, the battery cell usage would be a little bit trailing after that. But the development that's required in order for us to incorporate those battery cells into future vehicles, that timeline is preserved as well. So we don't really have an update to what we disclosed in Q3, but we are on that plan.

And, Sean, one thing I would add is we feel really good about where the campaign is set. Coming in with fresh eyes myself and evaluating the program and the plan for execution, this obviously has been several months that the team has been working through to have us positioned to be able to go execute on this. It's been well communicated with the customers, well understood there. And, frankly, I am really pleased with the leadership and the team that we've got in place to go execute the plan overall and within the timeline that Brian just described.

Okay. Thank you very much. I appreciate all the questions being answered. Good luck. Thanks, Sean.

Thank you. And I'm currently showing no further questions at this time. I'd now like to hand the call back over to Stephen King for closing remarks.

Yeah, thanks, everyone. Thanks, Shannon, and thanks, everybody, for joining this morning. Thanks for all the questions. We really appreciate it. And, you know, as always, if you need materials, they're all in our investor section of our website, and we'll look forward to talking with everybody again in early May. Yeah. Thanks.

This concludes today's conference. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.