Gran Tierra Energy Inc.

Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to Grand Tierra Energy's conference call for fourth quarter and year-end 2025 results. My name is Shannon, and I will be your coordinator for today. At this time, all participants are in a listening mode. Following the initial remarks, we will conduct a question and answer session for securities analysts and institutions. Instructions will be provided at that time for you to queue up for questions. I would like to remind everyone that this conference call is being webcast and recorded today, Wednesday, March 4th, 2026, at 11 o'clock a.m. Eastern Time. Today's discussion may include certain forward-looking information, oil and gas information, and non-GAAP financial measures. Please refer to the earnings and operational update for press release we issued yesterday for important advisories and disclaimers with regard to this information and for reconciliations of any non-GAAP measures discussed on today's call. This earnings call is the property of Grand Tierra Energy, Inc. Any copying or rebroadcasting of this call is expressly forbidden without the written consent of Grand Tierra Energy. I will now turn the conference call over to Gary Guidry, President and Chief Executive Officer of Grand Tierra. Mr. Guidry, please go ahead.

Thank you, Shannon. Good morning and welcome to Grand Tierra's fourth quarter and year-end 2025 results conference call. My name is Gary Guidry, Grand Tierra's President and Chief Executive Officer. And with me today are Ryan Elson, our Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, and Sebastian Morin, our Chief Operating Officer. Yesterday, we issued a press release that included detailed information about our fourth quarter and year-end 2025 results. In addition, Grand Tierra Energy's 2025 annual report on Form 10-K has been filed on EDGAR and is available on our website. Ryan and Sebastian will make a few brief comments, and we will then open the line for questions. I'll now turn the call over to Ryan to discuss our financial results.

Thanks, Gary, and good morning, everyone. The company has recently successfully executed a bond exchange of our 9.5% senior secured advertising notes due in 2029 with a participation rate of approximately 88%. demonstrating high investor confidence in the company's strategy. Combined with our prepayment agreement and recent Simonette disposition, we are entering 2026 with a meaningfully enhanced liquidity position and a stronger balance sheet. Subsequent to year-end, we amended and expanded our existing prepayment agreement, adding up to $175 million of incremental capacity plus $25 million accordion, and was our primary source of liquidity to support the 2029 notes exchange. Concurrently, we terminated our Columbia credit facility, however, kept our $75 million Canadian facility in place. Importantly, this improved maturity profile and enhanced liquidity position allow us to shift from near-term refinancing considerations to disciplined, optimistic debt reduction with extended runway provided from the debt exchange. We can actively pursue bond buybacks, extract the discounts while continuing to allocate capital to the highest return development opportunities across the portfolio, accelerating deleveraging without sacrificing asset progression or long-term value creation. Additionally, we're very pleased to announce our entry into Azerbaijan, which we view as a compelling and a capital efficient addition to our portfolio. Partnering with SOCAR provides an early scaled entry into a stable and supportive jurisdiction with established infrastructure and the long production history. This opportunity aligns with our strategy of pursuing risk-negated growth in proven basins where our operating model and technical expertise can drive value. Given Azerbaijan's role in supplying energy to European markets, we see meaningful long-term strategic potential from this entry. From a hedging standpoint, we continue to layer in hedges to support cash flow stability in 2026. Oil volumes are approximately 50% hedge throughout the year using a mix of three ways, callers, and puts with an average floor around $60 balancing downside production with upside exposure. For gas, we have echo swaps covering on average 14,200 GJs per day at approximately $2.77 per GJ for 2026. Our 12-month rolling program maintains disciplined coverage levels while preserving price upside. Turning now to our financial results for the year, during 2025, Grand Tierra realized a net loss of $193 million, or $5.45 per share, which included non-cash ceiling test impairment losses of $136 million, compared to net income of $3.2 million, or $0.10 per share, in 2024. Grantier's capital expenditures increased slightly by $8 million or 3% to $256 million compared to 2024 due to the higher number of wells drilled during the year in Colombia, Ecuador, and Canada. The company realized adjusted EBITDA of $284 million, a decrease of 23% from $367 million in 2024. 2025 fund flow from operations were $178 million, or $5.02 per share, compared to $225 million in 2024. Both these decreases were commensurate with the decrease in Brent oil price. The company generated net cash provided by operating activities of $313 million, an increase of 31% from $239 million in 2024. The company had $83 million in cash and cash equivalents as at December 31st, 2025, a decrease compared to a cash balance of $103 million as at December 31st, 2024. In addition, the company has its CanCraft facility fully undrawn with a capacity of 75 million Canadian. During 2025, the company bought back $21.3 million in face value of the company's 2029 senior notes. Grand Tierra's net oil and gas sales for the year were $597 million, a slight decrease of 4% compared to 2024. Total 2025 operating expenses were $249 million compared to $202 million in 2024, representing a 23% increase, while operating expenses per BOE were $15.17, 6% lower when compared to 2024. The increase in total operating expenses in 2025 was a result of higher operating costs in Ecuador driven by a production ramp up in 2025 and a full year contribution from arcane operations. Taken together, we have had a very busy start to the year with all these corporate actions, reposition the company for a strong 2026 and beyond. I'll now turn the call over to Sebastian Moore and discuss some of our highlights of our current operations.

Thanks, Ryan. Good morning, everyone. I will start with our 2025 year-end reserves. On January 28, 2026, we announced our year-end reserves as evaluated by McDaniel. The results reinforced the strength, depth, and optionality embedded in our portfolio. In South America, we delivered greater than 100% reserve replacement on both a PBP and 2P basis, driven by exploration success and strong asset performance. For 2025, we reported 142 million barrels of oil equivalent of 1P reserves, 258 million barrels of oil equivalent of 2P reserves, and 329 million barrels of oil equivalent of 3P reserves. South American reserves replacement was 101 for PDP, 101% for PDP, 61% for 1P, and 105% for 2P. These outcomes were supported by multiple exploration discoveries in Ecuador, disciplined management of our low-decline Colombian assets, and successful integration of our Canadian operations into a diversified, multi-basin portfolio. In Canada, certain natural gas reserves were reclassified to contingent resources due to current low gas prices under reserve booking standards. As operator of the majority of our assets, we retain the flexibility to reallocate capital toward high-return, quick-payout gas development in a stronger price environment, and we remain constructive on long-term natural gas demand given LNG expansion and structural growth in power demand. Our PDP reserves continue to generate meaningful cash flow that supports key leveraging, while our broader inventory, including approximately 0.3 PCF of unrisked 3T contingent resources in the glockinitic formation and 0.4 PCF of 3T gas reserves across our Canadian assets provide substantial long-term gas development optionality. The organic and inorganic growth achieved over the past several years has created a runway of highly economic development opportunities and proven plays with established infrastructure. With Canadian operations now fully integrated, approximately 18% of production, 19% of 1P reserves, and 22% of 2P reserves are attributable to natural gas, and Canada represents 39% of 1p and 44% of 2p reserves. This diversification enhances resilience across commodity cycles while preserving capital allocation flexibility. From a valuation perspective, year-end 2025 NAV per share was $22.51 before tax and $13.61 after tax on a 1p basis, and $51.09 before tax and $31.17 after tax on a 2p basis. Compared to our current share price, this reflects a meaningful discount of two to five times across all NAV categories. In terms of production, Grand Tierra achieved 2025 average working interest production of 45,709 barrels per day, representing a 32% increase from 2024. Due to a positive exploration, well drilling results in Ecuador and full year production from our Canadian operation, which was partially offset by lower production in southern Colombia and Ecuador as a result of two major export pipeline disruptions and the moqueta field being shut in due to trunk line repairs within the third quarter of 2025. Operationally, we are building off a successful year in 2025 to start off 2026 on a strong note. As Ryan noted previously, with the company fulfilling all 2025 Ecuador commitments and the SORIENTE-carried work program well underway, We are entering a new phase focused on generating cash flow and maximizing the value of our diversified portfolio. From a development standpoint, we are excited to share that we recently drilled the Rahu 2 well on the Surrey Antigua, targeting the northern extent of the Kohembe field. The well is producing approximately 790 barrels of oil per day at less than 1% water cut and is performing ahead of our initial expectations. The result further delineates the field and supports the broader development potential of Kohembe to the north. RAHU II also advances our Surianti capital carry commitment, which we expect to complete by mid-2026. To close, our operational focus remains on portfolio longevity, asset quality, and disciplined execution. With the addition of Azerbaijan, our portfolio now spans four countries, six basins, and three continents, further enhancing diversification. the company continues to be supported by a strong PDP foundation, meaningful 1P and 2P reserves, and a consistent track record of progressing resources from 2P to 1P and ultimately into producing the assets. As we advance our operational and financial objectives, we remain steadfast in our commitment to safe, responsible operations and supporting the communities in which we work. With a stronger capital structure and a clear focus on free cash flow and debt reduction, We believe 2026 marks an important step in enhancing the long-term value of Grand Tierra. I will now turn the call back to the operator, and Gary, Ryan, and I will be happy to take questions. Operator, please go ahead.

Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now conduct a questioning and answer session for securities analysts. If you have a question, please press the star key followed by 1-1 on your touchtone phone. You will then hear an automated message advising your hand is raised. Your questions will be pulled in the order they are received. Please ensure you lift the handset if you're using a speakerphone before pressing any keys. One moment, please, for your first question. Our first question comes from the line of David Round with Seafull. Your line is now open.

Great. Thank you. Thanks, everyone. Probably an obvious one to start, but maybe can you just talk about your exposure to near-term prices, please? Specifically, if you can If you can just mention sort of how and when your sales are priced. Secondly, a bit of a follow-on. I appreciate this is all new, but I mean, I see your CapEx guidance is the same in your base case and your high case, but that's up to $75. So I'm wondering, $80 plus, does that change? At what point does your thinking around capital allocation change? And a third one just on Azerbaijan, please, if you wouldn't mind just sort of giving us an idea on potential capital allocation there, please. Thank you.

Great. Thanks, David. Yeah, with respect to pricing, you're right, it is fairly new. And the way our pricing works is we're paid in Colombia, we're paid just on the monthly average rent price. And in Ecuador, we're paid at M minus one, which is really the month of lifting. We get paid the prior month pricing is how we get as far as the pricing. And in Canada, we're paying on the average of WTI for the month. And so right now, just for sensitivities, you know, we do have a sensitivity in our corporate deck. If you look at the low case, mid case, and high case, you're right that the $75 high case we're generating, it's about $130 million of free cash flow. And capital expenditures are relatively flat. Actually, they're the same across all categories. And I think right now it's too early to say what we do with additional funds. But our capital program for 2026 is pretty well set. So I think this would really, you know, we would expect any material changes at all for 2026. It really is help us with our planning for 2027. We're very focused on debt reduction, free cash flow generation. And so I think any excess free cash either go with cash on the balance sheet or repurchasing our outstanding debt. And then with respect to Azerbaijan, we are still waiting to get the PSE ratified. So really capital, we'll come up with capital guidance for Azerbaijan. Really, it's really a 2027 and beyond. With some capital this year, most likely some gravity that we'll shoot in Azerbaijan.

Okay, makes sense. Maybe I can just sneak another quick one just on OPEX. It looks like actually a pretty meaningful reduction in OPEX in 26. How much of that is structural savings that we can assume will persist? And are there any deferrals we just need to be aware of there?

Yeah, so they're mostly all structural components. Even in Canada, we've reduced as a whole about 10% per year on a structural basis. So the integration of I3 has been significant. And the same goes in Colombia and Ecuador. And a lot of that is moving from our diesel to gas to power as we develop the field in Ecuador.

Brilliant. Thank you.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Joseph Schachter with Searcy. Your line is now open.

Good morning, everyone, and thanks for taking my questions. First one for Ryan. Ryan, with all these higher prices and you mentioned in your hedge book, how much incremental hedges have you put on and are you stretching that into 27? Is this war premium giving the ability to add hedges at very attractive prices?

Yeah, I think for this year, we have about 50% of our production hedge. We have started to add a few in the Q1 of 2027. I think the reality is obviously front month is quite a bit higher, but the curve is steeply backward dated. And so but we are continue to look at hedges for, you know, latter half of the year, but more so in the next year. So we're about 50% hedge already this year. We may do some short term options, take advantage of it, you know, get above that 50% probably through puts over the next couple of months. But that really is what it again with the curve so steeply backwardated.

OK, next one. the disruption on the pipelines in the south for Colombia and then the recent announcements of the Americans being involved with the Ecuadorian military. Is there any concern about Ecuador production and has there been a recovery from the pipeline disruptions in southern Colombia?

Yeah. Thanks, Joseph. I think the answer to that is there's no disruption in Ecuador. We're currently starting our water injection pilot test. We are working with the government to tie into the OSLA pipeline going forward. And with the border disruption, the border being closed between Colombia and Ecuador, we have multiple ways to export our crude from Colombia. And so now it's all being exported directly from Colombia as opposed through the OTA and the SOTE lines. And so no disruption to production or exports. It's just different routing.

So has production come up materially? What would production be now versus what it was during Q4?

In Ecuador, we're still at the 8,500, 9,000 barrels a day. But we are quite... We're already seeing response from the injection in the fields that we're on, but our plans are to start water injection pilots in all of our fields.

Okay. And in Columbia, production now versus Q4?

Yeah, Joseph, it's pretty much flat, so as we manage the water flood at Cociaco and Moqueta We're doing some optimizations on both the water floods and moquettas actually back up over 1,100 barrels a day. So, you know, we're essentially flat for Q4 to Q1 now.

Okay, super. Thanks for answering my questions.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Rob Mann with RBC Capital Markets. Your line is now open.

Hey, morning, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. My first one just surrounds assignment at this position in the context of your production guidance for this year. It sounds like operations are trending positively so far, but would you anticipate a small change to your production guidance range upon deal close or look to maintain your current guidance?

Yeah, well, we will revise our guidance once we've closed that transaction, which will happen here over the next week or two. going forward, and so it's not material, but it is an effective date of January 1st, 2026.

Okay, great. Thanks, Eric. Just one more from me, if I could. Can you just remind us of your activity in Clearwater this year, and is there any potential to accelerate or expand the program there, just following the assignment at disposition, the planned activity there? Thanks.

Yeah, so right now we're doing some more core work studies, essentially cost optimization studies for when we go to full field development. And to your point, we have an existing pad with room for up to four to six wells. So that's all in the planning stages that we can pull off of the shelf.

Great. Thanks, guys.

Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Alejandra Andrade with JP Morgan. Your line is now open.

Hi, how are you? You mentioned debt reduction. I was wondering what would be your target in terms of debt reduction and when do you think it's feasible to achieve that? Thank you.

Longer term, we're targeting net debt to EBITDA one times, and we're targeting that for 2028. It obviously continues on pricing, and pricing like today, that accelerates quite quickly.

Great. Thank you. Thanks. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Chris DiCiario with BTIG. Your line is now open.

Yeah. Hi. Good morning. Just, I guess, a couple follow-up questions on topics that have already been asked. On the hedging program, you mentioned, I think, an average floor price of $60. Just what's the average ceiling price now that we have prices at least in the near term where they are? I guess my first question.

Yeah, about $74 is the ceiling.

Okay, thank you. And then just following up on Alejandro's question, to the extent – you know, you're focused now on free cash flow and debt reduction going forward to the extent perhaps we'll have, you know, a little bit higher oil prices for longer. How do you think about sort of, you know, share buybacks versus net debt reduction or debt reduction? I mean, to the extent things end up better than your guidance, sort of how do you think of allocating between the two?

Yeah, good question. I think if you look at where the bonds yield right now, we're very focused on debt reduction. And our first choice would be to repurchase outstanding debt. And then you recall in the exchange that we just did, any restricted payments that go out, we have to do two to one for debt reduction versus share buybacks. So if we were to buy back $10 million worth of shares, we'd be obligated to buy back $20 million versus debt. So you can see the emphasis on the debt reduction.

Yeah, great. That's helpful. Thank you.

You're welcome. Thank you. Gentlemen, there are no further questions at this time. Please continue.

Thank you, operator. I'd once again like to thank everyone for joining us today. I would like to also take this opportunity to thank the entire Grand Tierra team for their commitment and their hard work in 2025 while thanking stakeholders for their continued support. We look forward to speaking with you next quarter and update you on our ongoing progress. Thank you.

This concludes today's conference. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.